Critical and Analytical Thinking
Critical thinkingWord ‘critical’ has positive and negative meaningsThe word ‘critical’ in academia describes your attitude when reading an article/chapterBeing critical means weighing up the arguments for and against a particular point.
*
Not just the bad parts
How to think criticallyBe persistent – consider an issue carefully more than onceLook at the evidence for a viewpoint – evaluate it – what are they trying to ‘sell’ me?What are the implications of a view point – is it realistic and rational?Knowing facts and what is right is not what academics is aboutIt is important to identify strengths, satisfactory points and weaknesses when being critical – then you must know why this is soYou should be critical when reading, writing and listening
*
Need to fully understand an argument before you can be critical – be confident
Evaluate=what is the value/effectiveness of something, inc. own opinion and supporting each point with evidence
Question the credibility
You are just assessing ideas not learning the answers
Only want informed opinions
Analytical thinkingBeing analytical mean to look deeper into what is being saidDo not take what you read as ‘given’Evaluate what is being argued – do you agree with it?To be analytical is to question what you read
*
Not just reading what is said but ‘thinking’ about it
How to think analyticallyThink about the view point in relation to the bigger picture – stand backCompare the same issue from the point of other authors – do their views differ?Should be able to see why authors have arrived at different conclusionsYou should be able to argue why you think one set of view points is preferable to anotherYou should be analytical when reading, writing and listening
*
Think about your readings together, put into context
You should be asking why a conclusion has been made – need full understanding for this
Barriers to critical and analytical thinkingBeing critical does not just mean criticiseOur reasoning skills are not objective – we are biased ourselvesReluctance to criticise expertsWanting to know what is right and wrongNot reading deeply enough around a subject – surface knowledge
*
Not always black and white there are lots of grey areas in academics
Being analytical and critical is hard work, you have to read carefully and widely
Critical and analytical readingPrepare for critical reading – skim read the introduction and conclusionFind the conclusions first to help clarify the rest of the readingWhat is the underlying argument/ view point?Question hidden agendas or assumptionsTheory can help fill in the gaps – what is theory?
- set of ideas to explain why something happens and predict outcomes in the futureArguments are often based on theory but an argument is not always a theory
Critical and analytical readingWhere is the evidence for a view point?Check references – are they presented accurately and are they credible? - evaluate that evidence –.
1000 - 1500 word argumentative essay PROMPT Is putting yourse.docxalisondakintxt
1000 - 1500 word argumentative essay
PROMPT: Is putting yourself first a good approach to life?
FAQ
· How should I get started?
· Have the Personal Responsibility and Critical Thinking Rubrics open in front of you. Your grade will be assessed according to these two rubrics. Scroll down for these rubrics.
· Some questions to ask yourself as you are brainstorming: What does "putting yourself first" mean as you see it? What are the consequences of living this way? How would you describe the opposite of "putting yourself first"? If you had to choose between them, which way of life is better? Do you have to choose between them? If you disagree with your friend who thinks life is about putting oneself first as much as possible whenever possible, how would you persuade your friend that life is not a selfish or self-indulgent pursuit? How do you justify that your own actions are altruistic, and to what end do you pursue acts in the interest of others? Do you do so with the same passion as you do endeavors that fulfill a want or a need in your own life? Once you have entertained the above questions, carve out a thesis statement that states clearly whether or not "put yourself first" is a good approach to life and why.
· Early in your essay, describe how you understand "putting yourself first". It's important to define how you view this way of life before either advocating for it or rejecting it.
· Look up any information that you may need to check your biases. Suppose you intend to argue that rich people get ahead because they do not donate to charity. You might first explore studies to verify whether or not this is true. Who gives more to charity, the rich or the poor?
Have the facts.
· Argue for your thesis throughout your essay.
· Address objections to your position.
· How should this essay relate to Chapter 2?
· When writing this essay, you are not required to discuss the theories of meaning from Chapter 2 unless you find them relevant to "put yourself first". Focus the entirety of your essay on "put yourself first" and direct alternatives to this way of life as you draw upon the "big picture" from Chapter 2, that is the consequences of having a theory of meaning at all.
· In drafting this essay, I recommend that you also read section 8-3 of The Big Questions and the 1000 Word Philosophy link that I have posted below. Scroll, scroll.
· How many sources do I need to cite?
· You
must site some sources. See the Evidence component of the Critical Thinking Rubric. Though there is no minimum number of cited sources beyond our textbook, sometimes you need to refer to other source material in making your argument. Whenever you discuss content that should be backed up with a source, be sure to incorporate accurate sources and cite them.
· What format and style of citation should I use?
Use MLA. Academic philosophers use Chicago Manual. If you continue studies in philosophy, you will learn Chicago Manual; however, fo.
LaneThinking about Thinking Using the Elements of Thoug.docxsmile790243
Lane
Thinking about Thinking:
Using the Elements of Thought to
Determine the Logic of _____
Assess your writing
Assess someone else’s writing
Assess or evaluate _________
The elements of thought are...
Purpose of
the
Thinking
goal, objective
Concepts
theories,
definitions,
axioms, laws,
principles,
models
Assumptions
Information
data, facts,
observations,
experiences
Points of
View
frame
of reference,
perspective,
orentation
Question at
issue
problem
Interpretation &
Inference
conclusions, solutions
Consequences
and
Implications
THINKING ABOUT THINKING
How can we know what to believe when the facts are confusing and experts disagree? As you learn about environmental science-in this book and elsewhere-you will find many issues about which the data are indecisive, leading reasonable people to disagree on how they should be interpreted. How can we choose between competing claims? Is it simply a matter of what feels good at any particular moment, or are there objective ways to evaluate arguments? Critical thinking skills can help us form a rational basis for deciding what to believe and do. These skills foster reflective and systematic analysis to help us bring order out of chaos, discover hidden ideas and meanings, develop strategies for evaluating reasons and conclusions in arguments, and avoid jumping to conclusions. Developing rational analytic skills is an important part of your education and will give you useful tools for life.
Certain attitudes, tendencies and dispositions are essential for critical or reflective thinking. Among these are;
· Skepticism and independence. Question authority. Don't believe everything you hear or read, including this book. Even the experts can be wrong.
· Open-mindedness and flexibility. Be willing to consider differing points of view and entertain alternative explanations.
· Accuracy and orderliness. Strive for as much precision as the subject permits or warrants. Deal systematically with parts of a complex whole.
· Persistence and relevance. Stick to the main point and avoid allowing diversions or personal biases to lead you astray.
· Contextual sensitivity and empathy. Consider the total situation, feelings, level of knowledge, and sophistication of others as you study situations. Try and put yourself in another person's place to understand his or her position.
· Decisiveness and courage. Draw conclusions and take a stand when the evidence warrants doing so.
· Humility. Realize that you may be wrong and that you may have to reconsider in the future.
Critical thinking is sometimes called metacognition or "thinking about thinking." It is not critical in the sense of finding fault but rather is an attempt to rationally plan how to think about a problem. It requires a self-conscious monitoring of the process while you are doing it and an evaluation of how your strategy worked and what you learned when you have finished. Assembling, understanding, and evaluat ...
The knowledge of your Learning Patterns provides you with an .docxjmindy
“The knowledge of your Learning Patterns provides you with an explanation
of how you learn, not an excuse for failing to put forth the effort to learn.”
—Christine A. Johnston (2010, p. 107)
4Developing an Adept Mind
keithpix/iStock/Thinkstock
Learning Outcomes
After reading this chapter, you should be able to
• Define the term adept mind.
• Explain the role critical thinking plays in becoming a successful student.
• Demonstrate critical reading within the college learning context.
• Describe how your Patterns affect your critical-reading skills.
• Demonstrate critical writing within the college learning context.
• Describe how your Patterns affect your critical-writing skills.
• Explain how critical-thinking skills contribute to academic integrity.
“In order to thrive in the 21st Century, intentional learners should be
empowered through a mastery of intellectual and practical skills, informed
about forms of inquiry, and responsible for their personal actions.”
—J. Doherty and K. Ketchner (2005, p. 1)
Section 4.2Becoming a Critical Thinker
4.1 The Adept Mind
Chapter 3 was devoted to helping you understand how to use metacognition, the learning
techniques known as decoding and FITing, and personalized strategies to become a more
intentional learner. This chapter builds on that knowledge by framing how to use your Learn-
ing Patterns to develop an adept mind.
The adept mind helps you succeed in all areas of life. It is one that makes good decisions and
can discern the difference between fact and fiction. It studies a situation’s complexity, weighs
the facts, examines the logic behind a choice, and determines whether a choice is appropriate.
The adept mind is intentional, stable, and often methodical and always seeks to improve its
efficiency and effectiveness. The adept mind is vital not only to the work of a student, but also
to the experience of being a parent, employee, or volunteer. No matter what you are called
on to do in life, you will need an adept mind to navigate the change you encounter and the
growth you seek.
