This document provides an overview of COVID-19, including what causes it, how it spreads, symptoms, prevention, vaccination efforts in India, and conclusions. It began in China and has since spread globally. The virus is thought to have originated in bats and was first transmitted to humans in Wuhan. It spreads mainly through respiratory droplets when people cough or sneeze. Most people experience mild symptoms, but some cases are severe or fatal. Prevention focuses on hand washing, masks, distancing and isolation of those infected. India began vaccinating people in January 2021 and has administered over 246 million doses so far using Covishield, Covaxin and Sputnik V vaccines. New variants continue to emerge but technology and global

1. INDEX
S.NO TOPICS Page.no
1 AIM AND INTRODUCTION 1
2 WHAT CAUSES CORONAVIRUS 2
3 HOW ITS SPREADS 4
4 SYMPTOMS 5
5 PREVENTION 6
6 OUTLOOK 7
7 EVERYONE WITH COVID-19 DIES 8
8 COVID-19 VACCINATION IN INDIA 9
9 VACCINATION PROGRAM 10
10 CONCLUSION 14
11 BIBLIOGRAPHY 15

2. COVID-19
AIM: To study and analyse covid -19. what are its causes
and prevention methods and various treatments to cure?
INTRODUCTION
Many health experts believe that the new strain of
coronavirus likely originated in bats or pangolins. The first
transmission to humans was in Wuhan, China. Since then,
the virus has mostly spread through person-to-person
contact.
Coronaviruses are a group of viruses that can cause disease
in both animals and humans. The severe acute respiratory
syndrome (SARS) virus strain known as SARS-CoV is an
example of a coronavirus. SARS spread rapidly in 2002–
2003
1

3. The new strain of coronavirus is called severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The
virus causes coronavirus disease 19 (COVID- 19).
Around 80%Trusted Source of people with COVID-19
recover without specialist treatment. These people may
experience mild, flu-like symptoms. However, 1 in 6
people trusted Source may experience severe symptoms,
such as trouble breathing.
The new coronavirus has spread rapidly in many parts of
the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health
Organization (WHO)Trusted Source declared COVID19
a pandemic. A pandemic occurs when a disease that
people are not immune to spreads across large regions.
WHAT CAUSED CORONAVIRUS?
The recent outbreak began in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei
province of China. Reports of the first COVID- 19 cases
started in December 2019.
Coronaviruses are common in certain species of animals,
such as cattle and camels. Although the transmission of
coronaviruses from animals to humans is a rare Trusted
2

4. Source, this new strain likely came from bats, though one
study suggests pangolins may be the origin.
However, it remains unclear exactly how the virus first
spread to humans.
Some reports trace the earliest cases back to a seafood
and animal market in Wuhan. It may have been from
here that SARS-CoV-2 started to spread to humans.
The CDC Trusted Source recommends that people wear
cloth face masks in public places where it is difficult to
maintain physical distancing. This will help
slow the spread of the virus from people who do not know
that they have contracted it, including those who are
asymptomatic. People should wear cloth face masks while
continuing to practice physical distancing. Note: Surgical
masks and N95 respirators must be reserved for healthcare
workers.
3

5. HOW IT SPREADS
SARS-CoV-2 spreads from person to person through close
communities.
When people with COVID-19 breathe out or cough, they
expel tiny droplets that contain the virus. These droplets can
enter the mouth or nose of someone without the virus,
causing an infection to occur.
The most common way that this illness spreads is through
close contact with someone who has the infection. Close
contact is within around 6 feetTrusted Source.
4

6. The disease is most contagious when a person’s symptoms
are at their peak. However, someone without symptoms
can spread the virus
A new study suggests that 10% of infections are from
people exhibiting no symptoms.
Droplets containing the virus can also land on nearby
surfaces or objects. Other people can pick up the virus by
touching these surfaces or objects. Infection is likely if the
person then touches their nose, eyes, or mouth.
It is important to note that COVID-19 is new, and research
is still ongoing. There may also be other ways that the new
coronavirus can spread.
5
SYMPTOMS
Common symptoms of COVID-19 include Trusted Source:
• a fever
• breathlessness

