CP3-2CP3-2Finding Financial InformationLO3-2, 3-4, 3-6Refer to the financial statements of Urban Outfitters in Appendix C at the end of the book.Required:1. What is the company's revenue recognition policy? (Hint: Look in the notes to the financial statements.)2. Assuming that $50 million of cost of sales was due to noninventory purchase expenses (distribution and occupancy costs), how much inventory did the company buy during the year? (Hint: Use a T-account of inventory to infer how much was purchased.)INVENTORY (in thousands)Inventory purchased during the year:3. Calculate selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percent of sales for each year presented. (Dollars in thousands.)Year EndedSG&A Expenses /Net Sales Revenue = Percentage201220112010By what percent did these expenses increase or decrease from fiscal years ended 2011 and 2012 and between 2010 and 2011? (Hint: Percentage Change = [Current Year Amount − Prior Year Amount]/Prior Year Amount.) % ChangeIncr. or Decr.Between years ended 2011 and 2012:Between years ended 2010 and 2011:4. Compute the company's net profit margin for each year presented. (Dollars in thousands.) Fiscal Year Ended Net Income /Net Sales (or Operating) Revenues = Net Profit Margin Ratio201220112010Explain net profit margin ratio and discuss the results shown above.
CP3-2 Check FiguresCP3-2Finding Financial InformationLO3-2, 3-4, 3-6Refer to the financial statements of Urban Outfitters in Appendix C at the end of the book.Required:1. What is the company's revenue recognition policy? (Hint: Look in the notes to the financial statements.)2. Assuming that $50 million of cost of sales was due to noninventory purchase expenses (distribution and occupancy costs), how much inventory did the company buy during the year? (Hint: Use a T-account of inventory to infer how much was purchased.)INVENTORY (in thousands)Inventory purchased during the year:3. Calculate selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percent of sales for each year presented. (Dollars in thousands.)Year EndedSG&A Expenses /Net Sales Revenue = Percentage201220112010By what percent did these expenses increase or decrease from fiscal years ended 2011 and 2012 and between 2010 and 2011? (Hint: Percentage Change = [Current Year Amount − Prior Year Amount]/Prior Year Amount.) % ChangeIncr. or Decr.Between years ended 2011 and 2012:Between years ended 2010 and 2011:4. Compute the company's net profit margin for each year presented. (Dollars in thousands.) Fiscal Year Ended Net Income /Net Sales (or Operating) Revenues = Net Profit Margin Ratio20127.5%20112010Explain net profit margin ratio and discuss the results shown above.
Sheet2List 1List 2BeginningIncreaseEndingDecreasePurchasesCost of Sales
1
Quick Guides to Successful Writing at Work, Concise Third Edition
ETHICS
• observing ethical behavior, p. 18
• resolving ethical dilemmas, p. 23
• writing.
This document provides tips for PR representatives in AIESEC entities to help manage their PR area. It covers establishing a PR flow and value proposition, tracking account management, setting up corner meetings between strategic areas, defining member jobs and duties, structuring projects, and implementing branding and positioning actions. The goal is to equip PR reps with strategies for choosing strategic partners, engaging universities and student organizations, and coordinating efforts across different areas to achieve organizational goals.
This document summarizes a study that examined the relationship between bribery and firm growth around the world. The study found that bribery can both help and hurt firm growth, depending on factors like the country's level of corruption, policy uncertainty, and legal system quality. In countries with high corruption and policy uncertainty, bribery may help firms by facilitating deals and access to information. However, bribery can also hurt firms over the long run by creating policy instability and legal risks that undermine long-term planning. The study suggests bribery's impact on firms is complex and context-dependent based on a country's business environment.
Riordan Manufacturing, Inc.Income StatementFor the 12 months e.docxjoellemurphey
Riordan Manufacturing, Inc.
Income Statement
For the 12 months ending September 30th
2011
2010
Sales
$66,608,660
$56,534,254
Direct Cost of Goods Sold
51,592,470
43,970,250
Gross Margin
$15,016,190
$12,564,004
Operating Expenses
Sales, Marketing & Other
$1,328,615
$1,265,348
Depreciation
1,378,616
1,152,125
Quality Assurance
1,151,176
1,112,247
Research & Development
1,039,637
962,627
General & Administrative
4,954,751
4,674,293
Machining & Systems
143,808
125,050
Total Operating Expenses
$9,996,603
$9,291,690
Profit Before Interest & Taxes
$5,019,587
$3,272,314
Non-Operating Expenses
Interest Expense
$604,616
$121,533
Taxes
1,104,309
719,909
Total Non-Operating Expenses
$1,708,925
$841,442
Net Profit After Taxes
$3,310,662
$2,430,872
Riordan Manufacturing, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Fiscal Year Ending
September 30th
2011
2010
Assets
Current Assets
Cash
$3,725,406
$2,807,029
Accounts Receivable
3,192,094
2,695,342
Current Portion of Notes Receivable
84,255
102,976
Inventories
9,709,611
8,517,203
Prepaid Expenses and Other Items
666,591
402,240
Total Current Assets
$17,377,957
$14,524,790
Notes Receivable, less current portion
$842,551
$936,168
Investment in Joint Venture
1,734,004
1,609,004
Property, Plant and Equipment - net
26,366,949
16,658,218
Intangible Assets - net
904,473
904,473
Other Assets
183,203
192,845
Total Assets
$47,409,137
$34,825,498
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current Liabilities
Current Portion of Long-Term Debt
$1,560,959
$474,032
Accounts Payable
1,141,561
1,391,385
Accrued Liabilities
430,477
524,685
Income Taxes Payable
552,155
359,955
Total Current Liabilities
$3,685,152
$2,750,057
Bank Line of Credit
$114,759
$295,865
Long-Term Debt - less current portion
9,500,741
1,006,955
Deferred Income Taxes - net
660,503
825,629
Total Liabilities
$13,961,155
$4,878,506
Common Stock
Stated par value is $.01.
20,000,000 shares authorized.
Issued and Outstanding 15,801,332 net of treasury shares.
$29,055,488
$29,055,488
Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit)
4,392,494
891,504
Total Stockholders' Equity
$33,447,982
$29,946,992
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
$47,409,137
$34,825,498
Written Assignment Grading Form for Ratio Analysis Memo, Due in Week Nine
Content
60 Percent
Points Available
13.8
Points Earned
X/13.8
Additional Comments:
· All key elements of the assignment are covered in a substantive way.
· Calculates the following aspects using information from the balance sheets and income statements from the selected Virtual Organization:
Liquidity ratios
· Current ratio
· Acid-test, or quick, ratio
· Receivables turnover
· Inventory turnover
Profitability ratios
· Asset turnover
· Profit margin
· Return on assets
· Return on common stockholders’ equity
Solvency ratios
· Debt to total assets
· Times interest earned
· Show your calculations for each ratio.
· Identifies situations that may lead to unethical accoun ...
A language school business plan outlines the comprehensive strategy for establishing and operating a language education institution. It encompasses key elements such as market analysis, target demographics, curriculum development, marketing strategies, financial projections, and operational logistics. This document serves as a roadmap for entrepreneurs, detailing the systematic approach to providing language learning services, attracting students, and ensuring long-term sustainability. The plan aims to address challenges, capitalize on opportunities, and create a viable framework for the successful establishment and growth of the language school, ultimately fostering effective language education.
Site Optimizations to Schedule Before The Holiday Code FreezeSearchSpring
With less than 80 days to Black Friday, we've partnered with Inflow to share the high value site optimizations you can make before your freeze. If you're opting to not freeze we also have optimizations you can make through holiday to drive results.
This document summarizes the key events in the book "The Tiger's Child" by Torey Hayden. It describes Hayden's student Sheila, who had a harsh childhood including abandonment and abuse. As a child, Sheila abducted a young boy. Later, Sheila ran away with the boy and they stayed missing for days. The summary concludes with Sheila attempting to locate her mother later in life with Hayden's support.
BUSN125 U3 IP template.docxRunning head BUSN125 – Applied Bu.docxRAHUL126667
BUSN125 U3 IP template.docx
Running head: BUSN125 – Applied Business Mathematics 4
Unit 3 – Business mathematics
Type your Name Here
American InterContinental University
Abstract
This is a single paragraph, no indentation is required. The next page will be an abstract; “a brief, comprehensive summary of the contents of the article; it allows the readers to survey the contents of an article quickly” (Publication Manual, 2010). The length of this abstract should be 35-50 words (2-3 sentences). NOTE: the abstract must be on page 2 and the body of the paper will begin on page 3.
Introduction
Remember to always indent the first line of a paragraph (use the tab key). The introduction should be short (perhaps 3-4 sentences). The margins, font size, spacing, and font type (italics or plain) are set in APA format. While you may change the names of the headings and subheadings, do not change the font or style of font.
In this section, please explain and describe the business you will start by answering the following questions:
a. What will your business sell?
b. Why is this business interesting to you?
Revenue and Profits
This section should be at least 5 sentences in length. Demonstrate that you understand how mathematics is used in business by discussing how your business will generate money. Please answer the following questions:
a. What are your projected year #1 sales? Please discuss how many units will be sold and at what price.
b. What are your projected year #1 expenses and costs? Please discuss what the business will spend money in order to produce the units that are sold.
c. What portion of your sales revenue will be consumed by expenses? Express in fractions and in percentages.
d. What portion of your sales revenue will be profits? Express in fractions and in percentages.
Product Price and Cost
This section should be at least 5 sentences in length. Demonstrate that you understand how mathematics is used in business by providing financial information about the products/services that people will buy from your business. Provide the following information:
a. Provide detail on the prices you will charge (be specific for each product/service you will sell).
b. Provide detail on the costs you must pay to provide each of your products.
c. Explain your price mark-up in percentages and in dollars. Show your calculations.
Investment Requirements
This section should be at least 5 sentences in length. Demonstrate that you understand the course content about banking and loans by discussing your business banking and loans. Answer the following questions:
a. What business accounts will your open? Explain your banking requirements? Describe the bank(s) you would use.
b. Assume that you need to take out a business loan to cover your initial costs and expenses. The amount of the loan is equal to the amount of your projected year #1 expenses and costs (per item 1b above).
c. ...
Bibitor, LLCBibitor, LLC is a retail wine and spirit company, .docxtangyechloe
Bibitor, LLC
Bibitor, LLC is a retail wine and spirit company, with 79 locations within the fictional state of Lincoln. Depending on the year-end, sales can range from 420-450 million dollars and cost of goods sold can range from 300-350 million dollars. The total number of records in the dataset is 15 million. This includes sales transactions (12.5 to 13 million records) purchase transactions (2.3 to 2.5 million records) and inventory.
· Download the Bititor LLC dataset
· Open the dataset in tableau and join the two datasheet together using Brand = Brand (SalesFinal3312017.cvs)
Respond to the Case Questions:
Part I
Requirement 1: Using these two Dashboards, describe Sales and Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) in a short memo
· Your memo should be formatted as below.
Short Memo:
To: CFO
From: Your Name
Re: Bibitor LLC
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Very truly yours,
Your Name
· Requirement 2: Using Tableau, recreate the first Dashboard (Sales by Store). The Summary box is optional.
Part II
Assist the CFO in creating Worksheets and Dashboards to answer these questions:
· What is the total Sales Dollars and percentage breakdown of wine and spirits? **Classification 1 is spirits; 2 is wine***
· What is the most popular Size for wine and for spirits based on Sales Dollars and Quantity (include the total Sales Dollars and Quantity in your answer)? Provide the CFO with some reasons why this is important for managing the business.
· Who is the most popular Vendor for wine and for spirits based on Sales Dollars and Quantity (include the total Sales Dollars and Quantity in your answer)? Provide the CFO with some reasons why this is important for managing the business.
· Which Stores have the highest and lowest average sales price for wine and spirits?
· What seasons/months are sales the highest and lowest? Provide the CFO with some reasons why this is important for managing the business.
· If you were the CEO or CFO, what other data/variables would you want to collect to improve your business and why?
Part III
· Calculate the following variables
· COGS: Sales Quanity * Purchase Price =
· Gross Profit: Gross Profit= Sales – COGS =
· Create a Scatter Graph comparing each store’s Sales and Gross Profit. Does the relationship appear to be linear? What is the equation of the trend line? Why wouldn’t a.
This document provides tips for PR representatives in AIESEC entities to help manage their PR area. It covers establishing a PR flow and value proposition, tracking account management, setting up corner meetings between strategic areas, defining member jobs and duties, structuring projects, and implementing branding and positioning actions. The goal is to equip PR reps with strategies for choosing strategic partners, engaging universities and student organizations, and coordinating efforts across different areas to achieve organizational goals.
This document summarizes a study that examined the relationship between bribery and firm growth around the world. The study found that bribery can both help and hurt firm growth, depending on factors like the country's level of corruption, policy uncertainty, and legal system quality. In countries with high corruption and policy uncertainty, bribery may help firms by facilitating deals and access to information. However, bribery can also hurt firms over the long run by creating policy instability and legal risks that undermine long-term planning. The study suggests bribery's impact on firms is complex and context-dependent based on a country's business environment.
Riordan Manufacturing, Inc.Income StatementFor the 12 months e.docxjoellemurphey
Riordan Manufacturing, Inc.
