Daflon 1000 cvd
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This document discusses chronic venous disease and the treatment drug Daflon. It begins with an introduction to chronic venous disease and epidemiology studies showing its prevalence. It then discusses Daflon's active ingredients from rutaceae aurantiae, its efficacy in reducing symptoms compared to other treatments, and its recommendation in clinical guidelines for treating all stages of chronic venous disease. Studies show Daflon significantly reduces pain when used with medical procedures for chronic venous disease.
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Презентация2
This document provides biographical information about Dr. Goh and summarizes his expertise in endoscopy and treatment of hemorrhoids. It notes that Dr. Goh was the top student in his medical class, has pioneered many endoscopic procedures, and helped establish endoscopy centers in Singapore and Germany. The document then summarizes various treatment options for hemorrhoids including medications, injections, banding, stapling, and THD (Transanal Hemorrhoidal Artery Ligation), the latest minimally invasive technique developed in Italy. THD is described as a safe, painless outpatient procedure with quick recovery and good results in experienced hands.
Cipromega training
Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is highly effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It was the first quinolone developed that could be administered orally to treat serious infections. A new extended release formulation, CiproMega, was developed to provide the benefits of once daily dosing for improved patient compliance compared to the previous twice daily dosing. Clinical trials demonstrated CiproMega was as effective as, and in some cases more effective than, the previous twice daily dosing regimen with fewer side effects.
Clacef( cefuroxime + clavulanic acid) presentation
This document provides information about the presentation of the drug Clacef® tablet. It begins with introducing the drug and contact information for the product executive. It then provides background on antibiotics in general, how they work, what they are used to treat. It discusses cephalosporins specifically, their classification and mechanism of action. It describes cefuroxime, clavulanic acid, and how their combination works to overcome antibiotic resistance from beta-lactamase producing bacteria. The document reviews indications for Clacef® and provides market analysis data on cefuroxime-containing brands. It concludes with actions to take to promote Clacef® to doctors and ensure proper stocking in pharmacies.
SERMs
it reflects cancer especially, focuses on breast cancer, treatment and the current problems related with the drugs; so we can focus on the new targets to treat the disease.
Gliclazide MR in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
1) Diamicron MR 60 is a modified release formulation of the sulfonylurea gliclazide that provides glycemic control with once daily dosing and a lower risk of hypoglycemia compared to other sulfonylureas like glimepiride.
2) Clinical studies show that Diamicron MR 60 can reduce HbA1c by more than 1.9% within 6 months with little risk of hypoglycemia or weight gain.
3) Diamicron MR 60 maintains effective glycemic control and has the lowest risk of hypoglycemia, making it a suitable treatment for Muslim patients fasting during Ramadan.
Levofloxacin
Levofloxacin is the isolated levo isomer of ofloxacin, which allows for once daily dosing. It has superior efficacy to other fluoroquinolones like ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Levofloxacin achieves high concentrations in tissues and body fluids, making it effective against common pathogens causing respiratory, urinary, skin and soft tissue infections. It demonstrates rapid bactericidal activity and lower resistance development compared to other fluoroquinolones. Guidelines recommend levofloxacin as first-line therapy for various infections.
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Презентация2
This document provides biographical information about Dr. Goh and summarizes his expertise in endoscopy and treatment of hemorrhoids. It notes that Dr. Goh was the top student in his medical class, has pioneered many endoscopic procedures, and helped establish endoscopy centers in Singapore and Germany. The document then summarizes various treatment options for hemorrhoids including medications, injections, banding, stapling, and THD (Transanal Hemorrhoidal Artery Ligation), the latest minimally invasive technique developed in Italy. THD is described as a safe, painless outpatient procedure with quick recovery and good results in experienced hands.
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Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is highly effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It was the first quinolone developed that could be administered orally to treat serious infections. A new extended release formulation, CiproMega, was developed to provide the benefits of once daily dosing for improved patient compliance compared to the previous twice daily dosing. Clinical trials demonstrated CiproMega was as effective as, and in some cases more effective than, the previous twice daily dosing regimen with fewer side effects.
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it reflects cancer especially, focuses on breast cancer, treatment and the current problems related with the drugs; so we can focus on the new targets to treat the disease.
Gliclazide MR in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
1) Diamicron MR 60 is a modified release formulation of the sulfonylurea gliclazide that provides glycemic control with once daily dosing and a lower risk of hypoglycemia compared to other sulfonylureas like glimepiride.
2) Clinical studies show that Diamicron MR 60 can reduce HbA1c by more than 1.9% within 6 months with little risk of hypoglycemia or weight gain.
3) Diamicron MR 60 maintains effective glycemic control and has the lowest risk of hypoglycemia, making it a suitable treatment for Muslim patients fasting during Ramadan.
Levofloxacin
Levofloxacin is the isolated levo isomer of ofloxacin, which allows for once daily dosing. It has superior efficacy to other fluoroquinolones like ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Levofloxacin achieves high concentrations in tissues and body fluids, making it effective against common pathogens causing respiratory, urinary, skin and soft tissue infections. It demonstrates rapid bactericidal activity and lower resistance development compared to other fluoroquinolones. Guidelines recommend levofloxacin as first-line therapy for various infections.
