The document discusses the roles and responsibilities of corporate boards and top management. It states that boards are responsible for setting strategy, hiring and firing the CEO, monitoring management, and representing shareholder interests. Top management, led by the CEO, is responsible for executing strategy and providing leadership. The document also discusses trends like increasing pressure from institutional investors and demands for more stock ownership from directors and managers.
BUS 499, Week 8 Corporate Governance Slide #TopicNarration.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS 499, Week 8: Corporate Governance
Slide #
Topic
Narration
1
Introduction
Welcome to Senior Seminar in Business Administration.
In this lesson we will discuss Corporate Governance.
Please go to the next slide.
2
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions.
Please go to the next slide.
3
Supporting Topics
In order to achieve these objectives, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Separation of ownership and managerial control;
Ownership concentration;
Board of directors;
Market for corporate control;
International corporate governance; and
Governance mechanisms and ethical behavior.
Please go to the next slide.
4
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
To start off the lesson, corporate governance is defined as a set of mechanisms used to manage the relationship among stakeholders and to determine and control the strategic direction and performance of organizations. Corporate governance is concerned with identifying ways to ensure that decisionsare made effectively and that they facilitate strategic competitiveness. Another way to think of governance is to establish and maintain harmony between parties.
Traditionally, U. S. firms were managed by founder- owners and their descendants. As firms became larger the managerial revolution led to a separation of ownership and control in most large corporations. This control of the firm shifted from entrepreneurs to professional managers while ownership became dispersed among unorganized stockholders. Due to these changes modern public corporation was created and was based on the efficient separation of ownership and managerial control.
The separation of ownership and managerial control allows shareholders to purchase stock. This in turn entitles them to income from the firm’s operations after paying expenses. This requires that shareholders take a risk that the firm’s expenses may exceed its revenues.
Shareholders specialize in managing their investment risk. Those managing small firms also own a significant percentage of the firm and there is often less separation between ownership and managerial control. Meanwhile, in a large number of family owned firms, ownership and managerial control are not separated at all. The primary purpose of most large family firms is to increase the family’s wealth.
The separation between owners and managers creates an agencyrelationship. An agency relationship exists when one or more persons hire another person or persons as decision- making specialists to perform a service. As a result an agency relationship exists when one party delegates decision- making responsibility to a second party for compensation. Other examples of agency relationships are consultants and clients and insured and insurer. An agency relationship can also exist between managers and their employees, as well as between top- level managers and the firm’s owners.
The sep.
BUS 499, Week 8 Corporate Governance Slide #TopicNarrationVannaSchrader3
BUS 499, Week 8: Corporate Governance
Slide #
Topic
Narration
1
Introduction
Welcome to Senior Seminar in Business Administration.
In this lesson we will discuss Corporate Governance.
Please go to the next slide.
2
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions.
Please go to the next slide.
3
Supporting Topics
In order to achieve these objectives, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Separation of ownership and managerial control;
Ownership concentration;
Board of directors;
Market for corporate control;
International corporate governance; and
Governance mechanisms and ethical behavior.
Please go to the next slide.
4
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
To start off the lesson, corporate governance is defined as a set of mechanisms used to manage the relationship among stakeholders and to determine and control the strategic direction and performance of organizations. Corporate governance is concerned with identifying ways to ensure that decisionsare made effectively and that they facilitate strategic competitiveness. Another way to think of governance is to establish and maintain harmony between parties.
Traditionally, U. S. firms were managed by founder- owners and their descendants. As firms became larger the managerial revolution led to a separation of ownership and control in most large corporations. This control of the firm shifted from entrepreneurs to professional managers while ownership became dispersed among unorganized stockholders. Due to these changes modern public corporation was created and was based on the efficient separation of ownership and managerial control.
The separation of ownership and managerial control allows shareholders to purchase stock. This in turn entitles them to income from the firm’s operations after paying expenses. This requires that shareholders take a risk that the firm’s expenses may exceed its revenues.
Shareholders specialize in managing their investment risk. Those managing small firms also own a significant percentage of the firm and there is often less separation between ownership and managerial control. Meanwhile, in a large number of family owned firms, ownership and managerial control are not separated at all. The primary purpose of most large family firms is to increase the family’s wealth.
