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The quest to find superior
  avocado rootstocks
                  (AV07008)

     Danielle Le Lagadec & Terry Campbell
  Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries

VC project: Simpson Farm Pty Ltd & Birdwood Nursery
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Aim
 Identify superior rootstocks that have been excluded from existing
    Australian rootstock trials

Trial site
• Established in 2004 in Childers, Central Queensland
• Trial extends over 4 ha
• 11 rootstocks with Shepard as scion & 33 rootstocks with Hass as
  scion
• Five replicated plots of three trees each per rootstock with a guard
  tree between each plot




                                        © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Trial site
• Deep well drained red soils with low Pc pressure
• Standard farm management practices


    Trial monitoring
•    Yields per tree, by mass and fruit number
•    Fruit quality assessments after cold storage
•    Tree health ratings in July (pre-flowering)
•    Graft compatibility rating
•    Measure tree vigour




                                         © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




                 ‘Shepard’                                                      ‘Hass’
 Seedling rootstocks    Clonal rootstocks    Seedling rootstocks                             Clonal rootstocks
‘Ashdot’  (Israel)     BM1 (RSA)            ‘Ashdot’ (Israel)                              BM1       (RSA)
‘Degania’ (Israel)     BM2 (RSA)            ‘Degania’ (Israel)                             BM2       (RSA)
‘Reed’    (USA)                             ‘Reed’    (USA)                                ‘Duke 7’ (USA)
‘Zutano’   (USA)                            ‘Zutano’ (USA)                                 BC101     (Aus)
BW18       (Aus)                            BW127 (Aus)                                    BC128     (Aus)
                                            BW128 (Aus)
BW197      (Aus)                                                                           BC16      (Aus)
                                            BW140 (Aus)
BW2        (Aus)                                                                           BC19      (Aus)
                                            BW16     (Aus)
BW78       (Aus)                            BW181 (Aus)
                                                                                           BC197     (Aus)
‘Velvick’ (Aus)                             BW19     (Aus)                                 BC62      (Aus)
                                            BW197 (Aus)                                    BC7       (Aus)
                                            BW2       (Aus)                                ‘Velvick’ (Aus)
                                            BW5       (Aus)
                                            BW6       (Aus)
                                            BW62     (Aus)
                                            BW68     (Aus)
                                            BW7       (Aus)
                                            BW70     (Aus)
                                            BW78     (Aus)
                                            BW80     (Aus)
                                            BW93     (Aus)
                                            ‘Velvick’ (Aus)

                                              © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Shepard




   © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Average yield per tree - 2009
                                                                                                                                 Rootstock                Tons / ha
                                       Avg Yield / tree - Shepard                                                                Ashdot                        8.18
                                                                                                                                 BW2                           6.93
                   55                                                                                                            BW78                          6.69
                   50                                                                                                            Degania                       6.13
 Yield (kg/tree)




                   45
                                                                                                                                 BW197                         5.96
                   40
                                                                                                                                 BM2                           5.52
                   35
                   30                                                                                                            Zutano                        5.50
                   25                                                                                                            Reed                          5.45
                   20                                                                                                            Velvick                       5.41




                                                                                         Velvick
                                                                      Zutano
                                              Degania




                                                                BM2




                                                                               Reed




                                                                                                               BM1
                        Ashdot

                                 BW2

                                       BW78




                                                        BW197




                                                                                                    BW18
                                                                                                                                 BW18                          4.90
                                                                                                                                 BM1                           4.27
                                                                                                                                 Spacing 11 x 5m: 180 trees / ha
 P=0.004




                                                                                 © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Tree size & effective yield
                                       Avg canopy volume - Shepard

                   350
 Canopy vol (m3)




                   300
                   250
                   200
                   150
                   100
                                                  Reed




                                                                Degania




                                                                                         BM2




                                                                                                        BM1
                                   BW197

                                           BW18




                                                         BW78




                                                                          BW2

                                                                                Zutano
                         Velvick




                                                                                               Ashdot
P<0.001

                                                                                                                                         Avg yield per canopy volume - Shepard

                                                                                                                               0.35

                                                                                                                                0.3




                                                                                                               Yield (kg/m3)
                                                                                                                               0.25

                                                                                                                                0.2

                                                                                                                               0.15

                                                                                                                                0.1




                                                                                                                                                            BM2

                                                                                                                                                                     Degania

                                                                                                                                                                               BM1




                                                                                                                                                                                              Reed
                                                                                                                                               BW2

