Auto Air Colors, Wicked Colors, and AutoBorne Sealers are water-based paints that require light coats and extended drying times, especially in humid conditions. AutoBorne Sealers provide the best coverage and adhesion when used as a base for the other paints. Proper preparation including scuff sanding and cleaning is important. The paints are compatible with most primers and clears and can be topcoated without scuffing after fully drying.
This document provides definitions and causes and remedies for common paint defects seen on automobile parts during the painting process. It defines and describes various defects such as dust, lint, orange peel, oil mark, paint sagging/rundown, scratch, paint peel off, pin hole, paint drop/spit, water mark, uncover, dent, emery mark, hair mark, blister, popping, and cissing. For each defect, it lists potential causes and recommended remedies to address the issue and prevent reoccurrence. The document serves as a reference for identifying and troubleshooting common paint defects.
This document provides application guidelines for using Createx Airbrush Colors and Wicked Colors paints. It describes the different types of paints available, such as opaque, transparent, fluorescent, and pearlized colors. It also provides tips for surface preparation, application techniques like applying in light coats, and curing methods using a heat gun, shirt press or iron. Safety precautions and additives that can improve flow and reduce drying time are also outlined.
Emulsion and oil-based paints differ in their composition, drying time, and durability. Emulsion paint uses water as a solvent and resin as a binder, allowing it to dry quickly. It is more durable than oil-based paint, which uses thinners like turpentine and drying oils like linseed oil as a binder. Oil-based paint takes longer to dry but can be used on surfaces like metal and wood. Both emulsion and oil-based paints are popular options for home decorating, but emulsion paint provides better coverage and durability at a lower cost.
Paint is made up of pigments, binders, solvents, and additives. The pigment provides color, the binder allows the paint to form a film, and the solvent controls the flow and application of the paint. Common pigments are used to color paints, inks, plastics, fabrics, and other materials. Binders suspend the pigment in a vehicle and give the paint its adhesion. Solvents are used to dissolve compounds in paint and allow it to dry rapidly after application. The three main types of paint are watercolor, oils, and acrylics, which differ in terms of pigment suspension, drying time, and characteristics.
The document discusses various types of wall and wood finishing materials and methods. It provides details on different types of paint including distemper, emulsions, enamel paint, solvent based paints. It also discusses various wood finishes including transparent coatings like varnish and shellac, penetrating finishes like linseed oil, and opaque finishes like paint. The document outlines steps for applying wood finishes including stripping away old finishes, sanding, staining, sealing, and topcoating. It provides tips on selecting appropriate paint brushes and lists major paint brands.
Studies On Textile Printing On Cotton Fabric With Various ThickenerVijay Prakash
This document discusses studies on textile printing on cotton fabric using various thickeners. It provides details on the ingredients in a printing paste, including dyestuffs, thickeners, acids, carriers, and other components. It examines the functions and properties of natural thickeners like starch, gum, and modified starch as well as synthetic thickeners. The document also explores different printing methods such as direct printing, discharge printing, and resist printing. Screen printing and its flat and rotary variations are described along with advantages and disadvantages.
This document provides definitions and causes and remedies for common paint defects seen on automobile parts during the painting process. It defines and describes various defects such as dust, lint, orange peel, oil mark, paint sagging/rundown, scratch, paint peel off, pin hole, paint drop/spit, water mark, uncover, dent, emery mark, hair mark, blister, popping, and cissing. For each defect, it lists potential causes and recommended remedies to address the issue and prevent reoccurrence. The document serves as a reference for identifying and troubleshooting common paint defects.
This document provides application guidelines for using Createx Airbrush Colors and Wicked Colors paints. It describes the different types of paints available, such as opaque, transparent, fluorescent, and pearlized colors. It also provides tips for surface preparation, application techniques like applying in light coats, and curing methods using a heat gun, shirt press or iron. Safety precautions and additives that can improve flow and reduce drying time are also outlined.
Emulsion and oil-based paints differ in their composition, drying time, and durability. Emulsion paint uses water as a solvent and resin as a binder, allowing it to dry quickly. It is more durable than oil-based paint, which uses thinners like turpentine and drying oils like linseed oil as a binder. Oil-based paint takes longer to dry but can be used on surfaces like metal and wood. Both emulsion and oil-based paints are popular options for home decorating, but emulsion paint provides better coverage and durability at a lower cost.
Paint is made up of pigments, binders, solvents, and additives. The pigment provides color, the binder allows the paint to form a film, and the solvent controls the flow and application of the paint. Common pigments are used to color paints, inks, plastics, fabrics, and other materials. Binders suspend the pigment in a vehicle and give the paint its adhesion. Solvents are used to dissolve compounds in paint and allow it to dry rapidly after application. The three main types of paint are watercolor, oils, and acrylics, which differ in terms of pigment suspension, drying time, and characteristics.
The document discusses various types of wall and wood finishing materials and methods. It provides details on different types of paint including distemper, emulsions, enamel paint, solvent based paints. It also discusses various wood finishes including transparent coatings like varnish and shellac, penetrating finishes like linseed oil, and opaque finishes like paint. The document outlines steps for applying wood finishes including stripping away old finishes, sanding, staining, sealing, and topcoating. It provides tips on selecting appropriate paint brushes and lists major paint brands.
Studies On Textile Printing On Cotton Fabric With Various ThickenerVijay Prakash
This document discusses studies on textile printing on cotton fabric using various thickeners. It provides details on the ingredients in a printing paste, including dyestuffs, thickeners, acids, carriers, and other components. It examines the functions and properties of natural thickeners like starch, gum, and modified starch as well as synthetic thickeners. The document also explores different printing methods such as direct printing, discharge printing, and resist printing. Screen printing and its flat and rotary variations are described along with advantages and disadvantages.