The separation between owners and managers creates an agencyrelationship. An agency relationship exists when one or more persons hire another person or persons as decision- making specialists to perform a service. As a result an agency relationship exists when one party delegates decision- making responsibility to a second party for compensation. Other examples of agency relationships are consultants and clients and insured and insurer. An agency relationship can also exist between managers and their employees, as well as between top- level managers and the firm’s owners.
The sep ...
Home Learning Week 81.) What is Corporate Social ResponsibilitSusanaFurman449
Home Learning Week 8
1.) What is Corporate Social Responsibility and why are companies engaged in it?
2.) Discuss the evolving phases of Corporate Social Responsibility
3.) Describe Carroll’s four-part definition of CSR and contrast it to Firedman’s “the business of business is business”
4.) Discuss why companies are engaged in Corporate Social Reporting
Senior Seminar in Business Administration
BUS 499
Corporate Governance
Welcome to Senior Seminar in Business Administration.
In this lesson we will discuss Corporate Governance.
Please go to the next slide.
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions.
Please go to the next slide.
Supporting Topics
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
Ownership Concentration
Board of Directors
Market for Corporate Control
International Corporate Governance
Governance Mechanisms and Ethical Behavior
In order to achieve these objectives, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Separation of ownership and managerial control;
Ownership concentration;
Board of directors;
Market for corporate control;
International corporate governance; and
Governance mechanisms and ethical behavior.
Please go to the next slide.
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
What is Corporate Governance
Shareholders
Purchase stock
Managing of their investment risk
Agency Relationships
Problems
Different interests and goals
Managerial Opportunism
Agency Costs
To start off the lesson, corporate governance is defined as a set of mechanisms used to manage the relationship among stakeholders and to determine and control the strategic direction and performance of organizations. Corporate governance is concerned with identifying ways to ensure that decisions are made effectively and that they facilitate strategic competitiveness. Another way to think of governance is to establish and maintain harmony between parties.
Traditionally, U. S. firms were managed by founder- owners and their descendants. As firms became larger the managerial revolution led to a separation of ownership and control in most large corporations. This control of the firm shifted from entrepreneurs to professional managers while ownership became dispersed among unorganized stockholders. Due to these changes modern public corporation was created and was based on the efficient separation of ownership and managerial control.
The separation of ownership and managerial control allows shareholders to purchase stock. This in turn entitles them to income from the firm’s operations after paying expenses. This requires that shareholders take a risk that the firm’s expenses may exceed its revenues.
Shareholders specialize in managing their investment risk. Those managing small firms also own a significant percentage ...
BUS 499, Week 8 Corporate Governance Slide #TopicNarration.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS 499, Week 8: Corporate Governance
Slide #
Topic
Narration
1
Introduction
Welcome to Senior Seminar in Business Administration.
In this lesson we will discuss Corporate Governance.
Please go to the next slide.
2
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions.
Please go to the next slide.
3
Supporting Topics
In order to achieve these objectives, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Separation of ownership and managerial control;
Ownership concentration;
Board of directors;
Market for corporate control;
International corporate governance; and
Governance mechanisms and ethical behavior.
Please go to the next slide.
4
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
To start off the lesson, corporate governance is defined as a set of mechanisms used to manage the relationship among stakeholders and to determine and control the strategic direction and performance of organizations. Corporate governance is concerned with identifying ways to ensure that decisionsare made effectively and that they facilitate strategic competitiveness. Another way to think of governance is to establish and maintain harmony between parties.
Traditionally, U. S. firms were managed by founder- owners and their descendants. As firms became larger the managerial revolution led to a separation of ownership and control in most large corporations. This control of the firm shifted from entrepreneurs to professional managers while ownership became dispersed among unorganized stockholders. Due to these changes modern public corporation was created and was based on the efficient separation of ownership and managerial control.
The separation of ownership and managerial control allows shareholders to purchase stock. This in turn entitles them to income from the firm’s operations after paying expenses. This requires that shareholders take a risk that the firm’s expenses may exceed its revenues.
