The culture of the Philippines is a blend of Malayo-Polynesian, Hispanic, and other Asian influences. The Philippines was originally settled by Melanesians and later by Austronesians, whose culture is still evident today. When the Spanish colonized the Philippines for over 300 years, they heavily impacted the culture by introducing Hispanic influences seen in language, religion, food, and more. After Spanish rule, the U.S. governed the Philippines for 40 years, introducing some English and American pop culture influences. Today, Filipino culture reflects this complex history and blending of diverse traditions.
The oldest human remains found in the Philippines date back 22,000 years ago. The first inhabitants were Negritos who arrived during the Old Stone Age by walking across land bridges. They were later joined by maritime Indonesians during the New Stone Age. Malays also immigrated and introduced festivals, codes of law, and contributed to Iron Age culture. Ancient Filipinos had developed music, architecture like native houses, and art forms including pottery, wood carvings, tattoos, and petroglyph cave paintings as early as 3000 BC.
This document provides an overview of Philippine art, including its history and key movements. It begins with an introduction to pre-colonial Philippine art forms like pottery, carving, and architecture. During the Spanish period, religious painting and sculpture became prominent. Under American rule, styles like Art Nouveau and Neoclassicism were popular. The document then outlines several art movements that shaped Philippine art like Baroque, Romanticism, Cubism, and Pop Art. It concludes with brief biographies of notable Filipino artists like Juan Luna, Felix Hidalgo, and others who helped establish a national style of Philippine art.
Development of Visual Arts in the PhilippinesJason Casupanan
Shows the evolution of paintings, sculpture, architecture in the Philippines throughout the time with the influences of others cultures primarily by Spaniards, Americans, and Southeast Asians.
Credits to the owners of the photos.
Damian Domingo was the first Filipino painter to paint self-portraits, and is considered the "Father of Filipino Painting." He established the first formal art school in the Philippines in 1821, where he taught painting techniques in a rigorous manner influenced by Western styles. Domingo is renowned for being among the first painters in the Philippines to create secular works depicting native Filipinos in their traditional costumes, which were in high demand among the rising ilustrado class. He made significant contributions to the development and professionalization of art in the Philippines.
The Spanish Friars introduced Western religious paintings to Filipino artisans who learned to copy two dimensional forms. These religious paintings depicted saints, the holy family, scenes from the Passion of Christ, and depictions of purgatory, heaven, or hell. Several Filipino artists painted specific works found in Paete, Laguna church related to purgatory, the Ilocos revolt against taxation in 1821, and scenes from the Bible. Philippine architecture showed the influence of Spanish Baroque style with thick walls and buttresses adapted to the local environment. Houses were built using light local materials like wood, bamboo, and nipa palm. European dramas and religious performances were introduced and enriched the Filipino language, including
Oil painting was introduced to the Philippines in the 16th century by Europeans and was initially used for Catholic religious propaganda. Indigenous peoples like the Talaanding tribe of Banwaon use soil for their paintings instead of watercolors, depicting scenes of tribal life. During the Neolithic period, pottery like palayok cooking pots and the unique Manunggul Jar were created by Filipinos to suit household needs. Weaving traditions produce mats like banig and carry bags like bayong from palm and other dried leaves. Ritual chanted poetry like ambahan of the Hanunoo-Mangyan tribe and Holy Week's pabasa of the Passion are preserved on bamboo slats or recited
The document provides an overview of Philippine art movements throughout history, from pre-colonial to contemporary periods. It discusses the art forms, styles, and notable artists that developed during each era, including how Philippine art was influenced by Spanish, American, and Japanese colonial rule and evolved with the modern and contemporary movements. The document also highlights 13 modernist painters in the 1950s who introduced modernism and helped establish the Art Association of the Philippines.
The document discusses the various arts that were introduced to the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period in the 16th century, including painting, dancing, weaving, sculpting, and pottery. It provides details on different types of Filipino paintings like watercolor, portraits, and landscapes. It also describes various regional dances like dances from the Cordillera region and tribal dances. The document outlines traditional Filipino art forms like textiles, woodcarving, and pottery as well as prominent Filipino artists. It concludes by listing several art museums located around Manila that showcase Philippine arts and culture.
The oldest human remains found in the Philippines date back 22,000 years ago. The first inhabitants were Negritos who arrived during the Old Stone Age by walking across land bridges. They were later joined by maritime Indonesians during the New Stone Age. Malays also immigrated and introduced festivals, codes of law, and contributed to Iron Age culture. Ancient Filipinos had developed music, architecture like native houses, and art forms including pottery, wood carvings, tattoos, and petroglyph cave paintings as early as 3000 BC.
This document provides an overview of Philippine art, including its history and key movements. It begins with an introduction to pre-colonial Philippine art forms like pottery, carving, and architecture. During the Spanish period, religious painting and sculpture became prominent. Under American rule, styles like Art Nouveau and Neoclassicism were popular. The document then outlines several art movements that shaped Philippine art like Baroque, Romanticism, Cubism, and Pop Art. It concludes with brief biographies of notable Filipino artists like Juan Luna, Felix Hidalgo, and others who helped establish a national style of Philippine art.
Development of Visual Arts in the PhilippinesJason Casupanan
Shows the evolution of paintings, sculpture, architecture in the Philippines throughout the time with the influences of others cultures primarily by Spaniards, Americans, and Southeast Asians.
Credits to the owners of the photos.
Damian Domingo was the first Filipino painter to paint self-portraits, and is considered the "Father of Filipino Painting." He established the first formal art school in the Philippines in 1821, where he taught painting techniques in a rigorous manner influenced by Western styles. Domingo is renowned for being among the first painters in the Philippines to create secular works depicting native Filipinos in their traditional costumes, which were in high demand among the rising ilustrado class. He made significant contributions to the development and professionalization of art in the Philippines.
The Spanish Friars introduced Western religious paintings to Filipino artisans who learned to copy two dimensional forms. These religious paintings depicted saints, the holy family, scenes from the Passion of Christ, and depictions of purgatory, heaven, or hell. Several Filipino artists painted specific works found in Paete, Laguna church related to purgatory, the Ilocos revolt against taxation in 1821, and scenes from the Bible. Philippine architecture showed the influence of Spanish Baroque style with thick walls and buttresses adapted to the local environment. Houses were built using light local materials like wood, bamboo, and nipa palm. European dramas and religious performances were introduced and enriched the Filipino language, including
Oil painting was introduced to the Philippines in the 16th century by Europeans and was initially used for Catholic religious propaganda. Indigenous peoples like the Talaanding tribe of Banwaon use soil for their paintings instead of watercolors, depicting scenes of tribal life. During the Neolithic period, pottery like palayok cooking pots and the unique Manunggul Jar were created by Filipinos to suit household needs. Weaving traditions produce mats like banig and carry bags like bayong from palm and other dried leaves. Ritual chanted poetry like ambahan of the Hanunoo-Mangyan tribe and Holy Week's pabasa of the Passion are preserved on bamboo slats or recited
The document provides an overview of Philippine art movements throughout history, from pre-colonial to contemporary periods. It discusses the art forms, styles, and notable artists that developed during each era, including how Philippine art was influenced by Spanish, American, and Japanese colonial rule and evolved with the modern and contemporary movements. The document also highlights 13 modernist painters in the 1950s who introduced modernism and helped establish the Art Association of the Philippines.
The document discusses the various arts that were introduced to the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period in the 16th century, including painting, dancing, weaving, sculpting, and pottery. It provides details on different types of Filipino paintings like watercolor, portraits, and landscapes. It also describes various regional dances like dances from the Cordillera region and tribal dances. The document outlines traditional Filipino art forms like textiles, woodcarving, and pottery as well as prominent Filipino artists. It concludes by listing several art museums located around Manila that showcase Philippine arts and culture.