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Peptic ulcer disease
The document defines peptic ulcer disease as erosion of the GI mucosa from HCL acid and pepsin. Common sites are the lower esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Risk factors include H. pylori infection, smoking, NSAIDs, and stress. Symptoms include epigastric pain, nausea, and tarry stools. Diagnosis involves endoscopy, blood tests, and breath tests for H. pylori. Treatment focuses on reducing acid with PPIs and antibiotics for H. pylori infection. Surgery may be needed for complications like bleeding or perforation. Long term management involves lifestyle changes and continued medication use.
Cmv and valganciclovir
Valganciclovir is a prodrug of ganciclovir used for CMV prophylaxis and treatment. A key study (PV16000) found that valganciclovir prophylaxis for 100 days was as effective as oral ganciclovir for preventing CMV disease in high-risk transplant patients. Valganciclovir had a higher bioavailability than oral ganciclovir but was associated with a higher rate of neutropenia as an adverse effect. Long-term follow up of patients in the VICTOR study found rates of CMV disease recurrence after stopping prophylaxis of 15.1% at 1 year. Factors like viral load at baseline and
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This document discusses drugs used to treat hepatitis B and C. It covers the pharmacology of lamivudine, entecavir, tenofovir, ribavirin, interferon alpha, and newer direct-acting antiviral drugs. Entecavir and tenofovir are recommended as first-line treatments for chronic hepatitis B. Ribavirin combined with interferon is a standard regimen for hepatitis C, though newer non-interferon combinations using ribavirin with direct-acting antivirals are also used. All anti-hepatitis drugs suppress viral replication and induce remission but do not cure the infection, requiring long-term treatment to prevent complications from recurring disease.
Drugs for diarrhoea
This document discusses drugs used to treat diarrhoea. It describes three main types of diarrhoea - osmotic, secretory, and motility-related. Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is recommended to treat dehydration from diarrhoea. Various drugs are also discussed including absorbents, antisecretory agents like sulfasalazine, antimotility drugs like loperamide and codeine, antibiotics, and probiotics. Antimotility drugs work by reducing intestinal motility and secretion to decrease stool frequency and liquidity. The careful use of these drugs along with rehydration can help treat different causes of diarrhoea.
Management of cvd + t2 dm
This document summarizes findings from several studies related to cardiovascular protection in type 2 diabetes patients. It begins by noting that atherosclerosis and diabetes often have common antecedents. A framingham offspring study found that 2/3 of diabetes patients have subclinical cardiovascular disease, which increases their cardiovascular risk 4-fold. Another study found that 66-74% of asymptomatic South Asian type 2 diabetes patients have coronary artery disease. The document then notes that subclinical cardiovascular disease affects over 2/3 of diabetes patients, and that cardiovascular complications form a progressive continuum in type 2 diabetes, with heart failure developing early. It reviews findings on cardiovascular risk prior to diabetes diagnosis and the cardiovascular risk continuum in dysglycemia. The document discusses challenges with long
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Revefenacin is a once-daily nebulized long-acting muscarinic antagonist approved for the maintenance treatment of COPD that works by selectively inhibiting bronchonstriction-causing M3 receptors in the lungs. It was found to be generally well-tolerated in clinical trials with common side effects including cough and headache. Revefenacin addresses a need for additional nebulized maintenance treatment options for COPD patients who have difficulty using handheld inhaler devices.
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Peptic ulcer management in the era of nsaid
This document discusses the risks of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in causing gastrointestinal complications and the role of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in managing these risks. It provides evidence that PPIs are effective in healing and preventing gastric ulcers in patients taking NSAIDs, including COX-2 selective NSAIDs. The document specifically highlights studies showing esomeprazole to be more effective than other PPIs at reducing acid secretion and ulcer formation in this high-risk patient population.
Pharmacology OSCE
This document contains 10 multiple choice questions about pharmacology. It asks the reader to identify drugs, their indications, mechanisms of action, side effects, and dosing instructions. Some key points addressed include the treatment of bacterial meningitis, emergency contraception, asthma medications, oral rehydration solution ingredients and administration, classes of laxatives, antiviral drugs, and the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.
Beta lactamase inhibitors
Beta lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam, and avibactam work to inhibit beta-lactamase enzymes produced by bacteria that provide resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins. They bind to and inactivate the beta-lactamase enzymes. When combined with beta-lactam antibiotics, the inhibitors can help the antibiotics overcome resistance and be effective against infections. Common combinations include amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ceftazidime-avibactam which are used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.
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Essential update: FDA approves subcutaneous albiglutide for management of DM2
The FDA has approved once-weekly injectable albiglutide (Tanzeum), a glucagonlike peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, along with diet and exercise for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.[1, 2] This agent may be used either as monotherapy or in combination with metformin, glimepiride, pioglitazone, or insulin.
Albiglutide should not be used for the following[1, 2] :
Patients with type 1 diabetes
Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis
First-line therapy in patients who can’t be managed with diet and exercise
Patients who have a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC)
Patients who have multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2
The most common adverse reactions associated with albiglutide were nausea/diarrhea and injection-site reactions.
There will be a boxed warning on albiglutide’s labeling about thyroid C-cell tumors being observed in rodent studies with this class of drugs; it is currently unknown whether albiglutide causes these tumors in humans, including MTC.[1, 2] Moreover, the FDA is also requiring a number of postmarketing studies, including a pediatric trial; an MTC case registry (≥15 y); and a cardiovascular (CV)-outcomes trial in patients with a baseline high risk of CV disease.