Shareholders specialize in managing their investment risk. Those managing small firms also own a significant percentage of the firm and there is often less separation between ownership and managerial control. Meanwhile, in a large number of family owned firms, ownership and managerial control are not separated at all. The primary purpose of most large family firms is to increase the family’s wealth.
The separation between owners and managers creates an agencyrelationship. An agency relationship exists when one or more persons hire another person or persons as decision- making specialists to perform a service. As a result an agency relationship exists when one party delegates decision- making responsibility to a second party for compensation. Other examples of agency relationships are consultants and clients and insured and insurer. An agency relationship can also exist between managers and their employees, as well as between top- level managers and the firm’s owners.
The sep.
BUS 499, Week 8 Corporate Governance Slide #TopicNarrationVannaSchrader3
BUS 499, Week 8: Corporate Governance
Slide #
Topic
Narration
1
Introduction
Welcome to Senior Seminar in Business Administration.
In this lesson we will discuss Corporate Governance.
Please go to the next slide.
2
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions.
Please go to the next slide.
3
Supporting Topics
In order to achieve these objectives, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Separation of ownership and managerial control;
Ownership concentration;
Board of directors;
Market for corporate control;
International corporate governance; and
Governance mechanisms and ethical behavior.
Please go to the next slide.
4
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
To start off the lesson, corporate governance is defined as a set of mechanisms used to manage the relationship among stakeholders and to determine and control the strategic direction and performance of organizations. Corporate governance is concerned with identifying ways to ensure that decisionsare made effectively and that they facilitate strategic competitiveness. Another way to think of governance is to establish and maintain harmony between parties.
Traditionally, U. S. firms were managed by founder- owners and their descendants. As firms became larger the managerial revolution led to a separation of ownership and control in most large corporations. This control of the firm shifted from entrepreneurs to professional managers while ownership became dispersed among unorganized stockholders. Due to these changes modern public corporation was created and was based on the efficient separation of ownership and managerial control.
The separation of ownership and managerial control allows shareholders to purchase stock. This in turn entitles them to income from the firm’s operations after paying expenses. This requires that shareholders take a risk that the firm’s expenses may exceed its revenues.
Shareholders specialize in managing their investment risk. Those managing small firms also own a significant percentage of the firm and there is often less separation between ownership and managerial control. Meanwhile, in a large number of family owned firms, ownership and managerial control are not separated at all. The primary purpose of most large family firms is to increase the family’s wealth.
The separation between owners and managers creates an agencyrelationship. An agency relationship exists when one or more persons hire another person or persons as decision- making specialists to perform a service. As a result an agency relationship exists when one party delegates decision- making responsibility to a second party for compensation. Other examples of agency relationships are consultants and clients and insured and insurer. An agency relationship can also exist between managers and their employees, as well as between top- level managers and the firm’s owners.
The sep ...
Home Learning Week 81.) What is Corporate Social ResponsibilitSusanaFurman449
Home Learning Week 8
1.) What is Corporate Social Responsibility and why are companies engaged in it?
2.) Discuss the evolving phases of Corporate Social Responsibility
3.) Describe Carroll’s four-part definition of CSR and contrast it to Firedman’s “the business of business is business”
4.) Discuss why companies are engaged in Corporate Social Reporting
Senior Seminar in Business Administration
BUS 499
Corporate Governance
Welcome to Senior Seminar in Business Administration.
In this lesson we will discuss Corporate Governance.
Please go to the next slide.
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions.
Please go to the next slide.
Supporting Topics
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
Ownership Concentration
Board of Directors
Market for Corporate Control
International Corporate Governance
Governance Mechanisms and Ethical Behavior
In order to achieve these objectives, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Separation of ownership and managerial control;
Ownership concentration;
Board of directors;
Market for corporate control;
International corporate governance; and
Governance mechanisms and ethical behavior.
Please go to the next slide.
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
What is Corporate Governance
Shareholders
Purchase stock
Managing of their investment risk
Agency Relationships
Problems
Different interests and goals
Managerial Opportunism
Agency Costs
To start off the lesson, corporate governance is defined as a set of mechanisms used to manage the relationship among stakeholders and to determine and control the strategic direction and performance of organizations. Corporate governance is concerned with identifying ways to ensure that decisions are made effectively and that they facilitate strategic competitiveness. Another way to think of governance is to establish and maintain harmony between parties.
