Transparency International (TI) publishes the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) since 1995, annually ranking countries "by their perceived levels of corruption, as determined by expert assessments and opinion surveys." The CPI generally defines corruption as "the misuse of public power for private benefit." In this presentation we have analyzed the similarities amongst the lowest corrupt countries as well as highest corrupt countries.

1. Corruption Perception Index

2. Corruption Perception Index
1. The Corruption
Perceptions Index
measures the perceived
levels of public sector
corruption worldwide.
2. This index is computed
by an international non
governmental
organization called
Transparency
International,
headquartered in
Germany.
3. The CPI generally
defines corruption as
"the misuse of public power
for private benefit.”
4. The CPI currently ranks
177 countries "on a scale
from 100 (very clean) to 0
(highly corrupt).

3. Data Methodology
Selection of data
sources
1. Reliable data collection and methodology from a credible institution
2.Data addresses corruption in the public sector
3.Quantitative granularity
4.Cross country comparability
5. Multi-year data set
Standardise data
sources
To a scale of 0 (highest perceived corruption) to 100 (lowest
perceived corruption)
For a country or territory to be included in the CPI, minimum of 3
sources must assess that country.
A country’s CPI score is calculated as the average of all standardised
scores available for that country. Scores are rounded to whole numbers.
Calculating the
average
Report a certain
uncertainty
The CPI is accompanied by a standard error and confidence
interval associated with the score, which capture the variation
in scores of the data sources available for that country/
territory.

4. To a scale of 0 (highest perceived corruption) to 100 (lowest
perceived corruption)
Calculating the
average
Report a certain
uncertainty
CPI Rankings 2014

5. To a scale of 0 (highest perceived corruption) to 100 (lowest
perceived corruption)
Calculating the
average
Report a certain
uncertainty
CPI Rankings 2014: Result

6. To a scale of 0 (highest perceived corruption) to 100 (lowest
perceived corruption)
Calculating the
average
Report a certain
uncertainty
CPI Rankings 2014: Result

7. To a scale of 0 (highest perceived corruption) to 100 (lowest
perceived corruption)
Calculating the
average
Report a certain
uncertainty
Analysis: Highest CPI Ranking Countries
Country ScoreRanking
1
2
3
4
5
Denmark
New Zealand
Finland
Sweden
Norway
92
91
89
87
86

8. To a scale of 0 (highest perceived corruption) to 100 (lowest
perceived corruption)
Calculating the
Report a certain
uncertainty
Analysis: Highest CPI Ranking Countries
Denmark New Zealand Finland
1. Strong rule of law
2. Immense support for civil
society
3. Clear rules governing the
behaviour of those in public
positions
4. Set an example when
recently announced plans
to create a public
register including beneficial
ownership information of
all companies incorporated
in Denmark
1. Historic leadership in
human rights such as
universal suffrage since
1893
2. Merit-based public
service originating with the
Public Service Act 1912.
3. The strong role played by
the Ombudsman and
Auditor General
4. Strong and enforceable
code of law
5. Well educated population
1. Corruption cases carry penalties
of up to 4 years’ imprisonment.
2. Guidelines for civil
servants regarding gifts, benefits
and hospitality. MPs are not
allowed to keep gifts exceeding
a value of EUR 100.
3. Political Parties Act requires
candidates and parties to report
campaign donations exceeding
EUR 800 in local elections, and
EUR 1,500 in parliamentary
elections.

9. To a scale of 0 (highest perceived corruption) to 100 (lowest
perceived corruption)
Calculating the
Report a certain
uncertainty
Analysis: Highest CPI Ranking Countries
Sweden Norway
1. Cash payments to public officials
may objectively be seen as
improper due to the nature of the
benefit (cash) and the position of
the receiver (public official).
2. The Swedish Prosecution
Authority has jurisdiction to
prosecute corruption cases,
which are processed and
executed by prosecutors at the
National Anti-Corruption Unit of
the Prosecution Authority.
1. The Norwegian Penal Code criminalises
active & passive bribery, trading in
influence, fraud, extortion, breach of trust
and money laundering.
2. Applies to anyone registered in Norway,
and carries penalties of up to 10 years’
imprisonment, even if the act is committed
abroad.
3. Law enforcement activities and the legal
framework for combating corruption are
considered very strong.
4. Norway’s economic crime-fighting unit, has
proven itself effective in investigating and
prosecuting corruption in Norway and
abroad.