The adept mind uses the critical skills of thinking, reading, and writing—skills this chap-
ter explores in depth—and uses them with integrity. The word critical is not one students
embrace easily. It has a negative connotation and suggests that someone has found fault with
something you have done. It conjures up images of a scolding voice, red pen marks, or nega-
tive comments. When applied to thinking, reading, and writing, however, the word critical
takes on a different meaning. To be critical means to delve deeper into a topic to better under-
stand, evaluate, and take a position on it. As you will see at the end of the chapter, being criti-
cal also means becoming able to use your research with honesty and originality.
4.2 Becoming a Critical Thinker
When you engage in critical think-
ing, you embark on an ongoing quest
to improve how you think. Thinking
critically requires you to b.
Critical Thinking and Writing- Dr Ryan Thomas WilliamsRyan Williams
"Most formal definitions characterize critical thinking as the intentional application of rational, higher order thinking skills, such as analysis, synthesis, problem recognition and problem solving, inference, and evaluation"
1000 - 1500 word argumentative essay PROMPT Is putting yourse.docxalisondakintxt
1000 - 1500 word argumentative essay
PROMPT: Is putting yourself first a good approach to life?
FAQ
· How should I get started?
· Have the Personal Responsibility and Critical Thinking Rubrics open in front of you. Your grade will be assessed according to these two rubrics. Scroll down for these rubrics.
· Some questions to ask yourself as you are brainstorming: What does "putting yourself first" mean as you see it? What are the consequences of living this way? How would you describe the opposite of "putting yourself first"? If you had to choose between them, which way of life is better? Do you have to choose between them? If you disagree with your friend who thinks life is about putting oneself first as much as possible whenever possible, how would you persuade your friend that life is not a selfish or self-indulgent pursuit? How do you justify that your own actions are altruistic, and to what end do you pursue acts in the interest of others? Do you do so with the same passion as you do endeavors that fulfill a want or a need in your own life? Once you have entertained the above questions, carve out a thesis statement that states clearly whether or not "put yourself first" is a good approach to life and why.
· Early in your essay, describe how you understand "putting yourself first". It's important to define how you view this way of life before either advocating for it or rejecting it.
· Look up any information that you may need to check your biases. Suppose you intend to argue that rich people get ahead because they do not donate to charity. You might first explore studies to verify whether or not this is true. Who gives more to charity, the rich or the poor?
Have the facts.
· Argue for your thesis throughout your essay.
· Address objections to your position.
· How should this essay relate to Chapter 2?
· When writing this essay, you are not required to discuss the theories of meaning from Chapter 2 unless you find them relevant to "put yourself first". Focus the entirety of your essay on "put yourself first" and direct alternatives to this way of life as you draw upon the "big picture" from Chapter 2, that is the consequences of having a theory of meaning at all.
· In drafting this essay, I recommend that you also read section 8-3 of The Big Questions and the 1000 Word Philosophy link that I have posted below. Scroll, scroll.
· How many sources do I need to cite?
· You
must site some sources. See the Evidence component of the Critical Thinking Rubric. Though there is no minimum number of cited sources beyond our textbook, sometimes you need to refer to other source material in making your argument. Whenever you discuss content that should be backed up with a source, be sure to incorporate accurate sources and cite them.
· What format and style of citation should I use?
Use MLA. Academic philosophers use Chicago Manual. If you continue studies in philosophy, you will learn Chicago Manual; however, fo.
LaneThinking about Thinking Using the Elements of Thoug.docxsmile790243
Lane
Thinking about Thinking:
Using the Elements of Thought to
Determine the Logic of _____
Assess your writing
Assess someone else’s writing
Assess or evaluate _________
The elements of thought are...
Purpose of
the
Thinking
goal, objective
Concepts
theories,
definitions,
axioms, laws,
principles,
models
Assumptions
Information
data, facts,
observations,
experiences
Points of
View
frame
of reference,
perspective,
orentation
Question at
issue
problem
Interpretation &
Inference
conclusions, solutions
Consequences
and
Implications
THINKING ABOUT THINKING
How can we know what to believe when the facts are confusing and experts disagree? As you learn about environmental science-in this book and elsewhere-you will find many issues about which the data are indecisive, leading reasonable people to disagree on how they should be interpreted. How can we choose between competing claims? Is it simply a matter of what feels good at any particular moment, or are there objective ways to evaluate arguments? Critical thinking skills can help us form a rational basis for deciding what to believe and do. These skills foster reflective and systematic analysis to help us bring order out of chaos, discover hidden ideas and meanings, develop strategies for evaluating reasons and conclusions in arguments, and avoid jumping to conclusions. Developing rational analytic skills is an important part of your education and will give you useful tools for life.
Certain attitudes, tendencies and dispositions are essential for critical or reflective thinking. Among these are;
· Skepticism and independence. Question authority. Don't believe everything you hear or read, including this book. Even the experts can be wrong.
· Open-mindedness and flexibility. Be willing to consider differing points of view and entertain alternative explanations.
· Accuracy and orderliness. Strive for as much precision as the subject permits or warrants. Deal systematically with parts of a complex whole.
· Persistence and relevance. Stick to the main point and avoid allowing diversions or personal biases to lead you astray.
· Contextual sensitivity and empathy. Consider the total situation, feelings, level of knowledge, and sophistication of others as you study situations. Try and put yourself in another person's place to understand his or her position.
· Decisiveness and courage. Draw conclusions and take a stand when the evidence warrants doing so.
· Humility. Realize that you may be wrong and that you may have to reconsider in the future.
Critical thinking is sometimes called metacognition or "thinking about thinking." It is not critical in the sense of finding fault but rather is an attempt to rationally plan how to think about a problem. It requires a self-conscious monitoring of the process while you are doing it and an evaluation of how your strategy worked and what you learned when you have finished. Assembling, understanding, and evaluat ...
The knowledge of your Learning Patterns provides you with an .docxjmindy
“The knowledge of your Learning Patterns provides you with an explanation
of how you learn, not an excuse for failing to put forth the effort to learn.”
—Christine A. Johnston (2010, p. 107)
4Developing an Adept Mind
keithpix/iStock/Thinkstock
Learning Outcomes
After reading this chapter, you should be able to
• Define the term adept mind.
• Explain the role critical thinking plays in becoming a successful student.
• Demonstrate critical reading within the college learning context.
• Describe how your Patterns affect your critical-reading skills.
• Demonstrate critical writing within the college learning context.
• Describe how your Patterns affect your critical-writing skills.
• Explain how critical-thinking skills contribute to academic integrity.
“In order to thrive in the 21st Century, intentional learners should be
empowered through a mastery of intellectual and practical skills, informed
about forms of inquiry, and responsible for their personal actions.”
—J. Doherty and K. Ketchner (2005, p. 1)
Section 4.2Becoming a Critical Thinker
4.1 The Adept Mind
Chapter 3 was devoted to helping you understand how to use metacognition, the learning
techniques known as decoding and FITing, and personalized strategies to become a more
intentional learner. This chapter builds on that knowledge by framing how to use your Learn-
ing Patterns to develop an adept mind.
The adept mind helps you succeed in all areas of life. It is one that makes good decisions and
can discern the difference between fact and fiction. It studies a situation’s complexity, weighs
the facts, examines the logic behind a choice, and determines whether a choice is appropriate.
The adept mind is intentional, stable, and often methodical and always seeks to improve its
efficiency and effectiveness. The adept mind is vital not only to the work of a student, but also
to the experience of being a parent, employee, or volunteer. No matter what you are called
on to do in life, you will need an adept mind to navigate the change you encounter and the
growth you seek.
The adept mind uses the critical skills of thinking, reading, and writing—skills this chap-
ter explores in depth—and uses them with integrity. The word critical is not one students
embrace easily. It has a negative connotation and suggests that someone has found fault with
something you have done. It conjures up images of a scolding voice, red pen marks, or nega-
tive comments. When applied to thinking, reading, and writing, however, the word critical
takes on a different meaning. To be critical means to delve deeper into a topic to better under-
stand, evaluate, and take a position on it. As you will see at the end of the chapter, being criti-
cal also means becoming able to use your research with honesty and originality.
4.2 Becoming a Critical Thinker
When you engage in critical think-
ing, you embark on an ongoing quest
to improve how you think. Thinking
critically requires you to b.
Critical Thinking and Writing- Dr Ryan Thomas WilliamsRyan Williams
"Most formal definitions characterize critical thinking as the intentional application of rational, higher order thinking skills, such as analysis, synthesis, problem recognition and problem solving, inference, and evaluation"
Sources of Research Questions and Formulation of Hypothesis Psychology Pedia
Research Method -
Research questions, Good research questions, Steps to developing a research question, Sources of research question, Research hypothesis, Characteristics of hypothesis
13
Research and Persuasive Essay
Unit Three
Front Range Community College
ENG 122 Spring 2014
Caroline Daniel, Instructor
Table of Contents
Essay assignment ………………………………………………………………………………. 3
Tips for The Beast ………………………………………………………………………………. 6
Topics ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8
Calendars ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 11
Essay Assignment - Research and Persuasive Essay Paper “The Beast”
This assignment will consist of each step in the writing process.