Signs and symptoms
Many patients with type 2 diabetes are asymptomatic. Clinical manifestations include the following:
Classic symptoms: Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss
Blurred vision
Lower-extremity paresthesias
Yeast infections (eg, balanitis in men)
See Presentation for more detail.
Diagnosis
Diagnostic criteria by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) include the following[3] :
A fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher, or
A 2-hour plasma glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), or
A random plasma glucose of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher in a patient with classic symptoms of hyperglycemia or hyperglycemic crisis
Whether a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of 6.5% or higher should be a primary diagnostic criterion or an optional criterion remains a point of controversy.
Indications for diabetes screening in asymptomatic adults includes the following[4, 5] :
Sustained blood pressure >135/80 mm Hg
Overweight and 1 or more other risk factors for diabetes (eg, first-degree relative with diabetes, BP >140/90 mm Hg, and HDL < 35 mg/dL and/or triglyceride level >250 mg/dL)
ADA recommends screening at age 45 years in the absence of the above criteria
See Workup for more detail.
Pharmacotherapy of ibd
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD includes two major subtypes, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, which are characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract. Treatment aims to induce and maintain remission of symptoms. First-line therapies include 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs and glucocorticoids. For cases that are steroid-dependent or resistant, immunosuppressants like azathioprine and anti-TNFα antibodies such as infliximab are used. Supportive care involves nutritional supplementation, antidiarrheals, and in severe cases of Crohn's, total parenteral nutrition may be given.
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS AND CARDIOVASCULAR SAFETY.pptx
Efonidipine is a calcium channel blocker that uniquely blocks L-type, N-type, and T-type calcium channels. It has potent antihypertensive effects and provides cardiovascular protection through multiple mechanisms. These include reducing myocardial oxygen demand, improving endothelial function, attenuating platelet activation, and inhibiting aldosterone levels. Efonidipine also has protective effects on the kidneys, brain, and metabolic function. It has an excellent safety profile with minimal side effects like pedal edema compared to other calcium channel blockers.
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This document provides an overview of quinolones, including their history, classification, mechanisms of action, resistance, pharmacokinetics, uses, adverse effects and interactions. It discusses the four generations of quinolones and specific drugs within each generation. The first generation includes nalidixic acid and is used primarily for UTIs. Later generations have expanded gram positive and atypical pathogen coverage. Common uses include RTIs, UTIs, gastrointestinal and skin infections. Adverse effects include CNS effects, phototoxicity and gastrointestinal issues. Quinolones can interact with NSAIDs, theophylline and antacids. Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin are discussed in more depth.
Hypertension with comorbidity
Association and prevalence of different comorbidities in hypertension and management with focus guidelines with benefits & choice of different antihypertensives in different comorbidities.
Chronic gastroenteritis case prasentation
This document summarizes a case of gastroenteritis in a 30-year-old male patient. The patient presented with fever, chills, abdominal pain, and loose stools for 3 days. Examination found normal vital signs except a history of fever. Laboratory tests showed mildly elevated eosinophils and slightly low electrolytes. The patient was diagnosed with chronic gastroenteritis and treated with IV and oral rehydration, antibiotics, antiemetics, antidiarrheals, and probiotics. He was discharged with medications including an antiemetic and antidiarrheal to continue as needed.
GOLD Reports 2018 FULL
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Evidence-based strategy document for COPD diagnosis, management, and prevention, with citations from the scientific literature.
Gold slide set_2017
This slide set provides an overview of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It defines COPD as a common lung disease characterized by airflow limitation caused by exposure to noxious particles or gases. The slide set outlines the GOLD board of directors and science committee, lists national leaders, and describes the objectives, evidence levels, and chapters covered in the 2017 GOLD report on defining, diagnosing, preventing, and managing COPD.
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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the colon. It is characterized by inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine. The exact cause is unknown but there is a genetic component. Symptoms include diarrhea mixed with blood, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Treatment involves medications to induce and maintain remission of symptoms, with the goal of mucosal healing of the colon. Complications can include toxic megacolon, colorectal cancer, and inflammation in other parts of the body.
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The document defines peptic ulcer disease as erosion of the GI mucosa from HCL acid and pepsin. Common sites are the lower esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Risk factors include H. pylori infection, smoking, NSAIDs, and stress. Symptoms include epigastric pain, nausea, and tarry stools. Diagnosis involves endoscopy, blood tests, and breath tests for H. pylori. Treatment focuses on reducing acid with PPIs and antibiotics for H. pylori infection. Surgery may be needed for complications like bleeding or perforation. Long term management involves lifestyle changes and continued medication use.
Cmv and valganciclovir
Valganciclovir is a prodrug of ganciclovir used for CMV prophylaxis and treatment. A key study (PV16000) found that valganciclovir prophylaxis for 100 days was as effective as oral ganciclovir for preventing CMV disease in high-risk transplant patients. Valganciclovir had a higher bioavailability than oral ganciclovir but was associated with a higher rate of neutropenia as an adverse effect. Long-term follow up of patients in the VICTOR study found rates of CMV disease recurrence after stopping prophylaxis of 15.1% at 1 year. Factors like viral load at baseline and
Antihepatitis drugs
This document discusses drugs used to treat hepatitis B and C. It covers the pharmacology of lamivudine, entecavir, tenofovir, ribavirin, interferon alpha, and newer direct-acting antiviral drugs. Entecavir and tenofovir are recommended as first-line treatments for chronic hepatitis B. Ribavirin combined with interferon is a standard regimen for hepatitis C, though newer non-interferon combinations using ribavirin with direct-acting antivirals are also used. All anti-hepatitis drugs suppress viral replication and induce remission but do not cure the infection, requiring long-term treatment to prevent complications from recurring disease.