The document discusses enamel paint, including its composition, common uses, types, application process, advantages, disadvantages, and market survey of popular brands. Enamel paint is an oil-based paint that forms a hard, glossy coating. It is waterproof and resistant to chemicals. Common uses include interior/exterior walls, woodwork, and surfaces like metal. There are gloss and satin finishes. Application involves preparing the surface, applying primer, and then two coats of enamel paint. Popular brands like Berger, Asian, and Indigo offer enamel paints in various finishes and prices.
This document discusses different types of paints and their uses. It lists various paint categories like aluminum paints, anticorrosive paints, asbestos paints, bituminous paints, bronze paints, cellulose paints, casein paints, cement-based paints, enamel paints, oil paints and rubber base paints. It then provides details on specific paint types, what they are used for, and their compositions. The document also discusses major paint brands available in India like Asian Paints, ICI and Nerolac and provides information on their product ranges.
Surface coating industry is one of the most popular industries. Paints, varnishes and lacquers industry is gaining ground at a rapid pace in modern time accompanied with closed advance in surface coating technology. They are formulated for specific purposes: outside house paints and exterior varnishes are intended to give good service when exposed to weathering; interior wall paints are formulated to give excellent coverage and good wash ability; and lacquers are formulated for rapid drying.
Tags
Formulas for Preparing Spirit Varnishes, Formulas of Oil Varnishes, Formulation of Lacquer, Formulation of Paint, Formulation of the Volatiles in Nitrocellulose Lacquers, Formulation of Varnishes, Fundamentals of paint, varnish, and lacquer technology, How paint is made, How to Make Nitrocellulose Lacquer, How to make paint and build your own factory, How to make varnish, How to manufacture lacquer, How to manufacture lacquer paint, oils paint, How to Manufacture Paints, Varnishes and Lacquers, How to Start a Lacquer Production Business, How to Start a Paint and Varnish Business, How to start a successful Paint business, How to start a successful varnish and lacquer business, How to start a varnish and lacquer making business?, How to Start Lacquer manufacturing Industry in India, How to Start Paint Manufacturing Industry in India, How to Start Paint Production Business, Indian paint industry, Introduction to lacquer production, Lacquer Based Profitable Projects, Lacquer Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Lacquer Business, Lacquer Formulation, Lacquer manufacturing Industry in India, Lacquer production process, Manufacture of Paint and Varnish, Manufacture of paints, varnishes and similar coatings, Manufacture of varnishes, Manufacturing Paint and Coatings, Most Profitable Lacquer Processing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Paint Manufacturing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Lacquer manufacturing industry, New small scale ideas in Paint Manufacturing industry, Oil Varnishes manufacturing, Paint and varnish facts and formulae, Paint and Varnish Manufacture, Paint Formulation and Process, Paint Formulation, Paint Making Small Business Manufacturing, Paint manufacturing Business, Paint Manufacturing Industry in India, Paint manufacturing process, Paint Manufacturing, Paint pigment varnish & lacquer manufacturing, Paint Production Business, Paint production process, Paint production technology, Paint Varnish Solvents & Coating Technology Book, Paints and Pigments Technology book, Pigment Manufacturing, Process of paint production, Profitable Small Scale Paint Manufacturing, Profitable Small Scale varnish and lacquer manufacturing, Raw materials used in paint manufacturing, Resin and Varnish Manufacture, Setting up and opening your Paint Business, Setting up and opening your varnish and lacquer Business, Small scale Commercial Paint making, Small scale Commercial varnish and lacquer making
This report discusses wood finishing and coating technology. It describes the various stages of wood preparation, finishing solvent preparation using a 2:1:1 ratio of AC lacquer, thinner and hardener, and finishing application methods such as spraying and sanding. The top coat is then applied using a medium solids clear acid catalyzed lacquer. While the stages faced some failures due to technical problems and inaccurate solvent mixtures, the overall finishing and coating process helped to protect and beautify the wood surface.
Studies on textile printing on cotton fabric with Various ThickenerVijay Prakash
Printing is a process for reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest examples include Cylinder seals and other objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The earliest known form of woodblock printing came from China dating to before 220 A.D. Later developments in printing include the movable type, first developed by Bi Sheng in China. The printing press, a more efficient printing process for western languages with their more limited alphabets, was developed by Johannes Gutenberg in the fifteenth century.
Modern printing is done typically with ink on paper using a printing press. It is also frequently done on metals, plastics, cloth and composite materials. On paper it is often carried out as a large-scale industrial process and is an essential part of publishing and transaction printing.
Printing spread early to Korea and Japan, which also used Chinese logograms, but the technique was also used in Turpan and Vietnam using a number of other scripts. This technique then spread to Persia and Russia. This technique was transmitted to Europe from China, via the Islamic world, and by around 1400 was being used on paper for old master prints and playing cards. However, Arabs never used this to print the Quran because of the limit of Islam doctrine.
- Dental waxes are used for patterns, processing, and impressions. They consist of natural or synthetic waxes, resins, oils, and pigments.
- Waxes have a melting range rather than a single melting point and expand and contract with temperature changes. Dental waxes have higher coefficients of thermal expansion than other restorative materials.
- Common waxes include inlay wax for metallic restorations, casting wax for partial dentures, base plate wax for trays and spacers, and shellac denture base as a temporary denture material. Impression waxes like corrective wax and bite registration wax are also used.
This document compares the composition, properties, advantages, and disadvantages of enamel paint and epoxy paint. Enamel paint is made up of solvents, binders like oils and acrylics, and pigments. It dries quickly, is waterproof and durable. Advantages include a wide range of colors and easy application, while disadvantages include potential toxicity and insolubility in liquid. Epoxy paint contains chemical substances like resins and is also waterproof and durable. It has similar advantages as enamel paint but has a higher cost and lower disadvantages. Precautions for both include proper storage and ventilation.
This document discusses marine coatings and protective coatings. It provides information on the types of structures that coatings protect, including ships, offshore structures, and industrial equipment. It notes that the main function of coatings is to protect steel from corrosion and chemicals. The document also provides statistics on the market size for anticorrosion coatings and discusses the key performance requirements for marine coatings. It describes some of the major application areas that utilize coatings, including ballast tanks, cargo holds, and offshore oil platforms.