                                                                                                                                                     BW78




                                                                                                                                                                                     Zutano




                                                                                                                                                                                                     BW197

                                                                                                                                                                                                             BW18

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Velvick
                                                                                                                                      Ashdot




                                                                                                              P<0.001

                                                                                                                          © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Cumulative yield (2006-2009)

                                   Avg cumulative yields (2006-2009) - Shepard

                             180
   Avg yield per tree (kg)




                             160
                             140
                             120
                             100
                              80
                              60
                              40
                              20
                               0
                                            Velvick




                                                                                                                 Zutano
                                                                        Degania




                                                                                                                               Reed


                                                                                                                                             BM2


                                                                                                                                                          BM1
                                   Ashdot




                                                      BW197


                                                              BW78




                                                                                     BW2


                                                                                                   BW18
   P<0.001                                                           2006         2007     2008           2009



                                                                                    © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Tree health rating and graft compatibility




                                © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Hass




  © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




                                                                                                                                                                                                         Rootstock       Tons / ha
                                                                                                                                                                                                         Ashdot              13.87
 Average yield per tree 2009 – seedling rootstocks                                                                                                                                                       BW78                13.45
                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW68                13.23

                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW70                12.03

                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW181               11.99

                                              Avg yield per tree - Hass on seedling rootstocks                                                                                                           BW140               11.84

                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW7                 11.67

                100                                                                                                                                                                                      Degania             11.55

                 80                                                                                                                                                                                      BW197               11.09
  Y ield (kg)




                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW19                10.52
                 60
                                                                                                                                                                                                         Zutano              10.48
                 40
                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW2                 10.43
                 20                                                                                                                                                                                      BW80                10.14
                 0                                                                                                                                                                                       BW6                 10.12
                                                                           Degania




                                                                                                                                                    Reed
                                BW78

                                       BW68

                                              BW70

                                                     BW181

                                                             BW140

                                                                     BW7



                                                                                     BW197

                                                                                             BW19

                                                                                                    Zutano

                                                                                                             BW2

                                                                                                                   BW80

                                                                                                                          BW6



                                                                                                                                             BW16



                                                                                                                                                           BW93

                                                                                                                                                                  BW128

                                                                                                                                                                          BW127

                                                                                                                                                                                  BW62

                                                                                                                                                                                           BW5
                                                                                                                                Velvick S
                      As hdot




                                                                                                                                                                                                         Velvick S            9.67

                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW16                 9.24
P=0.116
                                                                                                                                                                                                         Reed                 9.09

                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW93                 8.54

                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW128                8.37

                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW127                7.76

                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW62                 7.62

                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW5                  6.95

                                                                                                                                                                                                   Spacing 11 x 5m: 180 trees / ha

                                                                                                                                            © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Tree size & effective yield – seedling rootstocks
                                                                                                                                 Avg canopy volume - Hass on seedling rootstocks

                                                                                                       275

                                                                                                       250

                                                                                                       225




                                                                                     Canopy vol (m3)
                                                                                                       200

                                                                                                       175

                                                                                                       150

                                                                                                       125

                                                                                                       100




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Zutano
                                                                                                                                                                                    Degania


                                                                                                                                                                                                       Reed




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Ashdot
                                                                                                               BW5
                                                                                                                       BW16
                                                                                                                              BW127


                                                                                                                                                  BW128
                                                                                                                                                             BW181
                                                                                                                                                                     BW80
                                                                                                                                                                            BW6


                                                                                                                                                                                               BW140


                                                                                                                                                                                                              BW7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      BW78
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                BW2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        BW19
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               BW70
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW62
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  BW93


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  BW197
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          BW68
                                                                                                                                        Velvick
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          P<0.001

                                               Avg yield per canopy volume - Hass on seedling rootstocks

                               0.75
                               0.65
               Yield (kg/m3)




                               0.55
                               0.45
                               0.35
                               0.25
                               0.15
                                                                                                                              Degania




                                                                                                                                                                                                       Reed
                                                                             BW197

                                                                                             BW140




                                                                                                                                                          BW181




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 BW128

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                BW127
                                               BW68