Drugs for diarrhoea
This document discusses drugs used to treat diarrhoea. It describes three main types of diarrhoea - osmotic, secretory, and motility-related. Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is recommended to treat dehydration from diarrhoea. Various drugs are also discussed including absorbents, antisecretory agents like sulfasalazine, antimotility drugs like loperamide and codeine, antibiotics, and probiotics. Antimotility drugs work by reducing intestinal motility and secretion to decrease stool frequency and liquidity. The careful use of these drugs along with rehydration can help treat different causes of diarrhoea.
Management of cvd + t2 dm
This document summarizes findings from several studies related to cardiovascular protection in type 2 diabetes patients. It begins by noting that atherosclerosis and diabetes often have common antecedents. A framingham offspring study found that 2/3 of diabetes patients have subclinical cardiovascular disease, which increases their cardiovascular risk 4-fold. Another study found that 66-74% of asymptomatic South Asian type 2 diabetes patients have coronary artery disease. The document then notes that subclinical cardiovascular disease affects over 2/3 of diabetes patients, and that cardiovascular complications form a progressive continuum in type 2 diabetes, with heart failure developing early. It reviews findings on cardiovascular risk prior to diabetes diagnosis and the cardiovascular risk continuum in dysglycemia. The document discusses challenges with long
Revefenacin
Revefenacin is a once-daily nebulized long-acting muscarinic antagonist approved for the maintenance treatment of COPD that works by selectively inhibiting bronchonstriction-causing M3 receptors in the lungs. It was found to be generally well-tolerated in clinical trials with common side effects including cough and headache. Revefenacin addresses a need for additional nebulized maintenance treatment options for COPD patients who have difficulty using handheld inhaler devices.
Sexually transmitted infections
The document discusses drugs used to treat sexually transmitted infections. It begins by defining key terms like venereal disease, sexually transmitted disease, and sexually transmitted infection. It then covers the etiological classification of STIs, listing the causative organisms for various conditions. The majority of the document discusses treatment for specific STIs, including drugs, doses, and regimens used to treat infections like syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, herpes, and HIV/AIDS. It also covers the syndromic approach for STI treatment, which classifies infections according to clinical manifestations and recommends therapy using clinical algorithms.
Peptic ulcer management in the era of nsaid
This document discusses the risks of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in causing gastrointestinal complications and the role of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in managing these risks. It provides evidence that PPIs are effective in healing and preventing gastric ulcers in patients taking NSAIDs, including COX-2 selective NSAIDs. The document specifically highlights studies showing esomeprazole to be more effective than other PPIs at reducing acid secretion and ulcer formation in this high-risk patient population.
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This document contains 10 multiple choice questions about pharmacology. It asks the reader to identify drugs, their indications, mechanisms of action, side effects, and dosing instructions. Some key points addressed include the treatment of bacterial meningitis, emergency contraception, asthma medications, oral rehydration solution ingredients and administration, classes of laxatives, antiviral drugs, and the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.
Beta lactamase inhibitors
Beta lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam, and avibactam work to inhibit beta-lactamase enzymes produced by bacteria that provide resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins. They bind to and inactivate the beta-lactamase enzymes. When combined with beta-lactam antibiotics, the inhibitors can help the antibiotics overcome resistance and be effective against infections. Common combinations include amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ceftazidime-avibactam which are used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.
Brian Covello: Diabetes Research Proposal
Brian Covello's diabetes research proposal. Type 2 diabetes mellitus consists of an array of dysfunctions characterized by hyperglycemia and resulting from the combination of resistance to insulin action, inadequate insulin secretion, and excessive or inappropriate glucagon secretion.
Essential update: FDA approves subcutaneous albiglutide for management of DM2
The FDA has approved once-weekly injectable albiglutide (Tanzeum), a glucagonlike peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, along with diet and exercise for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.[1, 2] This agent may be used either as monotherapy or in combination with metformin, glimepiride, pioglitazone, or insulin.
Albiglutide should not be used for the following[1, 2] :
Patients with type 1 diabetes
Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis
First-line therapy in patients who can’t be managed with diet and exercise
Patients who have a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC)
Patients who have multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2
The most common adverse reactions associated with albiglutide were nausea/diarrhea and injection-site reactions.
There will be a boxed warning on albiglutide’s labeling about thyroid C-cell tumors being observed in rodent studies with this class of drugs; it is currently unknown whether albiglutide causes these tumors in humans, including MTC.[1, 2] Moreover, the FDA is also requiring a number of postmarketing studies, including a pediatric trial; an MTC case registry (≥15 y); and a cardiovascular (CV)-outcomes trial in patients with a baseline high risk of CV disease.
Signs and symptoms
Many patients with type 2 diabetes are asymptomatic. Clinical manifestations include the following:
Classic symptoms: Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss
Blurred vision
Lower-extremity paresthesias
Yeast infections (eg, balanitis in men)
See Presentation for more detail.
