Database Information System

1. CHAPTER 6: Understanding Database
Management Systems (DBMS)

2. ▪ File organization concepts
– Database: Group of related files
– File: Group of records of same type
– Record: Group of related fields. It describes
– An entity (person, place, thing on which we store information)
– Attribute: Each characteristic, or quality, describing entity
– Field: Group of characters as word(s) or number
▪ Bite: group of bit that represents a single character
▪ Bit: smallest unit of data (0)
Organizing Data in a Traditional File Environment
2

3. What is a DBMS?
A Database Management System (DBMS) is software for
managing data
• Think of it as a digital librarian for your information
• Stores, organizes, retrieves, and protects large amounts of
data
• Acts as a bridge between data and the apps that use it

4. Business Benefits of a DBMS
• Efficiency – Automates tasks and reduces manual
work
• Better Decisions – Accurate, real-time data for
smarter choices
• Data Security – Encryption, access control, and
authentication
• Cost Savings – Avoids duplication, saves space and
effort

5. Types of DBMS (Overview)
There are 5 common types of DBMS:
1. Relational (RDBMS)
2. NoSQL
3. Hierarchical
4. Network
5. Object-Oriented

6. Type 1 – Relational (RDBMS)
• Uses tables with rows & columns
• Data linked through keys (e.g., Customer ID)
• Supports SQL for querying
• Best for structured, interrelated data (e.g., sales, customer
info)

8. Type 2 – NoSQL
• Stores data in flexible formats: documents, key-value pairs,
etc.
• Great for big data, unstructured info, or real-time apps
• Used in social media, streaming, and user activity tracking

10. Types 3–5: Specialized DBMS
• Hierarchical DBMS: Tree-like (parent-child); great for org
charts, file systems
• Network DBMS: Flexible links (many-to-many); good for
school data, contacts
• Object-Oriented DBMS: Stores data as objects; used in
engineering or multimedia

12. Types 3–5: Specialized DBMS
• Hierarchical DBMS: Tree-like (parent-child); great for org
charts, file systems
• Network DBMS: Flexible links (many-to-many); good for
school data, contacts
• Object-Oriented DBMS: Stores data as objects; used in
engineering or multimedia

14. Types 3–5: Specialized DBMS
• Hierarchical DBMS: Tree-like (parent-child); great for org
charts, file systems
• Network DBMS: Flexible links (many-to-many); good for
school data, contacts
• Object-Oriented DBMS: Stores data as objects; used in
engineering or multimedia

16. Key Features of a Good DBMS
• Data Modeling – Visualize how your data connects
• Fast Storage & Retrieval – Access large data sets quickly
• Concurrency Control – Multiple users can work at once
• Security & Integrity – Keep data safe and accurate
• Backup & Recovery – Restore data in case of error or loss