Income Statement
For the 12 months ending September 30th
2011
2010
Sales
$66,608,660
$56,534,254
Direct Cost of Goods Sold
51,592,470
43,970,250
Gross Margin
$15,016,190
$12,564,004
Operating Expenses
Sales, Marketing & Other
$1,328,615
$1,265,348
Depreciation
1,378,616
1,152,125
Quality Assurance
1,151,176
1,112,247
Research & Development
1,039,637
962,627
General & Administrative
4,954,751
4,674,293
Machining & Systems
143,808
125,050
Total Operating Expenses
$9,996,603
$9,291,690
Profit Before Interest & Taxes
$5,019,587
$3,272,314
Non-Operating Expenses
Interest Expense
$604,616
$121,533
Taxes
1,104,309
719,909
Total Non-Operating Expenses
$1,708,925
$841,442
Net Profit After Taxes
$3,310,662
$2,430,872
Riordan Manufacturing, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Fiscal Year Ending
September 30th
2011
2010
Assets
Current Assets
Cash
$3,725,406
$2,807,029
Accounts Receivable
3,192,094
2,695,342
Current Portion of Notes Receivable
84,255
102,976
Inventories
9,709,611
8,517,203
Prepaid Expenses and Other Items
666,591
402,240
Total Current Assets
$17,377,957
$14,524,790
Notes Receivable, less current portion
$842,551
$936,168
Investment in Joint Venture
1,734,004
1,609,004
Property, Plant and Equipment - net
26,366,949
16,658,218
Intangible Assets - net
904,473
904,473
Other Assets
183,203
192,845
Total Assets
$47,409,137
$34,825,498
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current Liabilities
Current Portion of Long-Term Debt
$1,560,959
$474,032
Accounts Payable
1,141,561
1,391,385
Accrued Liabilities
430,477
524,685
Income Taxes Payable
552,155
359,955
Total Current Liabilities
$3,685,152
$2,750,057
Bank Line of Credit
$114,759
$295,865
Long-Term Debt - less current portion
9,500,741
1,006,955
Deferred Income Taxes - net
660,503
825,629
Total Liabilities
$13,961,155
$4,878,506
Common Stock
Stated par value is $.01.
20,000,000 shares authorized.
Issued and Outstanding 15,801,332 net of treasury shares.
$29,055,488
$29,055,488
Retained Earnings / (Accumulated Deficit)
4,392,494
891,504
Total Stockholders' Equity
$33,447,982
$29,946,992
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
$47,409,137
$34,825,498
Written Assignment Grading Form for Ratio Analysis Memo, Due in Week Nine
Content
60 Percent
Points Available
13.8
Points Earned
X/13.8
Additional Comments:
· All key elements of the assignment are covered in a substantive way.
· Calculates the following aspects using information from the balance sheets and income statements from the selected Virtual Organization:
Liquidity ratios
· Current ratio
· Acid-test, or quick, ratio
· Receivables turnover
· Inventory turnover
Profitability ratios
· Asset turnover
· Profit margin
· Return on assets
· Return on common stockholders’ equity
Solvency ratios
· Debt to total assets
· Times interest earned
· Show your calculations for each ratio.
· Identifies situations that may lead to unethical accoun ...
A language school business plan outlines the comprehensive strategy for establishing and operating a language education institution. It encompasses key elements such as market analysis, target demographics, curriculum development, marketing strategies, financial projections, and operational logistics. This document serves as a roadmap for entrepreneurs, detailing the systematic approach to providing language learning services, attracting students, and ensuring long-term sustainability. The plan aims to address challenges, capitalize on opportunities, and create a viable framework for the successful establishment and growth of the language school, ultimately fostering effective language education.
Site Optimizations to Schedule Before The Holiday Code FreezeSearchSpring
With less than 80 days to Black Friday, we've partnered with Inflow to share the high value site optimizations you can make before your freeze. If you're opting to not freeze we also have optimizations you can make through holiday to drive results.
This document summarizes the key events in the book "The Tiger's Child" by Torey Hayden. It describes Hayden's student Sheila, who had a harsh childhood including abandonment and abuse. As a child, Sheila abducted a young boy. Later, Sheila ran away with the boy and they stayed missing for days. The summary concludes with Sheila attempting to locate her mother later in life with Hayden's support.
BUSN125 U3 IP template.docxRunning head BUSN125 – Applied Bu.docxRAHUL126667
BUSN125 U3 IP template.docx
Running head: BUSN125 – Applied Business Mathematics 4
Unit 3 – Business mathematics
Type your Name Here
American InterContinental University
Abstract
This is a single paragraph, no indentation is required. The next page will be an abstract; “a brief, comprehensive summary of the contents of the article; it allows the readers to survey the contents of an article quickly” (Publication Manual, 2010). The length of this abstract should be 35-50 words (2-3 sentences). NOTE: the abstract must be on page 2 and the body of the paper will begin on page 3.
Introduction
Remember to always indent the first line of a paragraph (use the tab key). The introduction should be short (perhaps 3-4 sentences). The margins, font size, spacing, and font type (italics or plain) are set in APA format. While you may change the names of the headings and subheadings, do not change the font or style of font.
In this section, please explain and describe the business you will start by answering the following questions:
a. What will your business sell?
b. Why is this business interesting to you?
Revenue and Profits
This section should be at least 5 sentences in length. Demonstrate that you understand how mathematics is used in business by discussing how your business will generate money. Please answer the following questions:
a. What are your projected year #1 sales? Please discuss how many units will be sold and at what price.
b. What are your projected year #1 expenses and costs? Please discuss what the business will spend money in order to produce the units that are sold.
c. What portion of your sales revenue will be consumed by expenses? Express in fractions and in percentages.
d. What portion of your sales revenue will be profits? Express in fractions and in percentages.
Product Price and Cost
This section should be at least 5 sentences in length. Demonstrate that you understand how mathematics is used in business by providing financial information about the products/services that people will buy from your business. Provide the following information:
a. Provide detail on the prices you will charge (be specific for each product/service you will sell).
b. Provide detail on the costs you must pay to provide each of your products.
c. Explain your price mark-up in percentages and in dollars. Show your calculations.
Investment Requirements
This section should be at least 5 sentences in length. Demonstrate that you understand the course content about banking and loans by discussing your business banking and loans. Answer the following questions:
a. What business accounts will your open? Explain your banking requirements? Describe the bank(s) you would use.
b. Assume that you need to take out a business loan to cover your initial costs and expenses. The amount of the loan is equal to the amount of your projected year #1 expenses and costs (per item 1b above).
c. ...
Bibitor, LLCBibitor, LLC is a retail wine and spirit company, .docxtangyechloe
Bibitor, LLC
Bibitor, LLC is a retail wine and spirit company, with 79 locations within the fictional state of Lincoln. Depending on the year-end, sales can range from 420-450 million dollars and cost of goods sold can range from 300-350 million dollars. The total number of records in the dataset is 15 million. This includes sales transactions (12.5 to 13 million records) purchase transactions (2.3 to 2.5 million records) and inventory.
· Download the Bititor LLC dataset
· Open the dataset in tableau and join the two datasheet together using Brand = Brand (SalesFinal3312017.cvs)
Respond to the Case Questions:
Part I
Requirement 1: Using these two Dashboards, describe Sales and Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) in a short memo
· Your memo should be formatted as below.
Short Memo:
To: CFO
From: Your Name
Re: Bibitor LLC
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Very truly yours,
Your Name
· Requirement 2: Using Tableau, recreate the first Dashboard (Sales by Store). The Summary box is optional.
Part II
Assist the CFO in creating Worksheets and Dashboards to answer these questions:
· What is the total Sales Dollars and percentage breakdown of wine and spirits? **Classification 1 is spirits; 2 is wine***
· What is the most popular Size for wine and for spirits based on Sales Dollars and Quantity (include the total Sales Dollars and Quantity in your answer)? Provide the CFO with some reasons why this is important for managing the business.
· Who is the most popular Vendor for wine and for spirits based on Sales Dollars and Quantity (include the total Sales Dollars and Quantity in your answer)? Provide the CFO with some reasons why this is important for managing the business.
· Which Stores have the highest and lowest average sales price for wine and spirits?
· What seasons/months are sales the highest and lowest? Provide the CFO with some reasons why this is important for managing the business.
· If you were the CEO or CFO, what other data/variables would you want to collect to improve your business and why?
Part III
· Calculate the following variables
· COGS: Sales Quanity * Purchase Price =
· Gross Profit: Gross Profit= Sales – COGS =
· Create a Scatter Graph comparing each store’s Sales and Gross Profit. Does the relationship appear to be linear? What is the equation of the trend line? Why wouldn’t a.
Unit 719-3 If an investor wants to compare the financial re.docxdickonsondorris
Unit 7
19-3 If an investor wants to compare the financial results of The Gap, Inditex, and H&M, what difference does it make that their financial statements are prepared according to different GAAP? Would you expect there to be a big difference between U.S. GAAP s used by The Gap and IFRS as used by H&M and Inditex?
What are the major sources of influence on H&M’s accounting standards and practices?
MBA 6601, International Business 1
Course Description
Examines current patterns of international business and social, economic, political, and cultural systems impacting the
conduct of business. Topics include international business transactions, financial institutions facilitating international
transactions, and interface between nation states and the firms conducting foreign business activities.
Course eTextbook
Daniels, J. D., Radebaugh, L. H., & Sullivan, D. P. (2015). International business: Environments and operations (15th ed.)
[VitalSource version]. Retrieved from https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9780133457339
Course Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:
1. Differentiate international business from domestic business and explain why companies should engage in
international business.
2. Analyze the external factors of international business (e.g., political, legal, economics, culture) and how these
may impact business.
3. Discuss the effects of international trade, trade policy, and the factors affecting countries’ trade patterns.
4. Differentiate between absolute advantage and comparative advantage trade theories.
5. Discuss the barriers to trade and the effect of these barriers.
6. Discuss and define regional trading groups (e.g., WTO, NAFTA, EU, APEC).
7. Examine the concepts of gross national product, gross domestic product, and balance of payments.
8. Analyze and compute how foreign exchange rate is determined and the business implications regarding foreign
exchange.
9. Examine the major marketing considerations applicable to international business, including product
standardization versus differentiation, pricing decisions, promotional practices, and marketing mix.
10. Examine and differentiate the accounting concepts of General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).
11. Examine international human resource management and staffing approaches associated with MNEs.
Credits
Upon completion of this course, the students will earn three (3) hours of college credit.
Course Structure
1. Unit Learning Outcomes: Each unit contains Learning Outcomes that specify the measurable skills and
knowledge students should gain upon completion of the unit.
2. Unit Lesson: Each unit contains a Unit Lesson, which discusses unit material.
3. Reading Assignments: Each unit contains Reading Assignments from one or more chapters from the textbook.
A Suggested Reading is listed in th ...
Short Essay On Power Of Positive ThinkingAmanda Dahya
This document discusses relational database management systems (RDBMS). It defines key terms like data, information, input data, output data, and data processing. It describes the main components of an RDBMS including the database, database management system software, end users, and system analysts. It also covers different data models used in databases, specifically mentioning the network data model, hierarchical data model, and relational data model. The document provides a brief overview of these concepts at a high level.
The Tab are creating in-depth careers guides for multiple sectors to ensure students are making more informed and educated decisions about their lives after university.
Gitman, Lawrence J._ Zutter, Chad J. - Principles of Managerial Finance-Pears...YasirArafat943080
The document is a textbook on principles of managerial finance. It discusses key features of the textbook including MyFinanceLab, which provides online homework and tutorials. It highlights the following:
- MyFinanceLab contains tutorials, practice problems, and a financial calculator to help students learn time value of money concepts.
- Select end-of-chapter problems are available as simulated Excel problems to allow students to practice solving problems in Excel.
- The textbook uses a proven teaching and learning system including learning goals, examples, key terms, and supplemental materials to help students master important finance concepts.
Personal Narrative Outline Narrative Writing Outline (Mandy Cross
The document provides tips for decorating a dorm room when returning to school. It suggests using wall murals or tapestries to liven up bare walls and make the room feel larger. Storage solutions like under-bed bins and wall-mounted shelves are recommended for small spaces. Comfortable seating options can include floor pillows or an inflatable couch. Overall decorating the dorm room can help make it feel more like home and improve productivity.
Collect leads and drive engagement by sharing documents in the feed - LinkedinBhagia
Document Ads allow advertisers to promote documents directly in the LinkedIn feed. This document provides best practices for creating Document Ad campaigns, including:
- Optimizing documents for mobile by keeping them short, simple, and image-forward.
- Using demographic reporting to target the most engaged audiences and exclude weaker segments.
- Experimenting with creative, lead generation forms, and bid strategies to improve metrics like CTR and conversion rates.
- Monitoring campaign frequency and budget to ensure adequate reach and performance.
- Evaluating campaigns based on objectives, using metrics like views, downloads, and leads at each stage of the funnel.
The document discusses the fundamentals of eMarketing, including using a website to attract and retain customers, optimizing it for search engines, monitoring performance metrics, search engine marketing, reputation management, and email marketing to build relationships. The key aspects are driving qualified traffic to an optimized website that offers value and converting that traffic into customers through testing and relationship building.
MKT 421 EDU Inspiring Innovation--mkt421edu.comclaric94
FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT
www.mkt421edu.com
Purpose of Assignment
A well planned distribution channel system is a key component of the marketing mix that helps meet customer demands and achieve company goals. This assignment will analyze the role channels of distribution have in meeting the needs of consumers
MKT 421 EDU Become Exceptional--mkt421edu.comannebronte10
FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT
www.mkt421edu.com
Purpose of Assignment
A well planned distribution channel system is a key component of the marketing mix that helps meet customer demands and achieve company goals
MKT 421 EDU Introduction Education--mkt421edu.comGVlaxmi12
The documents provide information and instructions for several marketing assignments. The first discusses reviewing an article on distribution channels and recommending strategies for a sports apparel company. The second involves defining marketing concepts like customer value propositions and applying them to a company or personal brand. The third outlines the entire marketing course, including assignments, practices, and exams.
