1) The document discusses curriculum alignment for a preschool program, including the grade level (ages 3-5), subject areas (language arts, cognitive development, etc.), and learning objectives (language development, cognitive development, health/safety skills, social skills, physical development). 2) It describes instructional resources like books, study toys, and computers that are commonly used to aid teaching in preschools. 3) It evaluates the importance of choosing culturally appropriate and linguistically sensitive material for a diverse group of students.

1. Curriculum Alignment
Provide a clear Curriculum Alignment…………….. 1) Lesson componentsGrade levelThe
grade level chosen for this study is the preschool which is the first stage of learning that
children undertake before starting the mandatory education; it is usually for children
between the ages of three to five years.Subject areaPreschool program consists of the
following subjects; – language arts, cognitive development, creative arts, music, motor
skills, dramatic play, discovery and computer lab.Learning objectivesLanguage
development-the children learn how to speak and express themselves. Through interaction
with the teacher and his classmates the child learns how to talk and communicate with
people. Through language development the children also learn to share opinions, ideas and
thoughts.Cognitive development- the children are taught to see and know things. They are
taught to recognize and know things a way of stimulating their memory. They learn
concepts like numbering, coloring, counting and recognizing shapes.Health and safety skills-
they are taught about personal hygiene and how to take care of themselves. They learn
basic grooming like toilet training, washing hands, brushing teeth and dressing themselves
among other things. They are taught how to keep their propertyin order when in school like
how to place study equipment after a lesson, where to keep their bags, books and
coats.Social skills- the children learn how to interact with their peers. They also learn about
self confidence and they are taught how to develop self esteem. They learn about discipline
and how to follow rules, be independent and focus. Through playing games, performing
activities, singing they learn about expressing themselves and also learn about developing
personal feelings towards things and people.Physical development- the children are taught
about physical fitness and motor skills. Through playing they practice to do things like
throwing, jumping, catching and running. They also learn how to coordinate their muscles
by practicing writing, drawing, coloring and cutting in class (Ida, 2006).2) Instructional
resourcesThese are the equipments used by teachers to aid them when teaching the
preschool students. They are very many but for this study the following were chosen books,
study toys and the computer. These were chosen because they are the most common
resources used in schools and that which most children are familiar with.3) Why each area
in the evaluation list is important pedagogically.Content is very important since it shows the
teacher what to teach the children that is appropriate of their age.Information is important
since it helps the teacher to know what and how to teach the children.Text is what the
children are to learn and know which helps them to understand what the teacher is
teaching.Graphics are used to help the children to visually understand the text.4) The

2. importance of choosing culturally appropriate and linguistically sensitive material.In a
school situation it is common to find people of different cultures and it is appropriate to
teach material that is sensitive to each child so that the children and their families don’ t
think that a teacher is being unfair and promoting racism among cultures. This helps
children to also understand that they are all equal and should respect each other (CLAS,
2010).5) Why each resource would or would not be used.Book are good to use since they
tend to explain more and have more information for the children to learn, however books
might not be appropriate for them at that particular time since they have not developed
reading skills yet.Toys are very good for explaining to the children and they will be very
attracted to them hence be willing to learn, however they might concentrate more on
playing with the toys instead of concentrating in the lesson.The computer is very good and
children are able to learn how to use it early which is good since it is universally used
however computer learning is very complex for the minds of the children which are still
developing.ReferencesCulturally and linguistically appropriate services (C.L.A.S) and
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign College of Education Early Childhood and
Parenting Collaborative 2010http://clas.uiuc.edu/index.htmIda, P (2006, December).
Hawaii Preschool Content Standards (Curriculum Framework for Programs for Four-Year-
Olds) Reviewer: Date:
_____________________Resource: BOOKS
Books are very important for pre school children since it help to develop their reading
skills. A at an nearly age teachers are able to know what the children ability to
read. Children who start reading as early as their pre school stage have shown tremendous
improvements in their academic achievement in their later years of education.Instructional
Adequacy: The instructional adequacy component evaluates the extent to which
instructional curriculum materials provide the necessary support for learning and meeting
the instructional objectives. There are four areas of instructional adequacy that may be
addressed: design, procedures, clarity, and efficiency. Use the table below to assess these
areas.AreaCriteriaN/A, +, ü, or – CommentsDesignContent is accurate.+Content is relevant
for the studentContent is logical and well organized.+It has been put into sections which the
student can understandObjectives are clearly defined.+They help a teacher know how to
teach the studentContent helps to achieve the necessary objectives.+Content goes hand in
hand with the learning objectiveExamples are meaningful and helpful.+The examples helps
to explain the contentQuestions are presented clearly.+Questions are easy to
understandImportant points are emphasized.+The important points are clearly
highlightedAmount of information presented is comfortable.+The information is easy to
read and understandInstructional material is free of gender, race, religion, or ethnicity
bias.+The material is not biased in any wayMedia elements fairly represent composition of
career fields in terms of gender and race.+Elements are fairly representedAreaCriteriaN/A,
+, ü, or – CommentsDesignInformation is complete and current.+The whole information has
been written and its up to dateFacts come from reliable sources, which are clearly
identified.+The information has been written by the expertsContent moves learners beyond
the basics and encourages higher levels of thinking.+The information stimulates their
mindsStudents are engaged in applying what they learn.+they apply the informationLayout