This document discusses different types of paints, including cement paints and enamel paints. It provides details on the key ingredients in cement paints, which is a mixture of Portland or white cement, lime, mineral extenders, and water repellent substances. Cement paint provides protection from UV rays, severe weather, and prevents fungus/bacteria growth on masonry surfaces. Enamel paint has a hard, glossy and opaque finish and is made from white lead or zinc white ground in oil and mixed with petroleum spirit and resinous matter. It can be applied to woodwork, plastered surfaces, and iron/steel surfaces.
Paint is a liquid composition that forms a solid film after application. It has pigments, a binder, additives, and a solvent. The main functions of paint are to give attractive colors, protect surfaces from weathering, and decorate structures. There are several types of paints including oil paints, emulsion paints, synthetic paints, and varnishes. Proper surface preparation and application techniques help ensure a high quality paint job.
This document discusses paints used in construction, including their components and uses. It describes the typical materials that make up paint bases, fillers, binders, solvents, driers, and pigments. It outlines the main functions of paint to protect surfaces, improve appearance, and make materials durable. Several types of paint are summarized for different surfaces, including distemper and emulsion paints for interiors, cement and acrylic paints for exteriors, varnishes and polyurethanes for wood, and enamel paints for metal. The document also briefly mentions the paint industry in Bangladesh.
This document discusses different types of dental waxes, including their definitions, classifications, components, properties and uses. The main types covered are modelling wax, inlay wax, casting wax, boxing wax and sticky wax. For each type, the document outlines their composition, melting range, properties and intended uses. Thermal properties like solid-solid transition temperature, coefficient of thermal expansion and melting range are discussed for dental waxes in general.
A wrinkle, also known as a rhytide, is a fold, ridge or crease in the cloth or garments. Wrinkle is a particular type of pressure in the finished fabric. It is produced during finishing operations by the thickness of the seam used to join pieces for processing.Resin & its use in Denim garments industry to create unique & vintage looks which add value to denim garments & improves it sale ability in market. In 80’s we have seen Resin being used to give non press , iron free trousers & now we are using in Denims to make wrinkles & creases to look natural vintage which stays after multiple home laundries.
Paints are used to protect surfaces and improve appearance. They consist of a body, vehicle, pigment, thinner, and sometimes dryers or additives. Bodies form the paint film and include materials like zinc oxide or iron oxide. Vehicles allow the body and pigment to spread over surfaces and include oils like linseed oil. Pigments provide color. Thinners increase fluidity. Dryers quicken drying. Additives modify properties. Bitumen includes tar, pitch, and asphalt and is used for waterproofing and roads. Rubber can be natural or synthetic and is used for tires, flooring, and other applications. Good paint has properties like wearability, covering ability, and being environment
This document discusses dental casting waxes. It begins by classifying waxes according to origin (natural vs synthetic) and use (pattern, processing, or impression waxes). The document then focuses on inlay casting waxes, describing their typical composition including paraffin, carnauba wax, beeswax and other components. Properties of inlay waxes like flow and thermal expansion are discussed. Desirable properties for inlay casting waxes are listed, including uniformity, contrasting color, dimensional stability, and complete burnout without residue.
Garment dyeing with pigments provides a wash-down effect that is not possible with other dye types like reactives or sulphur dyes. Pigment dyeing uses cationic polymers and reactants to attach pigment particles to fiber surfaces in a multi-layered structure for robust, level dyeing with good fastness properties. It is an economical process using less water, energy and chemicals than other dyeing methods. Common issues in pigment dyeing like unevenness can be addressed by ensuring proper pretreatment, liquor ratios, and pigment dispersion properties.
The document discusses dental waxes, including their definition, history, properties, uses, sources, and classification. Dental waxes are low-melting esters used to make patterns, impressions, and other dental applications. Their properties like plasticity and low melting point make them suitable for these tasks. Waxes have been used in dentistry since ancient times and are still important today due to their low cost and properties. Common waxes include beeswax, carnauba, paraffin and other plant and mineral-based waxes.
The document discusses the process of paint formulation and manufacturing. It provides an overview of the paint industry, describing how paint is made and the different types of paints and their uses. It also discusses the key raw materials used in paint formulation, including pigments, binders, solvents, and additives. The document outlines the major steps in paint manufacturing, including premixing, grinding, tinting, and quality control processes.
1. Denim fabric finishing involves mechanical and chemical washes to enhance the fabric's appeal and provide strength. Common mechanical washes include stone washing, which uses pumice stones to abrade fabric surfaces, and microsanding, which similarly abrades fabric surfaces using sand or other abrasives.
2. Common chemical washes include enzyme washing, which uses cellulase enzymes to selectively break down cotton fibers, acid washing, which uses acid to create color contrasts, and bleach washing, which uses bleaching agents to lighten the fabric. Each method produces different aesthetic effects but also has limitations like lack of color uniformity, potential damage, or environmental pollution.
3. Proper selection of wash method and process
PAINTINGS OF EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR SURFACESjagrutib22
PAINTINGS OF EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR SURFACES - principal types of coating, Paints - function, purpose, properties, classification, components of paints, different types of paints, why do we need different types of paints, manufacturing procedure, surface preparation for exterior and interior surfaces, defects in paints, cost and everything about paints.
The document provides guidance on selecting the proper spray tip for airless coating equipment. It discusses factors to consider like the material thickness and sprayer's flow rate. The tip's orifice size determines the flow rate and fan width. Worn tips reduce efficiency by wasting more paint and labor. Charts provide recommended tip sizes for common coatings and identify tip numbering codes. Proper tip selection is important for productivity, control, and minimizing overspray.
All the paint application techniques are discussed in very well manner. Brush application, roller application, spray application, spray painting, etc are discussed in detail.