This document discusses the concept of "Filipino-ness" in Philippine art. It questions whether art produced by Filipinos using Western mediums or languages can still be considered authentically Filipino. While Philippine culture has been influenced by Spanish, American and Asian traditions, the document argues that depicting local scenes and traditions without idealization captures the Filipino soul. The landscapes and scenes of daily life in Fernando Amorsolo's paintings are cited as expressing Filipino rural life authentically. However, debates continue over how tradition and cultural influences impact perceptions of a work's Filipino identity and authenticity.
The document outlines the historical background of arts in the Philippines, divided into three sections. The first section discusses ethnic traditions influenced by geography and Filipino experiences, including dance, pottery, weaving and architecture. The second section covers Spanish colonial traditions where friars supervised the arts to propagate Christianity, introducing instruments like the piano and publishing the first book. The third section explains how American colonialism and contemporary trends like urbanization changed the arts, making them more avant-garde as Filipinos studied abroad.
The document outlines the timeline and characteristics of art in the Philippines from pre-colonial times to the present. It discusses pre-colonial, ethnic arts which served ritual or everyday purposes. During Spanish colonization, art propagated the Catholic faith and supported colonial rule. In the American era, commercial and advertising arts were integrated into fine arts education and secular forms were favored. Under Japanese occupation, indigenous Philippine art and traditions were emphasized. The modern era focused on questions of national identity, while contemporary art reflected aspirations for a just, free, and sovereign society through social realism.
Contemporary art in the Philippines reflects the country's diverse identity and complex social issues. Filipino artists portray subjects and use mediums in innovative ways that express Philippine culture and history, which has been influenced by colonial powers. A key contemporary artist, Ronald Ventura, is known for paintings that blend styles like realism and graffiti in layers that represent the multifaceted Philippine identity. Contemporary architecture has also emerged with a Filipino style seen in modernized traditional forms. A pioneer in landscape architecture, Ildefonso Santos designed parks and outdoor spaces that incorporated local plants and design elements. Philippine sculpture also continues traditions from ancestral carvings while adapting to modern themes.
The document discusses the history and forms of art in the Philippines prior to colonization. It describes how early Filipinos integrated art into everyday life and rituals to mark important community events. As local communities established themselves, artistic expressions evolved beyond crafts to include decorative elements and meanings. The document outlines some of the major art forms that developed in pre-colonial Philippines, including music, weaving, sculpture, painting, pottery, woodwork, metalwork and architecture. It emphasizes that Filipinos applied their artistic skills to weaving, sculpture, architecture and other art forms long before foreigners discovered and utilized the country's natural resources.
This document provides information about the National Artist Award in the Philippines, which is the highest distinction bestowed upon Filipino artists. It lists the criteria for receiving the award and provides examples of artists who have received it in various fields, including painting, sculpture, dance, literature, music, and theater. Specifically, it names artists like Fernando Amorsolo, Carlos V. Francisco, and Victorio Edades in painting; Guillermo Tolentino and Napoleon Abueva in sculpture; Alice Reyes in dance; Amado Hernandez, Jose Garcia Villa, and Nick Joaquin in literature; and Antonio Molina, Jovita Fuentes, and Lucresia Kasilag in music. It also gives brief
The document provides information on various aspects of society and culture in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period. It discusses the social classes that existed, including the Peninsulares and Indios. It also describes the traditional modes of dressing, important religious beliefs like Roman Catholicism, and economic activities such as agriculture, livestock, and trade. Finally, it highlights elements of Philippine culture such as languages, music, art forms including paintings, weaving, pottery, and architecture of important buildings from the era.
Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regionsrussell08
The document discusses Philippine architecture and the National Artists for Architecture. It notes that Philippine architecture reflects the country's cultural heritage and need to adapt to the environment. It then profiles five National Artists for Architecture - Pablo S. Antonio, Leandro V. Locsin, Juan F. Nakpil, Ildefonso P. Santos Jr., and Jose Maria Zaragosa - and provides examples of some of their notable works, including churches, government buildings, and landscape designs.
K. If all of the world's cultural heritage (sports, music, fashion, architecture, literature, painting, etc..) was contained in a time capsule, what would you include to demonstrate the legacy of your country?
During the Spanish colonial period from 1565 to 1898, the Philippines became home to hundreds of centuries-old Spanish colonial churches that showcased different artistic styles. These churches displayed the exaggerated Rococo style of art in sculpture, painting and architecture seeking to produce drama and grandeur. They also featured the simpler Neoclassical style which was unemotional in form. One example is the ornately decorated San Isidro Ladrador church in Siquijor which manifested Gothic architectural elements and the late Spanish baroque style.
This document discusses the different art traditions in the Philippines: Ethnic Tradition, Spanish Colonial Tradition, and Contemporary Arts Tradition. It provides examples of artworks from each tradition, including the Manunggul Jar, Langit Lupa at Impyerno painting, Bayanihan mural, and Cinco Marias installation. The document highlights how Philippine arts have been influenced by geography, experiences of Filipinos, religion, and contemporary culture through time.
The document provides an overview of pre-colonial Philippine culture, including its early inhabitants, systems of writing, forms of government, social classes, and architecture. The Negritos were among the earliest settlers, followed by Austronesian peoples beginning around 4000 BCE. By 1000 BCE, distinct groups had developed, including hunter-gatherers, warrior societies, and communities along rivers and coasts engaged in trade. Pre-colonial Filipinos had their own writing systems and a form of government centered around independent barangays led by datus. Social classes ranged from primitive communal organizations to feudal systems in some Islamic areas.
Demetrio Larena was the first civil governor of Negros Oriental province in the Philippines. He played a key role in the establishment of Silliman University, the first Protestant university in the country, by introducing the American missionaries who founded it to the area and encouraging them to locate it in Dumaguete City. As governor, Larena oversaw the 1903 census of Negros Oriental and appointed municipal presidents to assist. He was also the first Filipino member of the board of trustees of Silliman Institute. Larena had a close friendship with the American missionaries and helped foster good relations between the local population and the new U.S. administration.
The document discusses Philippine art history during the Spanish colonial period. It describes how the Spanish friars introduced Catholic images to propagate their faith, establishing the church as the main patron of the arts. Painting during this time was limited mostly to religious themes. The rise of the ilustrado class in the 19th century led to more secular painting styles like portraits and tipos del pais scenes of everyday Filipino life. A key figure was Damian Domingo, who established the first formal art school and painted portraits of elite patrons.
The document provides information on art forms and notable artists from various Latin American countries, including painters, sculptors, poets, novelists, and other literary figures. Some highlights mentioned are Nobel Prize winning authors Gabriela Mistral, Pablo Neruda, and Octavio Paz from Chile, as well as Miguel Angel Asturias and Rigoberta Menchu from Guatemala. The document also briefly outlines art movements and styles that emerged in different periods in these countries.
The document discusses the introduction of modernism to Philippine art in the early 20th century. It describes how Filipino artists who studied abroad in America were exposed to impressionist and post-impressionist masters and brought these influences home. Led by Victorio Edades, these artists known as "The Thirteen Moderns" helped establish modernism in the local art scene. The document then profiles some of the most prominent modernist painters like Victorio Edades, Carlos "Botong" Francisco, and Galo Ocampo, highlighting some of their famous works.
Leonor Orosa-Goquingco was a Filipino national artist in creative dance who made many contributions to Philippine performing arts. She could play multiple instruments, draw, design costumes and scenery, sculpt, act, direct, dance, and choreograph. Some of her most famous works included the first ballet choreographed to commissioned Filipino music and the first Philippine folkloric ballet. She toured internationally with the Filipinescas Dance Company and received many honors and awards, including being named a National Artist for Dance.
Pre spanish-colonial-art-in-the-philippinesSa Puso Mo :">
The earliest inhabitants of the Philippines arrived over 22,000 years ago, as evidenced by the discovery of the oldest human fossil found in the country. Pre-Spanish Philippine society consisted of diverse ethnic groups like the Negritos, Indonesians, and Malays, who introduced various cultural traditions over subsequent centuries. The ancient Filipinos exhibited rich artistic traditions in areas like music, dance, architecture, sculpture, pottery, weaving, tattooing, and literature that were integral parts of their daily lives and cultural practices.