MKT 421 EDU Education for Service--mkt421edu.comclaric43
FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT
www.mkt421edu.com
Purpose of Assignment
A well planned distribution channel system is a key component of the marketing mix that helps meet customer demands and achieve company goals. This assignment will analyze the role channels of distribution have in meeting the needs of consumers in both a brick and mortar and online retail
- Your email list degrades by 25% each year, so consistent list growth is important. Organic growth methods include optimizing your website sign-up process and providing valuable educational content to incentivize subscribers. Inorganic growth involves renting targeted third-party lists or partnering with other organizations. Testing landing pages and content is crucial to improving conversion rates.
This document contains discussion questions and assignments for an accounting course across 5 weeks. It includes questions about the accounting equation, different types of accounts and how debits and credits impact them. It also addresses budgets, bank reconciliations, inventory costing methods, depreciation, current and long-term liabilities, ratio analysis, and recommendations for business entity types. The final assignment involves a five to seven page financial statement analysis of a public company.
The document discusses various techniques and tools for social media content creation and marketing. It covers topics like push marketing versus interaction, content marketing, using different channels and tools, measuring ROI, building brand loyalty through engagement, and maintaining a consistent message across channels. Examples from Econsultancy's social media strategies are provided.
How to Prioritize as a PM by Alexa Mobile Amazon Sr Tech PMProduct School
Main takeaways:
- The reason prioritization is the most important job Product Managers have
- How and to whom you should communicate your prioritization
- Useful prioritization tools and frameworks
Example Of An Discursive Essa. Online assignment writing service.Nicole Williams
The document provides tips for marketing a luxury home: hire a professional photographer to capture high-quality images of the home's details; consider including a video tour to allow prospective buyers to view the home remotely; and carefully determine the listing price based on recent comparable sales in the area to attract interested buyers while still achieving the desired price. Professional marketing materials and an appropriate listing price are important to successfully sell a luxury property.
This document contains discussion questions and assignments for an accounting course divided into weekly modules. It covers topics like the accounting equation, debits and credits, financial statements, inventory costing methods, depreciation, ratios, and recommends completing a final paper analyzing the financial statements of a public company. The document provides resources and deadlines for the coursework.
PaperEdits is a sole proprietorship that provides document editing, revising, typing and planning services to students in Chicago. The business aims to help students express themselves confidently through professional writing by preparing high-quality documents for a fee. PaperEdits recognizes that students have a large workload and many struggle with English grammar. The business conducts market research showing there is demand among local high school, community college and trade school students. PaperEdits' competitive advantages include offering diverse services beyond just editing, having centralized features, and targeting the high school and lower collegiate student market that competitors often overlook.
This document contains discussion questions and assignments for an accounting course over 5 weeks. It includes questions about the accounting equation, accounts and debits/credits, financial statements, inventory methods, depreciation, current/long-term liabilities, ratios, and a final paper analyzing the financial statements of a public company. The final paper assignment provides guidelines for sections to include on the company overview, horizontal and ratio analysis, recommendations, and conclusions.
Assignment DetailsScenario You are member of a prisoner revie.docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Scenario:
You are member of a prisoner review board for a minimum-security facility in your state. Included among the inmates are a number of heroin addicts who were charged with possession crimes and some minor thefts through which they supported their habits.
Please include answers in your main post for the following questions:
What are the methods of treatment for heroin addiction?
What is the difference between heroin detoxification and heroin addiction treatment?
What is the best method for ensuring the heroin addict does not return to heroin abuse? Does long-term incarceration play a role?
.
Assignment DetailsScenario You are an investigator for Child .docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Scenario:
You are an investigator for Child Protective Services in your community. One of the most difficult aspects of interviewing is the interview of a suspected victim of child sexual abuse. Often, the first interviewers are detectives or investigators from the police department with little or no training for interviewing child sexual abuse victims. The Commander of the Sex Crimes Unit would like to you to identify errors in interviewing by police investigators when questioning child sex crime victims about the circumstances during the alleged offense(s). The psychopathology of the suspect and the victim are very important, but the victim can be misled unintentionally by police resulting in false or inaccurate complaint information.
The Commander of the Sex Crimes Unit would like you to outline and explain the specific areas to be avoided when questioning a child as a sex crime victim.
Specifically, he is concerned with the following:
The use of suggestive questions
The implication of confirmation by other people
Use of positive and negative consequences
Repetitious questioning
Inviting speculation
In a 3–5-page paper, address the specific concerns, and explain why it is preferable to have the child interviewed by a person with the qualifications to potentially testify as an expert witness in subsequent criminal trials
.
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MBA 6601, International Business 1
Course Description
Examines current patterns of international business and social, economic, political, and cultural systems impacting the
conduct of business. Topics include international business transactions, financial institutions facilitating international
transactions, and interface between nation states and the firms conducting foreign business activities.
Course eTextbook
Daniels, J. D., Radebaugh, L. H., & Sullivan, D. P. (2015). International business: Environments and operations (15th ed.)
[VitalSource version]. Retrieved from https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9780133457339
Course Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:
1. Differentiate international business from domestic business and explain why companies should engage in
international business.
2. Analyze the external factors of international business (e.g., political, legal, economics, culture) and how these
may impact business.
3. Discuss the effects of international trade, trade policy, and the factors affecting countries’ trade patterns.
4. Differentiate between absolute advantage and comparative advantage trade theories.
5. Discuss the barriers to trade and the effect of these barriers.
6. Discuss and define regional trading groups (e.g., WTO, NAFTA, EU, APEC).
7. Examine the concepts of gross national product, gross domestic product, and balance of payments.
8. Analyze and compute how foreign exchange rate is determined and the business implications regarding foreign
exchange.
9. Examine the major marketing considerations applicable to international business, including product
standardization versus differentiation, pricing decisions, promotional practices, and marketing mix.
10. Examine and differentiate the accounting concepts of General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).
11. Examine international human resource management and staffing approaches associated with MNEs.
Credits
Upon completion of this course, the students will earn three (3) hours of college credit.
Course Structure
1. Unit Learning Outcomes: Each unit contains Learning Outcomes that specify the measurable skills and
knowledge students should gain upon completion of the unit.
2. Unit Lesson: Each unit contains a Unit Lesson, which discusses unit material.
3. Reading Assignments: Each unit contains Reading Assignments from one or more chapters from the textbook.
A Suggested Reading is listed in th ...
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The document is a textbook on principles of managerial finance. It discusses key features of the textbook including MyFinanceLab, which provides online homework and tutorials. It highlights the following:
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Document Ads allow advertisers to promote documents directly in the LinkedIn feed. This document provides best practices for creating Document Ad campaigns, including:
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- Monitoring campaign frequency and budget to ensure adequate reach and performance.
- Evaluating campaigns based on objectives, using metrics like views, downloads, and leads at each stage of the funnel.
The document discusses the fundamentals of eMarketing, including using a website to attract and retain customers, optimizing it for search engines, monitoring performance metrics, search engine marketing, reputation management, and email marketing to build relationships. The key aspects are driving qualified traffic to an optimized website that offers value and converting that traffic into customers through testing and relationship building.
MKT 421 EDU Inspiring Innovation--mkt421edu.comclaric94
FOR MORE CLASSES VISIT
www.mkt421edu.com
Purpose of Assignment
A well planned distribution channel system is a key component of the marketing mix that helps meet customer demands and achieve company goals. This assignment will analyze the role channels of distribution have in meeting the needs of consumers
MKT 421 EDU Become Exceptional--mkt421edu.comannebronte10
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www.mkt421edu.com
Purpose of Assignment
A well planned distribution channel system is a key component of the marketing mix that helps meet customer demands and achieve company goals
MKT 421 EDU Introduction Education--mkt421edu.comGVlaxmi12
The documents provide information and instructions for several marketing assignments. The first discusses reviewing an article on distribution channels and recommending strategies for a sports apparel company. The second involves defining marketing concepts like customer value propositions and applying them to a company or personal brand. The third outlines the entire marketing course, including assignments, practices, and exams.
MKT 421 EDU Education for Service--mkt421edu.comclaric43
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www.mkt421edu.com
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A well planned distribution channel system is a key component of the marketing mix that helps meet customer demands and achieve company goals. This assignment will analyze the role channels of distribution have in meeting the needs of consumers in both a brick and mortar and online retail
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This document contains discussion questions and assignments for an accounting course across 5 weeks. It includes questions about the accounting equation, different types of accounts and how debits and credits impact them. It also addresses budgets, bank reconciliations, inventory costing methods, depreciation, current and long-term liabilities, ratio analysis, and recommendations for business entity types. The final assignment involves a five to seven page financial statement analysis of a public company.
The document discusses various techniques and tools for social media content creation and marketing. It covers topics like push marketing versus interaction, content marketing, using different channels and tools, measuring ROI, building brand loyalty through engagement, and maintaining a consistent message across channels. Examples from Econsultancy's social media strategies are provided.
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The document provides tips for marketing a luxury home: hire a professional photographer to capture high-quality images of the home's details; consider including a video tour to allow prospective buyers to view the home remotely; and carefully determine the listing price based on recent comparable sales in the area to attract interested buyers while still achieving the desired price. Professional marketing materials and an appropriate listing price are important to successfully sell a luxury property.
This document contains discussion questions and assignments for an accounting course divided into weekly modules. It covers topics like the accounting equation, debits and credits, financial statements, inventory costing methods, depreciation, ratios, and recommends completing a final paper analyzing the financial statements of a public company. The document provides resources and deadlines for the coursework.
PaperEdits is a sole proprietorship that provides document editing, revising, typing and planning services to students in Chicago. The business aims to help students express themselves confidently through professional writing by preparing high-quality documents for a fee. PaperEdits recognizes that students have a large workload and many struggle with English grammar. The business conducts market research showing there is demand among local high school, community college and trade school students. PaperEdits' competitive advantages include offering diverse services beyond just editing, having centralized features, and targeting the high school and lower collegiate student market that competitors often overlook.
This document contains discussion questions and assignments for an accounting course over 5 weeks. It includes questions about the accounting equation, accounts and debits/credits, financial statements, inventory methods, depreciation, current/long-term liabilities, ratios, and a final paper analyzing the financial statements of a public company. The final paper assignment provides guidelines for sections to include on the company overview, horizontal and ratio analysis, recommendations, and conclusions.
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Scenario:
You are member of a prisoner review board for a minimum-security facility in your state. Included among the inmates are a number of heroin addicts who were charged with possession crimes and some minor thefts through which they supported their habits.
Please include answers in your main post for the following questions:
What are the methods of treatment for heroin addiction?
What is the difference between heroin detoxification and heroin addiction treatment?
What is the best method for ensuring the heroin addict does not return to heroin abuse? Does long-term incarceration play a role?
.
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Assignment Details
Scenario:
You are an investigator for Child Protective Services in your community. One of the most difficult aspects of interviewing is the interview of a suspected victim of child sexual abuse. Often, the first interviewers are detectives or investigators from the police department with little or no training for interviewing child sexual abuse victims. The Commander of the Sex Crimes Unit would like to you to identify errors in interviewing by police investigators when questioning child sex crime victims about the circumstances during the alleged offense(s). The psychopathology of the suspect and the victim are very important, but the victim can be misled unintentionally by police resulting in false or inaccurate complaint information.
The Commander of the Sex Crimes Unit would like you to outline and explain the specific areas to be avoided when questioning a child as a sex crime victim.
Specifically, he is concerned with the following:
The use of suggestive questions
The implication of confirmation by other people
Use of positive and negative consequences
Repetitious questioning
Inviting speculation
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.
Assignment DetailsScenario You are a new patrol officer in a .docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Scenario:
You are a new patrol officer in a major metropolitan city in the center of the country. You have only been on patrol for about four weeks but notice that the officers with more time on the street have been making racially disparaging jokes about members of the poorer neighborhoods. What surprised you was the number of African-American and Hispanic officers who seemed to go along with the culture of racially biased comments. The community in which your precinct is located is crime-ridden and poor. It is largely African-American and Hispanic-American.
When you are on the street, you note that the tension between minority members of the community is very high and that it is even worse between minority officers and the minority community, who tend to view the minority officers as “race traitors.”
In addition, there are a number of combat veterans who have returned to the police department from Iraq and Afghanistan. These veterans have developed a prejudiced outlook towards the Muslim Community, which has a peaceful Mosque in the very center of the community.
Focus your discussion on the following:
Explain your viewpoint as to whether racism and religious bias are based on psychopathology of the officers or not.
.
Assignment DetailsScenario Generally, we have considered sexual.docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Scenario: Generally, we have considered sexual harassment actions or verbal abuse of women to be done by men. Over the past several decades, the culture of society has evolved. The diversity of sex and gender has erupted from male abuses of females based on their biology. Now, there are gender reassignments which allow for persons with the psychological inclination to be the gender other than what they were born as being possible. Further, there are a number of transgender persons who, while retaining their biological configuration, adopt the psyche and outward appearance through dress and mannerisms of what is considered to be the traditional opposite gender of their physiology.
Recently, a newly assigned outwardly female officer was found out by her teammates in a Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) unit to actually be a biological male. Several of the SWAT team members have come to you as the SWAT Command Leader and have voiced their concern because the transgender officer uses the ladies room, wears makeup, and dresses as a woman in her civilian attire at the end of the shift. The officers making the complaint are claiming that someone with a psychopathological problem should not be in the SWAT unit. You go to the Deputy Chief with their concerns and she tells you to prepare a briefing for the SWAT members concerning the requirements for SWAT team membership and that if an officer makes the grade, he or she has the opportunity to be a SWAT officer.
