sociology snd msn

3. COVID-19 Definition
 Coronavirus disease COVID-19 is an infectious
disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Virus. This
disease was originated in China. In March 2020 the
World Health Organization declared COVID-19
outbreak as pandemic.

4. Mode of Transmission

5.  COVID 19 virus spreads mainly from Person to person
through inhalation of droplets or aerosols (small
droplets)Among those in close contact (within
about6 feet or 2 meters).
 The virus travels in respiratory droplets released into
the air when an infected Person coughs, sneezes,
talks, sings or breathes.
 These droplets can be inhaled through nose or land
in the mouth or eyes of the person nearby and
transmit infection.
 It can be transmitted through touching, Shaking
hands with an infected person and touching
contaminated surfaces.

6. Signs and Symptoms

7.  The incubation period (time after exposure and before
having symptoms) is 2 to 14 days.
Common signs and symptoms are:
 Fever, cough, tiredness, headache
 Loss of taste and smell
 Muscle aches, chills, sore throat, runny nose
 Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, Chest pain
 Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, etc.
 Symptoms may range from very mild to severe. While
some individuals many not exhibit any symptoms, the
others may have symptoms which may range from
mild symptoms to worsened shortness of breath and
pneumonia or even experience multisystem
Inflammatory syndrome etc.

10. Prevention

12.  Wearing a properly fitted mask
 Washing hands using soap and water for at least 20 seconds or
alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
 Maintaining social distancing
 Avoid close contact with anyone who is sick or has symptoms
 Getting vaccinated
 Following respiratory etiquettes
 Covering mouth and nose with elbow or a tissue when coughing
or sneezing, avoiding touching of the eyes, nose and mouth.
 Avoiding crowds and indoor places that have poor air flow
 Disinfecting frequently used surfaces such as doorknobs, tables,
chairs.
 Getting adequate sleep, eating healthy diet, drinking plenty of
liquids and doing regular exercises so as to strengthen the
Immune system to fight infection.

13. Social Impact of COVID-19
 COVID-19 pandemic affected many aspects of human life. The
areas of impact include health, Economic, labor productivity,
agricultural production and development, pressure on health
sector, women and migrant population.
 COVID-19 has created a global health crisis and caused
dramatic loss of human life Worldwide along with social and
economic Crisis.
 Efforts to control the spread of the virus had led governments
worldwide to take necessary steps to encourage social
distancing, including closure of economic Activities.
 Lockdown and quarantine caused separation from loved ones,
loss of freedom, sense of loneliness, irritability, helplessness,
etc.

14.  Uncertainty about the advancement of the disease caused
psychological consequences such as anxiety, depression,
suicidal behaviors, etc.
 The economic and social disruption caused by the
pandemic led to extreme poverty and risk of losing
livelihood.
 Border closures, trade restrictions and Confinement
measures prevented farmers from accessing markets,
buying and selling their products and disrupted domestic
and international food supply chains.
 As breadwinners lost jobs, many fell ill and died, the food
security and nutrition of millions of women and men fell
under threat.
 Further, men experiencing income losses, people resorted
to negative coping strategies such as distress sale of asset,
predatory loans child labor.

15.  Strictly regulated human movement and transport to
monitor the growth of the epidemic significantly reduce
economic activity.
 As a consequence of the pandemic, health care
professionals were overworked and suffered with psycho
physical stress, anxiety, insomnia etc.
 Generations of different types of waste particularly
hospital waste indirectly created a number of
environmental concerns.
 If the above problems are not addressed through policy,
the social crisis created by the COVID-19 pandemic may
also increase inequality, exclusion, discrimination, and
global unemployment in the long term.

16. THANK YOU