Diagnosis
Diagnostic criteria by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) include the following[3] :
A fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher, or
A 2-hour plasma glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), or
A random plasma glucose of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or higher in a patient with classic symptoms of hyperglycemia or hyperglycemic crisis
Whether a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of 6.5% or higher should be a primary diagnostic criterion or an optional criterion remains a point of controversy.
Indications for diabetes screening in asymptomatic adults includes the following[4, 5] :
Sustained blood pressure >135/80 mm Hg
Overweight and 1 or more other risk factors for diabetes (eg, first-degree relative with diabetes, BP >140/90 mm Hg, and HDL < 35 mg/dL and/or triglyceride level >250 mg/dL)
ADA recommends screening at age 45 years in the absence of the above criteria
See Workup for more detail.
Pharmacotherapy of ibd
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD includes two major subtypes, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, which are characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract. Treatment aims to induce and maintain remission of symptoms. First-line therapies include 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs and glucocorticoids. For cases that are steroid-dependent or resistant, immunosuppressants like azathioprine and anti-TNFα antibodies such as infliximab are used. Supportive care involves nutritional supplementation, antidiarrheals, and in severe cases of Crohn's, total parenteral nutrition may be given.
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This document provides an overview of quinolones, including their history, classification, mechanisms of action, resistance, pharmacokinetics, uses, adverse effects and interactions. It discusses the four generations of quinolones and specific drugs within each generation. The first generation includes nalidixic acid and is used primarily for UTIs. Later generations have expanded gram positive and atypical pathogen coverage. Common uses include RTIs, UTIs, gastrointestinal and skin infections. Adverse effects include CNS effects, phototoxicity and gastrointestinal issues. Quinolones can interact with NSAIDs, theophylline and antacids. Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin are discussed in more depth.
Hypertension with comorbidity
Association and prevalence of different comorbidities in hypertension and management with focus guidelines with benefits & choice of different antihypertensives in different comorbidities.
Chronic gastroenteritis case prasentation
This document summarizes a case of gastroenteritis in a 30-year-old male patient. The patient presented with fever, chills, abdominal pain, and loose stools for 3 days. Examination found normal vital signs except a history of fever. Laboratory tests showed mildly elevated eosinophils and slightly low electrolytes. The patient was diagnosed with chronic gastroenteritis and treated with IV and oral rehydration, antibiotics, antiemetics, antidiarrheals, and probiotics. He was discharged with medications including an antiemetic and antidiarrheal to continue as needed.
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Similar to Daflon 1000 cvd
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This slide set provides an overview of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It defines COPD as a common lung disease characterized by airflow limitation caused by exposure to noxious particles or gases. The slide set outlines the GOLD board of directors and science committee, lists national leaders, and describes the objectives, evidence levels, and chapters covered in the 2017 GOLD report on defining, diagnosing, preventing, and managing COPD.
Gold slide set_2017
This slide set provides an overview of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It defines COPD as a common lung disease characterized by airflow limitation caused by exposure to noxious particles or gases. The slide set outlines the GOLD board of directors and science committee, lists national leaders, and describes the objectives, evidence levels, and chapters covered in the 2017 GOLD report on defining, diagnosing, preventing, and managing COPD.
goldslideset2017-171019075819.pptx
The document discusses the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) which provides guidelines for the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It outlines the GOLD board of directors and science committee for 2017. It also discusses the objectives, levels of evidence, and chapters contained in the 2017 GOLD report, including definition and overview, diagnosis and initial assessment, management of stable COPD, management of exacerbations, and COPD and comorbidities.
Evolution of interventional nephrology. prof. hussein sheashaa (1)
This document discusses the evolution of interventional nephrology over time. It summarizes key developments including the first use of hemodialysis shunts and percutaneous catheters in the 1960s, the growing role of nephrologists in vascular access procedures and peritoneal dialysis catheter placement in the 1990s-2000s, and the establishment of dedicated dialysis access centers in the 2010s to improve vascular access outcomes. It also outlines the expanding scope of interventional nephrology training programs to include procedures like biopsy, angioplasty, and fistula maturation.
Department of nephrology 2012 eng
The Department of Nephrology at the School of Medicine has several goals for its training program including learning a biopsychosocial approach to patient care, pursuing patient-centered research experiences, and participating in community health improvement activities. The department was established in 1992 and currently has five faculty members led by Dr. T. Ariunaa. The department covers all aspects of nephrology and provides primary care to patients with chronic kidney disease. Areas of research focus include studies on chronic kidney disease epidemiology and risk factors. The training program prepares fellows for academic or clinical nephrology careers and offers opportunities for research training.
CV kristin Engebretsenfl2
This document provides a summary of Kristin Engebretsen's education, certifications, professional experience, publications, and areas of expertise. She has a Doctor of Pharmacy degree from the University of Minnesota and post-doctorate residency in toxicology. She is a licensed pharmacist in Minnesota and board certified in medical toxicology. Her professional experience includes roles as a clinical toxicologist at Regions Hospital and professor at the University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy. She has authored numerous publications in peer-reviewed journals on topics such as high-dose insulin therapy, drug overdose treatment, and medical toxicology.