In a 3–5-page paper, you must explain to the officers, including those who complained as well as those who did not complain, that the department supports the assignment of the new officer and that according to law, she must be accepted as a valid member of the team so long as she is qualified. Further, explain that transphobia is not an acceptable attitude for members of the team and that any discriminatory action on the part of officers concerning the new officer would not be tolerated and would be met with appropriate disciplinary action.
.
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Assignment DetailsIn 1908, playwright Israel Zangwill referred to .docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
In 1908, playwright Israel Zangwill referred to America as a
melting pot
. Zangwill’s concept of the United States as a country where people of all cultures and nations are free to come and contribute to a common American culture remains a popular concept—even more than a century after its introduction.
More recently, the concept of the American mosaic asserts that American society consist not of melting pot in which people and cultures mix together to form a larger American culture, but as a mosaic in which ethnic groups come to the United States and coexist with other groups but maintain significant cultural and social distinctions among themselves.
Post a discussion that explores these themes by demonstrating how various cultures and ethnicities have contributed to modern American history and culture. Select 1 ethnic group, and include the following in your discussion:
Part 1
Explain a specific contribution that this group made to American society or culture.
Part 2
Evaluate the concepts of the melting pot and the American mosaic.
Which concept more accurately reflects the experiences of the ethnic group you chose? Support your assertion.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Choose one (1) Native American tribe residing within the continental United States (Lower 48 states) at the time of first European contact. Research various aspects of the chosen tribe’s culture or history. Make sure ample historical records exist for the chosen tribe. Some tribes are not well-documented in the existing historical record.
Topics that
need
to be researched include but are not limited to:
Describing what is known of the tribe’s pre-Columbian history, including settlement dates and any known cultural details.
Describing the cultural and religious beliefs of the chosen tribe.
Describing the tribe’s history after contact, including major events and armed conflicts that may have been important to the history of the tribe in the present day.
Explaining the history of at least one historical figure of the chosen tribe and events surrounding that individual’s life
.
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Assignment DetailsPlease discuss the following in your main post.docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Please discuss the following in your main post:
Identify the classes of employees protected by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act.
Why was Affirmative Action put into place?
Do you think Title VII and Affirmative Action are still necessary? Why or why not?
.
Assignment DetailsPennsylvania was the leader in sentencing and .docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Pennsylvania was the leader in sentencing and correctional reform in the early history of the United States. Discuss what groups were associated with this reform.
Why did they want the reform?
Examine whether it was successful and if the reform brought forth further changes.
What influences did the system have on the correctional system today?
What influences have changed? Why?
Use the Internet, library, and any other resources available to research your answer. Submit a 4–5-page paper (double-spaced) to your instructor. Support your reasoning with outside sources. Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
The following will be the grading criteria for this assignment:
20%:
Discuss what groups were associated with this reform.
10%:
Why did they want the reform?
20%:
Examine whether it was successful and if the reform brought forth further changes.
25%:
What direct influences do you see from the Pennsylvania system in the correctional systems used today?
25%:
What influences have changed? Why?
.
Assignment DetailsPart IRespond to the followingReview .docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Part I
Respond to the following:
Review your course materials and the Internet to find information on the crime data sources available for different countries and the United States. Which of the following crime data sources provides the clearest and most helpful information, and why?
Uniform Crime Report (UCR)
National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
International Crime Victims Survey (ICVS)
United Nations Surveys on Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (UN-CTS)
.
Assignment DetailsPart IRespond to the following questio.docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Part I
Respond to the following questions:
What examples of organized crime can you find in the United States?
What factors contribute to the existence of the criminal organizations you described?
Provide examples of the ways in which the U.S. criminal justice system is dealing with the types of organized crime that you found.
What law enforcement agencies are involved?
How do those law enforcement agencies work to control organized crime?
Part II
Suggestions for responding to peer posts:
Review peers’ posts that used examples of different types of organized crime than the ones that you found.
Were some of the factors that he or she believes contributed to these crimes the same? What different factors were mentioned?
Are the methods of dealing with this type of organized crime different from those devised to deal with the type of organized crime that you found?
.
Assignment DetailsPart IRespond to the following questions.docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Part I
Respond to the following questions:
What examples of organized crime can you find in the United States?
What factors contribute to the existence of the criminal organizations you described?
Provide examples of the ways in which the U.S. criminal justice system is dealing with the types of organized crime that you found.
What law enforcement agencies are involved?
How do those law enforcement agencies work to control organized crime?
.
Assignment DetailsOne thing that unites all humans—despite cultu.docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
One thing that unites all humans—despite culture or time period—is the desire to be happy. Since the beginning of Western philosophy, philosophers have been asking the question, “How can I find happiness?” In popular culture, there are articles in magazines, newspapers, and discussions on the Internet and television about the pursuit of happiness.
Part 1
What are some of the ways that people pursue happiness?
Do you believe that it can be obtained?
Discuss with others what you consider to be an impression of the state of happiness.
Part 2
Why do you think that people differ in their interpretations of happiness?
What do your reading sources say about this?
Have you changed your perception of happiness over the years?
Discuss with 2 or more classmates their interpretation of happiness.
For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials.
.
Assignment Details
MN551:
Develop cooperative relationships with clients when teaching concepts concerning pathological states to individuals and families
Select one of the case studies below, and include discussion of your strategy for winning the patients cooperation while teaching concepts concerning pathological states to them and their families.
Requirements
Make sure all of the topics in the case study have been addressed.
Cite at least three sources; journal articles, textbooks or evidenced-based websites to support the content.
All sources must be within five years.
Do not use .com, Wikipedia, or up-to-date, etc., for your sources.
Case Study 1
Concepts of Altered Health in Older Adults
Joseph P. is an 82-year-old male living at home. He is in overall good health and enjoys taking long walks as often as possible. During his walks, he likes to stop for a cold glass of fruit juice at the local cafeteria. On cold or rainy days, he rides a stationary bicycle at home for 30 minutes to “stay in good shape.”
What physiological factors would typically increase Joseph’s risk of falling while walking outdoors?
What are the common changes in blood pressure regulation that occurs with aging?
Joseph enjoys fruit juice when he walks. Considering the renal system in the older adult, why would dehydration be a particular concern?
Case Study 2
Structure and Function of the Kidney
Rivka is an active 21-year-old who decided to take a day off from her university classes. The weather was hot and the sun bright, so she decided to go down to the beach. When she arrived, she found a few people playing beach volleyball, and they asked if she wanted to join in. She put down her school bag and began to play. The others were well prepared for their day out and stopped throughout the game to have their power drinks and soda pop. Several hours after they began to play, however, Rivka was not feeling so good. She stopped sweating and was feeling dizzy. One player noted she had not taken a washroom break at all during the day. They found a shaded area for her, and one of the players shared his power drink with her. Rivka was thirstier than she realized and quickly finished the drink.
In pronounced dehydration, hypotension can occur. How would this affect the glomerular filtration rate of the kidney? What actions by the juxtaglomerular apparatus would occur to restore GFR?
What is the effect aldosterone has on the distal convoluted tubule? Why would the actions of aldosterone be useful to Rivka in her situation?
What does a specific gravity test measure? If someone tested the specific gravity of Rivka’s urine, what might it indicate?
Case Study 3
Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Amanda is an 18-year-old with anorexia nervosa. She was recently admitted to an eating disorders clinic with a BMI of 13.9, and although she was a voluntary patient, she was reluctant about the treatment. She was convinced she was overweigh.
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The document outlines an assignment to write an 8-10 page report comparing the influence processes of three leaders. The report must include: an introduction to influence processes; an explanation of the role of influence in leadership; a discussion of influence process types and factors; a methodology for selecting leaders; an analysis of the influence processes used by the three leaders; a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the leaders' influence processes relative to challenges; and a summary of key attributes of the leaders' influence processes for effecting organizational change. The report needs citations and references in APA style.
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Assignment Details
In this assignment, you will identify and select a historical or present-day terrorist group to describe and develop a group profile of. In 2–3 pages, address the following:
Identify and select a present-day or historical terrorist group. Identify the group’s underlying motivation, purpose, and objectives.
Develop the group’s profile by crafting a background and discussion on how your selected group was established, how it evolved, and how it ceased to exist, as applicable. If the group is still operating, outline how and why it continues to exist.
Develop and explore some potential counterterrorism or mitigative options. For a historical group, outline how the group was dealt with to the point that it no longer served as an influencing factor.
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
.
Assignment DetailsFinancial statements are the primary means of .docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Financial statements are the primary means of communicating financial information to users. It is important to have a firm understanding of the income statement, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows. Managers will make decisions daily that will have an effect on the elements of the accounting equation: Assets = Liabilities + Owners’ Equity. Managerial accounting reports use these same financial statements but also incorporate non-financial information that will assist internal users in making strategic and tactical decisions. For this reason, it is important for you to understand how decisions will affect the accounting equation.
The following spreadsheet is for Manhattan Family Dentistry on January 1 of the current year.
Complete the following balance sheet for Manhattan Family Dentistry on January 4 of the current year.
.
Assignment DetailsIn this assignment, you will identify a pr.docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
In this assignment, you will identify a present-day controversial issue, such as immigration, government encroachment on privacy, anti-capitalism, and so on. In 2–3 pages, address the following:
Identify and select a present-day issue that can potentially polarize a specific risk group.
Develop and explore the issue and why it can serve as a polarizing and divisive issue. Discuss how certain risk populations can become radicalized and justify the use of violence to elevate their position.
Place yourself in the role of a policy maker. What kind of legislation could you propose to address the social, political, or economic conditions you described above? How will your proposed solutions improve conditions for the specific risk group you identified?
Be sure to reference all sources using APA style.
.
Assignment DetailsHealth information technology (health IT) .docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Health information technology (health IT) makes it possible for health care providers to better manage patient care through secure use and sharing of health information. Health IT includes the use of electronic health records (EHRs) instead of paper medical records to maintain people's health information.
Share the EHR platform that your practice uses and discuss the challenges and barriers to electronic charting. Why have we moved from paper charting to EHR’s? What is meant by meaningful use regulations and why is this important to know when documenting in the EHR?
Please support your work with at least three evidence based practice resources that are less than 5 years old.
Written Paper (Microsoft Word doc): minimum 2000 words using 6th edition APA formatting
Please review the grading rubric under Course Resources in the Grading Rubric section.
.
Assignment DetailsDiscuss the followingWhat were some of .docxfaithxdunce63732
Assignment Details
Discuss the following:
What were some of the major criticisms that led some states to abandon the indeterminate sentence and parole?
Do you support abolition of indeterminate sentence and parole? Why or why not? Please support your position.
Be sure to cite all references in APA format.
.
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
CP3-2CP3-2Finding Financial InformationLO3-2, 3-4, 3-6Refer to the.docx
1. CP3-2CP3-2Finding Financial InformationLO3-2, 3-4, 3-6Refer
to the financial statements of Urban Outfitters in Appendix C at
the end of the book.Required:1. What is the company's revenue
recognition policy? (Hint: Look in the notes to the financial
statements.)2. Assuming that $50 million of cost of sales was
due to noninventory purchase expenses (distribution and
occupancy costs), how much inventory did the company buy
during the year? (Hint: Use a T-account of inventory to infer
how much was purchased.)INVENTORY (in
thousands)Inventory purchased during the year:3. Calculate
selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percent of
sales for each year presented. (Dollars in thousands.)Year
EndedSG&A Expenses /Net Sales Revenue =
Percentage201220112010By what percent did these expenses
increase or decrease from fiscal years ended 2011 and 2012 and
between 2010 and 2011? (Hint: Percentage Change = [Current
Year Amount − Prior Year Amount]/Prior Year Amount.) %
ChangeIncr. or Decr.Between years ended 2011 and
2012:Between years ended 2010 and 2011:4. Compute the
company's net profit margin for each year presented. (Dollars in
thousands.) Fiscal Year Ended Net
Income /Net Sales (or Operating) Revenues = Net Profit Margin
Ratio201220112010Explain net profit margin ratio and discuss
the results shown above.
CP3-2 Check FiguresCP3-2Finding Financial InformationLO3-
2, 3-4, 3-6Refer to the financial statements of Urban Outfitters
in Appendix C at the end of the book.Required:1. What is the
company's revenue recognition policy? (Hint: Look in the notes
to the financial statements.)2. Assuming that $50 million of cost
of sales was due to noninventory purchase expenses
(distribution and occupancy costs), how much inventory did the
company buy during the year? (Hint: Use a T-account of
inventory to infer how much was purchased.)INVENTORY (in
thousands)Inventory purchased during the year:3. Calculate
2. selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percent of
sales for each year presented. (Dollars in thousands.)Year
EndedSG&A Expenses /Net Sales Revenue =
Percentage201220112010By what percent did these expenses
increase or decrease from fiscal years ended 2011 and 2012 and
between 2010 and 2011? (Hint: Percentage Change = [Current
Year Amount − Prior Year Amount]/Prior Year Amount.) %
ChangeIncr. or Decr.Between years ended 2011 and
2012:Between years ended 2010 and 2011:4. Compute the
company's net profit margin for each year presented. (Dollars in
thousands.) Fiscal Year Ended Net
Income /Net Sales (or Operating) Revenues = Net Profit Margin
Ratio20127.5%20112010Explain net profit margin ratio and
discuss the results shown above.