The document discusses enamel paint, including its composition, common uses, types, application process, advantages, disadvantages, and market survey of popular brands. Enamel paint is an oil-based paint that forms a hard, glossy coating. It is waterproof and resistant to chemicals. Common uses include interior/exterior walls, woodwork, and surfaces like metal. There are gloss and satin finishes. Application involves preparing the surface, applying primer, and then two coats of enamel paint. Popular brands like Berger, Asian, and Indigo offer enamel paints in various finishes and prices.
This document discusses different types of paints and their uses. It lists various paint categories like aluminum paints, anticorrosive paints, asbestos paints, bituminous paints, bronze paints, cellulose paints, casein paints, cement-based paints, enamel paints, oil paints and rubber base paints. It then provides details on specific paint types, what they are used for, and their compositions. The document also discusses major paint brands available in India like Asian Paints, ICI and Nerolac and provides information on their product ranges.
Surface coating industry is one of the most popular industries. Paints, varnishes and lacquers industry is gaining ground at a rapid pace in modern time accompanied with closed advance in surface coating technology. They are formulated for specific purposes: outside house paints and exterior varnishes are intended to give good service when exposed to weathering; interior wall paints are formulated to give excellent coverage and good wash ability; and lacquers are formulated for rapid drying.
Tags
Formulas for Preparing Spirit Varnishes, Formulas of Oil Varnishes, Formulation of Lacquer, Formulation of Paint, Formulation of the Volatiles in Nitrocellulose Lacquers, Formulation of Varnishes, Fundamentals of paint, varnish, and lacquer technology, How paint is made, How to Make Nitrocellulose Lacquer, How to make paint and build your own factory, How to make varnish, How to manufacture lacquer, How to manufacture lacquer paint, oils paint, How to Manufacture Paints, Varnishes and Lacquers, How to Start a Lacquer Production Business, How to Start a Paint and Varnish Business, How to start a successful Paint business, How to start a successful varnish and lacquer business, How to start a varnish and lacquer making business?, How to Start Lacquer manufacturing Industry in India, How to Start Paint Manufacturing Industry in India, How to Start Paint Production Business, Indian paint industry, Introduction to lacquer production, Lacquer Based Profitable Projects, Lacquer Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Lacquer Business, Lacquer Formulation, Lacquer manufacturing Industry in India, Lacquer production process, Manufacture of Paint and Varnish, Manufacture of paints, varnishes and similar coatings, Manufacture of varnishes, Manufacturing Paint and Coatings, Most Profitable Lacquer Processing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Paint Manufacturing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Lacquer manufacturing industry, New small scale ideas in Paint Manufacturing industry, Oil Varnishes manufacturing, Paint and varnish facts and formulae, Paint and Varnish Manufacture, Paint Formulation and Process, Paint Formulation, Paint Making Small Business Manufacturing, Paint manufacturing Business, Paint Manufacturing Industry in India, Paint manufacturing process, Paint Manufacturing, Paint pigment varnish & lacquer manufacturing, Paint Production Business, Paint production process, Paint production technology, Paint Varnish Solvents & Coating Technology Book, Paints and Pigments Technology book, Pigment Manufacturing, Process of paint production, Profitable Small Scale Paint Manufacturing, Profitable Small Scale varnish and lacquer manufacturing, Raw materials used in paint manufacturing, Resin and Varnish Manufacture, Setting up and opening your Paint Business, Setting up and opening your varnish and lacquer Business, Small scale Commercial Paint making, Small scale Commercial varnish and lacquer making
This report discusses wood finishing and coating technology. It describes the various stages of wood preparation, finishing solvent preparation using a 2:1:1 ratio of AC lacquer, thinner and hardener, and finishing application methods such as spraying and sanding. The top coat is then applied using a medium solids clear acid catalyzed lacquer. While the stages faced some failures due to technical problems and inaccurate solvent mixtures, the overall finishing and coating process helped to protect and beautify the wood surface.
Studies on textile printing on cotton fabric with Various ThickenerVijay Prakash
Printing is a process for reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest examples include Cylinder seals and other objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The earliest known form of woodblock printing came from China dating to before 220 A.D. Later developments in printing include the movable type, first developed by Bi Sheng in China. The printing press, a more efficient printing process for western languages with their more limited alphabets, was developed by Johannes Gutenberg in the fifteenth century.
Modern printing is done typically with ink on paper using a printing press. It is also frequently done on metals, plastics, cloth and composite materials. On paper it is often carried out as a large-scale industrial process and is an essential part of publishing and transaction printing.
Printing spread early to Korea and Japan, which also used Chinese logograms, but the technique was also used in Turpan and Vietnam using a number of other scripts. This technique then spread to Persia and Russia. This technique was transmitted to Europe from China, via the Islamic world, and by around 1400 was being used on paper for old master prints and playing cards. However, Arabs never used this to print the Quran because of the limit of Islam doctrine.
- Dental waxes are used for patterns, processing, and impressions. They consist of natural or synthetic waxes, resins, oils, and pigments.
- Waxes have a melting range rather than a single melting point and expand and contract with temperature changes. Dental waxes have higher coefficients of thermal expansion than other restorative materials.
- Common waxes include inlay wax for metallic restorations, casting wax for partial dentures, base plate wax for trays and spacers, and shellac denture base as a temporary denture material. Impression waxes like corrective wax and bite registration wax are also used.
This document compares the composition, properties, advantages, and disadvantages of enamel paint and epoxy paint. Enamel paint is made up of solvents, binders like oils and acrylics, and pigments. It dries quickly, is waterproof and durable. Advantages include a wide range of colors and easy application, while disadvantages include potential toxicity and insolubility in liquid. Epoxy paint contains chemical substances like resins and is also waterproof and durable. It has similar advantages as enamel paint but has a higher cost and lower disadvantages. Precautions for both include proper storage and ventilation.
This document discusses marine coatings and protective coatings. It provides information on the types of structures that coatings protect, including ships, offshore structures, and industrial equipment. It notes that the main function of coatings is to protect steel from corrosion and chemicals. The document also provides statistics on the market size for anticorrosion coatings and discusses the key performance requirements for marine coatings. It describes some of the major application areas that utilize coatings, including ballast tanks, cargo holds, and offshore oil platforms.