Figuring out Fun: Exploring teacher and learner perceptions of 'fun' in langu...Penelope Coutas
Slides from a paper presentation at the ECAWA State Conference 2011 at Canning College, Bentley, Western Australia. This paper is co-authored with Lindy Norris and a similar version was previously presented at the AFMLTA 2011 National Conference in Darwin, Nothern Territory.
This document discusses using video games for teaching English to children. It begins by defining video games and the different platforms they can be played on. It then explains that educational video games, also called edutainment, can make learning fun. The document lists different types of games available like online, computer, and handheld games. It discusses advantages like improving communication and problem solving skills. However, it also notes disadvantages such as games being addictive and replacing educational games. The document concludes by providing suggestions for choosing age-appropriate and non-violent games for children and includes some example educational game websites.
This document discusses the concept of "Filipino-ness" in Philippine art. It questions whether art produced by Filipinos using Western mediums or languages can still be considered authentically Filipino. While Philippine culture has been influenced by Spanish, American and Asian traditions, the document argues that depicting local scenes and traditions without idealization captures the Filipino soul. The landscapes and scenes of daily life in Fernando Amorsolo's paintings are cited as expressing Filipino rural life authentically. However, debates continue over how tradition and cultural influences impact perceptions of a work's Filipino identity and authenticity.
The document outlines the historical background of arts in the Philippines, divided into three sections. The first section discusses ethnic traditions influenced by geography and Filipino experiences, including dance, pottery, weaving and architecture. The second section covers Spanish colonial traditions where friars supervised the arts to propagate Christianity, introducing instruments like the piano and publishing the first book. The third section explains how American colonialism and contemporary trends like urbanization changed the arts, making them more avant-garde as Filipinos studied abroad.
The document outlines the timeline and characteristics of art in the Philippines from pre-colonial times to the present. It discusses pre-colonial, ethnic arts which served ritual or everyday purposes. During Spanish colonization, art propagated the Catholic faith and supported colonial rule. In the American era, commercial and advertising arts were integrated into fine arts education and secular forms were favored. Under Japanese occupation, indigenous Philippine art and traditions were emphasized. The modern era focused on questions of national identity, while contemporary art reflected aspirations for a just, free, and sovereign society through social realism.
Contemporary art in the Philippines reflects the country's diverse identity and complex social issues. Filipino artists portray subjects and use mediums in innovative ways that express Philippine culture and history, which has been influenced by colonial powers. A key contemporary artist, Ronald Ventura, is known for paintings that blend styles like realism and graffiti in layers that represent the multifaceted Philippine identity. Contemporary architecture has also emerged with a Filipino style seen in modernized traditional forms. A pioneer in landscape architecture, Ildefonso Santos designed parks and outdoor spaces that incorporated local plants and design elements. Philippine sculpture also continues traditions from ancestral carvings while adapting to modern themes.
The document discusses the history and forms of art in the Philippines prior to colonization. It describes how early Filipinos integrated art into everyday life and rituals to mark important community events. As local communities established themselves, artistic expressions evolved beyond crafts to include decorative elements and meanings. The document outlines some of the major art forms that developed in pre-colonial Philippines, including music, weaving, sculpture, painting, pottery, woodwork, metalwork and architecture. It emphasizes that Filipinos applied their artistic skills to weaving, sculpture, architecture and other art forms long before foreigners discovered and utilized the country's natural resources.
This document provides information about the National Artist Award in the Philippines, which is the highest distinction bestowed upon Filipino artists. It lists the criteria for receiving the award and provides examples of artists who have received it in various fields, including painting, sculpture, dance, literature, music, and theater. Specifically, it names artists like Fernando Amorsolo, Carlos V. Francisco, and Victorio Edades in painting; Guillermo Tolentino and Napoleon Abueva in sculpture; Alice Reyes in dance; Amado Hernandez, Jose Garcia Villa, and Nick Joaquin in literature; and Antonio Molina, Jovita Fuentes, and Lucresia Kasilag in music. It also gives brief
The document provides information on various aspects of society and culture in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period. It discusses the social classes that existed, including the Peninsulares and Indios. It also describes the traditional modes of dressing, important religious beliefs like Roman Catholicism, and economic activities such as agriculture, livestock, and trade. Finally, it highlights elements of Philippine culture such as languages, music, art forms including paintings, weaving, pottery, and architecture of important buildings from the era.
Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regionsrussell08
The document discusses Philippine architecture and the National Artists for Architecture. It notes that Philippine architecture reflects the country's cultural heritage and need to adapt to the environment. It then profiles five National Artists for Architecture - Pablo S. Antonio, Leandro V. Locsin, Juan F. Nakpil, Ildefonso P. Santos Jr., and Jose Maria Zaragosa - and provides examples of some of their notable works, including churches, government buildings, and landscape designs.
K. If all of the world's cultural heritage (sports, music, fashion, architecture, literature, painting, etc..) was contained in a time capsule, what would you include to demonstrate the legacy of your country?
During the Spanish colonial period from 1565 to 1898, the Philippines became home to hundreds of centuries-old Spanish colonial churches that showcased different artistic styles. These churches displayed the exaggerated Rococo style of art in sculpture, painting and architecture seeking to produce drama and grandeur. They also featured the simpler Neoclassical style which was unemotional in form. One example is the ornately decorated San Isidro Ladrador church in Siquijor which manifested Gothic architectural elements and the late Spanish baroque style.
This document discusses the different art traditions in the Philippines: Ethnic Tradition, Spanish Colonial Tradition, and Contemporary Arts Tradition. It provides examples of artworks from each tradition, including the Manunggul Jar, Langit Lupa at Impyerno painting, Bayanihan mural, and Cinco Marias installation. The document highlights how Philippine arts have been influenced by geography, experiences of Filipinos, religion, and contemporary culture through time.
The document provides an overview of pre-colonial Philippine culture, including its early inhabitants, systems of writing, forms of government, social classes, and architecture. The Negritos were among the earliest settlers, followed by Austronesian peoples beginning around 4000 BCE. By 1000 BCE, distinct groups had developed, including hunter-gatherers, warrior societies, and communities along rivers and coasts engaged in trade. Pre-colonial Filipinos had their own writing systems and a form of government centered around independent barangays led by datus. Social classes ranged from primitive communal organizations to feudal systems in some Islamic areas.
Demetrio Larena was the first civil governor of Negros Oriental province in the Philippines. He played a key role in the establishment of Silliman University, the first Protestant university in the country, by introducing the American missionaries who founded it to the area and encouraging them to locate it in Dumaguete City. As governor, Larena oversaw the 1903 census of Negros Oriental and appointed municipal presidents to assist. He was also the first Filipino member of the board of trustees of Silliman Institute. Larena had a close friendship with the American missionaries and helped foster good relations between the local population and the new U.S. administration.
The document discusses Philippine art history during the Spanish colonial period. It describes how the Spanish friars introduced Catholic images to propagate their faith, establishing the church as the main patron of the arts. Painting during this time was limited mostly to religious themes. The rise of the ilustrado class in the 19th century led to more secular painting styles like portraits and tipos del pais scenes of everyday Filipino life. A key figure was Damian Domingo, who established the first formal art school and painted portraits of elite patrons.
The document provides information on art forms and notable artists from various Latin American countries, including painters, sculptors, poets, novelists, and other literary figures. Some highlights mentioned are Nobel Prize winning authors Gabriela Mistral, Pablo Neruda, and Octavio Paz from Chile, as well as Miguel Angel Asturias and Rigoberta Menchu from Guatemala. The document also briefly outlines art movements and styles that emerged in different periods in these countries.
