The document discusses cross-platform mobile application development. It describes native apps, web apps, and hybrid apps. Native apps are developed for a specific platform but have full access to device features. Web apps use web technologies but have limited access to device APIs. Hybrid apps combine web technologies with native wrappers to bridge web apps and device features. The document then examines various cross-platform frameworks like PhoneGap, Titanium, Sencha Touch, and jQuery Mobile, outlining their advantages and disadvantages. It concludes by noting areas where cross-platform development may be restrictive compared to native development.

1. Cross-Platform based mobile
application development
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5. A self-contained program or piece of software
designed to fulfill a particular purpose; an
application, especially as downloaded by a user to
a mobile device.
Native Apps development approaches
cross platform development approaches
Web Approach
• Hybrid Approach
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6. Binary executable files on the device.
Can access all API’s made available by OS vendor.
SDK’s are platform-specific.
Each mobile OS comes with its own unique tools and GUI toolkit.
A native application (native app) is an application
program that has been developed for use on a
particular platform or device.
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7. Easy low-level hardware access services.
Easy access to high level services important to personal mobile
experience.
Full use of all functionalities that modern mobile devices have to
offer.
High usability
 Code Reusability : Low
Development & maintenance: Time-consuming & expensive.
Designers are required to be familiar with different UI
components of each OS.
Upgrade flexibility: Low.
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8. A Web application (Web app) is an
application program that is stored on a
remote server and delivered over the
Internet through a browser interface.
• Use standard web technologies such as HTML 5, CSS 3
& JavaScript.
• Features of HTML 5 - Advanced UI components, access
to rich media types, geolocation services & offline
availability.
• Increasing popularity of HTML 5 in rendering engines
such as WebKit.
• Runs on a standalone mobile web browser.
• Installed shortcut, launched like a native app.10/29/2015 8

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Multiplatform support.
Low development cost.
Leverage existing knowledge.
 Limited access to OS API’s.

10. • Combines native development with web technology.
• The web app runs inside a thin wrapper native app.
• The wrapper native app uses the OS API’s to create an embedded HTML
rendering engine which provides a bridge between the browser and
device API’s.
• The communication between web app and native app normally happens
over JavaScript via custom built API’s.
ADVANTAGES:
• Flexibility of web apps combined with feature richness of native apps.
• Simplified deployment and immediate availability.
• Leverage existing knowledge.
DISADVANTAGES:
• Poorer user experience as compared to native apps.
• Access to advanced device capabilities normally restricted.
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11. Why Cross Platform ?
• Greater Reach
• One Instead of Many - Cost effective
• Easy Marketing
• Uniform Look and Feel
• Use of Known Technologies
• HTML5 vs. Mobile Developers
• Code Is Reusable
• Reduced Development Costs
• Easy access to plugins
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12. REQUIREMENTS OF A CROSS-PLATFORM FRAMEWORK
• Multiple mobile platform support
• Rich user interface
• Back-end communication
• Security
• Power consumption
• Accessing built-in features
• Open source
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13. GENERAL ARCHITECTURE OF CROSS PLATFORM
APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
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15. PhoneGap
• PhoneGap also known as ‘Apache Cordova’
• Developed by Adobe Systems
• Free and opensource
• Apps written in HTML5, CSS3 and Javascript
• Support for Android, iOS, Blackberry, WebOS, Windows
Phone and Symbian
• Apache Cordova is the heart of the backend.
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16. Advantages
• Development skills required only in technologies JavaScript,
HTML5, CSS3
• No need to learn other complicated languages to create mobile
apps
• Existing developers can be a part of PhoneGap and increase the
user base.
• Leverage from tons of libraries.
Disadvantages
• Low performance, if your mobile app includes a lot of graphics
• Documentation is not very descriptive
• Unclear information ,directions and other best practices to
make the app better.
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17. Titanium
• Developed by Appcelerator Inc.
• Titanium is free and opensource
• Web Programming languages such as PHP, JavaScript, HTML, Python and
Ruby.
• Support to build Android, iOS and Blackberry Apps, trying to extend
support for Windows.
• Device Specific Functionality – No built in support for Bluetooth and
NFC.
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18. Advantages:
• Very rapid development
• Best choice for app that not expected to be a graphic
intensive one
• Great for testing prototyping and developing of iOS
and Android apps
• All it takes to start is Javascript
Disadvantages:
• No support for using third party libraries
• Bad documentation
• Loading data from remote sources is very slow
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19. Sencha Touch
• a powerful yet a complex framework
• Apps written in HML5 and CSS3.
• Faster, Cheaper and highly customizable
• More than 500,000 developers
• Rich set of documentation
• Sencha Touch can be used to develop UI’s for mobile web
applications that have a look and feel like those of native
applications
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20. Advantages
• It includes a large library of standard UI components.
• Easy to integrate external Javascript libraries .
• Documentation is very good.
• Comes with a technically mature set of tools development
• Commercial training and support is available.
• 3rd-party extensions available
Disadvantages
• Sencha Touch is not Open Source
• applications are written by using only Javascript
• Some animations are realized using Javascript, rather than CSS
for compatibility reasons.
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21. jQuery Mobile
JQuery Mobile is built on top of JQuery API
Advantages
• Ease of use
• Large library
• Can create our own theme using the ThemeRoller
Disadvantages
• Functionality may be limited
• JQuery javascript file required.
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22. Where the cross platform fails?
• Loss of Flexibility
• Firmware update may not include all supporting
features
• Restrictive tools
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