Sheet2List 1List
2BeginningIncreaseEndingDecreasePurchasesCost of Sales
1
Quick Guides to Successful Writing at Work, Concise Third
Edition
ETHICS
• observing ethical behavior, p. 18
• resolving ethical dilemmas, p. 23
• writing ethically, p. 24
• avoiding sexist/stereotypical language,
p. 48
• creating honest resumes, p. 160
3. • preparing ethical visuals, p. 230
• writing objective reports, p. 282
• providing accurate documentation, p. 328
AUDIENCE
• identifying your audiences, p. 5
• selecting your style and tone, p. 11
• writing audience-centered memos and
e-mails, p. 70 and p. 78
• achieving the “you attitude,” p. 105
• creating convincing resumes, p. 160
• designing audience-friendly documents
and websites, p. 197 and 238
• choosing audience-appropriate visuals,
p. 209
• assessing audience’s needs when writing
instructions, p. 253
• anticipating audience’s needs in short
reports, p. 281
• crafting persuasive proposals for readers,
p. 300
• understanding audience’s use of long
reports, p. 322
INTERNATIONAL READERS
• writing for the global marketplace, p. 2
• using international English, p. 4
4. • writing business letters for international
readers, p.131
• respecting your reader’s nationality and
cultural heritage, p. 138
• choosing visuals for worldwide readers,
p. 235
• preparing instructions for global readers,
p. 254
• consideration of multinational audiences
in presentations, p. 360
THE PROCESS OF WRITING AND
COLLABORATION
• knowing the four keys to effective writing,
p. 5
• understanding what writing is and is not,
p. 31
• researching, planning, drafting, revising,
and editing, p. 32
• learning to write collaboratively, p. 51
• resolving confl ict when writing
collaboratively, p. 54
• collaborating with computers, p. 57
• documenting sources using MLA and
APA guidelines, p. 328
5. CORRESPONDENCE
• following memo format, p. 71
• organizing a memo carefully, p. 76
• sending a business fax properly, p. 77
• observing e-mail guidelines, p. 81
• using instant messaging at work, p. 86
• writing workplace internal and external
blogs, p. 88
• understanding the function and audience
needs for letters, p. 95
• understanding letter formats, p. 96
• knowing the parts of a letter, p. 99
• organizing a business letter, p. 103
• writing various types of business letters,
p. 109
• crafting good and bad news messages,
p. 116
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
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6. C O N C I S E T H I R D E D I T I O N
Successful Writing
at Work
Philip C. Kolin
University of Southern Mississippi
Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain
• United Kingdom • United States
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May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
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To Kristin, Eric, and Theresa
Evan Philip and Megan Elise
Julie and Loretta
Diane
and
MARY
Successful Writing at Work, Concise Third
Edition
Philip C. Kolin
9. Senior Publisher: Lyn Uhl
Publisher: Michael Rosenberg
Development Editor: Ed Dodd
Assistant Editor: Jillian D’Urso
Editorial Assistant: Erin Pass
Media Editor: Janine Tangney
Marketing Manager: Jason Sakos
Marketing Coordinator: Ryan Ahern
Marketing Communications Manager: Stacey
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Production Service: Integra Software
Services, Inc.
11. Preface xiii
Chapter 1: Getting Started: Writing and Your Career 1
Writing—An Essential Job Skill 1
Writing for the Global Marketplace 2
Competing for International Business 2
Communicating with Global Audiences 2
Seeing the World Through Their Eyes 2
Cultural Diversity at Home 4
Using International English 4
Four Keys to Effective Writing 5
Identifying Your Audience 5
Case Study: Writing to Different Audiences in a Large
Corporation 10
Establishing Your Purpose 10
Formulating Your Message 11
Selecting Your Style and Tone 11
Case Study: A Description of Heparin for Two Different
Audiences 12
Characteristics of Job-Related Writing 14
1. Providing Practical Information 14
2. Giving Facts, Not Impressions 14
3. Supplying Visuals to Clarify and Condense Information 15
4. Giving Accurate Measurements 16
5. Stating Responsibilities Precisely 16
6. Persuading and Offering Recommendations 16
Ethical Writing in the Workplace 18
Ethical Requirements on the Job 18
Computer Ethics 20
12. Employers Insist on and Monitor Ethical Behavior 21
Some Guidelines to Help You Reach Ethical Decisions 22
Ethical Dilemmas: Some Scenarios 23
Writing Ethically on the Job 24
Successful Employees Are Successful Writers 26
Revision Checklist 27
Exercises 28
iii
Contents
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does
not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage
Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any
time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
iv Contents
Chapter 2: The Writing Process and Collaboration at Work 31
What Writing Is and Is Not 31
What Writing Is 31
What Writing Is Not 32
Researching 32
Planning 33
Drafting 37
13. Key Questions to Ask as You Draft 37
Guidelines for Successful Drafting 37
Revising 38
Allow Enough Time to Revise 38
Revision Is Rethinking 38
Key Questions to Ask as You Revise 38
Case Study: A “Before” and “After” Revision 39
Editing 41
Collaboration Is Crucial to the Writing Process 51
Advantages of Collaborative Writing 52
Seven Guidelines for Successful Group Writing 53
Sources of Conflict in Group Dynamics and How to Solve
Them 54
Common Problems, Practical
Solution
s 55
Computer-Supported Collaboration 57
Advantages of Computer-Supported Collaboration 57
Types of Groupware 57
Avoiding Problems with Online Collaboration:
A Summary 60
Revision Checklist 61
14. Exercises 62
Chapter 3: Writing Routine Business Correspondence:
Memos, Faxes, E-Mails, IMs, and Blogs 69
What Memos, Faxes, E-Mails, IMs, and Blog Posts Have in
Common 69
Memos 70
Memo Protocol and Company Politics 70
Memo Format 71
Memo Parts 74
Questions Your Memo Needs to Answer for Readers 74
Memo Style and Tone 75
Strategies for Organizing a Memo 76
Organizational Markers 77
Sending Memos: E-mail or Hard Copy? 77
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does
not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage
15. Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any
time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Contents v
Sending Faxes: Some Guidelines 77
Cover Page 77
Sending a Document 78
E-Mail: Its Importance in the Workplace 78
Business E-Mail Versus Personal E-Mail 78
E-Mails Are Legal Records 81
Guidelines for Using E-Mail on the Job 81
Instant Messages (IMs) for Business Use 84
When to Use IMs Versus E-Mails 86
Guidelines on Using IMs in the Workplace 86
Blogs 88
Internal/External Blogs 88
Guidelines for Writing a Business Blog 88
Routine Correspondence: A Final Word 91
16. Revision Checklist 92
Exercises 93
Chapter 4: Writing Letters: Some Basics for Communicating
with Audiences Worldwide 95
Letters in the Age of the Internet 95
Letter Formats 96
Full-Block Format 96
Modified-Block Format 96
Semi-Block Format 98
Continuing Pages 98
Parts of a Letter 99
Heading 99
Date Line 99
Inside Address 99
Salutation 101
Body of the Letter 101
Complimentary Close 101
Signature 102
Enclosure(s) Line 102
Copy Notation 102
The Appearance of Your Letter 102
17. Organizing a Standard Business Letter 103
Making a Good Impression on Your Reader 105
Achieving the “You Attitude”: Four Guidelines 105
The Five Most Common Types of Business Letters 109
Inquiry Letters 110
Cover Letters 110
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does
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Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any
time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
vi Contents
Special Request Letters 112
Sales Letters 112
18. The Four A’s of Sales Letters 112
Customer Relations Letters 114
Being Direct or Indirect 116
Follow-Up Letters 117
Complaint Letters 117
Adjustment Letters 124
Adjustment Letters That Tell the Customer “No” 126
Guidelines for Saying “No” Diplomatically 128
Collection Letters 131
International Business Correspondence 131
Ten Guidelines for Communicating with
International Readers 134
Respecting Readers’ Nationality and Ethnic/Racial Heritage
138
Writing to Readers from a Different Culture: Some Examples
139
Sending Letter-Quality Messages: Final Advice to Seal Your
Success 142
Revision Checklist 143
Exercises 144
19. Chapter 5: How to Get a Job: Searches, Dossiers, Portfolios,
Résumés, Letters, and Interviews 152
Steps the Employer Takes to Hire 152
Steps to Follow to Get Hired 153
Analyzing Your Strengths and Restricting Your Job Search 153
Social Networking Sites and Your Job Search 154
Enhancing Your Professional Image 154
Looking in the Right Places for a Job 155
Dossiers and Letters of Recommendation 158
Obtaining Letters of Recommendation 158
Preparing a Résumé 160
What Employers Like to See in a Résumé 160
The Process of Writing Your Résumé 162
Parts of a Résumé 163
Career Portfolios/Webfolios 169
Organizing Your Résumé 172
The Online Résumé 174
Letters of Application 179
How Application Letters and Résumés Differ 179
Writing the Letter of Application 179
20. Going to an Interview 186
Preparing for the Interview 186
Questions to Expect at Your Interview 187
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does
not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage
Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any
time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Contents vii
What Do I Say About Salary? 188
Questions You May Ask the Interviewer(s) 189
What Interviewer(s) Can’t Ask You 189
Ten Interview Dos and Don’ts 189
The Follow-up Letter 190
Searching for the Right Job Pays 190
21. Revision Checklist 192
Exercises 192
Chapter 6: Designing Successful Documents, Visuals,
and Websites 197
Characteristics of Effective Design 197
Organizing Information Visually 198
The ABCs of Print Document Design 198
Page Layout 198
Typography 203
Successful Document Design: A Wrap-Up 207
The Purpose of Visuals 207
Choosing Effective Visuals 209
Generating Your Own Visuals 211
Inserting and Writing About Visuals: Some Guidelines 211
Identify Your Visuals 211
Cite the Source for Your Visuals 212
Insert Your Visuals Appropriately 212
Introduce Your Visuals 212
Interpret Your Visuals 213
Two Categories of Visuals: Tables and Figures 214
22. Tables 214
Parts of a Table 214
Figures 216
Graphs 216
Charts 218
Pictographs 222
Maps 224
Photographs 225
Drawings 227
Clip Art 229
Using Visuals Ethically 230
Guidelines for Using Visuals Ethically 230
Using Appropriate Visuals for International Audiences 235
Visuals Do Not Always Translate from One Culture
to Another 235
Guidelines for Using Visuals for International Audiences 236
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
23. suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does
not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage
Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any
time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
viii Contents
Writing for and Designing Websites 238
Web Versus Paper Pages 238
Web Versus Print Readers 238
Preparing a Successful Homepage 239
Designing and Writing for the Web: Eight Guidelines 239
Revision Checklist 243
Exercises 244
Chapter 7: Writing Instructions and Procedures 249
Instructions, Procedures, and Your Job 249
Why Instructions Are Important 249
Safety 250
24. Efficiency 250
Convenience 250
The Variety of Instructions: A Brief Overview 250
Using Word Processing Programs to Design Instructions 252
Assessing and Meeting Your Audience’s Needs 253
Key Questions to Ask About Your Audience 254
Writing Instructions for International Audiences 254
The Process of Writing Instructions 255
Plan Your Steps 255
Perform a Trial Run 255
Write and Test Your Draft 255
Revise and Edit 255
Using the Right Style 256
Using Visuals Effectively in Instructions 258
Guidelines for Using Visuals in Instructions 258
The Five Parts of Instructions 259
Introduction 259
List of Equipment and Materials 261
Steps for Your Instructions 261
25. Warnings, Cautions, and Notes 263
Conclusion 264
Model of Full Set of Instructions 264
Writing Procedures for Policies and Regulations 272
Some Examples of Procedures 272
Meeting the Needs of Your Marketplace 272
Writing Procedures at Work: An Example 273
Some Final Advice 273
Revision Checklist 276
Exercises 276
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.