3. is consistent.+The same layout has been used all throughContent is culturally diverse.+The
content is not biased in terms of cultureProduct accommodates unique learning styles and
various ability levels.+Learning styles are unique to suit the students’ needs.Assessment
methods are challenging, appropriate, and suited to learning goals.+The assessment
methods are very goodTeachers can easily assess students’ progress by evaluating the
outcomes provided within the product.+They have assessment exercises that the teachers
can use to evaluate the progress of the student.Reading level is appropriate for target
audience.+the reading was appropriateProduct is suitable for the age and grade level.+It
was suitable for the students ProceduresNumber of interactions in each lesson makes
learning easier.+Interactions make learning easierLesson requires learners to become
actively engaged in order to learn.+For the students to learn they need to be really
engaged.Lesson motivates learners to continue to learn and master concepts.+Really
motivates the students’ learningDirections are clear and complete enough for students to
perform required tasks.+Very clear and easy for students ClarityText is clear and easy to
read.+Very clear and easyText is easy to understand.+Easily understoodCourse lessons are
attractive to look at.+Really attractiveAreaCriteriaN/A, +, ü, or – CommentsClarityGraphics
make lessons easier to learn.+Illustrations makes it easier to understandLayout is clear and
intuitive; learners can find what they need.+Easier for them to find what they needContent
is easy to navigate through to find necessary features.+Navigation is easierParagraphs and
sections have clear and accurate information headings.+They are very clear and
accurateClear and clean fonts are used consistently.+They are very clear and
clean EfficiencyNo unnecessary information is included in the lessons.+Information is
specific and relevantSufficient numbers of examples and practice items are included in the
lessons.+Enough examples for students understandingLessons help students learn the
material.+It helps the students Instructional Materials Evaluation
Checklist Reviewer: Date:
_____________________________ Resource: COMPUTERS
In our society today it is very vital to use the computer in our
daily lives. Many parents are allowing their children at a very tender age to use the
computer. This has led the schools to also adapt the computer studies into their curriculum.
Learning computer at a very early age for the children is important since it helps to improve
their skills however computer studies is very technical for the developing minds of the pre
school children. Instructional Adequacy: The instructional adequacy component evaluates
the extent to which instructional curriculum materials provide the necessary support for
learning and meeting the instructional objectives. There are four areas of instructional
adequacy that may be addressed: design, procedures, clarity, and efficiency. Use the table
below to assess these areas.AreaCriteriaN/A, +, ü, or – CommentsDesignContent is
accurate.+Content is relevant for the studentContent is logical and well organized.+It has
been put into sections which the student can understandObjectives are clearly
defined.+They help a teacher know how to teach the studentContent helps to achieve the
necessary objectives.+Content goes hand in hand with the learning objectiveExamples are
meaningful and helpful.+The examples helps to explain the contentQuestions are presented
clearly.+Questions are easy to understandImportant points are emphasized.+The important

4. points are clearly highlightedAmount of information presented is comfortable.+The
information is easy to read and understandInstructional material is free of gender, race,
religion, or ethnicity bias.+The material is not biased in any wayMedia elements fairly
represent composition of career fields in terms of gender and race.+Elements are fairly
representedAreaCriteriaN/A, +, ü, or – CommentsDesignInformation is complete and
current.+The whole information has been written and its up to dateFacts come from reliable
sources, which are clearly identified.+The information has been written by the
expertsContent moves learners beyond the basics and encourages higher levels of
thinking.+The information stimulates their mindsStudents are engaged in applying what
they learn.+they apply the informationLayout is consistent.+The same layout has been used
all throughContent is culturally diverse.+The content is not biased in terms of
cultureProduct accommodates unique learning styles and various ability levels.+Learning
styles are unique to suit the students’ needs.Assessment methods are challenging,
appropriate, and suited to learning goals.+The assessment methods are very goodTeachers
can easily assess students’ progress by evaluating the outcomes provided within the
product.+They have assessment exercises that the teachers can use to evaluate the progress
of the student.Reading level is appropriate for target audience.+the reading was
appropriateProduct is suitable for the age and grade level.–The product is a bit advanced for
the age and the grade level ProceduresNumber of interactions in each lesson makes
learning easier.+Interactions make learning easierLesson requires learners to become
actively engaged in order to learn.+For the students to learn they need to be really
engaged.Lesson motivates learners to continue to learn and master concepts.+Really
motivates the students’ learningDirections are clear and complete enough for students to
perform required tasks.+Very clear and easy for students ClarityText is clear and easy to
read.–Text is a bit complex for the age of the studentsText is easy to understand.–It is not
easy to understandCourse lessons are attractive to look at.+Really
attractiveAreaCriteriaN/A, +, ü, or – CommentsClarityGraphics make lessons easier to
learn.+Illustrations makes it easier to understandLayout is clear and intuitive; learners can
find what they need.+Easier for them to find what they needContent is easy to navigate
through to find necessary features._Navigation is not easierParagraphs and sections have
clear and accurate information headings._They are not clear and accurateClear and clean
fonts are used consistently.+They are very clear and clean EfficiencyNo unnecessary
information is included in the lessons.+Information is specific and relevantSufficient
numbers of examples and practice items are included in the lessons.+Enough examples for
students understandingLessons help students learn the material.+It helps the
students Instructional Materials Evaluation
Checklist Reviewer: Date:
_____________________________ Resource: TOYS
When children begin school they first start to play before they are put into the education
system. Through playing the children will develop skills that they will need for their future
development and the understanding of the education system. The educational toys that
children are given by teachers will help them to understand and enhance their skills. It is
easier for child to remember his numbers if he uses the education toys during his math

5. lesson. How the child plays with his/her toys will b every important for his social skills.
Through the interaction the teacher will be able to know how the child might interact with
his peers and hence encourage him if it’ s good or help him change If the teacher feels that
the behavior adapted by the child is