The document discusses the introduction of modernism to Philippine art in the early 20th century. It describes how Filipino artists who studied abroad in America were exposed to impressionist and post-impressionist masters and brought these influences home. Led by Victorio Edades, these artists known as "The Thirteen Moderns" helped establish modernism in the local art scene. The document then profiles some of the most prominent modernist painters like Victorio Edades, Carlos "Botong" Francisco, and Galo Ocampo, highlighting some of their famous works.
Leonor Orosa-Goquingco was a Filipino national artist in creative dance who made many contributions to Philippine performing arts. She could play multiple instruments, draw, design costumes and scenery, sculpt, act, direct, dance, and choreograph. Some of her most famous works included the first ballet choreographed to commissioned Filipino music and the first Philippine folkloric ballet. She toured internationally with the Filipinescas Dance Company and received many honors and awards, including being named a National Artist for Dance.
Pre spanish-colonial-art-in-the-philippinesSa Puso Mo :">
The earliest inhabitants of the Philippines arrived over 22,000 years ago, as evidenced by the discovery of the oldest human fossil found in the country. Pre-Spanish Philippine society consisted of diverse ethnic groups like the Negritos, Indonesians, and Malays, who introduced various cultural traditions over subsequent centuries. The ancient Filipinos exhibited rich artistic traditions in areas like music, dance, architecture, sculpture, pottery, weaving, tattooing, and literature that were integral parts of their daily lives and cultural practices.
Figuring out Fun: Exploring teacher and learner perceptions of 'fun' in langu...Penelope Coutas
Slides from a paper presentation at the ECAWA State Conference 2011 at Canning College, Bentley, Western Australia. This paper is co-authored with Lindy Norris and a similar version was previously presented at the AFMLTA 2011 National Conference in Darwin, Nothern Territory.
This document discusses using video games for teaching English to children. It begins by defining video games and the different platforms they can be played on. It then explains that educational video games, also called edutainment, can make learning fun. The document lists different types of games available like online, computer, and handheld games. It discusses advantages like improving communication and problem solving skills. However, it also notes disadvantages such as games being addictive and replacing educational games. The document concludes by providing suggestions for choosing age-appropriate and non-violent games for children and includes some example educational game websites.
Hide-and-seek, tag, and broken telephone are described as traditional playground games from Bulgaria. In hide-and-seek, one player counts while others hide and try to touch a designated "home base" without being tagged. In tag, players chase each other trying to touch other players. Broken telephone involves whispering a word down a line of children and seeing how it changes by the end.
This document discusses using games to teach English language skills. It provides examples of games like 20 Questions and The Whispering Game that allow students to practice language skills while taking a break from regular lessons. These games motivate students and create meaningful contexts for language use while encouraging cooperation. The document recommends providing clear instructions for games, not interrupting or correcting students during gameplay, and stopping games if they become tiring or boring. It concludes that using games is an effective and interesting way to teach English that can be applied in any classroom to improve students' communicative skills. Teachers should consider factors like class size, students' proficiency levels, time, topics, and the classroom environment when selecting and conducting games.
The document discusses various teaching materials that can be used in English language classrooms, including their uses and advantages. It covers blackboards, flashcards, wall charts, newspapers, tapes/recorders, videos, computers, overhead projectors, dictionaries, songs, rhymes, and games. The materials provide visual/audio aids, engage students, develop skills, and make lessons more interesting. Preparation and effective use of the materials is also addressed.
This document contains descriptions of 29 traditional children's games from various European countries including Greece, Spain, the United Kingdom, Italy, Slovenia, and Sweden. The games involve activities such as choosing animal roles, guessing professions, running between bases to steal a handkerchief, tagging each other to accumulate points, dodging thrown balls, and more. The descriptions provide the basic rules and objectives of each traditional game.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document discusses and evaluates various online flashcard tools and websites. It provides a table that summarizes the key features of 12 popular flashcard sites, including Cramberry, Funnel Brain, Ediscio, Cobocards, Flashcard DB, Quizlet, Study Stack, Knowtes, Muchobeets, Flashcard Flash, and two others. It also shares examples of flashcards created by HSE students on wikis for teaching vocabulary.
The document discusses using games as a communicative approach to teaching English. It explains that the communicative approach focuses on meaningful communication to help students learn how to use language. An example given is asking students questions to learn personal details about their classmates. The document also notes that communicative classroom activities emphasize skills and use of authentic materials over strict systems. It then describes a video of a teacher using a game to actively engage students and have them think critically about answers. Students are divided into groups and must work together. The document concludes that this style of game-based teaching allows all students to participate, self-correct, and have fun while learning grammar.
The document lists 10 activities that are effective for large ESL classes: 1) Sentence correctness activity, 2) Using videos, 3) Student presentations, 4) Concentration game, 5) Just a minute speaking game, 6) Reading activities, 7) Student surveys, 8) Board games, 9) Running dictation, and 10) Odd one out game. These activities engage students, cover different skills, and can be adapted for groups. Videos, presentations and games break up large classes while still providing interaction and language practice.
The document summarizes the components and principles of the Incredible English course. It includes the course books, activity book, teacher's book, CDs, and digital iTools. The main principles are that children learn a language through exposure and using it in meaningful contexts, and the teacher's role is to provide this exposure through topics students can understand. It also lists the learning objectives and components included in the teacher's resource pack to support lessons.
Mewujudkan tatanan masyarakat yang adil dan beradap, melalui pembangunan jiwa dan raga yang berbudaya dimulai dari diri pribadi yang berbudaya hingga Pemimpin yang berbudaya, dimulai dari Kampung Budaya hingga dengan Negara yang ber budaya.Dari sini akan tercipta Peradaban INDONESIA yang Beradab.
The document discusses using games to teach English. It notes that games help make language meaningful and engaging. Games are prevalent in children's lives through video games and sports. Using games in the classroom is an efficient way to teach English and develop students' social and language skills. Some example games that teach different skills are described, such as concentration for reading and phrase ball for speaking. The document emphasizes that games motivate students and prepare them for life.
Games can be an effective strategy for language acquisition in ESL and EFL classrooms. Teachers should understand that games typically involve rules, competition, and fun. Well-chosen games can capture students' attention, reduce stress, and provide opportunities for real communication practice. It is important for teachers to select games appropriately and integrate them into the regular curriculum, though sometimes limitations prevent using games as much as they should be used. Overall, games offer benefits like motivating students and allowing language practice in a meaningful context that encourages interaction.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise has also been shown to boost self-esteem and can serve as a healthy way to manage stress.
This document provides descriptions of 4 games that can be used to teach English as a second language to adult students. The games are: 1) Mind Webs, a word association game where students create webs of related words around a central topic; 2) Taboo, a guessing game where students must describe a word without using the word itself or related taboo words; 3) Similar Keyword Race, where students compete to generate as many words as possible related to a given topic; 4) Pictionary, where students take turns drawing words for their team to guess within a time limit. Playing games helps make English classes more fun and engaging for adult ESL students.
49 ways to make your esl speaking class awesomeJackie Bolen
This document provides 43 tips for making an ESL speaking class engaging and effective. Some key tips include changing speaking partners often, using role-plays, games, and activities to build confidence, focusing on both fluency and accuracy, incorporating listening and reading, giving feedback, and encouraging students through praise. The overall message is that speaking classes should be fun, interactive, and help students improve their English communication skills.
The document summarizes the history and development of art forms in the Philippines from pre-colonial times to the present. Indigenous art was integrated into rituals and ceremonies before colonization. Under Spanish rule, Christian art like santos and retablos emerged. American colonizers introduced secular art forms and English literature. Contemporary art flourished after martial law and now serves varied purposes of expression.
The document provides information about various museums, cultural aspects, and historical sites in the Philippines. It discusses museums such as the Aguinaldo Shrine, Ferdinand Marcos Presidential Center, and Rizal Shrine that showcase the country's history. The culture is described as a blend of eastern and western influences due to colonialism. Architecture was influenced by Spanish colonial style. Religion, visual arts, performing arts, literature, cinema, cuisines, and indigenous art are also summarized. The document aims to highlight Philippines' rich cultural heritage.