10. To a scale of 0 (highest perceived corruption) to 100 (lowest
perceived corruption)
Calculating the
Similarities: Highest CPI Ranking Countries
1. In these countries, beside law enforcement,
there is a broad consensus that fighting
corruption involves public participation and
transparency mechanisms such as disclosure of
information.
2. Freedom of the press is positively correlated
with control of corruption in well established
democracies.
3. Finland, Denmark, Sweden and New Zealand
have high GDP per capita, low inequality rates,
literacy rates close to 100 %, and
prioritise human right issues.
What worked against corruption?
• Disclosure of budget information closes the
door to waste and misappropriation of public
funds.
• Codes of conduct for public servants.
• Legal framework criminalising a wide range of
corruption related abuses and an independent
and efficient judiciary.

11. To a scale of 0 (highest perceived corruption) to 100 (lowest
perceived corruption)
Calculating the
average
Report a certain
uncertainty
Analysis: Lowest CPI Ranking Countries
Country ScoreRanking
174
174
173
172
171
North Korea
Somalia
Sudan
Afghanistan
South Sudan
8
8
11
12
15

12. Analysis: Lowest CPI Ranking Countries
North Korea
1. The statement by State media
admits to corruption, mentions
bribery, deviation of materials,
selling resources and land,
securing funds and
squandering money for private
use by organizations under his
control.
2. Present situation can be traced
to the collapse of the economy
in 1990s, when government no
longer had the resources to
reward the zeal of the faithful
Somalia Sudan
1. Widespread misuse of state
resources and disregard for ethical
conduct by public office holders.
2. Nepotistic job culture, poor book and
record keeping and unclear internal
procedures and regulations
3. Unethical conducts and misuse of
resources
4. A 2012 report by the UN Monitoring
Group on Somalia and Eritrea
(SEMG) submitted to the UN
Security Council alleged that between
2009 and 2010, around 70% of
funds earmarked for development in
Somalia were unaccounted for.
1. Public servants demand bribes for
services that individuals or companies
are legally entitled to.
2. Government officials are frequently
involved in corrupt practices, for
officials suspected of corruption are
not investigated.
3. The lack of transparency in Sudan
retains the status quo both due to a
weak administrative setup, allowing
for poor record-keeping and lax
budget handling, and due to the
absence of legislation providing public
access to government information.

13. Analysis: Lowest CPI Ranking Countries
Afghanistan
1. Form of demanding and offering
bribes, both in the private and
public sectors
2. Other major forms of corruption,
including nepotism, graft, and
illegal land transfers.
3. The US Special Inspector
General for Afghan
Reconstruction (SIGAR) has
estimated that over half of the
nation's annual customs revenue
is lost to graft.
4. Recent major corrupt cases was
the 2010-13 Kabul Bank financial
scandal
South Sudan
1. Judicial system inefficient, plagued
by corruption and a culture of
impunity.
2. Accordingly, South Sudan's
primary corruption legislation,
the Southern Sudan Anti-
Corruption Commission
Act 2009 and the South Sudan
Penal Code Act 2008, despite
covering a range of corruption
offences, are not adequately
enforced.
3. In 2012, an estimated $4 billion
were unaccounted for.

14. Similarities: Lowest CPI Ranking Countries
1. Unstable security situations, violence and
armed conflicts have facilitated the spread
of illicit flows and corrupt practices.
2. Abuse of authority by political elites in the
region who operate with startling levels of
impunity. Safeguarded their personal
interests through undue influence
and networks of patronage.
3. Lags behind in terms of key robust laws
that can have a significant impact on improving
integrity, transparency and accountability
4. Lack of important laws that give the public
the opportunity to monitor how their money is
spent.

15. Conclusion
1. There are visible
converging trends when
analysed, in cases of both,
highest perceived corrupt
countries, and a similar
trend among the lowest
perceived corrupt
countries.
2.Citizens of highly corrupt
countries must question
their governments for
transparency,
accountability
measures
3. Countries at the
bottom of the index need
to adopt radical anti-
corruption measures
4. Countries at the top of
the index should make
sure they don’t export
corrupt practices to
underdeveloped nations.

16. The duty of youth is to
challenge CORRUPTION
Prateek Kathuria: 157002
Chhavi Rahul: 157009
Aishwarya Raj Khanna:157016
Kshitiz Singhal: 157024
Shubham Thukral: 157033
Ritika Puria: 157040
Simranmeet Singh: 157045