                                                      Zutano

                                                               BW78

                                                                      BW70




                                                                                                         BW7

                                                                                                                     BW19



                                                                                                                                            BW2



                                                                                                                                                                     BW93

                                                                                                                                                                             BW80

                                                                                                                                                                                              BW6



                                                                                                                                                                                                               BW62



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        BW16




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         BW5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Velvick
                                      Ashdot




     P<0.001
                                                                                                                                                  © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Cumulative yield (2006-2009) – seedling rootstocks

                                    Avg cumulative yields - Hass on seedling rootstocks

                        250

                        200
  Avg yield (kg/tree)




                        150

                        100

                        50

                         0
                                     Degania




                                                                                                                                                                                                  Reed
                                                                                                                                   Velvick S
                              BW2




                                                        BW78

                                                               BW70

                                                                      BW7

                                                                            BW19

                                                                                   BW181

                                                                                           BW197

                                                                                                   BW140

                                                                                                             BW80

                                                                                                                    BW6

                                                                                                                           BW127



                                                                                                                                               BW62

                                                                                                                                                      BW16

                                                                                                                                                             BW93

                                                                                                                                                                    BW68

                                                                                                                                                                           BW5

                                                                                                                                                                                 BW128

                                                                                                                                                                                         Zutano
                                               Ashdot




        P<0.001                                                                            2006            2007     2008       2009




                                                                                                              © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




   Average yield per tree 2009 – clonal rootstocks
                                                                                                                                 Rootstock             Tons / ha
                                                                                                                                 BC62                         11.36
                                                                                                                                 BM2                          10.11

                               Avg yield per tree - Hass on clonal rootstocks                                                    BM1                          10.01
                                                                                                                                 BC7                           9.89
             80
             70
                                                                                                                                 Duke 7                        9.39
             60                                                                                                                  BC101                         9.10
Yield (kg)




             50
             40                                                                                                                  Velvick C                     8.56
             30
                                                                                                                                 BC197                         8.32
             20
             10                                                                                                                  BC16                          7.41
              0
                                                                                                                                 BC19                          7.20
                                                                 Velvick
                  BC62


                         BM2


                                   BM1


                                          BC7


                                                Duke 7


                                                         BC101




                                                                           BC197


                                                                                      BC16


                                                                                                  BC19


                                                                                                              BC128
                                                                                                                                 BC128                         4.20
P<0.001                                                                                                                          Spacing 11 x 5m: 180 trees / ha




                                                                                   © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Tree size & effective yield – clonal rootstocks
                                                                         Avg canopy volume - Hass on clonal rootstocks

                                                                240

                                                                220

                                                                200




                                              Canopy vol (m3)
                                                                180

                                                                160

                                                                140

                                                                120

                                                                100




                                                                                                                                        BM1


                                                                                                                                                     BM2




                                                                                                                                                                           Duke 7
                                                                             BC62


                                                                                    BC16


                                                                                           BC101


                                                                                                      BC19


                                                                                                                     BC197




                                                                                                                                                                    BC7




                                                                                                                                                                                    BC128
                                                                                                                              Velvick
                                                                                                                                                                                               P=0.001

                                                                 Avg yield per canopy volume - Hass on clonal rootstocks

                                   0.40

                                   0.30
                 Yield (kg /m 3)




                                   0.20

                                   0.10

                                   0.00
                                                                                                                                          V elvick
                                          Duke 7


                                                                      BM 2


                                                                                    B C7


                                                                                               BM 1


                                                                                                             B C62


                                                                                                                             B C101




                                                                                                                                                           B C197


                                                                                                                                                                          B C19


                                                                                                                                                                                       B C16


                                                                                                                                                                                                B C128
       P<0.001


                                                                                                                               © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Cumulative yield (2006-2009) – clonal rootstocks

                                     Avg cumulative yields - Hass on clonal rootstocks

                        250

                        200
  Avg Yield (kg/tree)




                        150

                        100

                         50

                          0



                                                                                Velvick
                              BC62



                                         BC101



                                                 BM2



                                                       BC197



                                                                  BC16




                                                                                                   BC19


                                                                                                                 BC7



                                                                                                                               BM1



                                                                                                                                             Duke 7



                                                                                                                                                           BC128
   P<0.001                                                     2006      2007             2008      2009




                                                                                          © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Tree health rating and graft compatibility




                                © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Conclusions
• Seedling rootstocks
   – Ashdot appear to be a dwarfing rootstock with both
     Hass and Shepard as scion,
   – Ashdot produced the highest yield and was the most
     productive rootstock