Brainstorming Due: ________________________________________________________
Outlining Due: ______________________________________________________________
Working Thesis Statement Due: __________________________________________
Argument Proposal Due: __________________________________________________
Portfolio/Annotated Bibliography Due: _________________________________
Rough Draft #1 Due: _______________________________________________________
Rough Draft #2 Due: _______________________________________________________
Conference Date and Time: _______________________________________________
Final Draft Due: December 8, 2014
Assignment: write a 10-page persuasive research paper on the topic of your choice. Your task is to present your opinion on an issue or problem in such a way that your presentation reveals your understanding and attempt to convince others of its efficacy. Unlike argument, the persuasive essay requires an audience, which will consist of your classmates and instructor. The Research and Persuasive Essay (RPE) calls upon the skills of analysis and synthesis, i.e. “breaking” the larger issue into smaller components and incorporating opinions and evidence from sources into your own argument. You will also be using the skills of paraphrasing, summarizing and quoting sources to substantiate and support your position. The subject must be controversial: this assignment requires you to take a position and defend it, and you must be able to address the opposition, i.e., the refutation.
Organization: The essay must follow the classical arrangement of persuasive discourse. Use this guideline while preparing your outline:
1. Introduction
Remain neutral
Remain general, no specific points
Generate reader interest
Avoid overuse of sources in the introduction
2. Background
Give overview of differing opinions
Define terms (if relevant)
Provide history (if relevant)
Provide overview of interest groups
Establish credibility or authority
Introduce thesis
3. Confirmation
Your points (1 idea or point per paragraph)
Support opinion with evidence and facts from sources
Comment on how sources prove or illustrate your position
Avoid using source material, especially quotations, as topic or transitional sentences
Think about transitional words and devices that will move the argument forward seamlessly and fluidly
3. Refutation
Identify opposition by name or title (A.C.L.U., the Catholic Church)
Fairly and acc.
Best ever guide to writing a dissertation that will get an A+ mark.docprisimash
A guide to writing the best dissertation covering all major areas including:
the difficulties faced by students in writing a dissertation
selecting a topic
formulating objectives
writing individual chapters
Writing Strong Argument Papers Helpful Hints An argument or a .docxericbrooks84875
Writing Strong Argument Papers Helpful Hints
An argument or a persuasive paper has the power to make people change their minds about a topic, or allows them to really understand and accept your position as a valid one. You know how strongly people feel about their beliefs, so you can guess that writing a paper that will command the readers’ respect is challenging. So, in order to make strong arguments and to have the power to persuade people, follow some simple suggestions:
Get oriented:
1. Pick a topic you feel strongly about. It doesn’t matter whether you agree with it, or disagree with it. Think of points on both sides of the issue - the pros and the cons of each topic.
2. List some arguments from both sides and then think about how your audience feels about each of these.
3. Pick whichever side has the most convincing information - you might have to change your mind and change your main idea as you discover facts that you were not aware of as you started thinking about the topic.
4. Pay close attention to your audience. Think of what it believes in, and be prepared to discuss some of the points that would be most interesting to this group.
5. Once you considered both sides, and considered the audience, then you are ready to to take one side. Believe that you are right, and prepare yourself well to defend your thoughts. You will need good research to do this!
6. Make sure that there is reliable information available to support your position.
7. You will need facts, statistics, and reports from sources you and your audience can trust.
8. Make sure that you study the other side as well as you study your side. You don't want any surprise facts that you can't defend to show up after you finish your paper!
9. Be very well informed about the issue you want to discuss. Issues have different dimensions – there is always a social, a technical or scientific, an economic, or another type of intellectual aspect you will need to be aware of.
10. Be clear about which part, or point of the issue you are focusing on.
11. Anticipate objections and be prepared to address them.
12. Think of the points about this issue where there is common ground - where you can agree with the other side
Now You Can Start Writing
1. Assume that you will have many different opinions among your audience. Your readers will judge the strength of your arguments. Write your paper to convince them that your side makes the most sense.
2. Right in your introduction, establish credibility. Your readers need to know that you have studied the topic, that you are being open and fair-minded about it, and that you can understand their points of view. Here is a good place to address some of the points you have in common with the other side.
3. Include your thesis at the end of the introduction.
4. Support your thesis with the 3 strongest arguments you can find. These will be the outline of your paper.
5. Back your arguments up with very strong, specific evidence:
· Use .
COMPOSITION NO. 4 PERSUASIVE ESSAY A persuasive essay LynellBull52
COMPOSITION NO. 4: PERSUASIVE ESSAY
A persuasive essay is an essay written to convince an audience to think in a certain to way or to take an
action. A good persuasive essay presents arguments, shows evidence, and appeals responsibly to the
emotions of its audience. Because different audiences respond to different arguments and varying
emotional appeals, a persuasive essay must build its case forcefully and intelligently for its audience.
Guidelines for Achievement
A persuasive essay:
• begins with a concise statement of position on an issue that will interest the audience.
• presents its points clearly and logically.
• supports its position with valid evidence and logical arguments (facts, statistics,
examples, reasons, expert opinions) and responsible appeals to emotion.
• addresses an audience whose views probably differ from the writer’s.
• anticipates opposing arguments.
• ends in a way that prompts readers to change their thinking or to take a certain course of
action.
What Issue Should I Write About?
The point of a persuasive essay is to change your readers’ minds. If all your readers already agree with
you about an issue or a debate resolution, then whom are you persuading? If you have not already been
assigned a topic and wish to find one that hits a nerve, try any of these strategies:
1. Scan the editorial pages of your newspaper for a controversial issue such as a social or political
problem that affects you or someone
2. Research some of the ethical dilemmas arising from technological or scientific advances such as
genetic research.
3. Tune in to a radio talk show and list the gripes that callers have. Is there a caller to whom you would
like to respond?
4. Conduct a class survey to find out what issues are of concern to your peers.
Developing Thesis Statements
Once you have chosen an issue, you must develop your position, or thesis statement. Developing your
thesis statement right away will help you focus on your issue as you draft your essay. You should include
your thesis statement in the introduction of your essay to let your readers know what issue you have
chosen and what your position is. Narrow your position to one strong, clear statement incorporating as
usual topic, purpose and method. One way to formulate your position and focus on an issue is to ask
yourself the question “What should be done about it?” Keep revising your answer until you can state your
conclusion in one sentence.
Once you have formulated your thesis statement you are ready to begin developing the body of your
paper.
What Should I Include in My Essay?
You should begin your essay by defining the debate resolution or issue you will address. Try to use facts
examples, anecdotes, or statistics to show your readers what the issue entails and why it is important If
you have chosen a controversial issue, summarize the controversy. Then state your position, and develop ...
ENG 123 Assignment 2, Milestone 1 Guidelines and Rubric 5.docxSALU18
ENG 123 Assignment 2, Milestone 1 Guidelines and Rubric
5-6 Draft
Overview: Persuasion is a constant in each and every one of our lives. No matter where we look, what we read, what we see, or who we interact with, we are
inevitably going to encounter some form of persuasion. Advertisements want us to buy things. Newspapers and television want to convince us of what we should
feel about events. We are put into positions where we must defend our thoughts and beliefs to others, and the process we apply is typically some form of
persuasion.
Persuasive writing is one of the most powerful forms of writing—it has the ability to influence one’s thoughts, and also the ability to change one’s mind about a
particular issue. The persuasive essay is an ideal opportunity to support an opinion on an issue utilizing researched facts and information. This also gives the
chance to recognize that there is an opposing viewpoint to a position and to refute the opposing argument, noting that those who hold the opposing viewpoints
are the intended audience of the piece.
Prompt: For this milestone, you will submit a draft of your persuasive essay. At this point in the course, if you have completed the previous milestone guided
activities, the text boxes should be combined and transformed into a draft. This milestone will help you address the critical elements from Sections I–III below,
which will ultimately inform your final submission of the persuasive essay. You have until the deadline to work on this draft. Whatever is completed by the
deadline will be submitted to your instructor for grading and feedback.
Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:
I. Introduction
This is where readers will have a chance to get an idea of what your essay will be about and what you will prove throughout. Do not give all of your
information away here, but give readers a sample of what is to come. Do not forget to review your writing plan to make sure you are hitting all of the
points that you planned out, while also stating your argument.
A. Provides an overview of the issue you have selected, briefly describing main points and your argument.
B. Compose an engaging thesis that states the argument that you will prove and support throughout your essay. This statement will give direction
to your essay and should be well thought out.
II. Body
The body is your opportunity to describe and support your argument in depth. Make sure your thoughts and evidence are clear and organized in a way
that is easy for readers to follow and understand.
