The document summarizes key aspects of the fifth circle of Hell in Dante's Inferno, known as the circle of Wrath and Sullenness. It describes the figures that inhabit this circle, including Phlegyas the ferryman, the River Styx filled with a toxic black liquid, and the sinner Filippo Argenti. It also outlines creatures and locations in Dis, the deepest part of Hell, including the fallen angels that guard the city, the Furies, and Erichtho the witch.

1. DANTE’S INFERNO
Fifth Circle of Hell: Wrath and
Sullenness

2. WRATH AND
SULLENNESS
Two forms of a single sin: anger that is
expressed (wrath) and anger that is
repressed (sullenness)

3. PHLEGYAS
- son of Ares and was killed by Apollo
- got turned into a demonic giant in the
afterlife after burning down the Apollonian
temple of Delhi; ferryman of the river
Styx
- was controlled by Dante and uses him to
break into the City of Dis

4. RIVER STYX
- a vast swamp encompassing the fifth
circle of hell
- filled with toxic, black liquid
- the angry lie at the top, fighting with
each other while the sullen eternally
drown at the bottom

5. FILIPPO ARGENTI
- a Black Guelph from a prominent family;
wrathful politician
- took all Dante’s property when Dante was
asked to leave Florence
- torn by the other sinners after his
encounter with Dante

6. THE CITY OF DIS
- holds Hell’s deepest secrets and the
worst violent and treacherous sinners
- fallen angels guards its walls
- contains the lower circles of Hell

7. BRIDE OF LUCIFER
- Beatrice became a bride of Lucifer after
Dante fought his way to the City of Dis

8. THE CREATURES
DANTE SAW BEFORE
THE CITY OF DIS

9. FALLEN ANGELS
- defends the entrance to the City of Dis
- these angels joined Lucifer in his
rebellion against God
- ‘rained down from heaven’
- Virgil failed to convince them to let the
m in because they demanded to know the
reason why someone alive is entering
their dominion

10. THE FURIES
-the Erinyes, namely Alecto, Megaera,
and Tisiphone, are creatures that are
half-human, half-serpent
-laughs at Dante and called for Medusa
to turn him into stone; Virgil quickly
covers his eyes

11. THE ANGEL
-secured entry for the poets and rebuked
those who opposed them
- opened the gates of the City of Dis

12. ERICHTHO
-a bloodthirsty witch who sent Virgil t
o bring back a spirit from the lowest
circle of Hell so he can reveal future
events in the civil war between
Pompey and Caesar