• Clonal rootstocks
   – BC62 has consistently produced the highest yield for
     the past 4 season and is the most vigorous tree



                               © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries




Acknowledgments
• Sincere thanks to:
   – Birdwood Nursery, Simpson Farm Pty Ltd, QDPI and HAL for
     their financial support
   – To Simpson Farm Pty Ltd for maintaining the trees and for
     providing the labour for the harvest
   – Rachael Langenbaker and the staff of the Bundaberg Research
     Station for their technical help




                                   © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009

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Danielle Le Lagadec

  • 1. The quest to find superior avocado rootstocks (AV07008) Danielle Le Lagadec & Terry Campbell Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries VC project: Simpson Farm Pty Ltd & Birdwood Nursery
  • 2. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Aim Identify superior rootstocks that have been excluded from existing Australian rootstock trials Trial site • Established in 2004 in Childers, Central Queensland • Trial extends over 4 ha • 11 rootstocks with Shepard as scion & 33 rootstocks with Hass as scion • Five replicated plots of three trees each per rootstock with a guard tree between each plot © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 3. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Trial site • Deep well drained red soils with low Pc pressure • Standard farm management practices Trial monitoring • Yields per tree, by mass and fruit number • Fruit quality assessments after cold storage • Tree health ratings in July (pre-flowering) • Graft compatibility rating • Measure tree vigour © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 4. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries ‘Shepard’ ‘Hass’ Seedling rootstocks Clonal rootstocks Seedling rootstocks Clonal rootstocks ‘Ashdot’ (Israel) BM1 (RSA) ‘Ashdot’ (Israel) BM1 (RSA) ‘Degania’ (Israel) BM2 (RSA) ‘Degania’ (Israel) BM2 (RSA) ‘Reed’ (USA) ‘Reed’ (USA) ‘Duke 7’ (USA) ‘Zutano’ (USA) ‘Zutano’ (USA) BC101 (Aus) BW18 (Aus) BW127 (Aus) BC128 (Aus) BW128 (Aus) BW197 (Aus) BC16 (Aus) BW140 (Aus) BW2 (Aus) BC19 (Aus) BW16 (Aus) BW78 (Aus) BW181 (Aus) BC197 (Aus) ‘Velvick’ (Aus) BW19 (Aus) BC62 (Aus) BW197 (Aus) BC7 (Aus) BW2 (Aus) ‘Velvick’ (Aus) BW5 (Aus) BW6 (Aus) BW62 (Aus) BW68 (Aus) BW7 (Aus) BW70 (Aus) BW78 (Aus) BW80 (Aus) BW93 (Aus) ‘Velvick’ (Aus) © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 5. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Shepard © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 6. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Average yield per tree - 2009 Rootstock Tons / ha Avg Yield / tree - Shepard Ashdot 8.18 BW2 6.93 55 BW78 6.69 50 Degania 6.13 Yield (kg/tree) 45 BW197 5.96 40 BM2 5.52 35 30 Zutano 5.50 25 Reed 5.45 20 Velvick 5.41 Velvick Zutano Degania BM2 Reed BM1 Ashdot BW2 BW78 BW197 BW18 BW18 4.90 BM1 4.27 Spacing 11 x 5m: 180 trees / ha P=0.004 © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 7. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Tree size & effective yield Avg canopy volume - Shepard 350 Canopy vol (m3) 300 250 200 150 100 Reed Degania BM2 BM1 BW197 BW18 BW78 BW2 Zutano Velvick Ashdot P<0.001 Avg yield per canopy volume - Shepard 0.35 0.3 Yield (kg/m3) 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 BM2 Degania BM1 Reed BW2 BW78 Zutano BW197 BW18 Velvick Ashdot P<0.001 © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 8. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Cumulative yield (2006-2009) Avg cumulative yields (2006-2009) - Shepard 180 Avg yield per tree (kg) 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Velvick Zutano Degania Reed BM2 BM1 Ashdot BW197 BW78 BW2 BW18 P<0.001 2006 2007 2008 2009 © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 9. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Tree health rating and graft compatibility © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 10. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Hass © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 11. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Rootstock Tons / ha Ashdot 13.87 Average yield per tree 2009 – seedling rootstocks BW78 13.45 BW68 13.23 BW70 12.03 BW181 11.99 Avg yield per tree - Hass on seedling rootstocks BW140 11.84 BW7 11.67 100 Degania 11.55 80 BW197 11.09 Y ield (kg) BW19 10.52 60 Zutano 10.48 40 BW2 10.43 20 BW80 10.14 0 BW6 10.12 Degania Reed BW78 BW68 BW70 BW181 BW140 BW7 BW197 BW19 Zutano BW2 BW80 BW6 BW16 BW93 BW128 BW127 BW62 BW5 Velvick S As hdot Velvick S 9.67 BW16 9.24 P=0.116 Reed 9.09 BW93 8.54 BW128 8.37 BW127 7.76 BW62 7.62 BW5 6.95 Spacing 11 x 5m: 180 trees / ha © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 12. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Tree size & effective yield – seedling rootstocks Avg canopy volume - Hass on seedling rootstocks 275 250 225 Canopy vol (m3) 200 175 150 125 100 Zutano Degania Reed Ashdot BW5 BW16 BW127 BW128 BW181 BW80 BW6 BW140 BW7 BW78 BW2 BW19 BW70 BW62 BW93 BW197 BW68 Velvick P<0.001 Avg yield per canopy volume - Hass on seedling rootstocks 0.75 0.65 Yield (kg/m3) 0.55 0.45 0.35 0.25 0.15 Degania Reed BW197 BW140 BW181 BW128 BW127 BW68 Zutano BW78 BW70 BW7 BW19 BW2 BW93 BW80 BW6 BW62 BW16 BW5 Velvick Ashdot P<0.001 © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 13. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Cumulative yield (2006-2009) – seedling rootstocks Avg cumulative yields - Hass on seedling rootstocks 250 200 Avg yield (kg/tree) 150 100 50 0 Degania Reed Velvick S BW2 BW78 BW70 BW7 BW19 BW181 BW197 BW140 BW80 BW6 BW127 BW62 BW16 BW93 BW68 BW5 BW128 Zutano Ashdot P<0.001 2006 2007 2008 2009 © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 14. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Average yield per tree 2009 – clonal rootstocks Rootstock Tons / ha BC62 11.36 BM2 10.11 Avg yield per tree - Hass on clonal rootstocks BM1 10.01 BC7 9.89 80 70 Duke 7 9.39 60 BC101 9.10 Yield (kg) 50 40 Velvick C 8.56 30 BC197 8.32 20 10 BC16 7.41 0 BC19 7.20 Velvick BC62 BM2 BM1 BC7 Duke 7 BC101 BC197 BC16 BC19 BC128 BC128 4.20 P<0.001 Spacing 11 x 5m: 180 trees / ha © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 15. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Tree size & effective yield – clonal rootstocks Avg canopy volume - Hass on clonal rootstocks 240 220 200 Canopy vol (m3) 180 160 140 120 100 BM1 BM2 Duke 7 BC62 BC16 BC101 BC19 BC197 BC7 BC128 Velvick P=0.001 Avg yield per canopy volume - Hass on clonal rootstocks 0.40 0.30 Yield (kg /m 3) 0.20 0.10 0.00 V elvick Duke 7 BM 2 B C7 BM 1 B C62 B C101 B C197 B C19 B C16 B C128 P<0.001 © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 16. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Cumulative yield (2006-2009) – clonal rootstocks Avg cumulative yields - Hass on clonal rootstocks 250 200 Avg Yield (kg/tree) 150 100 50 0 Velvick BC62 BC101 BM2 BC197 BC16 BC19 BC7 BM1 Duke 7 BC128 P<0.001 2006 2007 2008 2009 © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 17. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Tree health rating and graft compatibility © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 18. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Conclusions • Seedling rootstocks – Ashdot appear to be a dwarfing rootstock with both Hass and Shepard as scion, – Ashdot produced the highest yield and was the most productive rootstock • Clonal rootstocks – BC62 has consistently produced the highest yield for the past 4 season and is the most vigorous tree © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009
  • 19. Queensland Primary Industries and Fisheries Acknowledgments • Sincere thanks to: – Birdwood Nursery, Simpson Farm Pty Ltd, QDPI and HAL for their financial support – To Simpson Farm Pty Ltd for maintaining the trees and for providing the labour for the harvest – Rachael Langenbaker and the staff of the Bundaberg Research Station for their technical help © The State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2009