A. Be sure that you write multiple paragraphs that are focused, clearly state their intent, and move logically from one to the other, building the
thesis argument as the essay progresses.
B. Your body paragraphs should support your argument by combining thoughts and ideas with evidence from sources. There is no such thing as a
right or wrong argument; the key is how it is support ...
Initial Post (250 words)Read and interpret the short story .docxannettsparrow
Initial Post (250 words)
Read and interpret the short story "Damien's Shoes" by Ret'sepile Makamane. What logical inferences can you make based on its details? What can you infer about the narrator in this story, the narrator's son, and the setting of this story? What details suggest this? What other logical inferences can you make about this story? (Length: 250 words)
Two Replies
Respond to the posts of two of your peers by acknowledging their ideas and adding on to them with additional commentary, supporting detail or fact (such as a quote, detail referenced, or scenario from the story), and/or an new or different perspective or logical inference.
Damien’s Shoes
by Ret’sepile Makamane
My son (Links to an external site.)
, Damien, makes fires that flicker throughout rainy June nights. He moves about the shores of Lake Muhazi, lighting a new fire on a new spot every night. People who travel to Kayonza come back to Kigali with stories of having seen him during the rainy season as the smokes of his fires constantly go up to the skies, like a man cast away and looking for rescue. Those who have travelled and visited relatives with houses on the hills around Lake Muhazi in recent years to observe his activities say that my son sails up and down the lake during the day, busy ferrying passengers with completely covered faces to the other side. Others even claim that they have seen him up close, and that unlike other undead dead people he does not run away or conceal his face when you approach him. He has remained ten years old throughout the years, only bits of his hair are beginning to grey now.
When his boat work is done in the evenings, he plays his flute into the night, calming Lake Muhazi into even more stillness. He plays the flute so dedicatedly, earnestly, its melody so piercing, with sorrow so intense – a child blowing all his young soul into a musical instrument just so our land can heal. His flute wakes God from his deep sleep, – since Damien has already given God a few warnings, I hear – saying to God, “Thou Shalt Not Sleep, never. Not here in Rwanda, not anymore! Find yourself another bedroom.” Because God used to sleep here in Rwanda, you know. Lately, God stays awake at night looking intently at the world map, planning to migrate.
I carry with me Damien’s one shoe. He is barefoot, Damien, my boy, that is why he has to make these random fires when it rains in June – to warm his feet. I rescued this shoe from the mouth of a stray dog which made me run and chase it until I was panting like a hound myself. That was back in ninety-four. I was still a young man in those days. Oh, but that dog was not the end of my troubles. I have aged double while walking these hills and valleys with acacia and guava and mango trees, without even seeing their beauty anymore. Walking with a tormented soul, looking for Damien to put on his shoe on the other foot. Blaming myself, sixteen years moiling and roiling through these mangroves and swamp.
initial post one paragraph intext citation and reference Require.docxannettsparrow
initial post one paragraph intext citation and reference
Required Resources
Read/review the following resources for this activity:
Textbook: Humanities through the arts edition 10 F. David Maritine
Minimum of 1 scholarly source (in addition to the textbook – for historical/political influences)
Initial Post Instructions
Choose one of the literary movements that you read about this week and at least one work from that movement. Movements, authors, and famous works are discussed in the lesson as well. You do not have to choose authors or works discussed in the lesson, but you may. For your initial post, address
one
of the following:
Option 1:
Examine the movement and specific work in relation to historical and political influences of the movement. Include a one paragraph summary of the plot before moving on to the examination of the work in relation to the movement.
Option 2:
Examine a specific artwork influenced by a literary work and how the artist captured the subject or story. Here are a few examples, but you are not restricted to this list:
Asher B. Durand's
Thanatopsis
(influenced by William Cullen Bryant's "Thanatopsis")
John William Waterhouse's
The Lady of Shalott
(influenced by Alfred, Lord Tennyson's "The Lady of Shalott")
Sir John Everett Millais's
Ophelia
(influenced by Shakespeare's Ophelia from
Hamlet
)
Gian Lorenzo Bernini's
Apollo and Daphne
or
The Rape of Prosperina
(influenced by ancient myths)
Ancient Greek vase painting (influenced by various ancient myths)
.
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Research and Persuasive Essay
Unit Three
Front Range Community College
ENG 122 Spring 2014
Caroline Daniel, Instructor
Table of Contents
Essay assignment ………………………………………………………………………………. 3
Tips for The Beast ………………………………………………………………………………. 6
Topics ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8
Calendars ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 11
Essay Assignment - Research and Persuasive Essay Paper “The Beast”
This assignment will consist of each step in the writing process.
Brainstorming Due: ________________________________________________________
Outlining Due: ______________________________________________________________
Working Thesis Statement Due: __________________________________________
Argument Proposal Due: __________________________________________________
Portfolio/Annotated Bibliography Due: _________________________________
Rough Draft #1 Due: _______________________________________________________
Rough Draft #2 Due: _______________________________________________________
Conference Date and Time: _______________________________________________
Final Draft Due: December 8, 2014
Assignment: write a 10-page persuasive research paper on the topic of your choice. Your task is to present your opinion on an issue or problem in such a way that your presentation reveals your understanding and attempt to convince others of its efficacy. Unlike argument, the persuasive essay requires an audience, which will consist of your classmates and instructor. The Research and Persuasive Essay (RPE) calls upon the skills of analysis and synthesis, i.e. “breaking” the larger issue into smaller components and incorporating opinions and evidence from sources into your own argument. You will also be using the skills of paraphrasing, summarizing and quoting sources to substantiate and support your position. The subject must be controversial: this assignment requires you to take a position and defend it, and you must be able to address the opposition, i.e., the refutation.
Organization: The essay must follow the classical arrangement of persuasive discourse. Use this guideline while preparing your outline:
1. Introduction
Remain neutral
Remain general, no specific points
Generate reader interest
Avoid overuse of sources in the introduction
2. Background
Give overview of differing opinions
Define terms (if relevant)
Provide history (if relevant)
Provide overview of interest groups
Establish credibility or authority
Introduce thesis
3. Confirmation
Your points (1 idea or point per paragraph)
Support opinion with evidence and facts from sources
Comment on how sources prove or illustrate your position
Avoid using source material, especially quotations, as topic or transitional sentences
Think about transitional words and devices that will move the argument forward seamlessly and fluidly
3. Refutation
Identify opposition by name or title (A.C.L.U., the Catholic Church)
Fairly and acc.
Best ever guide to writing a dissertation that will get an A+ mark.docprisimash
A guide to writing the best dissertation covering all major areas including:
the difficulties faced by students in writing a dissertation
selecting a topic
formulating objectives
writing individual chapters
Writing Strong Argument Papers Helpful Hints An argument or a .docxericbrooks84875
Writing Strong Argument Papers Helpful Hints
An argument or a persuasive paper has the power to make people change their minds about a topic, or allows them to really understand and accept your position as a valid one. You know how strongly people feel about their beliefs, so you can guess that writing a paper that will command the readers’ respect is challenging. So, in order to make strong arguments and to have the power to persuade people, follow some simple suggestions:
Get oriented:
1. Pick a topic you feel strongly about. It doesn’t matter whether you agree with it, or disagree with it. Think of points on both sides of the issue - the pros and the cons of each topic.
2. List some arguments from both sides and then think about how your audience feels about each of these.
3. Pick whichever side has the most convincing information - you might have to change your mind and change your main idea as you discover facts that you were not aware of as you started thinking about the topic.
4. Pay close attention to your audience. Think of what it believes in, and be prepared to discuss some of the points that would be most interesting to this group.
5. Once you considered both sides, and considered the audience, then you are ready to to take one side. Believe that you are right, and prepare yourself well to defend your thoughts. You will need good research to do this!
6. Make sure that there is reliable information available to support your position.
7. You will need facts, statistics, and reports from sources you and your audience can trust.
8. Make sure that you study the other side as well as you study your side. You don't want any surprise facts that you can't defend to show up after you finish your paper!
9. Be very well informed about the issue you want to discuss. Issues have different dimensions – there is always a social, a technical or scientific, an economic, or another type of intellectual aspect you will need to be aware of.
10. Be clear about which part, or point of the issue you are focusing on.
11. Anticipate objections and be prepared to address them.
12. Think of the points about this issue where there is common ground - where you can agree with the other side
Now You Can Start Writing
1. Assume that you will have many different opinions among your audience. Your readers will judge the strength of your arguments. Write your paper to convince them that your side makes the most sense.
2. Right in your introduction, establish credibility. Your readers need to know that you have studied the topic, that you are being open and fair-minded about it, and that you can understand their points of view. Here is a good place to address some of the points you have in common with the other side.
3. Include your thesis at the end of the introduction.
4. Support your thesis with the 3 strongest arguments you can find. These will be the outline of your paper.
5. Back your arguments up with very strong, specific evidence:
· Use .