History of Philippine Arts from Pre-Colonial to Presenthannahruthpayao1
The document summarizes the history of arts in the Philippines from pre-colonial times to the present. In the pre-colonial period, indigenous art forms like tattoos, sculptures, and pottery developed for ritual purposes. During Spanish colonization from the 16th century, Catholic religious art spread as a tool for conversion. Under American rule in the 1900s, censorship suppressed nationalist literature. Japanese occupation in WWII slowed modern art. Martial law in the 1970s under Marcos envisioned a new society amid claims of national chaos.
CPAR history.pptx Contemporary Philippine Arts in the RegionGljRoDo
During the Islamic era in the Philippines (13th century to present):
1. Islam influenced art with geometric designs and patterns that focused worship away from images toward God.
2. The Sultanate of Sulu was established and the Quran was introduced, establishing Islam in Mindanao.
During the Spanish era (1521-1898):
1. Religious art promoted Catholicism, featuring churches blending native and European styles.
2. Secular arts like music, theater, and literature were introduced and blended with local forms.
3. Artists produced works interpreting Catholic biblical themes that won prizes in Spain.
This document provides a summary of Philippine art history from pre-colonial times to the contemporary period. It covers the pre-colonial, Islamic colonial, Spanish colonial, American colonial, Japanese colonial, and contemporary periods. The major art forms that developed during each period are literature, visual arts, architecture, sculpture, music, dance, and theater. Notable artists and artworks that emerged and gained prominence during these times are also mentioned.
The document provides a historical overview of contemporary Philippine arts from pre-colonial times through the Spanish colonial period. It discusses how pre-colonial Philippine culture was influenced by Malaysians in terms of language, cuisine, and arts. During the Islamic colonial period, Islamic art blended with local ethnic styles. Under Spanish rule, Western painting was introduced by friars, and local artisans learned to paint religious icons. Sculpture of native anitos was transformed into carved Catholic saints. Printing was also introduced during this time.
This document provides an overview of the history and development of art in the Philippines. It discusses the influences of pre-Hispanic, colonial Spanish, and modern styles. Some key developments mentioned include the introduction of Catholic religious statues by Magellan, the emergence of portrait painting during the Spanish colonial period, and the growth of academic painting in the 19th century led by masters like Faustino Quiotan and Damian Domingo who established art schools. The document also outlines various art forms and styles that emerged over time, including sculpture, engraving, miniature paintings, and the genre of letras figuras commissioned by a government decree.
Contemporary Philippine arts from the regions (module during online class of ...OrochiMaru14
This file will only be used for the educational purpose.
Not for sale.
National Commission for Culture and Arts (NCCA) is a sector of the Philippines that helps promote the rich, unique, and flamboyant culture of the Philippines through recognizing amazing artists from nooks and crannies to find the best artists who greatly contributed to the recognition of our country. NCCA award are given and can be achieved by joining the artists in occassional mentioning.
Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan (GaMaBa) is a sector that recognizes native Filipino who promotes their own unique culture such as mud art, mat weaving, etc. GaMaBa award is a unique award that gives appreciation to artists masters who had not engage in learning the art but still learned and become masters. Teofilo is a casque (tabungaw) maker that learns to make this hat through observation with his grandfather and father.
Philippine art has evolved over time through different periods and movements. [1] Pre-colonial art featured traditional forms like pottery, carvings, and textiles that incorporated local symbols and designs. [2] Under Spanish rule from the 16th-19th centuries, religious and royal art in a Baroque or Neoclassical style became prominent. [3] During the American period in the early 20th century, art nouveau, art deco, and genres like landscapes were popular. Key art movements like expressionism, cubism, and social realism reflected the times. Notable artists played roles in developing Philippine identity and styles through their works.
The document discusses the music traditions of several countries. It provides an overview of the history and development of music in China, England, South Africa, Greece, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Spain, Ireland, and describes some traditional musical styles and instruments. It also notes some modern music festivals and genres that have emerged in countries like China, Japan, and Ireland. The document cites several websites as sources of information on world music traditions.
The document summarizes the various art forms that have developed and been practiced in the Philippines over time, including:
1) Painting and sculpture, which were introduced by Spanish colonizers and depicted religious motifs but later included secular subjects;
2) Weaving of fibers and textiles which was an important pre-Hispanic art form using materials like abaca and cotton;
3) Architecture ranging from traditional nipa huts to masonry introduced by colonizers;
4) Literature, music, dance and theater which incorporated both indigenous and foreign influences over centuries of development.
The Spanish colonial period from 1521-1898 saw the arrival of Spanish explorer Ferdinand Magellan in the Philippines in 1521. Spanish colonization began in earnest in 1565 when Miguel López de Legazpi established the first permanent Spanish settlement in Cebu. During this time, Spanish influence profoundly shaped Philippine culture, introducing Christianity, the Spanish language, and architectural styles like the Bahay na Bato stone house. Spanish friars also commissioned local artists to create religious paintings and sculptures. Traditional art forms like pottery, weaving, and music like the kundiman love song were also influenced by Spanish styles.
The document discusses Spanish colonial period art in the Philippines from the 16th century onwards. It describes how the Spanish friars introduced Catholic imagery through paintings and sculptures to help convert the population. Local artisans learned new techniques from the friars and Chinese traders, like painting with brushes. During this period, art was strictly religious and commissioned by the church. In the 19th century, a new class of wealthy Filipinos (ilustrados) emerged who became patrons of secular art forms like portraits and landscapes. Notable artists from this time include Damian Domingo, the founder of the first art school in the Philippines, and Juan Luna who later won prizes in international exhibitions.
This document provides an overview of different periods in Philippine art history from pre-colonial to contemporary times. It begins with pre-colonial art during the Neolithic period and continues through the Spanish colonial, American colonial, post-war colonial, and contemporary art periods. For each major period, the document outlines the dominant artistic styles, influences, and major artists. It also examines the philosophical underpinnings of aesthetics and how artistic movements like modernism, postmodernism, and contemporary art have developed in the Philippine context.
The document provides an overview of visual arts during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines. It discusses how the Spanish friars introduced Catholic images to propagate the faith, with painting and sculpture becoming dominated by religious themes. It then outlines the development of portrait painting during the 19th century to depict the rising ilustrado class, and the introduction of secular themes like tipos del pais to show different Filipino costumes. A key figure mentioned is Damian Domingo, considered the first great Filipino painter who established the first formal art school and painted portraits of elite figures and scenes of daily life.
The document provides an overview of visual arts during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines. It discusses how the Spanish friars introduced Catholic images to propagate the faith, with painting and sculpture becoming dominated by religious themes. It then outlines the development of portrait painting during the 19th century to depict the rising ilustrado class, and the introduction of secular themes like tipos del pais to show different Filipino costumes. A key figure mentioned is Damian Domingo, considered the first great Filipino painter who established the first formal art school and painted portraits of elite figures and scenes of daily life.
The document summarizes the development of performing arts in the Philippines from pre-colonial to contemporary periods. It discusses the influences of Spanish, American, and Japanese colonizers on literature, music, dance, architecture, painting and sculpture. Key periods mentioned are pre-colonial, Islamic, Spanish colonial, American colonial, Japanese colonial, post-colonial under Martial Law, and the contemporary era with new digital media. Art in each period reflected the sociopolitical environment and was used as a form of cultural expression and sometimes protest.
Indigenous creative crafts have long been an important part of Philippine culture and history, with different ethnic groups creating unique crafts using natural resources to tell stories of their lives and culture. These crafts demonstrate Filipino craftsmanship through products made with skill, love, and patience. The document provides an overview of different types of traditional Philippine arts and crafts such as architecture, weaving, basketry, woodcarving, pottery, and describes their significance.