Short editor overview 2018
Efriyan Krishkov has over 15 years of experience editing scientific manuscripts for non-native English speakers. He has edited over 1000 manuscripts covering a wide range of medical topics, including preventive and alternative medicine, cancer research, drug discovery, immunology, proteomics, and pharmacology. He is a member of editorial boards for several scientific journals and has edited published articles in fields such as cardiology, cell biology, chemistry, and more.
Clinical guidelines on Management of Dengue fever
This document provides guidelines for the clinical management of dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. It begins with an introduction to dengue epidemiology in India, noting that all four dengue virus serotypes are present and outbreaks regularly occur between July and November. Chapter 2 discusses the epidemiological factors involved, including the dengue virus agent, the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector, and environmental factors that determine endemicity. Proper management of dengue cases is important given the lack of treatment or vaccine.
Osteoporosis Overview 2021 by Linus Lay
Presented by Linus Lay, Pharm.D. Candidate from the University of Rhode Island Class of 2022.
This presentation is on behalf of the Hackettstown Medical Center Pharmacy at Hackettstown, New Jersey as part of Continuing Education.
The Osteoporosis Overview goes over a brief introduction to osteoporosis and current/updated treatment guidelines based on global usage, drug effectiveness, and American association of clinical endocrinologists.
View MyCred Portfolio: https://mycred.com/p/2929377185
Nursing Action to Improve the Quality of Life in Patiemt With Congesstive Hea...
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CV Gabriella Di Stefano 4 feb 2016
Gabriella Di Stefano has over 15 years of experience in research and instruction. She holds a PhD in Translational Medicine from the University of L'Aquila and has worked as a research scholar at Case Western Reserve University. Her research focuses on skin wound healing, platelet rich plasma, and inflammatory bowel diseases. She has published papers in peer-reviewed journals and presented her work at conferences.
73rd Publication- JPBS- 7th Name.pdf
This study aimed to design and validate a new risk scoring system to predict cardiovascular (CV) events in COVID-19 patients. The researchers conducted a retrospective study of 1000 COVID-19 patients divided into two groups. Ten independent risk factors for CV events were identified, including male gender, older age, chronic heart disease, low lymphocyte count, elevated blood urea nitrogen, and decreased kidney function. A risk scoring system was developed based on these factors and validated in the second patient group. CV events were found to be significantly associated with worse patient outcomes. The new risk score may help predict CV complications in COVID-19 infected individuals.
Nephrology & Therapeutics
3rd International Conference on Nephrology & Therapeutics, will be organized around the theme "Identifying & understanding the new, advanced approaches in Nephrology for better renal health."
Running head LITERATURE REVIEW 1LITERATURE REVIEW 2Daily Chlo.docx
Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW 1
LITERATURE REVIEW 2Daily Chlorhexidine(CHG) Bath in Oncology Patients to Prevent Hospital Acquired Infections(HAIs)
Introduction Comment by Stacey Minor: This should be after the title from title age and should be bold
Daily Chlorhexidine(CHG) Bath in Oncology Patients to Prevent Hospital Acquired Infections (HAIs)
Health-care-associated infections (HAIs) are infection patients catch while hospitalized, are getting a mounting sum of attention. Substantial skin microbial occupation aids in the spread and growth of HAIs (Denny & Munro, 2017). According to Donskey and Deshpande, (2016), “Patients colonized or infected with health care-associated pathogens often carry the organisms on their skin. Such contamination may lead to infection when factors such as devices, catheters, and wounds provide a route for pathogens on skin to reach normally sterile sites”. For instance, Pagan, (2016) stated that approximately 250,000 CLABSIs manifest in patients with central lines every year. Expenses for treatment of CLABSI is between sixteen thousand ($16,000) to twenty-nine ($29,000) for each infection, the effect is prolonged hospitalization, and an increased percentage of death, up to 35%. Additionally, Waknine, ( 2013) also stated that notwithstanding prevalent application of evidence based practice , up to $9.8 billion is disbursed yearly for management of HAIs, hence infection from wound post operatively is the most expensive to treat..]Comment by Stacey Minor: Should have and between
Nevertheless, skin infection can correspondingly be a contributory factor to the spread of pathogens because of environmental peeling and transference to the hands of employees. Consequently, there is a solid validation for efforts to diminish the problem of microorganism on skin (Donskey & Deshpande, 2016, P 17). Therefore, the aim for this work is to evaluate previously written literatures supportive of the writer’s PICOT statement “In Adult Oncology patients, does daily bathing using chlorhexidine gluconate compared to use of soap and water affect the incidence of HAIs (CLABSI) throughout period of hospitalization”. This work will also categorically identify evidences in the peer reviewed literatures. Additionally, the outline, comparing of research questions, sample populations, limitations of the study, conclusion and recommendation will be part of this work.
Comparing of Research Questions
In every research answering the stated research problem is the most important aspect of the study. In the literatures reviewed, the writer noted that most of the stated problems are unique in their respective ways, but all established the need for eradicating/ preventing HAIs using daily CHG bath. Climo, Yokoe, and Warren, (2013) in their study questioned effectiveness of daily bathing with chlorhexidine-impregnated washcloths on the acquisition of MDROs and the incidence of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections, the researchers us.
Venous Thromboembolism (VTE): Recent Advances in Reducing the Disease Burden
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is estimated that there are 900,000 cases of VTE per year in the US.
- Recent clinical trials have found that the direct oral anticoagulants rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban and dabigatran are non-inferior to standard therapy for treating VTE and reduce the risk of recurrence, while having a similar or lower risk of bleeding.