COMPOSITION NO. 4 PERSUASIVE ESSAY A persuasive essay LynellBull52
COMPOSITION NO. 4: PERSUASIVE ESSAY
A persuasive essay is an essay written to convince an audience to think in a certain to way or to take an
action. A good persuasive essay presents arguments, shows evidence, and appeals responsibly to the
emotions of its audience. Because different audiences respond to different arguments and varying
emotional appeals, a persuasive essay must build its case forcefully and intelligently for its audience.
Guidelines for Achievement
A persuasive essay:
• begins with a concise statement of position on an issue that will interest the audience.
• presents its points clearly and logically.
• supports its position with valid evidence and logical arguments (facts, statistics,
examples, reasons, expert opinions) and responsible appeals to emotion.
• addresses an audience whose views probably differ from the writer’s.
• anticipates opposing arguments.
• ends in a way that prompts readers to change their thinking or to take a certain course of
action.
What Issue Should I Write About?
The point of a persuasive essay is to change your readers’ minds. If all your readers already agree with
you about an issue or a debate resolution, then whom are you persuading? If you have not already been
assigned a topic and wish to find one that hits a nerve, try any of these strategies:
1. Scan the editorial pages of your newspaper for a controversial issue such as a social or political
problem that affects you or someone
2. Research some of the ethical dilemmas arising from technological or scientific advances such as
genetic research.
3. Tune in to a radio talk show and list the gripes that callers have. Is there a caller to whom you would
like to respond?
4. Conduct a class survey to find out what issues are of concern to your peers.
Developing Thesis Statements
Once you have chosen an issue, you must develop your position, or thesis statement. Developing your
thesis statement right away will help you focus on your issue as you draft your essay. You should include
your thesis statement in the introduction of your essay to let your readers know what issue you have
chosen and what your position is. Narrow your position to one strong, clear statement incorporating as
usual topic, purpose and method. One way to formulate your position and focus on an issue is to ask
yourself the question “What should be done about it?” Keep revising your answer until you can state your
conclusion in one sentence.
Once you have formulated your thesis statement you are ready to begin developing the body of your
paper.
What Should I Include in My Essay?
You should begin your essay by defining the debate resolution or issue you will address. Try to use facts
examples, anecdotes, or statistics to show your readers what the issue entails and why it is important If
you have chosen a controversial issue, summarize the controversy. Then state your position, and develop ...
ENG 123 Assignment 2, Milestone 1 Guidelines and Rubric 5.docxSALU18
ENG 123 Assignment 2, Milestone 1 Guidelines and Rubric
5-6 Draft
Overview: Persuasion is a constant in each and every one of our lives. No matter where we look, what we read, what we see, or who we interact with, we are
inevitably going to encounter some form of persuasion. Advertisements want us to buy things. Newspapers and television want to convince us of what we should
feel about events. We are put into positions where we must defend our thoughts and beliefs to others, and the process we apply is typically some form of
persuasion.
Persuasive writing is one of the most powerful forms of writing—it has the ability to influence one’s thoughts, and also the ability to change one’s mind about a
particular issue. The persuasive essay is an ideal opportunity to support an opinion on an issue utilizing researched facts and information. This also gives the
chance to recognize that there is an opposing viewpoint to a position and to refute the opposing argument, noting that those who hold the opposing viewpoints
are the intended audience of the piece.
Prompt: For this milestone, you will submit a draft of your persuasive essay. At this point in the course, if you have completed the previous milestone guided
activities, the text boxes should be combined and transformed into a draft. This milestone will help you address the critical elements from Sections I–III below,
which will ultimately inform your final submission of the persuasive essay. You have until the deadline to work on this draft. Whatever is completed by the
deadline will be submitted to your instructor for grading and feedback.
Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed:
I. Introduction
This is where readers will have a chance to get an idea of what your essay will be about and what you will prove throughout. Do not give all of your
information away here, but give readers a sample of what is to come. Do not forget to review your writing plan to make sure you are hitting all of the
points that you planned out, while also stating your argument.
A. Provides an overview of the issue you have selected, briefly describing main points and your argument.
B. Compose an engaging thesis that states the argument that you will prove and support throughout your essay. This statement will give direction
to your essay and should be well thought out.
II. Body
The body is your opportunity to describe and support your argument in depth. Make sure your thoughts and evidence are clear and organized in a way
that is easy for readers to follow and understand.
A. Be sure that you write multiple paragraphs that are focused, clearly state their intent, and move logically from one to the other, building the
thesis argument as the essay progresses.
B. Your body paragraphs should support your argument by combining thoughts and ideas with evidence from sources. There is no such thing as a
right or wrong argument; the key is how it is support ...
Initial Post (250 words)Read and interpret the short story .docxannettsparrow
Initial Post (250 words)
Read and interpret the short story "Damien's Shoes" by Ret'sepile Makamane. What logical inferences can you make based on its details? What can you infer about the narrator in this story, the narrator's son, and the setting of this story? What details suggest this? What other logical inferences can you make about this story? (Length: 250 words)
Two Replies
Respond to the posts of two of your peers by acknowledging their ideas and adding on to them with additional commentary, supporting detail or fact (such as a quote, detail referenced, or scenario from the story), and/or an new or different perspective or logical inference.
Damien’s Shoes
by Ret’sepile Makamane
My son (Links to an external site.)
, Damien, makes fires that flicker throughout rainy June nights. He moves about the shores of Lake Muhazi, lighting a new fire on a new spot every night. People who travel to Kayonza come back to Kigali with stories of having seen him during the rainy season as the smokes of his fires constantly go up to the skies, like a man cast away and looking for rescue. Those who have travelled and visited relatives with houses on the hills around Lake Muhazi in recent years to observe his activities say that my son sails up and down the lake during the day, busy ferrying passengers with completely covered faces to the other side. Others even claim that they have seen him up close, and that unlike other undead dead people he does not run away or conceal his face when you approach him. He has remained ten years old throughout the years, only bits of his hair are beginning to grey now.
When his boat work is done in the evenings, he plays his flute into the night, calming Lake Muhazi into even more stillness. He plays the flute so dedicatedly, earnestly, its melody so piercing, with sorrow so intense – a child blowing all his young soul into a musical instrument just so our land can heal. His flute wakes God from his deep sleep, – since Damien has already given God a few warnings, I hear – saying to God, “Thou Shalt Not Sleep, never. Not here in Rwanda, not anymore! Find yourself another bedroom.” Because God used to sleep here in Rwanda, you know. Lately, God stays awake at night looking intently at the world map, planning to migrate.
I carry with me Damien’s one shoe. He is barefoot, Damien, my boy, that is why he has to make these random fires when it rains in June – to warm his feet. I rescued this shoe from the mouth of a stray dog which made me run and chase it until I was panting like a hound myself. That was back in ninety-four. I was still a young man in those days. Oh, but that dog was not the end of my troubles. I have aged double while walking these hills and valleys with acacia and guava and mango trees, without even seeing their beauty anymore. Walking with a tormented soul, looking for Damien to put on his shoe on the other foot. Blaming myself, sixteen years moiling and roiling through these mangroves and swamp.
initial post one paragraph intext citation and reference Require.docxannettsparrow
initial post one paragraph intext citation and reference
Required Resources
Read/review the following resources for this activity:
Textbook: Humanities through the arts edition 10 F. David Maritine
Minimum of 1 scholarly source (in addition to the textbook – for historical/political influences)
Initial Post Instructions
Choose one of the literary movements that you read about this week and at least one work from that movement. Movements, authors, and famous works are discussed in the lesson as well. You do not have to choose authors or works discussed in the lesson, but you may. For your initial post, address
one
of the following:
Option 1:
Examine the movement and specific work in relation to historical and political influences of the movement. Include a one paragraph summary of the plot before moving on to the examination of the work in relation to the movement.
Option 2:
Examine a specific artwork influenced by a literary work and how the artist captured the subject or story. Here are a few examples, but you are not restricted to this list:
Asher B. Durand's
Thanatopsis
(influenced by William Cullen Bryant's "Thanatopsis")
John William Waterhouse's
The Lady of Shalott
(influenced by Alfred, Lord Tennyson's "The Lady of Shalott")
Sir John Everett Millais's
Ophelia
(influenced by Shakespeare's Ophelia from
Hamlet
)
Gian Lorenzo Bernini's
Apollo and Daphne
or
The Rape of Prosperina
(influenced by ancient myths)
Ancient Greek vase painting (influenced by various ancient myths)
.
Initial Post InstructionsTriggers are ethnocentric responses to .docxannettsparrow
Initial Post Instructions
Triggers are ethnocentric responses to differences and defensive reactions to ethnocentrism. Any number of things can serve as triggers, but they generally fall into the following categories: voice, appearance, attitude, and behavior. For example, a person of color may become anxious when driving through a small rural town. They may fear being stopped because of looking out of place. Another example would be to react to the smell of curry and spices when walking into an Indian home. The reaction could be either negative or positive depending on your experiences, but you immediately react to the stimulus.