Here is a one paragraph discussion of the requested terms:
The traditional arts of the Philippines show its rich cultural heritage and history. Indigenous woodcarving has been practiced for centuries, with some of the oldest surviving examples being wooden boat fragments from 230 AD. Weaving is another important art form, with different ethnic groups employing distinct techniques like back-strap loom weaving. Folk architecture demonstrates how indigenous groups built shelters using local materials, resulting in diverse structures like the hut-style Bahay Kubo. Folk pottery has also been an integral part of Philippine cultures for over 3,500 years, as evidenced by artifacts like the Manunggul Jar. Folk graphic arts encompass traditions like tattooing and indigenous scripts. Overall,
Mexico played an important role in Spain's conquest of the Philippines in 1565. Legaspi and Urdaneta, though Spanish, lived in Mexico and received troops, missionaries, and supplies from Mexico to succeed in colonizing the Philippines. From 1565 to 1821, the Philippines was ruled from Mexico by the Mexican viceroy, who appointed governors and officials. Mexicans came to live and work in the Philippines, and Filipinos went to Mexico. The galleon trade between Mexico and the Philippines linked and enriched the colonies until 1815. Both cultures influenced each other through the exchange of plants, animals, industries, dress, music, dances, traditions, and language.
The Hope of Salvation - Jude 1:24-25 - MessageCole Hartman
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A375 Example Taste the taste of the Lord, the taste of the Lord The taste of...franktsao4
It seems that current missionary work requires spending a lot of money, preparing a lot of materials, and traveling to far away places, so that it feels like missionary work. But what was the result they brought back? It's just a lot of photos of activities, fun eating, drinking and some playing games. And then we have to do the same thing next year, never ending. The church once mentioned that a certain missionary would go to the field where she used to work before the end of his life. It seemed that if she had not gone, no one would be willing to go. The reason why these missionary work is so difficult is that no one obeys God’s words, and the Bible is not the main content during missionary work, because in the eyes of those who do not obey God’s words, the Bible is just words and cannot be connected with life, so Reading out God's words is boring because it doesn't have any life experience, so it cannot be connected with human life. I will give a few examples in the hope that this situation can be changed. A375
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This manual will guide you through basic skills and tasks to help you get started with various aspects of Magic. Each section is designed to be easy to follow, with step-by-step instructions.
Why is this So? ~ Do Seek to KNOW (English & Chinese).pptxOH TEIK BIN
A PowerPoint Presentation based on the Dhamma teaching of Kamma-Vipaka (Intentional Actions-Ripening Effects).
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The forces involved in this witchcraft spell will re-establish the loving bond between you and help to build a strong, loving relationship from which to start anew. Despite any previous hardships or problems, the spell work will re-establish the strong bonds of friendship and love upon which the marriage and relationship originated. Have faith, these stop divorce and stop separation spells are extremely powerful and will reconnect you and your partner in a strong and harmonious relationship.
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1. The culture of the Philippines reflects the country's complex history. It is a blend of the Malayo-
Polynesian and Hispanic cultures, with influence from Chinese, Indians, Arabs, and other Asian cultures.
The Philippines was first settled by Melanesians, today they preserve a very traditional way of life and
culture, although their numbers are few. After them, the Austronesians or more specifically; Malayo-
Polynesians, arrived on the islands. Today the Austronesian culture is very evident in the ethnicity,
language, food, dance and almost every aspect of the culture. These Austronesians engaged in trading
with China, India, the Middle East, Borneo, Ryukyu and other places, as a result their cultures have also
left a mark on Filipino culture.
When the Spanish colonized the islands, after more than three centuries of colonization, they had heavily
impacted the culture. The Philippines being governed from both Mexico and Spain, had received lots of
Hispanic influence. Mexican and Spanish influence can be seen in the language, ethnicity, dance, food,
religion, architecture, costumes, festivals, crafts and many other aspects of the culture. After being
colonized by Spain, the Philippines became a U.S. territory for about 40 years. Influence from the United
States is seen in the wide use of the English language, and the modern pop culture.
Contents
1 Religion
2 Filipino arts
o 2.1 Literature
o 2.2 Visual arts
2.2.1 Painting
2.2.2 Indigenous art
2.2.3 Kut-kut art
2.2.4 Islamic art
o 2.3 Performing arts
2.3.1 Music
2.3.2 Dance
o 2.4 Cinema and television
o 2.5 Architecture
3 Cuisine
4 Martial arts
5 Education
6 Sports
o 6.1 Traditional Filipino games
7 Indigenous groups
2. 8 Philippine diaspora
9 Celebrations
o 9.1 Regular holidays
o 9.2 Special holidays
o 9.3 Festivals
10 See also
11 References
12 Further reading
13 External links
[edit]Religion
Main articles: Religion in the Philippines and Philippine mythology
The San Agustin Church in Manila was built in 1607. It is the oldest stone church still standing in the Philippines.
The Philippines is one of two predominantly Roman Catholic nations in Asia-Pacific, the other being East
Timor. From a census in 2000, Catholics constitute 82.9% (Roman Catholic 80.9%, Aglipayan 2%),
with Evangelical Christians at 2.8%, Iglesia Ni Cristo at 2.3%, and other Christian denominations at
4.5%. Islam is the religion for 5% of the population, while 1.8% practice other religions. The remaining 0.6
[1]
did not specify a religion while 0.1% are irreligious.
Before the arrival of the Spaniards and the introduction of Roman Catholicism andWestern culture in the
16th century, the indigenous Austronesian people of what is now called the Philippines were adherents of
[2]
a mixture of shamanistic Animism,Islam, Hinduism and Vajrayana Buddhism.
[edit]Filipino arts
3. Main article: Arts of the Philippines
Arts of the Philippines cover a variety of forms of entertainment. Folk art andPrimitive art consist of classic
and modern features that flourished as a result of European and Indigenous influences.
[edit]Literature
Main article: Literature of the Philippines
The literature of the Philippines illustrates the Prehistory and European colonial legacy of the Philippines,
written in both Indigenous and Hispanic writing system. Most of the traditional literatures of the Philippines
were written during the Mexican and Spanish period. Philippine literature is written
in Spanish, English, Tagalog, and/or other native Philippine languages.
[edit]Visual arts
[edit]Painting
A Bontoc warrior (c. 1908) showing the characteristic tattoos of some indigenous Filipino cultures.
Early Filipino painting can be found in red slip (clay mixed with water) designs embellished on the ritual
pottery of the Philippines such as the acclaimedManunggul Jar. Evidence of Philippine pottery-making
dated as early as 6,000 BC has been found in Sanga-sanga Cave, Sulu and Laurente Cave, Cagayan. It
has been proven that by 5,000 BC, the making of pottery was practiced throughout the country. Early
Filipinos started making pottery before their Cambodian neighbors, and at about the same time as the
Thais as part of what appears to be a widespread Ice Age development of pottery technology.
Further evidences of painting are manifested in the tattoo tradition of early Filipinos, whom the
[3][4]
Portuguese explorer referred to as Pintados or the 'Painted People' of the Visayas. Various designs
referencing flora and fauna with heavenly bodies decorate their bodies in various colored pigmentation.
Perhaps, some of the most elaborate painting done by early Filipinos that survive to the present day can
4. be manifested among the arts and architecture of the Maranao who are well known for the Naga Dragons
and the Sarimanok carved and painted in the beautiful Panolong of their Torogan or King's House.
[5]
Filipinos began creating paintings in the European tradition during 17th century Spanish period. The
earliest of these paintings were Church frescoes, religious imagery from Biblical sources, as well as
engravings, sculptures and lithographs featuring Christian icons and European nobility. Most of the
paintings and sculptures between the 19th and 20th centuries produced a mixture of religious, political,
and landscape art works, with qualities of sweetness, dark, and light.
Early modernist painters such as Damián Domingo was associated with religious and secular paintings.