May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does
not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage
Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any
time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
26. Contents ix
Chapter 8: Writing Effective Short Reports and Proposals 280
Why Short Reports Are Important 280
Types of Short Reports 281
Seven Guidelines for Writing Short Reports 281
1. Anticipate How an Audience Will Use Your Report 281
2. Do the Necessary Research 281
3. Be Objective and Ethical 282
4. Organize Carefully 282
5. Use Reader-Centered Headings, Bullets and Numbering,
and Visuals 283
6. Write Clearly and Concisely 284
7. Choose the Most Appropriate Format 284
Periodic Reports 288
Sales Reports 288
Progress Reports 288
Audience for Progress Reports 290
Frequency of Progress Reports 290
Parts of Progress Reports 290
27. Travel/Trip Reports 292
Questions Travel Reports Answer 293
Common Types of Travel/Trip Reports 293
Incident Reports 296
When to Submit an Incident Report 296
Parts of an Incident Report 298
Protecting Yourself Legally 299
Writing Successful Proposals 300
Proposals Are Persuasive Plans 300
Proposals Frequently Are Collaborative Efforts 301
Guidelines for Writing a Successful Proposal 302
Internal Proposals 303
Some Common Topics for Internal Proposals 303
Following the Proper Chain of Command 307
Ethically Identifying and Resolving Readers’ Problems 308
Organizing Internal Proposals 308
Sales Proposals 310
Knowing Your Audience and Meeting Its Needs 310
Organizing Sales Proposals 313
28. Short Reports and Proposals: Some Final Words 315
Revision Checklist 316
Exercises 317
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x Contents
Chapter 9: Writing Careful Long Reports 320
Characteristics of a Long Report 320
Scope 320
Research 321
Format 321
29. Timetable 321
Audience 322
Collaborative Effort 322
The Process of Writing a Long Report 322
Parts of a Long Report 323
Front Matter 323
Text of the Report 325
Back Matter 327
Documenting Sources 328
The Ethics of Documentation: What Must Be Cited 328
What Does Not Need to Be Cited 329
Parenthetical Documentation 329
Works Cited or Reference Pages 330
A Model Long Report 336
Final Words of Advice About Long Reports 354
Revision Checklist 355
Exercises 356
Chapter 10: Making Successful Presentations at Work 357
Types of Presentations 357
Informal Briefings 357
30. Guidelines for Preparing Informal Briefings 358
Formal Presentations 359
Analyzing Your Audience 359
The Parts of Formal Presentations 361
Presentation Software 366
Using Noncomputerized Visuals in Your Presentations 368
Rehearsing Your Presentation 369
Delivering Your Presentation 369
Evaluating Presentations 372
Revision Checklist 374
Exercises 374
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31. Contents xi
A Writer’s Brief Guide to Paragraphs, Sentences, and Words
376
Paragraphs 376
Writing a Well-Developed Paragraph 376
Supply a Topic Sentence 376
Three Characteristics of an Effective Paragraph 377
Sentences 380
Constructing and Punctuating Sentences 380
What Makes a Sentence 380
Avoiding Sentence Fragments 381
Avoiding Comma Splices 382
Avoiding Run-on Sentences 384
Making Subjects and Verbs Agree in Your Sentences 385
Writing Sentences That Say What You Mean 386
Correct Use of Pronoun References in Sentences 387
Words 388
Spelling Words Correctly 388
Using Apostrophes Correctly 388
32. Using Hyphens Properly 389
Using Ellipses 389
Using Numerals Versus Words 390
Matching the Right Word with the Right Meaning 390
Index 395
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xiii
Preface
Overview
Successful Writing at Work, Concise Third Edition, is a
practical introductory text for
students in business, professional, and occupational writing
courses. As readers of the
full-length edition of this text have found, Successful Writing at
Work clearly helps
students develop and master key communication skills vital for
success in the global
workplace. The Concise Third Edition serves the same purpose,
but it is designed for
those readers who prefer a more compact text, one that covers
nearly as many busi-
ness writing topics but is more streamlined and focuses on the
most essential skills
34. and strategies for writing successfully on the job. Whereas the
full-length edition
includes 17 chapters, the Concise Edition contains 10 chapters,
yet these fully cover a
range of workplace communications technologies and a variety
of e-communications
from essential considerations such as audience analysis and
ethics, to writing increas-
ingly more complex business documents (memos through long
reports and websites),
to making presentations, to preparing a resume and interviewing
for a job.
This compact edition has also been designed for a variety of
educational settings
where business writing is taught and practiced. It is versatile
enough for a full semes-
ter or trimester course, or it can be used successfully in a
shorter course, such as on
a quarter system. It can also meet the diverse goals of varied
educational settings,
including online, distance education, continuing education, and
week-long inten-
sive courses, as well as in-house training programs, workshops,
and conferences.
35. Successful Writing at Work, Concise Third Edition, provides
students with
easy-to-understand guidelines for writing and designing clear,
well-organized, and
readable documents. Along with user-friendly guidelines, this
edition provides stu-
dents with realistic models of the precise kinds of documents
they will be asked to
write on the job. In addition, this text can serve as a ready
reference that readers can
easily carry with them to the workplace. Students will quickly
find that this book
includes many practical applications, which are useful to those
who have little or no
job experience as well as those with years of experience in the
world of work.
Distinctive Features of Successful Writing
at Work, Concise Third Edition
The distinctive features that have made Successful Writing at
Work, Concise Edition,
a user-friendly text in the contemporary workplace continue to
be emphasized in
36. this new, third edition. These features, emphasizing up-to-date
approaches to teach-
ing business writing, can be found throughout the book:
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xiv Preface
1. Approaching writing as a problem-solving activity. The
Concise Third
Edition continues to approach writing not merely as a set of
rules and formats but
as a problem-solving activity in which employees meet the
needs of their employers,
co-workers, customers, clients, community groups, and vendors
37. worldwide by
getting to the bottom line. This approach to writing, introduced
in Chapter 1 and
carried throughout the text, helps students to think through the
writing process by
asking the key questions of who (who is the audience?), why
(why do they need this
document?), what (what is the message?), and how (how can the
writer present the
most appropriate style, tone, and format?). As in earlier
editions, this new edition
teaches students how to develop the critical skills necessary for
planning, drafting,
revising, editing, and formatting a variety of documents from e-
mails, blogs, letters,
instructions, and proposals, to long reports. In addition, case
studies and numerous
figures demonstrate how writers answer these key questions
above to solve prob-
lems in the business world.
2. Writing for the global marketplace. In today’s international
workplace,
effective employees must be consistently aware of how to write
for a variety of
38. readers, both in the United States and across the globe.
Consequently, almost every
chapter in this new Concise Third Edition includes increased
coverage of writ-
ing for international readers and non-native speakers of English.
The needs and
expectations of these international audiences receives special
attention starting with
Chapter 1 in a much expanded section “Writing for the Global
Marketplace” and
continues with coverage of writing letters for international
speakers of English in
Chapter 4, designing appropriate visuals and documents for this
audience in Chap-
ter 6, preparing clear instructions in Chapter 7, and making
presentations for global
audiences in Chapter 10. Especially important is the long report
in Chapter 9 on the
role international workers play in a corporation that must meet
their needs.
3. Viewing student readers as business professionals. To
encourage students in
their job-related writing, this new Concise Third Edition treats
them as profession-
39. als seeking success at different phases of their business careers.
Students are asked
to place themselves in the workplace setting (or, in the case of
Chapter 5, in the role
of job seekers) as they approach each topic, to better understand
the differences
between workplace and academic writing. In Chapter 1, they
are given the kinds
of orientation to company culture and protocols that they might
find in the early
days of their employment. Students are then asked to see
themselves as members
of a collaborative team drafting and developing an important
workplace docu-
ment (Chapter 2); workers writing routine hardcopy and e-
documents (Chapters
3 and 4); employees designing and writing more complex
documents, instructions,
proposals, and reports (Chapters 7 to 9); co-workers designing
documents and
websites (Chapter 6); and as company representatives making
presentations before
co- workers and potential clients worldwide (Chapter 10).
4. Using the latest workplace technologies. This new edition
40. offers the most current
coverage of communication technologies for writing
successfully in the rapidly changing
world of work, including the Internet, e-mail, instant
messaging, wikis, and document
tracking systems used to collaboratively draft, revise, and edit
reports, business blogs,
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Preface xv
video conferencing tools, and presentation software. Coverage
of these technologies is
integrated into each chapter. Easy-to-understand explanations
41. and annotated models
throughout this edition assist students to discover the hows as
well as the whys of
writing for the digital world of work.
5. Being an ethical employee. Companies and agencies expect
their employees
to behave and write ethically. As in earlier editions, the Concise
Third Edition
reinforces the importance of ethical workplace writing.
Beginning with enhanced
coverage of ethical writing and solving ethical dilemmas at
work, Chapter 1 further
stresses ethics in the workplace with a new section titled
“Successful Employees
Are Successful Writers.” Special attention to ethics continues in
sections of Chapter
2 on avoiding sexism and biased language in the workplace
while Chapter 3
draws students’ attention to the ethical choices they have to
make when writing
e-communications, including e-mail and blogs, drafting
diplomatic letters in
Chapter 4; preparing honest and realistic resumes and webfolios
in Chapter 5;
42. constructing unbiased and unaltered visuals and websites in
Chapter 6; preparing
safe and effective instructions in Chapter 7; writing truthful
proposals and reports
in Chapters 8 and 9; and making clear and accurate
presentations in Chapter 10.
New and Updated Material in the Third
Concise Edition
As in the earlier Concise editions, this new Third Edition
continues to offer stu-
dents a streamlined alternative to the full edition of Successful
Writing at Work while
still providing many important new additions. Throughout this
new Third Edition,
you will find strengthened coverage of key topics; updated
guidelines; and a wealth
of new annotated examples of workplace documents, case
studies, and exercises to
make the teaching and learning of workplace writing more
relevant and current.
Highlights of this new edition include:
■ New and updated material on collaborative writing and
43. meetings at
work in Chapter 2 and collaborative exercises throughout.
Because
a great deal of workplace writing is done collaboratively, this
new edition
emphasizes this topic more than in earlier editions. In addition
to streamlined
and updated guidelines for setting up, conducting, and avoiding
conflicts
in group settings, Chapter 2 now includes a section on how to
be a better
team player, a revised discussion of collaborating electronically
with new
figures showing how documents are collaboratively drafted,
revised, and
edited using a document tracking system as well as writing with
wikis and
further guidelines on planning virtual and face-to-face
meetings. Exercises
on preparing collaborative documents—from e-communications
to letters to
reports to proposals and to websites—are now included in each
chapter.
■ New and expanded attention to workplace technologies.
44. Along
with document tracking systems in Chapter 2, discussions of
business
communication technologies are enhanced in many chapters,
especially
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Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
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xvi Preface
in Chapter 3 on e-communication at work, which includes new
sections
on (and examples of) instant messaging and external business
blogs as well
as updated coverage of writing and organizing e-mail. Chapter
45. 5, “How
to Get a Job,” features updated coverage of online resumes plus
valuable
new sections on developing and designing career
portfolios/webfolios.
Chapter 6—on designing documents, visuals, and websites—
contains a
new streamlined discussion of writing and formatting text and
visuals for
an online environment. Chapter 10 helps students understand
how to be
better, more persuasive speakers using PowerPoint technology
and includes
a revised sample slide presentation.
■ Updated and increased coverage of employment documents.
Already
praised for its helpful coverage of the job search, a much-
revised Chapter 5
on “How to Get a Job” offers the most current advice on
searching for and
applying for a job in this extremely competitive market. It
includes a new sec-
tion on helping students prepare for their careers while they are
still in college;
46. identify their most marketable skills; updated advice on
searching for a job;
streamlined discussions and numerous annotated and redesigned
examples of
various types of resumes and letters of application; cutting-edge
coverage of
online resumes; and an annotated sample webfolio. Reflecting
changes in how
companies interview and hire candidates, the chapter closes
with new, highly
practical advice on interview strategies and finding pay scales.
■ Greatly expanded material on using the Internet in the world
of work.
Chapter 6 has been retitled “Designing Successful Documents,
Visuals, and
Websites” to include new material on how to write text for the
web and how
to incorporate such key web elements as color, art, animation,
and space to
convey the most appropriate message for key audience(s).
Numerous exam-
ples and guidelines prepare students for web authorship. This
Third Edition
also offers expanded coverage of how to best use e-mail and IM
47. in the work-
place as well as detailed guidelines for writing company blogs,
including a
sample, annotated business blog post.
■ New and enhanced discussion of workplace correspondence.
Chapters 3
and 4 on workplace correspondence contain new and updated
material to
help students become more proficient and diplomatic writers.
Chapter 3 on
routine correspondence, for example, gives students updated
advice and new
annotated models of memos, e-mail, IMs, and blogs to show
them how to
be clear, concise, and ethical employees. Chapter 4, on writing
letters, sup-
plies updated guidelines for writing a variety of business letters
as well as an
enhanced discussion of international business correspondence
showing both
bad and good examples of such correspondence.
■ Most current guidelines on using MLA and APA
documentation.
48. The section on documentation in Chapter 9 has been completely
revised,
reformatted, and updated to show students how to document
their work
using MLA and APA guidelines. Clear and easy-to-follow
examples of the
most frequently cited works, both print and e-documents,
including websites,
podcasts, blogs, and media programs, help students to document
these sources
accurately and completely. A helpful new feature of this chapter
is the table that
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49. Preface xvii
clearly and concisely spells out the different key information
students need to
cite according to MLA or APA. In addition to a wide range of
sample entries,
the chapter concludes with a revised and fully annotated and
collaboratively
written long report using an using an APA-documented
References list.
■ New and stronger emphasis on greening the workplace. This
Third
Edition gives greater attention to the importance of protecting
and preserv-
ing the environment, both in the workplace and at off-site
locations. Chapter
1 includes a major example of how a power company and its
employees
safeguard the natural resources their customers need and then
describes the
ethical responsibilities companies and their employees have to
respect the
environment. Subsequent chapters offer a draft of a report on
recycling, a
50. progress report from a contractor rehabbing an office space to
save energy,
and an e-exchange about an environmental impact report. Most
important,
many new exercises have been added to get students “thinking
green” as they
produce eco-sensitive workplace documents.
■ Complete annotations of model documents. Every document
in this new
edition, including all the visuals and web homepage in Chapter
6, has been
thoroughly annotated to better help students understand the
choices writers
make in selecting their words and visuals, organizing their
documents, and
formatting them for their audiences. Many chapters now show
students
both an ineffective document and a revised, much more
effective version,
illustrating the value of revision as well as the benefits of
careful, often
collaborative, workplace writing.
■ Updated figures and exercises. Most figures have been
51. updated in this new
edition, not only for currency but also to show students the
importance of
including the most persuasive and relevant information and
graphics in their
own work. In addition, new exercises have been included in
every chapter,
offering students greater opportunities to develop their writing
skills for the
world work, either alone or as part of a collaborative team.
Supplements
The Successful Writing at Work, Concise Third Edition,
Companion Website
(www.cengage.com/english/kolin/writingatworkconcise3e)
includes the follow-
ing resources for students:
■ Improve Your Grade. Online exercises for each chapter are
designed to help
students simultaneously practice chapter skills and become
effective writers
using the latest technologies—from word processing features
such as report
templates and document tracking, to presentation software, to
52. Internet tech-
nologies like mind-mapping software and resume, survey, and
blog builders.