For the initial post, address the following:
Describe a trigger that you have responded or been a witness to in the past, even if it was only a fleeting mental thought.
What was the result of your/their response?
If you/they had a negative response, how could your/their response to the situation been better or different?
What barriers did you/they need to overcome?
.
Initial Post InstructionsFor the initial post,consider thr.docxannettsparrow
Initial Post Instructions
For the initial post,
consider three (3)
of the following events: Treaty of Versailles
Rise of fascism, militarism and imperialism
Failure of the League of Nations Based on your three selections,
choose two (2)
of the following and craft a response for your selections:
Assess if the United States foreign policy during the 1930s helped to promote World War II. Could the United States have prevented the outbreak of World War II? If so, how? If not, why not?
Explain if the United States, despite neutrality, aided the Allies against the Axis powers.
.
Initial Post InstructionsFor the initial post, choose and ad.docxannettsparrow
Initial Post Instructions
For the initial post, choose and address one of the following options:
Option 1:
In the 19th century, the camera was a revolutionary invention, and many artists were concerned about the effect that photographs would have on the art world.
Did the invention of the camera change the arts? Why or why not?
Choose an artistic movement that you believe was influenced by the camera and discuss how the movement was affected.
Include at least one example of an artist and artwork in your response.
Include a statement from a current photographer or critic to support your points.
Option 2:
In the 21st century, the smartphone camera changed the way we use and view photography. In addition, apps and social media have changed the way we share photography.
How has the invention of the smartphone camera changed photography?
How have apps and social media changed the way we share photos? Are they positive and/or negative changes? Explain.
Include a statement from a current photographer or critic to support your points
.
Writing Requirements
Minimum of 1 page
Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons and an outside source)
APA format for in-text citations and list of references
.
Initial Post InstructionsDiscuss the differences and similaritie.docxannettsparrow
Initial Post Instructions
Discuss the differences and similarities between the presidential and parliamentary systems, including the executive and legislative branches. Which system do you feel serves its citizen better? Why? Use evidence (cite sources) to support your response from assigned readings or online lessons,
and
at least one outside scholarly source.
Follow-Up Post Instructions
Respond to at least one peer. Further the dialogue by providing more information and clarification. Minimum of 1 scholarly source which can include your textbook or assigned readings or may be from your additional scholarly research.
Writing Requirements
Minimum of 2 posts (1 initial & 1 follow-up)
Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons
and
an outside scholarly source)
APA format for in-text cita
.
Initial Post InstructionsAs we jump into the world of Alge.docxannettsparrow
Initial Post Instructions
As we jump into the world of Algebra, it is important to discuss how math, specifically Algebra, is used in the real-world.
Search for videos from Ted Ed showing the real-world value of mathematics. Choose a video to watch and then provide a one-paragraph summary (3-4 sentences) of the video in your own words. Be sure to discuss the math concept used.
Follow-Up Post Instructions
Respond to at least two peers in a substantive, content-specific way. Further the dialogue by providing more information and clarification.
Writing Requirements
Minimum of 3 posts (1 initial & 2 follow-up) with first post by Wednesday
APA format for in-text citations and list of references
.
Initial Post InstructionsFor the initial post, respond to one .docxannettsparrow
Initial Post Instructions
For the initial post, respond to one of the following options, and label the beginning of your post indicating either Option 1 or Option 2:
Option 1:
List the ways in which contemporary presidential campaigns have used social media as a campaign tool. Do you consider social media as a successful tool? Explain your answer. Do you see social media as an unsuccessful tool? Explain your answer and provide examples.
Option 2
: There are numerous discussions involving the Electoral College. There are some people that want to abolish the electoral college while others want to keep it. What do you think? Keep the electoral college or abolish it? Explain the reasons for your choice.
Be sure to make connections between your ideas and conclusions and the research, concepts, terms, and theory we are discussing this week
Writing Requirements
Minimum of 2 sources cited (assigned readings/online lessons and an outside source)
APA format for in-text citations and list of references
.
Initial Post InstructionsAgenda setting can be a difficult t.docxannettsparrow
Initial Post Instructions
Agenda setting can be a difficult task in government. Why? Who do you consider an important agenda setter in government? How does this participant help set the agenda? Give an example of an attempt at agenda setting in government. Was it successful? Why or why not? Consider how factors such as culture, political positions, etc. might impact your own, or the agenda setters' priorities.
Use evidence (cite sources) to support your response from assigned readings or online lessons, and at least one outside scholarly source.
.
Initial Post Identify all the components of a cell. Describe the fu.docxannettsparrow
Initial Post: Identify all the components of a cell. Describe the function of each of these components.
Response #1: Add to your own initial post: Describe cellular metabolism membrane transport and cellular reproduction
Response #2: Add to your own initial post and response #1: Describe the aging process. Identify the pathophysiologic process for 3 underlying principles of aging. Example: oxidative process.
please use APA format
.
Initial Discussion Board Post Compare and contrast life for col.docxannettsparrow
Initial Discussion Board Post:
Compare and contrast life for colonial women in Virginia Colony and Massachusetts. What could women expect from daily living in these colonies? Was class/status more important for women in one colony than the other? Research Margaret Brent who was also known as Elizabeth Poole) She purchased lands in Plymouth from the Indians in 1637. Research her and describe how her experience serves as an example in your response. Minimum length is 500 words.
.
Inital post please respond for the above post question one page with.docxannettsparrow
Inital post please respond for the above post question one page with intext citation and reference.
Required Resources
Read/review the following resources for this activity:
Minimum of 1 primary or scholarly source (from photographer or critic – either will count as your scholarly source requirement for discussions)
Initial Post Instructions
For the initial post, address one of the following options:
Option 1:
In the 19th century, the camera was a revolutionary invention, and many artists were concerned about the effect that photographs would have on the art world.
Did the invention of the camera change the arts? Why or why not?
Choose an artistic movement that you believe was influenced by the camera and discuss how the movement was affected.
Include at least one example of an artist and artwork in your response.
Include a statement from a current photographer or critic to support your points.
Option 2:
In the 21st century, the smartphone camera changed the way we use and view photography. In addition, apps and social media have changed the way we share photography.
How has the invention of the smartphone camera changed photography?
How have apps and social media changed the way we share photos? Are they positive and/or negative changes? Explain.
Include a statement from a current photographer or critic to support your points.
.
Infornnation Technology
in Hunnan Resource
:An
Empirical Assessnnent
By Alok Mishra, PhD, and Ibrahim Akman, PhD
The present paper begins by introducing a number of observations on tiie
appiications ot information teciinoiogy (iT) in tiie field of human resource
management (HRM) in gênerai. Tiiis is due to tiie fact that iT and its wide range of
appiications have already made their presence feit in this area. This wiii be
foliowed by a report on the findings of a survey on the present trends in
organizations with in the different sectors in Turkey. Aithough the impact of iT on
IHRM has iong been attracting the interest of academics, no empiricai research has
ever been reaiized in this fieid in Turiiey, and few studies have been reported
eisewhere. The survey was conducted among the 106 iT managers and
professionais from various sectors, based on whose resuits, the data shows that iT
is used extensiveiy in the organizations to perform IHRM functions in Turicey's
dynamic economy. The results aiso indicated that, while IT has an impact on aii
sectors in terms of IHRM to certain extent, the types of iT used vary significantiy
between recruitment, maintenance, and deveiopment tasi(s. However, the empiricai
resuits here reveai that these organizations are not appiying these technoiogies
systematicaiiy and maturely in the performance of HRM functions.
Key words: human resource management (HRM), human resource management
system (HRMS), human resource (HR), information technoiogy (iT), ANOVAtest,
chi-square test
T
he HRM function in organizations has gained increasing strategic emphasis, and
the importance of its alignment HRM and business strategies is well-acknowl-
edged.^ In fact, effective HRM is vital in order to be able to meet the market
demands with well-qualified employees at all times.^
Technology and HRM have a broad range of influences upon each other, and HR
professionals should be able to adopt technologies that allow the reengineering of the
HR function, be prepared to support organizational and work-design changes caused
by technology, and be able to support a proper managerial climate for innovative and
knowledge-based organizarions.^ These technological advances are being driven
primarily by strong demands from human resource professionals for enhancement in
speed, effectiveness, and cost containment."*
Public Personnel Management Volume 39 No. 3 Fall 2010 271
Snell, Stueber, and Lepak^ observe that HRMSs can meet the challenge of
simultaneously becoming more strategic, flexible, cost-efficient, and customer-oriented
by leveraging information technology Many experts forecast that the PC will become
the central tool for all HR professionals.^ Virtual HR is emerging due to the growing
sophistication of IT and increased external structural options.^ IT is beginning to
enable organizations to deliver state-of-the-art HR services, and reduced costs have
enabled companies, regardless of the firm size-to purchase HR technologies.^.