This document discusses different types of paints, including cement paints and enamel paints. It provides details on the key ingredients in cement paints, which is a mixture of Portland or white cement, lime, mineral extenders, and water repellent substances. Cement paint provides protection from UV rays, severe weather, and prevents fungus/bacteria growth on masonry surfaces. Enamel paint has a hard, glossy and opaque finish and is made from white lead or zinc white ground in oil and mixed with petroleum spirit and resinous matter. It can be applied to woodwork, plastered surfaces, and iron/steel surfaces.
Paint is a liquid composition that forms a solid film after application. It has pigments, a binder, additives, and a solvent. The main functions of paint are to give attractive colors, protect surfaces from weathering, and decorate structures. There are several types of paints including oil paints, emulsion paints, synthetic paints, and varnishes. Proper surface preparation and application techniques help ensure a high quality paint job.
This document discusses paints used in construction, including their components and uses. It describes the typical materials that make up paint bases, fillers, binders, solvents, driers, and pigments. It outlines the main functions of paint to protect surfaces, improve appearance, and make materials durable. Several types of paint are summarized for different surfaces, including distemper and emulsion paints for interiors, cement and acrylic paints for exteriors, varnishes and polyurethanes for wood, and enamel paints for metal. The document also briefly mentions the paint industry in Bangladesh.
This document discusses different types of dental waxes, including their definitions, classifications, components, properties and uses. The main types covered are modelling wax, inlay wax, casting wax, boxing wax and sticky wax. For each type, the document outlines their composition, melting range, properties and intended uses. Thermal properties like solid-solid transition temperature, coefficient of thermal expansion and melting range are discussed for dental waxes in general.
A wrinkle, also known as a rhytide, is a fold, ridge or crease in the cloth or garments. Wrinkle is a particular type of pressure in the finished fabric. It is produced during finishing operations by the thickness of the seam used to join pieces for processing.Resin & its use in Denim garments industry to create unique & vintage looks which add value to denim garments & improves it sale ability in market. In 80’s we have seen Resin being used to give non press , iron free trousers & now we are using in Denims to make wrinkles & creases to look natural vintage which stays after multiple home laundries.
Paints are used to protect surfaces and improve appearance. They consist of a body, vehicle, pigment, thinner, and sometimes dryers or additives. Bodies form the paint film and include materials like zinc oxide or iron oxide. Vehicles allow the body and pigment to spread over surfaces and include oils like linseed oil. Pigments provide color. Thinners increase fluidity. Dryers quicken drying. Additives modify properties. Bitumen includes tar, pitch, and asphalt and is used for waterproofing and roads. Rubber can be natural or synthetic and is used for tires, flooring, and other applications. Good paint has properties like wearability, covering ability, and being environment
This document discusses dental casting waxes. It begins by classifying waxes according to origin (natural vs synthetic) and use (pattern, processing, or impression waxes). The document then focuses on inlay casting waxes, describing their typical composition including paraffin, carnauba wax, beeswax and other components. Properties of inlay waxes like flow and thermal expansion are discussed. Desirable properties for inlay casting waxes are listed, including uniformity, contrasting color, dimensional stability, and complete burnout without residue.
Garment dyeing with pigments provides a wash-down effect that is not possible with other dye types like reactives or sulphur dyes. Pigment dyeing uses cationic polymers and reactants to attach pigment particles to fiber surfaces in a multi-layered structure for robust, level dyeing with good fastness properties. It is an economical process using less water, energy and chemicals than other dyeing methods. Common issues in pigment dyeing like unevenness can be addressed by ensuring proper pretreatment, liquor ratios, and pigment dispersion properties.
The document discusses dental waxes, including their definition, history, properties, uses, sources, and classification. Dental waxes are low-melting esters used to make patterns, impressions, and other dental applications. Their properties like plasticity and low melting point make them suitable for these tasks. Waxes have been used in dentistry since ancient times and are still important today due to their low cost and properties. Common waxes include beeswax, carnauba, paraffin and other plant and mineral-based waxes.
The document discusses the process of paint formulation and manufacturing. It provides an overview of the paint industry, describing how paint is made and the different types of paints and their uses. It also discusses the key raw materials used in paint formulation, including pigments, binders, solvents, and additives. The document outlines the major steps in paint manufacturing, including premixing, grinding, tinting, and quality control processes.
1. Denim fabric finishing involves mechanical and chemical washes to enhance the fabric's appeal and provide strength. Common mechanical washes include stone washing, which uses pumice stones to abrade fabric surfaces, and microsanding, which similarly abrades fabric surfaces using sand or other abrasives.
2. Common chemical washes include enzyme washing, which uses cellulase enzymes to selectively break down cotton fibers, acid washing, which uses acid to create color contrasts, and bleach washing, which uses bleaching agents to lighten the fabric. Each method produces different aesthetic effects but also has limitations like lack of color uniformity, potential damage, or environmental pollution.
3. Proper selection of wash method and process
PAINTINGS OF EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR SURFACESjagrutib22
PAINTINGS OF EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR SURFACES - principal types of coating, Paints - function, purpose, properties, classification, components of paints, different types of paints, why do we need different types of paints, manufacturing procedure, surface preparation for exterior and interior surfaces, defects in paints, cost and everything about paints.
The document provides guidance on selecting the proper spray tip for airless coating equipment. It discusses factors to consider like the material thickness and sprayer's flow rate. The tip's orifice size determines the flow rate and fan width. Worn tips reduce efficiency by wasting more paint and labor. Charts provide recommended tip sizes for common coatings and identify tip numbering codes. Proper tip selection is important for productivity, control, and minimizing overspray.
All the paint application techniques are discussed in very well manner. Brush application, roller application, spray application, spray painting, etc are discussed in detail.
