1. BULIHAN
RATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Data Collection
and Analysis
Procedures
1
WEEK 4
QUARTER 4
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
2. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
At the end of the lesson, you are
expected to
1. identify different types of data collection
and analysis procedures;
2. prepare research instrument appropriate
for research;
3. appreciate the importance of research in
daily life.
2
3. BULIHAN
RATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Guess the
Picture?
3
Can you identify the data
gathering procedure based on the
given photo?
14. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Primary Data Collection Techniques
•Interview
•Participant Observation
•Focused Group Interview
•Observational Evaluation
•Biography / Autobiography
•Questionnaire
14
15. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Interview
• In this method, research participants are prodded to
talk about their experiences, feelings, beliefs, outlooks,
etc.
• It can be conducted through informal conversations,
open-ended interviews or in-depth discussions.
• Interviews can be one-time, multiple with the same
participants, multiple with various participants or
group interviews.
15
16. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Interview
• Structured interviews use a set of questions prepared
by the researcher. During the course of interview, the
researcher or interviewer codes the responses.
• Unstructured interviews use open-ended questions
which the interviewee or research participant
answers freely.
• Semi-structured interviews use both closed and
open-ended questions.
16
17. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Participant Observation
•The researcher immerses himself / herself in the
natural setting of the research participant.
•The participant observes and participates fully
in the activities of the group.
17
18. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Focus Group Interview
• 6 – 8 persons participate in the interview.
• The advantage of this is that critical issues or sensitive ones
can be more freely discussed with a group.
• This type of interview is very rich source of data because of
variety and depth of opinions, views, perspectives.
• The moderator or researcher must be skilled in facilitating
such group discussion and stay focused on the goal and
topic of the interview.
18
19. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Observational Evaluation
• The researchers may or may not participate in
activities of the group being observed. They mostly
observe and record both the verbal and non-verbal
behavior of a person or group of persons.
19
20. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Biography / Autobiography
•Personal biographies offer a rich source of data
or evidence that can shed light or provide
tentative answers to research questions.
20
21. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Basic Types of Data Collection
(Creswell, 2003)
• Observations
• Interviews
• Documents
• Audio and Visual Materials
21
22. SAMA-SAMA SA PAG SULONG
NG Edu KALDIDAD
BULIHAN
INTEGRATED NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Components of Interview
Protocol
• Heading
• Instruction to the Interviewer including opening statements
• The key research questions
• Probes to follow key questions
• Transition messages for the interviewer
• Space for recording the interviewee’s comments and space
in which the researcher records reflective notes.
22