INFORMED CONSENT LETTER Page 1 of 2 SELF CONSENT .docxannettsparrow
INFORMED CONSENT LETTER
Page 1 of 2
SELF CONSENT
I have been invited to take part in a research study titled:
This investigation is spearheaded by Yulak Landa: whose contact information includes:
[email protected] and (305)833-0053
I understand that my participation is voluntary and that I can refuse to participate or stop taking
part any time without giving any reason and without facing any penalty. Additionally, I have the
right to request the return, removal, or destruction of any information relating to me or my
participation.
I am aware that the participation in this research study is on a voluntary basis, and I am free to
object the invitation as well as to withdraw my involvement as I would deem fit without offering any
reason, getting victimized, or facing any legal suit or conviction. It is also my right to ask for the
withdrawal, return, or discarding of any of the information shared or collected following my
participation in the study.
PURPOSE OF STUDY
I understand that the purpose of the study is to:
Determining how efficient are both the respiratory mask as well as standard mask in preventing
healthcare providers from getting exposed to corona virus in the course of their work. Can they all
be relied to offer the same protection?
PROCEDURES
I understand that if I volunteer to take part in this study, I will be asked to:
Declare information related to chronic illness or preexisting conditions as well as my age. I will as
well be required to fully adhere to the recommended hygiene standards as well as to be fully
dressed with protective gears which include the designated face mask, prior to getting exposed to
SARS- COV – 2 viruses. Also, I will have to undertake a 14 day or more in quarantine as well as
undertake the COVID 19 test. I shall also be required to undertake necessary treatments in the event
I am exposed to the virus.
BENEFITS
I understand that the benefits I may gain from participation include:
I will get a chance to enhance the safety of healthcare providers' who continue to dedicate their
efforts to the treatment and care of COVID_19 patients and relies on face masks as one of their PPE.
For Official Use Only
Received on:
Reviewed on:
End date:
File Number:
mailto:[email protected]
INFORMED CONSENT LETTER
Page 2 of 2
I will assist them in understanding if they would still use the standard face masks, taking into
consideration the general shortage of respiratory masks. All the instruments to be used and
expenses incurred will be covered by the researcher together with any counseling and treatments in
case I am exposed to the virus.
RISKS
I understand that the risks, discomforts, or stresses I may face during participation include:
I understand that I may get exposed to the virus, become sick, or even die from the COVID 19
disease. Due to the gravity of the illness, I may also be psychologically affected..
Informative Presentation Delivery Outline
I. Header
Speech Title:
Audience:
General Purpose/Speech Type:
Specific Purpose Statement:
Thesis Statement or Central Idea:
II. Introduction -
I. Greeting and Attention Getting Device
II. Establish speaker-audience-topic connection/ WIIFT?/ Motivate audience to listen. Reveal your topic – tell the audience what your speech is about.
III. Establish credibility/Ethos
IV. Establish your goodwill?
V. Preview your three main points
1. First main point; same as I in body
2. Second main point, same as II in body
3. Third main point; same as III in body
Transition: connect the introduction to the body
III. Body
I. First main point
A. Support for I (the first main point)
B. Further support for I (details, examples and/or visual aids)
Transition: connect the first major point to the second
II. Second main point
A. Support for II (the second main point)
B. Further support for II (details, examples and/or visual aids)
Transition: connect the second major point to the third
III. Third main point
A. Support for III (the third main point)
B. Further support for III (details, examples and/or visual aids)
Transition: connect the third major point (or all main points) to the conclusion
IV. Conclusion
Summary – Restate your three main points
1. First main point; same as I in body
2. Second main point; same as II in body
3. Third main point; same as III in body
Transition: connect your summary to your closure
Closure Device – (Close with Impact!)
References – you must cite your sources in APA style.
Failure to cite at least three sources will result in a “F” grade for the speech.
Please refer to any of the computer generate citation machines for proper citations.
http://www.easybib.com/
http://www.citationmachine.net/
http://www.bibme.org/apa
Do not use Wikipedia to find sources.
YOU MUST HAVE THREE REFERENCES! No EXCEPTIONS!
(DO NOT NUMBER YOUR CITATIONS!)
PAGE
2
Spring 2019/Assessment
.
Informed Consent FormBy the due date assigned, submit the Inform.docxannettsparrow
Informed Consent Form
By the due date assigned, submit the Informed Consent Letter to the
Submissions Area
(please note that this is only an example and no data may be collected).
Informed Consent Letter
Procedure section is clear, described in detail, specific, and all inclusive. Written in lay language (as documented by reading level score). Includes risks and benefits relevant to study. Address assent (if applicable).
Informed Consent Letter Example
IRB Application
.
INFORMATION THAT SHOULD GO INTO PROCESS RECORDING FOR MICRO WORK.docxannettsparrow
INFORMATION THAT SHOULD GO INTO PROCESS RECORDING
FOR MICRO WORK
There are various formats for completing a process recording. The following is an outline that covers the major areas we want included within a process recording. Please utilize the template that follows for completing a process recording with an individual, couple or family client(s).
1. Description/Identifying Information: The social work student’s name, date of the interview and the date of submission to the field instructor should always be included. Identify the client, always remembering to disguise client name to protect confidentiality. Include the number of times this client has been seen (i.e., "Fourth contact with Mrs. S."). On a first contact include name and ages of the client(s) you have written about. If client is seen in location other then the agency say where client was seen.
2. Purpose and Goalfor the Interview. Briefly state the purpose of the interaction and if there are any specific goals to be achieved, the nature of the presenting issues and/or referral.
3. Verbatim Dialogue (in the table below). A word-for-word description of what happened, as well as the student can recall, should be completed. This section does not have to include a full session of dialogue but should include a portion of dialogue. The field instructor and student should discuss what portions should be included in the verbatim dialogue.
4. Assessment of the Patient/Client/Consumer. This requires the student to describe the clients’ verbal and nonverbal reactions throughout the session. Consider everything that is occurring such as body language, facial expression, verbal outburst, etc.
5. The Student's Feelings and Reactions to the Client System and to the Interview (in the table below). This requires the student to put into writing unspoken thoughts and reactions s/he had during the interview e.g. "I was feeling angry at what the client was saying, not sure why I was reacting this way…”. “ I wonder what would happen if I said such-and-such.”
6. Identify Skills and/or Theory/ Conceptual Frameworks used (in the table below). The student should be able to identify what skills they used in an interaction, and/or what theoretical framework came to mind as they dialogued e.g. “I used the strengths perspective “ “I used the skill of partializing”
7. Supervisor/field instructor comments (in the table below) This requires the field instructor to provide review and critique of the student’s dialogue with the client system, skill identification, and interpretation of the client interview.
8. A summary assessment/analysis of the student's impressions. This is a summary of the student's analytical thinking about the entire interview and/or any specific interaction the student is unsure about. Include any client action or non-verbal activity that the student may want to discuss. (See Guided Questions at the end of the template for this section A-M)
9. Future plans. The .
Information Technology Capstone ProjectIn this course, learners .docxannettsparrow
Information Technology Capstone Project
In this course, learners apply knowledge and skills from other courses as they develop a project that benefits an organization, community, or industry. Learners prepare a proposal that includes a project description, deliverables, completion dates, and associated learning. Upon approval from the instructor, learners execute the proposal, record their progress weekly using a project tracking website, and produce a final project report.
.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Critical and Analytical ThinkingCritical thinkin.docx
1. Critical and Analytical Thinking
Critical thinkingWord ‘critical’ has positive and negative
meaningsThe word ‘critical’ in academia describes your attitude
when reading an article/chapterBeing critical means weighing
up the arguments for and against a particular point.
*
Not just the bad parts
How to think criticallyBe persistent – consider an issue
carefully more than onceLook at the evidence for a viewpoint –
evaluate it – what are they trying to ‘sell’ me?What are the
implications of a view point – is it realistic and
rational?Knowing facts and what is right is not what academics
is aboutIt is important to identify strengths, satisfactory points
and weaknesses when being critical – then you must know why
this is soYou should be critical when reading, writing and
listening
2. *
Need to fully understand an argument before you can be critical
– be confident
Evaluate=what is the value/effectiveness of something, inc. own
opinion and supporting each point with evidence
Question the credibility
You are just assessing ideas not learning the answers
Only want informed opinions
Analytical thinkingBeing analytical mean to look deeper into
what is being saidDo not take what you read as ‘given’Evaluate
what is being argued – do you agree with it?To be analytical is
to question what you read
*
Not just reading what is said but ‘thinking’ about it
How to think analyticallyThink about the view point in relation
to the bigger picture – stand backCompare the same issue from
the point of other authors – do their views differ?Should be able
to see why authors have arrived at different conclusionsYou
should be able to argue why you think one set of view points is
preferable to anotherYou should be analytical when reading,
writing and listening
*
Think about your readings together, put into context
You should be asking why a conclusion has been made – need
full understanding for this
3. Barriers to critical and analytical thinkingBeing critical does
not just mean criticiseOur reasoning skills are not objective –
we are biased ourselvesReluctance to criticise expertsWanting
to know what is right and wrongNot reading deeply enough
around a subject – surface knowledge
*
Not always black and white there are lots of grey areas in
academics
Being analytical and critical is hard work, you have to read
carefully and widely
Critical and analytical readingPrepare for critical reading –
skim read the introduction and conclusionFind the conclusions
first to help clarify the rest of the readingWhat is the underlying
argument/ view point?Question hidden agendas or
assumptionsTheory can help fill in the gaps – what is theory?