The art of Juan Lunaand Felix Hidalgo showed a trend for political statement. The first Philippine national
artist Fernando Amorsolo used post-modernism to produce paintings that illustrated Philippine culture,
nature and harmony. While other artist such as Fernando Zóbel used realities and abstract on his work. In
the early 1980s, other unique folk artist exist one of these is Elito Circa asamangpintor the famous Filipino
folk painter. He uses his own hair to make his paintbrushes, and signs his name with his own blood on
the right side of his paintings. He developed his own styles without professional training or guidance from
masters.
[edit]Indigenous art
The Itneg people are known for their intricate woven fabrics. The binakol is a blanket which features
designs that incorporate optical illusions. Woven fabrics of the Ga'dang people usually have bright red
tones. Their weaving can also be identified by beaded ornamentation. Other peoples such as the Ilongot
make jewelry from pearl, red hornbill beaks, plants, and metals.
The Lumad peoples of Mindanao such as the B'laan, Mandaya, Mansaka and T'boli are skilled in the art
of dyeing abaca fiber.Abaca is a plant closely related to bananas, and its leaves are used to make fiber
known as Manila hemp. The fiber is dyed by a method called ikat. Ikat fiber are woven into cloth with
geometric patterns depicting human, animal and plant themes.
[edit]Kut-kut art
A technique combining ancient Oriental and European art process. Considered lost art and highly
collectible art form. Very few known art pieces existed today. The technique was practiced by the
indigenous people of Samar Island between early 1600 and late 1800 A.D. Kut-kut is an exotic Philippine
art form based on early century techniques—sgraffito, encaustic and layering. The merging of these
ancient styles produces a unique artwork characterized by delicate swirling interwoven lines, multi-
layered texture and an illusion of three-dimensional space.
[edit]Islamic art
Islamic art in the Philippines have two main artistic styles. One is a curved-line woodcarving and
metalworking called okir, similar to the Middle Eastern Islamic art. This style is associated with men. The
other style is geometric tapestries, and is associated with women. The Tausug and Sama–Bajau exhibit
their okir on elaborate markings with boat-like imagery. The Marananaos make similar carvings on
housings called torogan. Weapons made by Muslim Filipinos such as the kampilan are skillfully carved.
[edit]Performing arts
[edit]Music
Main article: Music in the Philippines
5. The Philippine Palabuniyan Kulintangmusicians performing the Kulintanginstruments which is the music of
theMaguindanao people.
The early music of the Philippines featured a mixture of Indigenous, Islamic and a variety of Asian sounds
that flourished before the European and American colonization in the 16th and 20th centuries. Spanish
settlers and Filipinos played a variety of musical instruments,
including flutes, guitar, ukelele, violin, trumpets anddrums. They performed songs and dances to
celebrate festive occasions. By the 21st century, many of the folk songs and dances have remained intact
throughout the Philippines. Some of the groups that perform these folk songs and dances are
the Bayanihan, Filipinescas, Barangay-Barrio, Hariraya, the Karilagan Ensemble, and groups associated
with the guilds of Manila, and Fort Santiago theatres. Many Filipino musicians have risen prominence
such as the composer and conductor Antonio J. Molina, the composer Felipe P. de Leon, known for his
nationalistic themes and the opera singer Jovita Fuentes.
Modern day Philippine music features several styles. Most music genres are contemporary such
as Filipino rock, Filipino hip hop and other musical styles. Some are traditional such as Filipino folk music.
[edit]Dance
A Chavacano dance in Philippine Hispanic tradition.
Philippine folk dances include the Tinikling and Cariñosa. In the southern region of Mindanao, Singkil is a
popular dance showcasing the story of a prince and princess in the forest. Bamboo poles are arranged in
[6]
a tic-tac-toe pattern in which the dancers exploit every position of these clashing poles. Guide to
Philippine Cultural and Folk Dances
[edit]Cinema and television
Main article: Cinema of the Philippines
6. The advent of the cinema of the Philippines can be traced back to the early days offilmmaking in 1897
when a Spanish theater owner screened imported moving pictures.
Mila del Sol starred in one of the earliest Filipino movies, Giliw Ko(1939), along with Fernando Poe, Sr..
The formative years of Philippine cinema, starting from the 1930s, were a time of discovery of film as a
new medium of expressing artworks. Scripts and characterizations in films came from popular theater
shows and Philippine literature.
In the 1940s, Philippine cinema brought the consciousness of reality in its film industry. Nationalistic films
became popular, and movie themes consisting primarily of war and heroism and proved to be successful
with Philippine audiences.
[7][8]
The 1950s saw the first golden age of Philippine cinema, with the emergence of more artistic and
mature films, and significant improvement in cinematic techniques among filmmakers. The studio system
produced frenetic activity in the Philippine film industry as many films were made annually and several
local talents started to gain recognition abroad. Award-winning filmmakers and actors were first
introduced during this period. As the decade drew to a close, the studio system monopoly came under
siege as a result of labor-management conflicts. By the 1960s, the artistry established in the previous
years was in decline. This era can be characterized by rampant commercialism in films.
The 1970s and 1980s were considered turbulent years for the Philippine film industry, bringing both
positive and negative changes. The films in this period dealt with more serious topics following the Martial
law era. In addition, action, western, drama, adult and comedy films developed further in picture quality,
sound and writing. The 1980s brought the arrival of alternative or independent cinema in the Philippines.
The 1990s saw the emerging popularity of drama, teen-oriented romantic comedy, adult, comedy and
[8]
action films.
The Philippines, being one of Asia's earliest film industry producers, remains undisputed in terms of the
highest level of theater admission in Asia. Over the years, however, the Philippine film industry has
[9][10]
registered a steady decline in movie viewership from 131 million in 1996 to 63 million in 2004. From a
high production rate of 350 films a year in the 1950s, and 200 films a year during the 1980s, the
[9][10]
Philippine film industry production rate declined in 2006 to 2007. The 21st century saw the rebirth of
independent filmmaking through the use of digital technology and a number of films have once again
earned nationwide recognition and prestige.
7. [edit]Architecture
Calle Crisologo in Vigan, Ilocos Sur, showing typical Hispanic architecture
The Nipa hut (Bahay Kubo) is the mainstream form of housing. It is characterized by use of simple
materials such as bamboo and coconut as the main sources of wood.Cogon grass, Nipa palm leaves and
coconut fronds are used as roof thatching. Most primitive homes are built on stilts due to frequent flooding
during the rainy season. Regional variations include the use of thicker, and denser roof thatching in
mountain areas, or longer stilts on coastal areas particularly if the structure is built over water. The
architecture of other indigenous peoples may be characterized by an angular wooden roofs, bamboo in
place of leafy thatching and ornate wooden carvings.
The Spaniards introduced stones as housing and building materials. The introduction
of Christianity brought European churches, and architecture which subsequently became the center of
most towns and cities. Spanish architecture can be found inIntramuros, Vigan, Iloilo, Jaro and other parts
of the Philippines. Islamic and other Asian architecture can also be seen depicted on buildings such
as mosques and temples.
The Coconut Palace is an example of Philippine Architecture.
Contemporary architecture has a distinctively Western style although pre-Hispanic housing is still
common in rural areas. American style suburban-gated communities are popular in the cities, including
Manila, and the surrounding provinces.
[edit]Cuisine
Main article: Philippine cuisine
Filipinos cook a variety of foods influenced by Western and Asian cuisine. The Philippines is considered a
melting pot of Asia.
Eating out is a favorite Filipino past time. A typical Pinoy diet consists at most of six meals a day;
breakfast, snacks, lunch, snacks, dinner, and again a midnight snack before going to sleep. Rice is a
staple in the Filipino diet, and is usually eaten together with other dishes. Filipinos regularly use spoons
together with forks and knives. Some also eat with their hands, especially in informal settings, and when
eating seafood. Rice, corn, and popular dishes such as adobo (a meat stew made from
either pork or chicken), lumpia (meat or vegetable rolls), pancit (a noodle dish), and lechón (roasted pig)
are served on plates.