- The EINSTEIN DVT and EINSTEIN PE trials found that rivaroxaban was non-infer
Evidence based practice for dvt prophylaxis - power point
The document discusses evidence-based research on DVT prophylaxis for hospitalized patients. It reviews 4 sources that found Lovenox to be more effective than compression stockings alone in preventing DVTs. The suggested innovation is developing individualized DVT prophylaxis plans for patients based on their risk factors. The implementation process outlines using Kotter's change model to get buy-in from nurses and doctors and establish the new protocol.
Evidence based practice for dvt prophylaxis - power point
The document discusses evidence-based research on DVT prophylaxis for hospitalized patients. It reviews 4 sources that found Lovenox to be more effective than compression stockings alone in preventing DVTs. The suggested innovation is developing individualized DVT prophylaxis plans for patients based on their risk factors. The implementation process outlines using Kotter's change model to get buy-in from nurses and doctors and establish the new protocol.
Evidence-Based Practice For DVT Prophylaxis Power Point
The document discusses evidence-based research on DVT prophylaxis for hospitalized patients. It reviews 4 sources that found Lovenox to be more effective than compression stockings alone in preventing DVTs. The suggested innovation is developing individualized DVT prophylaxis plans for patients based on their risk factors. The implementation process outlines using Kotter's change model to get buy-in from nurses and doctors and establish the new protocol.
8th Middle East Paediatrics Conference
The 8th Middle East Paediatrics Conference is the must attend paediatrics conference of the year, featuring 12 different sessions over the course of three days. Expert doctors coming from the USA, UK and the Middle East come together to discuss the latest topics, as well as to distribute the most up-to-date information on the management of different paediatric diseases and conditions.
Activity directors:
Dr Jaishen Rajah, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City
Dr Giovanni Piedimonte, Cleveland Clinic
Who should attend:
Paediatricians
Paediatric Consultants/Specialists
Family Medicine Physicians
General Practitioners
Neonatologists
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Evolution of interventional nephrology. prof. hussein sheashaa (1)
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Venous Thromboembolism (VTE): Recent Advances in Reducing the Disease Burden
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Trends on management of superficial venous disease
Many people suffer from venous disease. A good percentage of them are having superficial venous disease. Mostly these diseases are neglected due to ignorance or lack of awareness. Here is a brief description on management of superficial venous disease.
Acute limb ischemia
The document summarizes acute limb ischemia, including its causes, presentation, classification, diagnosis, and treatment. It defines acute limb ischemia as a sudden decrease in limb perfusion threatening limb viability. Common causes are embolism, thrombosis, and vasospasm. Diagnosis is clinical, and imaging such as CTA, ultrasound, and angiography can help determine the level and severity of obstruction. Treatment depends on the classification of ischemia severity and may include anticoagulation, endovascular interventions such as thrombectomy, or open surgical revascularization to restore blood flow and preserve the limb. Complications can include reperfusion effects, compartment syndrome, and ischemic contracture.
Update on negative pressure wound therapy for venous leg ulcer
This document discusses negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) for treating venous leg ulcers. It provides a brief history of NPWT, describing its use since ancient times and developments over the 20th century. The document outlines the procedure for NPWT, indications for its use, potential complications, and monitoring of wound healing. Several studies are summarized that show NPWT is effective at increasing wound healing rates and reducing costs compared to conventional dressings for venous leg ulcers.
ROLE OF ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX TO PREDICT PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE, A STUDY ...
ROLE OF ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX TO PREDICT PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE, A STUDY ...Shantonu Kumar Ghosh
The presence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, regardless of gender or its clinical form of presentation (symptomatic or asymptomatic). PAD is considered an independent predictor for cardiovascular mortality, more important for survival than clinical history of coronary artery disease.¹
The ankle brachial index (ABI) is a sensitive and cost-effective screening tool for PAD. ABI is valuable for screening of peripheral artery disease in patients at risk and for diagnosing the disease in patients who present with lower-extremity symptoms. Normal cut-off values for ABI are between 0.9 and 1.4. An abnormal ankle-brachial index- below 0.9 - is a powerful independent marker of cardiovascular risk.²
Vascular surgery in Bangladesh: where do we stand
Bangladesh
Small country according to it’s land, only 56,980 square mile.
Large population (180 million as on july 2019).
Population density - 2,889.45/square mile
Rank- 10th in the world.
The emerging tiger of Asia
Huge population is the strength
Skilled manpower working all over the world
Earning billions of dollars
Stronger economy- fastest growing in South Asia
Growing fast in infrastructure, knowledge and science
Lower middle income country
Hospital
Hospital beds – 4 (per 10,000 population) (WHO-2015)
Density of physicians - 3.0 (per 10,000 population)
Vascular centers in the country:
04 (Government Hospital and University) – 3 in Capital
07 (Private) – all in Capital
Government free beds – 30 (male + female)
Endovascular facilities – 7 centers
Vascular Surgery
Total number of vascular surgeons - 36 (as on September 2019) for 180 million people
Population per vascular surgeon: 5.00 million !!!
QUALITY OF LIFE AS A PREDICTOR OF POST OPERATIVE OUTCOME FOLLOWING REVASCULAR...