In addition, annotated Web links accompanying every chapter
enable stu-
dents to explore chapter topics even further.
■ ACE the Test. Two gradable 10-question ACE self-tests per
chapter are pro-
vided to help students test their full understanding of chapter
topics.
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Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
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time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
xviii Preface
53. The Instructor Companion Website
(www.cengage.com/english/kolin/ writingat
workconcise3e) provides plentiful material for instructors
looking for ideas and aids
to teach the course:
■ Correlation Guide. For those instructors transitioning from
either Successful
Writing at Work, Ninth Edition, or the Concise Second Edition,
this guide
provides side-by-side content comparisons for easy updating of
course
syllabi.
■ Sample Syllabi. Two syllabi are provided, one for a 15-week
course incorpo-
rating research and long reports, and one for a shorter 10-week
course. Both
syllabi provide course goals and week-by-week strategies, but
they can also
be downloaded and adapted to the particular needs of teachers
and students
in various courses.
54. ■ Some Suggestions on How to Teach Job-Related Writing.
This helpful
guide provides ideas for simulating real-world experience in the
classroom;
enhancing classes by bringing in outside speakers and examples;
and high-
lighting the crucial topics of ethics, global audience,
technology, and
collaboration.
■ PowerPoint Slides. Slide shows for each chapter thoroughly
cover all chapter
topics and allow for enhanced classroom presentation.
■ Suggested Approaches to Exercises. Because most of the
exercises in
Successful Writing at Work, Concise Third Edition, are
designed to elicit a
variety of responses from students, suggested approaches to
evaluating and
grading exercises are provided, rather than “right” or “wrong”
answers.
The InSite online writing and research tool includes electronic
peer review, an
55. originality checker, an assignment library, help with common
grammar and writing
errors, and access to InfoTrac® College Edition. Portfolio
management gives you
the ability to grade papers, run originality reports, and offer
feedback in an easy-to-
use online course management system. Using InSite’s peer
review feature, students
can easily review and respond to their classmates’ work. Other
features include
fully integrated discussion boards, streamlined assignment
creation, and more. Visit
www.academic.cengage.com/insite to view a demonstration.
Acknowledgments
In a very real sense, the Concise Third Edition has profited
from the collaboration of
various reviewers with me as I worked on this new edition. I
am, therefore, honored
to thank the following reviewers who have joined with me to
create this new edition.
Eileen M. Finelli, Northampton Community College
Christy L. Kinnion, Wake Technical Community College
Mary Mullaly, Washtenaw Community College
56. Becky Newman, Dixie Applied Technology College
Linda Nicole Patino, Surry Community College
Catherine Ramsden, DePaul University
Carol Whittaker, Pennsylvania State University
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Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
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not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage
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time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Preface xix
I am also deeply grateful to the following individuals at the
University of Southern
Mississippi for their help—Danielle Sypher-Haley, Penny
White, Cecily Hill
(Department of English), David Tisdale (University
Communications), Mary Beth
57. Applin and Sherry Laughlin (Information Services, Cook
Library), Mary Lux
(Department of Medical Technology), and Cliff Burgess (
Department of Computer
Science). I am especially grateful to Denise von Herrmann,
Dean of the College of
Arts and Letters, for her continued appreciation of my work.
I am also grateful to Terri Smith Ruckel, Jianqing Zheng at
Mississippi Valley
State University, and Erin Smith at the University of
Tennessee—Knoxville.
Several individuals from the business world also gave me wise
counsel, for
which I am thankful. They include Sally Eddy at Georgia
Pacific; Kirk Woodward
at Visiting Nurses Services of New York; Jimmy Stockstill at
Petro Automotive;
Nancy Steen from Adelman and Steen; Theresa Rogers and
Rachel Sullivan at
Regents Bank, Inc.; and Sgt. Scott Jamison of the U.S. Army.
I am also especially grateful to Father Michael Tracey for his
counsel and con-
58. tributions to Chapter 6 on document design, particularly on
websites.
My thanks go to the team at Cengage Learning for their
assistance, encourage-
ment, and friendship—Michael Rosenberg, Michael Lepera,
Jillian D’Urso, Megan
Garvey, Erin Pass, Janine Tangney, Jason Sakos, Stacey
Purviance, and to freelance
development editor Ed Dodd for his excellent assistance. I want
to thank Integra
Software Services, Inc. and their production manager Katie
Ostler for their hard
work, and Cindy Gierhart for her copyediting assistance on this
edition. I am also
grateful to Katie Huha and Jen Meyer Dare, who handled the
permissions for this
concise edition of Successful Writing at Work.
I thank my extended family—Margie and Al Parish, Sister
Carmelita Stinn,
Mary and Ralph Torrelli, and Lois and Norman Dobson—for
their prayers
and love.
59. Finally, I am deeply grateful to my son, Eric, and my daughter-
in-law, Theresa,
for their enthusiastic and invaluable assistance as I prepared
Chapter 8; to my
grandson, Evan Philip, and granddaughter, Megan Elise, for
their love and encour-
agement. My daughter, Kristin, also merits loving praise for her
help throughout
this new edition by doing various searches and revisions and by
offering practical
advice on successful writing at work. And to Diane Dobson, my
wife, I say thank
you for bringing so much peace, music, and love into my life.
P.C.K.
January 2011
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Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
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not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage
Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any
60. time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part.
Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does
not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage
Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any
time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
1
Visit www.
cengage.com/
english/kolin/
writingatwork
concise3e for
this chapter’s
online exercises,
61. ACE quizzes,
and web links.
Writing—An Essential Job Skill
Writing is a part of every job, from your initial letter of
application conveying first
impressions to memos, e-mail, blogs, letters, websites,
proposals, instructions, and
reports. Writing keeps businesses moving. It allows employees
to communicate
with one another, with management, and with the customers,
clients, and agencies a
company must serve to stay in business.
Clearly, then, writing is an essential skill for employees and
employers alike.
According to Don Bagin, a communications consultant, most
people need an
hour or more to write a typical business letter. If an employer is
paying someone
$30,000 a year, one letter costs $14 of that employee’s time; for
someone who earns
$50,000 a year, the cost for the average letter jumps to $24.
Mistakes in letters are
costly for workers as well for as employers. As David Noble
62. cautions in his book
Gallery of Best Cover Letters, “The cost of a cover letter (in
applying for a job, for
instance) might be as much of a third of a million dollars—even
more if you figure
the amount of income and benefits you don’t receive, say, in a
10-year period for a
job you don’t get because of an error that got you screened out.”
Unfortunately, as the Associated Press (AP) reported in a recent
survey,
“Most American businesses say workers need to improve their
writing . . . skills.”
Yet that same report cited a survey of more than 400 companies
that identified
writing as “the most valuable skill employees can have.” In
fact, the employers
polled in that AP survey indicated that 80 percent of their work
force needed
to improve their writing. Beyond a doubt, your success as an
employee will
depend on your success as a writer. The higher you advance in
an organization,
the more and better writing you will be expected to do.
Promotions, and other
63. job recognitions, are often based on an employee’s writing
skills. This book will
show you, step by step, how to write clearly and efficiently the
job-related com-
munications you need for success in the world of work.
Chapter 1 gives you some basic information about writing in the
global mar-
ketplace and raises major questions you need to ask yourself to
make the writing
process easier and the results more effective. It also describes
the basic functions of
1 Getting Started
Writing and Your Career
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Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be
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64. 2 CHAPTER 1 Getting Started
on-the-job writing and introduces you to one of the most
important requirements
in the business world—writing ethically.
Writing for the Global Marketplace
The Internet, e-mail, teleconferencing, blogging, and e-
commerce have shrunk the
world into a global village. Accordingly, it is no longer feasible
to think of business
in exclusively regional or even national terms. Many companies
are multinational
corporations with offices throughout the world. In fact, many
U.S. businesses are
branches of international firms. A large, multinational
corporation may have its prod-
ucts designed in Japan; manufactured in Bangladesh; and sold in
Detroit, Atlanta,
and Los Angeles. Its stockholders may be in Mexico City as
well as Saudi Arabia—in
fact, anywhere. In our global economy, every country is
65. affected by every other one.
Competing for International Business
Companies must compete for international sales to stay in
business. Every business,
whether large or small, has to appeal to diverse international
markets to be competi-
tive. Each year a larger share of the U.S. gross national product
(GNP) depends on
global markets in China, Saudi Arabia, India, Eastern Europe,
and elsewhere. Some
U.S. firms estimate that 40 to 50 percent of their business is
conducted outside of
the United States. Wal-Mart, for example, has expanded into
hundreds of stores in
mainland China, and General Electric has opened plants in more
than 60 countries.
Jupiter Research estimates that 75 percent of the global Internet
population lives
outside the United States. A large corporation such as
Citigroup, for instance, is
eager to promote its image of helping customers worldwide, as
Figure 1.1 illustrates.
If your company, however small, has a website, then it is an
international business.
66. Communicating with Global Audiences
To be a successful employee in this highly competitive global
market, you have
to communicate clearly and diplomatically with a host of
readers from different
cultural backgrounds. As a result, don’t presume that you will
be writing only
to native speakers of American English. As a vital part of your
job, you may be
communicating with readers in Singapore, Jamaica, and South
Africa, for example,
who speak varieties of English quite different from American
English. You will
also very likely be writing to readers for whom English is not
their first (or native)
language. These individuals, who may reside either in the
United States or in a for-
eign country, will constitute a large and important audience for
your work.
Seeing the World Through Their Eyes
Writing to these international readers with proper business
etiquette means first
learning about their cultural values and assumptions—what they
67. value and also
what they regard as communication taboos. They may not
conduct business exactly
Visit www.
cengage.com/
english/kolin/
writingatwork
concise3e for an
online exercise,
“Exploring the
Online Global
Marketplace.”
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68. Writing for the Global Marketplace 3
the way it is done in the United States, and to think they should
is wrong. Your
international audience is likely to have different expectations of
how they want a
letter addressed or written to them, whether they allow you to
use their first name,
how they prefer a business meeting to be conducted, or how
they think questions
should be framed and asked and agreements reached. Their
concepts of time, family,
money, the environment, managers, and communication itself
may be nothing like
How Citigroup Meets Banking Needs
Around the World
WITH A BANKING EMPIRE that spans more than 100
countries, Citigroup is
experienced at meeting the diverse financial services needs of
businesses,
in-dividuals, customers, and governments. The bank is
headquartered in New York
69. City but has offices in Africa, Asia, Central and South America,
Europe, the Middle
East, as well as throughout North America. Live or work in
Japan? You can open a
checking account at Citigroup’s Citibank branch in downtown
Tokyo. How about
Mexico? Visit a Grupo Financiero Banamex-Accival branch,
owned by Citigroup.
Citigroup owns European American Bank and has even bought a
stake in a
Shanghai-based bank with an eye toward attracting more of
China’s $1 trillion in
bank deposits. Between acquisitions and long-established
branches, Citigroup
covers the globe from the Atlantic to the Pacific and the Indian
Oceans.
71. saying or illustrating
something inappropriate can cost your company a contract and
you your job.
Cultural Diversity at Home
Cultural diversity exists inside as well as outside the company
you work for. Don’t
conclude that your boss or co-workers are all native speakers of
English, either, or
that they come from the same cultural background that you do.
In the next dec-
ade, as much as 40 to 50 percent of the U.S. skilled work force
may be composed
of recent immigrants who bring their own business traditions
and languages with
them. These are highly educated, multicultural, and
multinational individuals who
have acquired English as a second language.
For the common good of your company, then respect these
international col-
leagues. In fact, multinational employees can be tremendously
important for your
company in making contacts in their native country and in
helping your firm
72. understand and appreciate ethical/cultural differences among
customers. The long
report in Chapter 9 (pages 338–354) describes some ways in
which a company can
both acknowledge and respect the different cultural traditions of
its international
employees. Businesses want to emphasize their commitments to
globalization.
Using International English
Whether your international readers are customers or colleagues,
you need to adapt
your writing to respect their language needs and cultural
protocols. To communi-
cate with non-native speakers, use “international English,” a
way of writing that is
easily understood, culturally appropriate, and diplomatic.
International English is
user friendly in terms of the words, sentences, formats, and
visuals you choose.
To write international English means you re-examine your own
writing. The
words, idioms, phrases, and sentences you select instinctively
for U.S. readers may
73. not be appropriate for an audience for whom English is a
second, or even a third,
language. If you find a set of instructions accompanying your
computer software
package confusing, imagine how much more intimidating such a
document would
be for non-native speakers of English. You can eliminate such
confusion by making
your message clear, straightforward, and appropriately polite
for readers who are
not native speakers.
Here are some basic guidelines to help you write international
English:
■ Use clear, easy-to-understand sentences, not rambling,
complex ones. That
does not mean you write insultingly short and simple ones but
that you take
into account that readers will find your message easier to
translate if your
sentences do not exceed 15–20 words. Moreover, do not try to
pack too
much information in a single sentence; consider using two or
more sentences
74. instead. See pages 42–47.
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Four Keys to Effective Writing 5
■ Avoid jargon, idioms (e.g., “to line one’s pockets”), and
abbreviations (e.g.
“FEMA”) that international readers may not know.
■ Choose clear, commonly used words that unambiguously
translate into the
non-native speaker’s language. Avoid flowery or pretentious
(“amend” for
“change”) language.