8. A roasted pig known as the Lechón, one of the Philippines most popular dishes.
Other popular dishes brought from Spanish and Southeast Asian influences include
afritada, asado, chorizo, empanadas, mani (roasted peanuts), paksiw (fish or pork, cooked in vinegar and
water with some spices like garlic and pepper), pan de sal(bread rolls), pescado frito (fried or grilled
fish), sisig, torta (omelette), kare-kare (ox-tail stew), kilawen, pinakbet (vegetable stew), pinapaitan,
and sinigang (tamarindsoup with a variety of pork, fish, or prawns). Some delicacies eaten by some
Filipinos may seem unappetizing to the Western palate include balut (boiled eggwith a fertilized duckling
inside), longanisa (sweet sausage), and dinuguan (soup made from pork blood).
Popular snacks and desserts such as chicharon (deep fried pork or chicken skin),halo-halo (crushed ice
with evaporated milk, flan, and sliced tropical fruit), puto(white rice cakes), bibingka (rice cake
with butter or margarine and salted eggs),ensaymada (sweet roll with grated cheese on
top), polvoron (powder candy), andtsokolate (chocolate) are usually eaten outside the three main meals.
Popular Philippine beverages include San Miguel Beer, Tanduay Rhum, coconut arrack, and tuba.
Every province has its own specialty and tastes vary in each region. In Bicol, for example, foods are
generally spicier than elsewhere in the Philippines. Patis, suka, toyo, bagoong, and banana catsup are
the most common condiments found in Filipino homes and restaurants. Western fast food chains such
as McDonald's, Wendy's, KFC, and Pizza Hut are a common sight in the country.
[edit]Martial arts
Main article: Filipino martial arts
Filipino martial arts is a term used to describe the numerous martial art forms that originated in
the Philippines, similar to howSilat describes the martial arts practiced in Asia. Filipino martial arts
include Eskrima (emphasizes weapon-based fighting, also known as Arnis and in the West sometimes
as Kali), Panantukan (empty-handed techniques), and Pananjakman (the boxing component of Filipino
martial arts).
[edit]Education
Main articles: Education in the Philippines and Higher education in the Philippines
Education in the Philippines has been influenced by Western and Eastern ideology and philosophy from
the United States, Spain, and its neighbouring Asian countries. Philippine students enter public school at
about age four, starting from nursery school up to kindergarten. At about seven years of age, students
9. enter elementary school (6 to 7 years). This is followed by high school (5 years). Students then take the
college entrance examinations (CEE), after which they enter college or university (3 to 5 years). Other
types of schools include private school, preparatory school, international school, laboratory high school,
and science high school. Of these schools, private Catholic schools are the most famous. Catholic
schools are preferred in the Philippines due to their religious beliefs. Most Catholic schools are unisex.
The uniforms of Catholic schools usually have an emblem along with the school colors.
The school year in the Philippines starts in June and ends in March, with a two-month summer break from
April to May, two-week semestral break in October and Christmas and New Year's holidays.
In 2005, the Philippines spent about US$138 per pupil compared to US$1,582 in Singapore, US$3,728
[11]
in Japan, and US$852 inThailand.
[edit]Sports
Main article: Sports in the Philippines
A professional basketball game being played in the country. Basketball has regarded many Filipinos, as the most popular
sport in the Philippines.
[12]
Arnis, a form of martial arts, is the national sport in the Philippines. Among the most popular sports
include basketball, boxing, football, billiards, chess, ten-pin bowling, volleyball, horse racing,
and cockfighting. Dodgeball and badminton are also popular.
Filipinos have gained international success in sports. These are boxing, football,billiards, ten-pin bowling,
and chess. Popular sport stars include Manny Pacquiao,Flash Elorde, and Francisco Guilledo in
boxing, Paulino Alcántara in football, Carlos Loyzaga, Robert Jaworski, and Ramon Fernandez in
basketball, Efren Reyes andFrancisco Bustamante in billiards, Rafael Nepomuceno in ten-pin
bowling, Eugene Torre in chess, and Mark Munoz in MMA.
The Palarong Pambansa, a national sports festival, has its origin in an annual sporting meet of public
schools that started in 1948. Private schools and universities eventually joined the national event, which
became known as the "Palarong Pambansa" in 1976. It serves as a national Olympic Games for students,
competing at school and national level contests.
The year 2002 event included football, golf, archery, badminton, baseball,
chess, gymnastics, tennis, softball, swimming, table tennis, taekwondo, track and field, and volleyball.
[edit]Traditional Filipino games
Main article: List of traditional Filipino games
10. One Traditional Filipino game is luksong tinik. A very popular game to Filipino children where one has to
[13]
jump over the tinik and cross to the other side unscathed. Other traditional Filipino games include yo-
yo, piko, patintero, bahay kubo, pusoy, and sungka. Tong-its is a popular gambling game. Individuals play
[14][14][15]
the game by trying to get rid of all the cards by choosing poker hands wisely. Sungka is played on
a board game using small sea shells in which players try to take all shells. The winner is determined by
[16]
who has the most shells at the point when all small pits become empty. Filipinos have created toys
using insects such as tying a beetle to string, and sweeping it circular rotation to make an interesting
sound. The "Salagubang gong" is a toy described by Charles Brtjes, an American entomologist, who
traveled to Negros and discovered a toy using beetles to create a periodic gong effect on a kerosene can
[17]
as the beetle rotates above the contraption.
[edit]Indigenous groups
Main article: Indigenous peoples of the Philippines
A Negrito woman.
The Manobo people, one of the Lumad peoples of Mindanao
11. The Indigenous peoples of the Philippinesconsist of a large number of Austronesian ethnic groups. They
are the descendants of the original Austronesian inhabitants of the Philippines, that settled in the islands
[18]
thousands of years ago, and in the process have retained their Indigenous customs and traditions.
In 1990, more than 100 highland peoples constituted approximately 3% of the Philippine population. Over
the centuries, the isolated highland peoples have retained their Indigenous cultures. The folk arts of these
groups were, in a sense, the last remnants of Indigenous traditions that flourished throughout the
Philippines before the Islamic and Spanish contacts.
The highland peoples are a primitive ethnic group like other Filipinos, although they did not, as a group,
have as much contact with the outside world. These peoples displayed a variety of native cultural
expressions and artistic skills. They showed a high degree of creativity such as the production of bowls,
baskets, clothing, weapons and spoons. These peoples ranged from various groups of Igorot people, a
group that includes the Bontoc, Ibaloi, Ifugao, Isneg, Kalinga and Kankana-ey, who built the Rice
Terraces thousands of years ago. They have also covered a wide spectrum in terms of their integration
and acculturation with Christian Filipinos. Other Indigenous peoples include the Lumad peoples of the
highlands of Mindanao. These groups have remained isolated from Western and Eastern influences.
[edit]Philippine diaspora
Main article: Overseas Filipino
An Overseas Filipino is a person of Filipino origin, who lives outside of the Philippines. This term is
applied to people of Filipino ancestry, who are citizens or residents of a different country. Often, these
Filipinos are referred to as Overseas Filipino Workers.
There are about 11 million overseas Filipinos living worldwide, equivalent to about 11% of the total
[19]
population of the Philippines.
Each year, thousands of Filipinos migrate to work abroad through overseas employment agencies and
other programs. Other individuals emigrate and become permanent residents of other nations. Overseas
Filipinos often work as doctors, nurses, accountants, IT professionals, engineers,
[20]
architects, entertainers, technicians, teachers, military servicemen, students, caregivers, domestic
helpers, and household maids.
International employment includes an increasing number of skilled Filipino workers taking on unskilled
work overseas, resulting in what has been referred to as brain drain, particularly in the health and
education sectors. Also, the employment can result inunderemployment, for example, in cases where
doctors undergo retraining to become nurses and other employment programs.
[edit]Celebrations