QUALITY OF LIFE AS A PREDICTOR OF POST OPERATIVE OUTCOME FOLLOWING REVASCULAR...Shantonu Kumar Ghosh
World Health Organization (WHO) defines quality of life as an individual’s perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns.8
QOL encompasses the concept of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and other domains such as environment, family and work. HRQOL is the extent to which one’s usual or expected physical, emotional and social well-being is affected by a medical condition or its treatment.9
For patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease (PAD), quality of life (QoL) has become as important as medical outcome end points, such as mortality and morbidity, to evaluate the effect of disease and treatment.10
FOOT CARE AND ULCER MANAGEMENT AT VASCULOCARE: OUR AIM TO SALVAGE FOOT.
Foot ulcers are a common complication of peripheral arterial disease and a major cause of disability of patients. It is worse when associated with diabetes.
Ischemic and diabetic foot ulcers lead to amputation if not managed properly.
Foam sclerotherapy during varicose vein surgery/ EVLA: should we avoid to min...
Foam sclerotherapy during varicose vein surgery/ EVLA: should we avoid to min...Shantonu Kumar Ghosh
Introduction:Cutaneous necrosis followed by ulceration and formation of abscess is not a rare complication of foam sclerotherapy. As sclerotherapy reduces the surgery burden and time consuming; it became popular for destroying varicose veins. Sometimes this complication may make the post operative period unpleasant.
Material & Methods:Forty three patients with varicose vein who had undergone surgery at three centers during a period of six months by same surgical team were included in the study.
Intra-lesional injection of sodium tetradecyl sulphate (STS) was used for varicosities during surgery in seventeen patients of flush ligation and eight patients of EVLA (endovenous laser ablation). Foam was applied in another eleven patients of flush ligation and seven patients of EVLA one month after surgery during follow up visit. All patients were followed up for two months.
Result:Among 50 patients 6 were (12%) female and 44 were (88%) male.
Of the total patients, 16 (38%) were between 20 and 30 years of age, 15 (34%) were between 30 and 40 years, 8 (18%) were between 40 and 50 years, 3 (8%) were between 50 and 60 years, and only 1 (2%) were >60 years of age.
With immediate sclerotherapy after flush ligation and stripping of GSV only one patient developed ulcer.
None had ulcer when sclerotherapy practiced after one month of flush ligation with stripping of GSV.
With immediate sclerotherapy following EVLA, three patients developed ulcer.
Sclerotherapy after one month of EVLA one patient was found developed infected ulcer.
In my small study I found infected skin ulceration as a common complication which occurred in both open surgery and EVLA patients. It was more common in EVLA group. It was also common when foam applied along with surgical/ EVLA procedure.
Conclusion:Infected skin ulcer presented as the most common complication in cases those who had foam sclerotherapy along with EVLA.
In open surgery patients, skin ulceration was also common.
In both group of patients, number of skin ulceration was more when foam was applied along with surgical/ EVLA procedure in comparison to those where it was practiced after two months during follow up period.
In my observation, skin ulceration was more common in EVLA patients. Further study is required to find any correlation between laser therapy and sodium tetradecyl sulphate.
Also, my opinion prefers foam sclerotherapy to be avoided during operative procedure /intervention.
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We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
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Daflon 1000 cvd
- 1. A New Era in Chronic Venous Disease Dr. Shantonu Kumar Ghosh MBBS, MS (CVTS) Assistant Professor (Vascular Surgery) National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases ‘Vasculocare’, Trauma Center, Shyamoli, Dhaka, Bangladesh Secretary for International Affairs, Bangladesh Vascular Society (BVS) Contact- +8801715405567, E-mail- shantonukumarghosh@gmail.com Website- www.vasculocare.com Facebook- www.facebook.com/vasculocare
- 3. Rabe E et al; VCP Coordinators. Epidemiology of chronic venous disorders in geographically diverse populations: results from the Vein Consult Program. Int Angiol. 2012;31:105-115.
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- 10. Daflon 1000 Rapidly relief sign & symptoms Tsoukanov Y. Phlebolymphology. 2015;22(1).
- 11. 1. Glinski W. et al. Phlebology 1999;14:151-157. 2. Guilhou JJ et al. Angiology 1997;48:77-85. 3. Coleridge-Smith PD. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2005;30:198-208. 4. RELIEF study. Pinjala RK et al. Phlebology 2004;19:179-184. (Daflon) Guideline recommended Daflon in the treatment of CVD in all stages
- 13. Daflon 1000 significantly reduces pain in combination with procedure Veverkova L, Kalac J, Jedlicka V, et al. Phlebolymphology. 2006;13:195-201. X3.7 X2.2 X2 X1.4
- 16. 1 - Nicolaides A, Perrin M. Int Angiol. 2013;32(Suppl.1):106-107. 2 - Pascarella L. Curr Pharma Des. 2007;13:431-444. 3 - Pascarella L, Lulic D, Penn AH, et al. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2008;35:102-110. 4 - Garner RC, Garner JV, Gregory S, et al. J Pharm Sci. 2002;91:32-40. 5 - Agus G.B. Conservative treatment of chronic venous disease: the Italian experience. Phlebolymphology. 2013;20(2):101-112. 6 - Paysant J, Sansilvestri-Morel P, Bouskela E, Verbeuren TJ.Int Angiol. 2008;27:81-85. Hemorrhoidal Disease Chronic Venous Disease 23 Chronic Venous Disease Once daily
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