Offering range of ours consists of Standard Spray Booths, Paint Mixing, Feeding & Controlling Equipment, Shot Blasting, Car Refinishing Booths, Car Care Products and many more to name.
Foam dyeing is a textile finishing process where fabric is padded with a foam made from an aqueous solution of dyestuff, foaming agent, and dyestuff carrier. This allows for improved dye fixation and color penetration into the fiber compared to conventional dyeing. There are two main types of foam used - dispersion foam made by introducing gas into a liquid, and condensation foam formed by gas generation within a liquid. Foam dyeing offers benefits like lower material and water usage compared to traditional wet processing along with being more eco-friendly and energy efficient.
1. Paints and distempers are used for interior and exterior works of buildings. Paints provide a decorative and durable finish while distempers are water-based paints made from chalk, glue, and resin or acrylic binder.
2. Common paint defects include cratering, dust/nibs, orange peel, sagging, and poor opacity. Their causes relate to application issues, materials, and environmental conditions. Defects can be remedied through sanding, re-application of paint, or adjustments to the application process.
3. Enamel paint produces a hard, glossy finish and is made by adding varnish to oil-based paint. It is suitable for wood
This document provides an overview of airbrushing for model painting. It discusses the basics of how airbrushes work and the types available, including single-action and double-action. It also covers necessary equipment like compressors and paint considerations like thinning. Tips are provided on techniques like distance, testing spray patterns, and applying color in layers to achieve camouflage schemes. The overall message is that with practice, airbrushing allows for fine, smooth finishes that can realistically replicate full-size painted surfaces on scale models.
Foam dyeing involves padding a fabric with an aqueous foam formed from dyestuff, a foaming agent, and a carrier. The padded fabric is heated to fix the dye into the fibers. This method provides improved dye uptake and fixation, higher color yields, and better fabric stability compared to conventional dyeing. Foam acts as the medium to carry and disperse dyes evenly onto fabrics. Different types of foaming agents and foam application methods are used depending on the fabric and desired results.
2 yellow road marking acrylic paint lead freeturoturi
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2015 CREATEX Wicked and Auto Air Hard Surface Guide
1. † Auto Air Colors, Wicked Colors, Createx Illustration Colors, AutoBorne are trademarks of ColorCraft Ltd, Inc.
Hard Surface Application Guide
Updated May 2015 (supersedes all previous versions)
Auto Air Colors™, Wicked Colors™, AutoBorne™ Sealers
Conditions
Recommended painting conditions: 70‐75°F / 21‐24°C in a dry, dust‐free environment. When painting in humid
or colder conditions, allow for extended drying time. Use of air flow decreases drying time and is recommended
as the primary means to cure paint. Avoid painting in humidity over 75% and temperatures below 60°F / 15°C.
Compatibility
Auto Air Colors™ & Wicked Colors™ (herein collectively referred to as “Auto Air Colors”) are inter‐mixable and inter‐coatable.
AutoBorne™ Sealers are inter‐coatable with Auto Air Colors, and any other paint type. AutoBorne Sealers are not directly inter‐
mixable with Auto Air Colors or other paint types. Auto Air Colors are universally compatible with most any primer, paint and clear
type. Urethane clear recommended as top‐coat, however, many other clear types are also compatible, test first. For best results,
AutoBorne Sealers should be the foundation for Auto Air Colors.
Reduction
Reduce 9:1 (10% per volume) 4012 High Performance Reducer. As reducer is a mild solvent, best spray performance is achieved
when reduced mix allowed to sit at least 10 minutes prior to spraying.
Pot-Life: After reduction, colors generally have a 12 hour pot-life after which viscosity may change and more reduction may be
required. We recommend only reducing colors intended for application within a 6 hour time window.
Spray Gun: Auto Air Colors and Wicked Colors spray best with a 1.2mm tip operated around 30 psi inlet. AutoBorne
Sealers spray best with a 1.3 to 1.4mm tip‐size operated around 20 to 25 psi inlet.
Touch – Up Gun: Auto Air Colors and Wicked Colors spray best with a 0.8mm to 1.0mm tip‐size, operated about 30 psi
inlet. AutoBorne Sealers spray best through a larger tip size of 1.2mm to 1.3mm operated 20 – 25 psi.
Airbrush : Reduction for airbrushing is about creating the best viscosity to achieve optimum atomization. There are no
rigid set of reduction ratios. This changes depending on color type (e.g. opaque vs. transparent), airbrush tip-size, psi and
technique (e.g. base color vs. fine – line). Reduction ratios are generally 25% for large tip-sizes (0.5mm) and 30 - 50% for
medium tips (0.35mm) and even more for smaller tip sizes. These are starting suggestions; reduce as needed to achieve
best atomization.
Applying Auto Air Colors over AutoBorne Sealers greatly improves coverage.
Color-key Auto Air Color with Sealer color, for example 4308 Pearlescent Blue over 6009 Sealer Process Blue.
Material Usage
On average, one 4oz. bottle of Auto Air Colors covers 3 square feet and a 2 oz. bottle of Wicked Colors 1.5 square feet.
Improve Coverage – AutoBorne Sealers
AutoBorne Sealers is our absolute best way to get the most out of Auto Air Colors for base paint and graphic application.
Color-key with Auto Air Colors for our best results, coverage and quality of finish. For example, applying 4315 Pearlescent
Orange over 6005 AutoBorne Sealer Orange will require about 2 light coats as opposed to 3 or 4 heavier coats over a white
sealer, which may result in uneven metallic orientation and extended drying times.
AutoBorne Sealer benefits go beyond coverage and adhesion; a more uniform orientation of pearls and metallic is
achieved due to less material being applied. Color-keyed over AutoBorne Sealers, colors are applied as a mid-coat with
most often less material per coat compared to applying same color over a traditional black, grey or white. Of course,
sometimes a black or white base may be best, e.g. silvers over a black base and pearl whites over a white base.