7. • a cough
• a sore throat
• a headache
• muscle pain
• chills
• new loss of taste or smell
These symptoms are likely to occur 2–14 days Trusted
Source after exposure to the virus.
PREVENTION
The best way to prevent the virus from spreading is by
avoiding close contact with people with COVID-19 and
washing their hands regularly.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC)Trusted Source recommends washing the hands
with soap and water for at least 20 seconds per time. This
is particularly important after being in public places.
When soap is not available, use a hand sanitizer with at
least 60%Trusted Source alcohol. Avoid touching the face
before washing the hands.
6

8. Governments, public bodies, and other organizations are
also taking measures to prevent the spread of SARSCoV-
2.
People with COVID-19 should stay at home and avoid
contact with other people to prevent the illness from
spreading. Keep surrounding surfaces as clean as possible
and avoid sharing household items.
This is the mask (N95) which are advisable by the doctor to
use.
OUTLOOK
Most people who develop COVID-19 only experience
mild symptoms. These symptoms may build up slowly and
should go away after a few days.
7

9. It is important for anyone who may have COVID-19 to
contact their healthcare provider. For those with mild
symptoms, call a doctor over the phone for medical advice.
It is to contact the emergency services if any of the
following symptoms occur:
• difficulty breathing
• lasting chest pain or pressure
• confusion
• a bluish tint to the lips or face
Everyone with COVID-19 dies
This is false. As we explain above, COVID-19 is
fatal for a small percentage of people who develop
the illness.
8

10. The WHO has reported that around 80%Trusted Source of
people with COVID-19 experience a relative form of the
illness and do not need special treatment in a hospital.
Mild symptoms may
include a fever, a cough, a sore throat, tiredness, and
shortness of breath.
Also, many people with the underlying infection
experience no symptoms.
COVID – 19 VACCINATION IN INDIA
India began the administration of
COVID- 19 vaccines on 16 January 2021 (146 days ago).
As of 10 June 2021, India has administered 246,085,649
doses overall, including first and second doses of the
currently-approved vaccines.
9

11. Two vaccines received approval for emergency use in
India at the onset of the program; Covishield—a brand of
the Oxford–AstraZeneca
vaccine manufactured by the Serum Institute of India, and
Covaxin, which was developed by Bharat Biotech.
In April 2021, the Indian government approved the
Russian Sputnik V vaccine (which is distributed locally
by Dr. Reddy's Laboratories) as a third vaccine, which
began use in May 2021.
Vaccination program
Graph of cumulative doses administered across the
country
Total vaccination doses administered across the
country. vaccinated (1st dose only).
Fully vaccinated.
10

12. Graph of daily doses administered across the
country
Daily vaccinations (1st dose only)
Daily vaccinations (2nd dose only)
11

13. COVAXIN
12

14. COVISHIELD
SPUTNIK
These are the 3 vaccines that we are using now in India.
13

15. CONCLUSION
The novel coronavirus spread so rapidly that it has
changed the rhythm of the globe. Whether from the
perspective of a single country or multilateral level, the
solidity of international relations has been put under test.
The most obvious consequences include economic
recession, a crisis of global governance, trade
protectionism, and increasingly isolationist sentiment.
People-to-people, cultural and travel exchanges have all
been restricted. Nonetheless, this is just the tip of the
iceberg.
After we overcome the pandemic, A new variant of covid
is arising each time like delta and omicron variant. But
The achievements people have made in technology,
intelligence, and transportation make them both
physically and psychologically globalized.
14

16. BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1189830.shtml
2. https://www.bharatbiotech.com/covaxin.html
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderna_COVID-
19_vaccine
5. https://www.who.int/health-
topics/coronavirus/origins-of-the-virus
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