75. ■ Select visuals and icons that are free from cultural bias, or
that are taboo in the
non-native speaker’s country. (For more on this, see pages 235–
237.)
■ When in doubt, consult someone from the native speaker’s
country—a
co-worker, an instructor.
Because it is so important, international English is discussed in
greater detail
on pages 134–139. Later chapters of this book will also give
you additional practi-
cal guidelines on writing correspondence, instructions,
proposals, reports, websites,
and other work-related documents suitable for a global
audience.
Four Keys to Effective Writing
Effective writing on the job is carefully planned, thoroughly
researched, and clearly
presented. Its purpose is always to accomplish a specific goal
and to be as persuasive
as possible. Whether you send a routine e-mail to a co-worker
76. in Cincinnati or in
Shanghai or a commissioned report to the president of the
company, your writing
will be more effective if you ask yourself these four questions:
1. Who will read what I write? (Identify your audience.)
2. Why should they read what I write? (Establish your
purpose.)
3. What do I have to say to them? (Formulate your message.)
4. How can I best communicate? (Select an appropriate style
and tone.)
The questions who? why? what? and how? do not function
independently; they are
all related. You write (1) for a specific audience (2) with a
clearly defined purpose
in mind (3) about a topic your readers need to understand (4) in
language appropri-
ate for the occasion. Once you answer the first question, you are
off to a good start
toward answering the other three. Now let’s examine each of the
four questions in
detail.
Identifying Your Audience
77. Knowing who makes up your audience is one of your most
important responsibili-
ties as a writer. Keep in mind that you are not writing for
yourself but for a specific
reader or group of readers. Expect to analyze your audience
throughout the com-
posing process.
Look at the advertisements in Figures 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4. The
main purpose of all
three documents is the same: to discourage people from
smoking. The essential mes-
sage in each ad—smoking is dangerous to your health—is also
the same. But note
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78. 6 CHAPTER 1 Getting Started
how the different details—words, photographs, situations—have
been selected to
appeal to three different audiences.
The advertisement in Figure 1.2 is aimed at fathers who smoke.
As you can see,
it shows an image of a father smoking next to his son, who is
reaching for his pack
of cigarettes. Note how the caption “Will your child follow in
your footsteps?”
plays on the fact that the father and son are literally sitting on
steps, but at the same
time implies that the son will imitate his father’s behavior as a
smoker. The statistic
at the bottom of the advertisement reinforces both the photo
caption and the image,
hitting home the point that parental behavior strongly influences
children’s behav-
ior. The child in the photograph already is following his father
by showing a clear
interest in smoking.
79. The advertisement in Figure 1.3, on the other hand, is aimed at
an audience
of pregnant women and appropriately shows a member of this
audience with a lit
cigarette. The words on the advertisement appeal to a mother’s
sense of respon-
sibility as the reason to stop smoking, a reason to which this
audience would be
most likely to respond—smoking can harm the unborn child.
Children whose parents smoke
are 50% more likely to start
smoking than children whose
parents don’t smoke.
Figure 1.2 No-smoking advertisement aimed at fathers who
smoke.
Photo by Peter Poulides/Getty Images.
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80. suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
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Four Keys to Effective Writing 7
Figure 1.4 is directed toward still another audience, young
athletes. The word
smoke in this advertisement is aimed directly at their game and
their goal. In fact,
the writer aptly made the goal the same for the game as for the
players’ lives. Note,
too, how this image with its four photos is suitable for an
international audience.
The copywriters who created these advertisements have chosen
appropriate
details—words, pictures, captions, and so on—to persuade each
audience not to
smoke. With their careful choices, they successfully answered
81. the question “How
can we best communicate with each audience?” Note that details
relevant for one
audience (athletes, for example) could not be used as effectively
for another audi-
ence (such as fathers).
The three advertisements in Figures 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 illustrate
some fundamental
points you need to keep in mind when identifying your
audience.
■ Members of each audience differ in backgrounds,
experiences, and needs.
■ How you picture your audience will determine what you say
to them.
■ Viewing something from the audience’s perspective will help
you to select the
most relevant details for that audience.
SmokingSmoking
PutsPuts
Both Both
MotherMother
82. and Childand Child
at Riskat Risk
No-smoking advertisement directed at pregnant women. Figure
1.3
Photo by Bill Crump/Brand X Pictures/Fotosearch/Royalty-Free
Image.
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8 CHAPTER 1 Getting Started
Some Questions to Ask About Your Audience
You can form a fairly accurate picture of your audience by
83. asking yourself key
questions before you write. For each audience you need to
reach, consider the fol-
lowing questions.
1. Who is my audience? What individual(s) will most likely be
reading my work?
If you are writing for colleagues/managers at work:
■ What is my reader’s job title? Co-worker? Immediate
supervisor? Vice president?
■ What kind of job experience, education, and interests does
my reader have?
If you are writing for clients or consumers (a very large, often-
times diverse audience):
■ How can I find out about their interest in my product or
service?
■ How much will this audience know about my company?
About me?
2. How many people will make up my audience?
84. ■ Will just one individual read what I write (the nurse on the
next shift, the
production manager) or will many people read it (all the
consumers of my
company’s product or service)?
Figure 1.4 No-smoking advertisement appealing to young
athletes.
CDC, Tobacco Free Sports Initiative
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Four Keys to Effective Writing 9
85. ■ Will my boss want to see my work (say, a letter to a
consumer in response to
a complaint) to approve it?
■ Will I be sending my message to a large group of people
sharing a similar
interest in my topic, such as a listserv?
3. How well does my audience understand English?
■ Are all my readers native speakers of English?
■ Will I be communicating with people around the globe?
■ Will some of my readers speak English as a second or even
third language
and thereby require extra sensitivity on my part to their needs as
non-native
speakers of English?
■ Will some of my readers speak no English but instead use an
English gram-
mar book and foreign language dictionary to understand what
I’ve written?
4. How much does my audience already know about my writing
topic?
86. ■ Will my audience know as much as I do about the particular
problem or issue, or
will they need to be briefed, be given background information,
or be updated?
■ Are my readers familiar with, and do they expect me to use,
technical terms
and descriptions, or will I have to provide definitions and easy-
to-understand
and nontechnical wording and visuals?
5. What is my audience’s reason for reading my work?
■ Is my communication part of their routine duties, or are they
looking for
information to solve a problem or make a decision?
■ Am I writing to describe benefits that another writer or
company cannot offer?
■ Will my readers expect complete details, or will a short
summary be enough?
■ Are they looking at my work to make an important decision
affecting a
co-worker, a client, a community, or the environment?
87. ■ Are they reading something I write because they must (a
legal notification, an
incident report, for instance)?
6. What are my audience’s expectations about my written
work?
■ Do they want an e-mail, or will they expect a formal letter?
■ Will they expect me to follow a company format and style?
■ Are they looking for a one-page memo or for a
comprehensive report?
■ Should I use a formal tone or a more relaxed and
conversational style?
7. What is my audience’s attitude toward me and my work?
■ Will I be writing to a group of disgruntled and angry
customers or vendors
about a sensitive issue (a product recall, discontinuation of a
service, a refusal
of credit, or a shipment delay)?
■ Will I have to be sympathetic while at the same time give
firm, convincing
88. reasons for my company’s (or my) decision?
■ Will my readers be skeptical, indifferent, or friendly about
what I write?
■ Will my readers feel guilty that they have not answered an
earlier message of
mine, not paid a bill now overdue, or not kept a promise or
commitment?
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10 CHAPTER 1 Getting Started
8. What do I want my audience to do after reading my work?
89. ■ Do I want my readers to purchase something from me,
approve my plan, or
send me additional documentation?
■ Do I expect my readers to acknowledge my message, save it
for future refer-
ence, or review and e-mail it to another individual or office?
■ Do my readers have to take immediate action, or do they
have several days or
weeks to respond?
■ Do I simply want my readers to get my message and not
respond at all?
As your answers to these questions will show, you may have to
communi-
cate with many different audiences on your job. Each group of
readers will have
different expectations and requirements; you need to understand
those audience
differences if you want to supply relevant information.
Case Study: Writing to Different Audiences in a Large
Corporation
90. To examine more closely the way that your audience influences
the writing process,
consider the following situation.
Let’s say you work for a company that designs and produces
heavy-duty earth
moving equipment and that you have to write for many
individuals in that organi-
zation. Here are the priorities of five different audiences at your
firm, along with
appropriate information you need to give each one to answer
their questions:
Audience Information to Communicate
Owner or principal executive Stress financial benefits,
indicating that the equipment
is a “money-maker” and is compatible with other
existing (and competing) models.
Production engineer Emphasize “state-of the-art” transmissions,
productivity, availability of parts.
Operator Focus on information about how easy and safe it is to
run.
91. Maintenance worker Provide key details about routine
maintenance as well
as troubleshooting advice on problems.
Production supervisor Concentrate on the speed and efficiency
the machine
offers.
As these examples show, to succeed in the world of work, give
each reader the
details he or she needs to accomplish a given job. Each specific
audience has very
different needs and questions you will be expected to answer.
Establishing Your Purpose
By knowing why you are writing, you will communicate better
and find writing
itself to be an easier process. Make sure you follow the most
important rule in occu-
pational writing: Get to the point right away. At the start of
your message, state
your goal clearly.
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Four Keys to Effective Writing 11
I want to teach new employees the security procedures for
logging onto and off the company computer.
Because your purpose controls the amount and order of
information you include,
state it clearly at the beginning of every e-mail, memo, letter,
and report.
This e-mail will acquaint new employees with the security
measures they need to take when logging onto and off the
company computer.
93. In the opening purpose statement that follows, note how the
author clearly
informs the reader as to what the report will and will not cover.
As you requested at last week’s organizational meeting, I have
surveyed how well our websites promote our services. This
report describes and priortizes respondents’ assessments.
Formulating Your Message
Your message is the sum of what facts, responses, and
recommendations you put
into writing. A message includes the scope and details of your
communication.
■ Scope refers to how much information you give readers about
the key details.
■ The details are those key points you think readers need to
know to perform
their jobs.
Some messages will consist of only one or two sentences: “Do
not touch; wet paint.”
“Order #756 was sent this afternoon by Federal Express. It
should arrive at your
office on March 22.” At the other extreme, messages may
94. extend over 20 or 30 pages
or more. Messages can carry good news or bad news. They may
deal with routine
matters; or they may handle changes in policy, special
situations, or problems.
Keep in mind that you need to adapt the message to fit your
audience. For tech-
nical audiences, such as engineers, you may have to supply a
complete report with
statistical or other mathematical data. For other readers—busy
decision makers, for
example—a short discussion or summary of the financial or
managerial significance
will be enough. See page 339 for an example of an abstract.
Selecting Your Style and Tone
Style
Style is how something is written rather than what is written.
Style helps to
determine how well you communicate with an audience, how
well your readers
understand and receive your message. It involves the choices
you make about
95. ■ the construction of your paragraphs
■ the length and patterns of your sentences
■ your choice of words
You will have to adapt your style to take into account different
messages, differ-
ent purposes, and different audiences. Your words, for example,
will certainly vary
with your audience. If all potential readers are specialists in
your field, you may
safely use the technical language and symbols of your
profession. Nonspecialists,
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96. 12 CHAPTER 1 Getting Started
however, will be confused and annoyed if you write to them in
the same way. The
average consumer, for example, will not know what a
potentiometer is; by writing
“volume control on a radio,” you will be using words that the
general public can
understand. As we saw, when writing to an international
audience, you have to take
into account their proficiency in English and so choose your
words and sentences
with their needs in mind.
Tone
Tone in writing, like tone of voice, expresses your attitude
toward a topic and
toward your audience. In general, your tone can range from
formal and impersonal
(a scientific report) to informal and conversational (an e-mail or
IM to a colleague).
It can be unprofessionally sarcastic or diplomatically agreeable.
Tone, like style, is signaled in part by the words you choose.
For example, say-
97. ing that someone is “interested in details” conveys a more
positive tone than saying
the person is a “nitpicker.” The word economical is more
positive than stingy or
cheap; assertive sounds better than rude or aggressive.
The tone of your writing is especially important in occupational
writing
because it reflects the image you project to your readers and
thus determines how
they will respond to you, your work, and your company. Your
tone can be infor-
mal or formal. Sending an IM to a friend, your tone is far more
casual than sending
a proposal to a prospective customer. Your tone can also signal
how sincere and
intelligent or angry and uninformed you appear. Of course, in
all your written
work, you need to sound professional and knowledgeable. The
wrong tone in a
letter or a proposal might cost you a customer, as the letter in
Figure 4.5 (page 106)
demonstrates.
Case Study: A Description of Heparin for Two Different
98. Audiences
In the workplace you will often be faced with the problem of
presenting the same
information to two completely different audiences. To better
understand the
impact style and tone can have when solving this problem, read
the following
two descriptions of heparin, a drug used to prevent blood clots.
In both, the mes-
sage is basically the same. Yet, because the audiences differ, so
do the style and
the tone.
The first description of heparin appears in a reference work for
physicians and
other health care providers and is written in a highly technical
style with an imper-
sonal tone.
The writer has made the appropriate stylistic choices for the
audience, the
purpose, and the message. Health care providers understand and
expect the
jargon and the scientific explanations to prescribe and/or
administer heparin
99. correctly. The writer’s authoritative, impersonal tone is coldly
clinical, which,
of course, is also appropriate because the purpose is to convey
the accurate,
complete scientific facts about this drug, not the writer’s or
reader’s personal
opinions or beliefs. The author sounds appropriately both
knowledgeable and
objective.
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Four Keys to Effective Writing 13