Material Usage Guide: Motorcycle Tank & Fender
Small / Average Auto Door
Jambs
Truck / SUV Door Jambs
AutoBorne Sealers 1 Pint 1 Quart 2 Quarts
Auto Air 4100 Series Aluminum Bases 1 Pint 2 Quarts 3 Quarts
Auto Air 4200 Series Colors 1 Pint 2 Quarts 3 Quarts
Auto Air Colors 4300 Series 1 Pint 2 Quarts 3 Quarts
Auto Air Colors 4400 Series 8 oz. - 1 Pint 1 Pint - 1 Quart 1 - 2 Quarts
Auto Air 4500 Series Hot Rod & Cosmic Sparkle Colors 8 oz. - 1 Pint 1 Pint - 1 Quart 1 - 2 Quarts
Auto Air 4500 Sparklescent Colors 1 Pint - 1 Quart 2 - 3 Quarts 3 - 4 Quarts
Auto Air 4600 Series Candy Pigment Colors 1 Pint - 1 Quart 2 - 3 Quarts 3 - 4 Quarts
2. † Auto Air Colors, Wicked Colors, Createx Illustration Colors, AutoBorne are trademarks of ColorCraft Ltd, Inc.
PREPERATION
Proper preparation is crucial to ensuring a successful paint job. This guide does not cover preparation of substrate defects.
Prepare surface with attention to the following:
• Clean the surface thoroughly before & after sanding. Use both soap & water and a degreaser to remove oils before
sealer or paint. Allow enough time to ensure all solvents & waters have flashed from paint-ready surface.
• Scuff with 600 ‐ 800 grit sandpaper or equivalent grade scuff pad to ensure a flat surface. Use a sanding block, not
finger tips, when sanding.
• Scuff thoroughly to remove all gloss areas from the surface, especially crevices, edges and areas difficult to reach as
this is where paint will often peel. We agree, sanding isn’t always fun, but good paintjobs are. Sand thoroughly all
crevices being careful not to burn through an edge exposing bare metal. If metal exposed, treat with phosphoric acid
or apply DTM etch-primer before re-applying sealer.
• As mentioned elsewhere in guide, we highly recommend starting with AutoBorne Sealers due to their adhesion.
Custom painting involves paint abuse such as excessive taping and cutting into with a blade during graphic application.
Strain Color
Use a nylon meshed‐filter to strain colors prior to each usage especially when painting with a spray gun using a
transparent or candy.
Plastics
AutoBorne Sealers have excellent adhesion to soft and medium plastics with a Shore D Durometer of 80 or less. For
harder plastics such as polystrenes, nylon and higher, an adhesion promoter is required prior to applying AutoBorne
Sealer. Prepare plastic by scuffing 400 grit paper or a coarse scuff pad.
Tip: Perform a simple tape test to determine whether an adhesion promoter is required. Scuff, clean and paint a small
portion of the plastic. Allow paint to thoroughly dry and cure. Next, apply tape direct to the paint then peel off. If paint
peels up with the tape, an adhesion promoter is required.
APPLICATION
1. Use the correct tip‐size and psi setting.
Airbrush: Reduce as needed, refer to reduction on front page.
Spray gun: Auto Air Colors atomize best with a 1.2mm to 1.3mm tip sprayed around 30 – 35 psi. AutoBorne
Sealers best with a 1.3 to 1.4mm tip size 20 – 25 psi. Reduction is generally 10% per volume to achieve viscosity
best for atomization. Colors may require varying reduction amounts compared to others to achieving best
viscosity for each color.
Tip: Proper atomization is everything. Paint dries quicker and performs best when finely atomized. Always test
fan pattern each and every time right before painting, even after a short break as paint may have dried in tip
where even minor clogging in air holes affects atomization.
2. Work in light coats. Full color saturation should require 3 – 4 coats over a neutral hue, 2 – 3 over a color-keyed AutoBorne
Sealer. Transparent and candy colors require often 5 – 8 coats. Applying coats with excess material results in a textured
finish and extended drying times.
3. Allow each coat to air dry tack free to a matte finish prior to applying the next coat. Do not use heat to force dry paint. Use
air movement from a fan or other source such as an air gun to decrease drying times and assist curing. For best drying
times, set air blowers and fans to 200 feet per minute (FPM).
4. A variety of spray patterns may be used when painting large panels with a spray gun or touch‐up gun. Make sure even
coverage is achieved by using a consistent pattern throughout the paint job. Traditional 50/50 overlapping patterns may
be used so long as they are consistent and material is not flooded on. Make sure paint is applied from the best atomized
portion of the spray fan.
5. The orientation of the Auto Air Colors 4300 Series, Auto Air Colors 4500 Series, and Wicked Pearlescent Colors, will benefit
from a drop‐coat or control coat after full coverage has been achieved. Reduce psi by approximately 7 ‐ 10 psi. Apply
either by a single pass or a cross coat pattern. Allow control coat to air dry
6. Set gun so paint is finely atomized. If large paint drops are noticeable, the paint is under‐atomized. Dial in fluid adjustment
knob to 1/4 to 1/2 turn from full shut‐off.
3. † Auto Air Colors, Wicked Colors, Createx Illustration Colors, AutoBorne are trademarks of ColorCraft Ltd, Inc.
DRYING & CURING TIMES
Auto Air Colors are water‐based paints which dry according to a variety of factors such as temperature, dew point & humidity levels
of the spray environment and the amount of material applied per coat. AutoBorne Sealers dry much quicker compared to Auto Air
Colors, making them the best starting point from which to work on. Color-keying Auto Air Colors to AutoBorne Sealer improves
drying times as much less material is used for complete coverage.
1. 75 ‐ 80° F and humidity levels of 50% and below are ideal for painting with water‐based paints, especially for larger paint jobs.
Avoid painting when the temperature of the substrate is not greater than 25 degrees °F above the dew point. Painting in conditions
where the dew point is high and closer to the temperature of the substrate greatly increases drying times and loss of adhesion.