- set of ideas to explain why something happens and predict
outcomes in the futureArguments are often based on theory but
an argument is not always a theory
Critical and analytical readingWhere is the evidence for a view
point?Check references – are they presented accurately and are
they credible? - evaluate that evidence – date, source, bias,
statisticsDoes the evidence support the conclusions
made?Taking notes that support critical readingRead without a
pen in your hand to avoid taking down lots of unnecessary
notesForm a set of questions to help you think more deeply
about what you have read
4. Critical and analytical reading
Statement: Childhood is fluid and is represented differently
within the various institutions in our society; these
representations change over time.
Form a Question Bank:
Why? What does this really mean? Do the reasons
support the argument? Is there any supporting evidence? Does
this match what I know about the subject already? Does it fit in
with what other people have said on the subject? Is this
relevant and useful to my current purpose? How does this add
to previous research on the subject? Are there any flaws in
this? What is the author trying to ‘sell’ me?You can apply
these questions and similar ones to all of your arguments and
essays to encourage you to question why things are the way they
are – before, during and after reading
Questioning
*
Brainstorm activity
Critical and analytical writingYou should question your own
assumptions and biases as much as you do other authorsAsk
yourself questions – why have you used a certain example, what
are you trying to argue, where is the theory to support your
argument? Plan your argument before you start writing – what is
the question/ problem, what are the view points surrounding the
problem, which do you agree with, why? Mind MapDo not be
afraid of critically analysing works by people you know are
5. more experienced than you
*
Think of yourself as an impartial adjudicator, you can be
critical without having to completely take one side
Tony Buzan
Critical and analytical writingThere are difference ways of
presenting an idea – description, explanation, critical analysis
(see next slide)In academic writing it is not enough to simply
describe an idea or theoryDescription – an account of how
something is done, or what something is likeExplanation – same
structure as an argument but they do not attempt to persuade the
reader to a particular point of viewCritical analysis – a
judgement of an idea giving reasons and evidence to support
your decision, you must look at ideas in detail
Description, explanation or analysis? Example:Attachment
theory states that children become attached to adults who
remain as consistent caregivers for some months during the
period from about 6 months to two years of age.
Attachment theory states that children become attached to
adults who remain as consistent caregivers for some months
during the period from about 6 months to two years of age. It is
suggested that this is due to the trusting bond developed from
the repeated interactions with certain individuals.
6. Attachment theory states that children become attached to
adults who remain as consistent caregivers for some months
during the period from about 6 months to two years of age, and
it is suggested that this is due to the trusting bond developed
from the repeated interactions with certain primary carers.
However, there are many cases of abused children who form
strong attachments to their abusers despite being subjected to
severe neglect suggesting that there are problems with this
theory of attachment.
Critical and analytical writingYou can see that analysis takes a
greater length of discussion than an explanation. It is better to
analyse and criticise a few points in an essay than try to
superficially discuss lots of ideas
Your own arguments within your essay need supporting
evidenceAll ideas and arguments must be supported by evidence
to add credibility
For example:
- ‘In my experience I have found that in school, girls are more
obedient and attentive, whilst boys are more challenging and
disobedient’ – not credible
- ‘It can be suggested that in school girls are more obedient
and attentive, whilst boys are more challenging and disobedient;
this idea is supported by arguments put forward by Bleach
(1992) and Channer (1995) who argue…..’ - credible
Critical and analytical writingHas anything been written about
the subject already? – where can I find this informationWhich
are the most relevant and authoritative sources for this
subject?Recognise where evidence is relevant or irrelevant –
does it support the conclusions of the point, what conclusions
7. can you draw from the evidenceWe should not generalise from a
single case, in academics this is unacceptable – generalisations
should be well-founded and based on a reasonable sample –
think about this when reading the works of othersUse your
question bank to encourage you to look at your own work with
critical eyesEvaluate your own writing – use a critical and
analytical checklist (Stella Cottrell handout)
Critical and analytical thinkingNever take anything you have
read or been told as ‘given’ – question everythingUse evidence
and theory to back up all of your arguments and statements – do
not simply describe; analyse and criticiseBeing analytical and
critical is hard work but the more you practice the easier it will
becomeThe more you read the easier it will be to think critically
and analyticallyBe confident in what you are arguing and why
you arguing it
For this assignment you will research the weaknesses of your
organization and provide a detailed paper on your findings.
Consider the factors listed below and remember the given
outline from Module 1 is there for your use. This outline is a
great tool for getting your different sections fully completed
and researched. In addition, remember that this paper on the
weaknesses of your organization will become the third section
of your overall SWOT paper due at the end of Module 8.
Factors to consider when you think about company weaknesses
both from an internal and external point of view include:
What is the size and scale of the company, including the
environment the company operates in? Are they global,
corporate, or small business?
Consider supply and demand and the costs of operating the
company, including finances and outdated equipment and
technology.
What about the organization’s brand name and reputation?
8. These are extremely important when considering weaknesses
and should be researched thoroughly both in person and online.
What opportunities exist in your market or the environment that
you can benefit from?
Is the perception of your business positive?
Has there been recent market growth or have there been other
changes in the market that create an opportunity?
Is the opportunity ongoing, or is there just a window for it? In
other words, how critical is your timing?
For this assignment, complete the following:
Research and thoroughly explain at least TWO major
weaknesses of the organization.
Compare the cost of purchase or leasing equipment for your
organization.
Choose any type of equipment that would be applicable to your
organization (e.g., postage machine, copier, upgrading out-of-
date technology such as computers, etc.)
Research the cost of buying the equipment vs. leasing the
equipment
Using the calculator
(https://www.calcxml.com/calculators/lease-vs-buy-equipment),
analyze the financial impact and determine the best course of
action, provide a recommendation (state the cost difference and
why you made your recommendation) to change this weakness
into an advantage.
Discuss why each weakness is present and what can be done to
change this weakness into an advantage.
You should have a minimum of at least one full paragraph for
each of the weaknesses presented. For each weakness you need
to ensure you use relevant business theories, concepts, and
practices that are aligned to support the statements and findings.
Note that bullet points are not acceptable.
Each of these weaknesses must come from a force or forces
occurring within a dimension of the general environment within
the organization's external environment (keep in mind a
weakness can stem from more than one dimension within the
9. general environment). Be sure to include in your analysis the
relevant dimension of the general environment from which each
of these forces is derived.
MESSAGES FOR BUSINESS
Your paper should be submitted as a Word document (.doc,
docx or .rtf) file and adhere to the following guidelines:
· Be 3 pages in length (not including the title and the reference
pages).
· Be double-spaced, in Times New Roman font, with a font size
between 12 point.
· The margins should not exceed 1" on all sides.
· Follow APA guidelines for formatting, including the title and
the reference page.
You must follow the following format and guidelines for this
assignment:
1. Title Page: Include your name, the paper title, course title,
instructor's name, and date.
2. Introduction: Discuss the purpose of the message in succinct,
declarative sentences. The introduction should identify the
audience for the message and the choice of medium used, and be
based upon the concepts studied in the course.
3. Content: Present relevant and legitimate information to
support your purpose or argument and display evidence of an in-
depth analysis of the topic.
4. Conclusion: This should be a summative paragraph which
includes what you learned from rewriting the message.
5. References: A minimum of three references must be used to
support your discussion. Document all sources according to
APA style.
Scenarios:
a. As head of the Human Resources, you’ve been tasked with
informing all remaining employees that the organization just
laid off 10 percent of its workforce.
b. As the CEO of a small company, explain to employees a new
10. increase in bi-weekly health care costs.
c. As the Director of HR, announce and explain a new summer
dress code policy.
d. As a Customer Service Representative, acknowledge receipt
of a customer’s claim that your organization has overcharged
her or his credit card for an order.
For each of these scenarios:
1. Choose a medium that you think would work effectively for
the given message. More than one medium could work in some
cases, so be sure that you support your particular choice.
2. Argue why that medium is the most effective choice and
explain your choice. Your argument should be based on content
within the textbook and other appropriate research sources
using the Excelsior College Library.
3. Write a brief message response for each scenario.