2. Using the correct tip size not only atomizes paint properly, but decreases the drying times. Properly atomized paint dries much
quicker compared to paint applied heavily or under‐atomized.
3. Reducing with 4012 High Performance Reducer creates the most durable coating. High Performance Reducer cures colors
through air drying alone. Colors dry to noticeable matte finish compared to a semi‐gloss coating which is semi‐cured when colors
are not reduced.
4. Work in light coats. Allow each coat to air dry tack free prior to applying the next coat. This is the quickest time to tape and clear.
Recommended film build with non‐metallic colors is 0.8 ‐ 1.0 mils per coat.
5. Use air movement to assist curing, not heat. Wind from a fan works excellent to decrease drying times, especially when paint is
applied lightly without excessive material. Avoid force drying with heat as this may create a latex‐like film which easily peels up. For
best drying times, set air blowers and fans to 200 feet per minute (FPM).
6. Auto Air Colors air dry to a cured film suitable for direct taping and top‐coating with a catalyzed, urethane clear. Use of heat as a
final cure after paint has thoroughly air dried is only essential when painting textiles or other substrates which will be washed.
7. There are no time windows when painting with Auto Air Colors and AutoBorne Sealers. Additional coats of paint and the top‐coat
clear may be applied at any time after the underlying coat has air dried. Scuffing is not required. Colors or top‐coat may be applied
direct to paint any time after it has air dried.
Dry Times – General Guidelines (set at 70 deg.F. and humidity levels under 50%)
In between coats should be approximately 2 ‐ 5 minutes. It is best to wait until the paint dries to a matte finish.
Time to tape and handle is approximately 30 minutes.
Time to top‐coat with a clear is approximately 60 minutes at a minimum. Allow for extended drying if working in an open
environment and not able to cure under recommended conditions.
Tip: Humidity and temperature greatly affect drying times. The colder, the more humid conditions are from our
recommended conditions, the longer paint should wait before taping or clear.
TAPING & MASKING
After colors have thoroughly dried, they are safe to directly tape on without the use of an inter‐coat.
After thoroughly drying, Auto Air Colors and AutoBorne Sealers are safe to directly tape on with medium and high tack
tape & masking film.
4004 Auto Air Colors Transparent Base and W200 Wicked Colors Transparent Base may be used as a light, protective inter‐
coat over paint on which to tape over. Urethane inter‐coat clears and bases may also be applied as an inter‐coat.
Tip: To create clean edges along tape lines, apply another light coat of the base color along the graphic edge prior to
applying the graphic’s color(s). The additional coat of the base color will fill‐in any open space under the tape and crawl in
slightly under the tape line, creating a crisper line when the graphic color is next applied.
SANDING Auto Air Colors and AutoBorne Sealers
Sanding not required prior to applying paint. It is optional for graphic considerations and repairs.
AutoBorne Sealers shave when sanded. Auto Air Colors tend to roll in paper and do not shave as well as do AutoBorne
Sealers. Auto Air Colors require a coarser grade of paper compared to AutoBorne Sealers and solvent paints.
Dry sand colors only. Do not wet sand with water.
If wet sanding is preferred use odorless mineral spirits as sanding lubrication, not water. Dry sand using 800‐grit
sandpaper. Generally, Auto Air Colors and Wicked Colors sand better with a coarser grade of sand‐ paper than what is
commonly used for solvent‐based paints. Drying times to effectively sand paint with finer shave particles requires
extended drying times. If sanding paint, a re‐coat must be applied prior to top‐coating with a clear to hide scratch marks.
4. † Auto Air Colors, Wicked Colors, Createx Illustration Colors, AutoBorne are trademarks of ColorCraft Ltd, Inc.
CLEANING
Cleaning Auto Air Colors prior to top‐coating with a clear is not absolutely essential. Often, it is best not to clean if paint
job has been kept free of contaminates and has not sat open for an extended time.
Clean with lint-free-rag using post-sanding solvent-based degreaser or odorless mineral spirits.
Be careful when trying to clean metallic colors. Try to avoid needing to clean 4100 Series Aluminum Bases as its actual
aluminum flakes which will bend when touched, showing streak marks in final finish.
CLEARING
Auto Air Colors and AutoBorne Sealers are compatible with all urethane and polyurethane clears. A slower, higher temperature
reducer is recommended as the longer flow time allows not only better acclimation with the paint but also minimizes any texturing
when top‐coating over metallic bases, pearl flakes and pearl graphic colors.
• In addition to urethane clear, many other types of clears are also compatible including nitrocellulose lacquer clears, waterborne
clears and enamels.
• Always test first. A test panel is highly recommended prior to using a new clear type to determine the resulting finish prior to the
actual paint-job.
• Avoid use of hyper‐cure additives as well as low temperature reducers, especially with spot panel and speed production clears.
• There are no time windows to work with when deciding to top‐coat Auto Air Colors or Wicked Colors. Clear may be applied at any
time after paint has thoroughly dried. Scuffing prior to clearing is never required.
Cleaning:
Clean all spray guns and airbrushes immediately after use. 4008 Auto Air Colors Restorer works excellent to clean all parts
and partially dissolve any dried or cured paint, making clean up with water and a brush effective and easy. Flush with
water after using Restorer. Final rinse with 4012 Auto Air Colors High Performance Reducer.
Safety:
Although Auto Air Colors and AutoBorne Sealers are ultra‐low V.O.C., the user or any persons who may be exposed to the
airborne particulates are required to wear a NIOSH / MSHA approved respirator. Protect from contact with
skin or eyes. Use standard safety and handling procedures to minimize potentials hazards. See Safety Data Sheets for
complete safety and handling information. Water‐based waste should be segregated from solvent‐based waste and
disposed of in accordance with all federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations.
Createx Colors - 14 Airport Park Road / P.O. Box 120 / East Granby, CT 06026 USA (800) 243-2712
techsupport@autoaircolors.com
Visit autoaircolors.com for more information
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New Orleans, LA 70123
504-733-6509 - 800-783-2612
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