Traditionally, U. S. firms were managed by founder- owners and their descendants. As firms became larger the managerial revolution led to a separation of ownership and control in most large corporations. This control of the firm shifted from entrepreneurs to professional managers while ownership became dispersed among unorganized stockholders. Due to these changes modern public corporation was created and was based on the efficient separation of ownership and managerial control.
The separation of ownership and managerial control allows shareholders to purchase stock. This in turn entitles them to income from the firm’s operations after paying expenses. This requires that shareholders take a risk that the firm’s expenses may exceed its revenues.
Shareholders specialize in managing their investment risk. Those managing small firms also own a significant percentage ...
Corporate Governance a Balanced Scorecard approach with KPIs between BOD, Exe...Chris Rigatuso
This paper, from 2003, during my time at Oracle, was an early attempt to define metrics for inducing accountability between BOD, executives, and operating management of corporations. It's geared to large companies, but the lessons are broadly appreciable. It was published in CFO Reviews by Anderson Consulting, and other places. It predates the SOX Sarbanes Oxley laws that were a result of the Enron Scandal.
Senior Seminar in Business Administration BUS 499Corporate.docxedgar6wallace88877
Senior Seminar in Business Administration
BUS 499
Corporate Governance
Welcome to Senior Seminar in Business Administration.
In this lesson we will discuss Corporate Governance.
Please go to the next slide.
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions.
Please go to the next slide.
Supporting Topics
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
Ownership Concentration
Board of Directors
Market for Corporate Control
International Corporate Governance
Governance Mechanisms and Ethical Behavior
In order to achieve these objectives, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Separation of ownership and managerial control;
Ownership concentration;
Board of directors;
Market for corporate control;
International corporate governance; and
Governance mechanisms and ethical behavior.
Please go to the next slide.
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
What is Corporate Governance
Shareholders
Purchase stock
Managing of their investment risk
Agency Relationships
Problems
Different interests and goals
Managerial Opportunism
Agency Costs
To start off the lesson, corporate governance is defined as a set of mechanisms used to manage the relationship among stakeholders and to determine and control the strategic direction and performance of organizations. Corporate governance is concerned with identifying ways to ensure that decisions are made effectively and that they facilitate strategic competitiveness. Another way to think of governance is to establish and maintain harmony between parties.
Traditionally, U. S. firms were managed by founder- owners and their descendants. As firms became larger the managerial revolution led to a separation of ownership and control in most large corporations. This control of the firm shifted from entrepreneurs to professional managers while ownership became dispersed among unorganized stockholders. Due to these changes modern public corporation was created and was based on the efficient separation of ownership and managerial control.
The separation of ownership and managerial control allows shareholders to purchase stock. This in turn entitles them to income from the firm’s operations after paying expenses. This requires that shareholders take a risk that the firm’s expenses may exceed its revenues.
Shareholders specialize in managing their investment risk. Those managing small firms also own a significant percentage of the firm and there is often less separation between ownership and managerial control. Meanwhile, in a large number of family owned firms, ownership and managerial control are not separated at all. The primary purpose of most large family firms is to increase the family’s wealth.
The separation between owners and managers creates an agency relationship. An agency re.
Internal and external institutions and influences of corporateGrace Fatima Abelida
Corporate governance refers to the mechanisms, relations, and processes by which a corporation is controlled and is directed. It involves balancing the many interests of the stakeholders of a corporation. Thus, it is important to know and determine what are the internal and external institutions and influences of a corporate governance.
Ed Jiminez from the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas speaks about the role Governance plays in Microfinance Institutions (Jan 29, PACAP Community Development Forum: Microfinance Amidst the Global Financial Crisis.
Role of board of directors -Corporate GovernanceRehan Ehsan
This Presentation states the role of board of directors in respect of corporate governance of Pakistan. Reviewing this clear the concept of their legal role in Pakistan.
In the year 2002, Warren Buffett made an admission that he had not been as vigilant as he should have been in his role as Director of the various subsidiaries of his holding company, Berkshire Hathaway. In a letter to the shareholders he wrote “ Too often I was silent when management made proposals that I judged to be counter to the interest of the shareholders. In those cases, collegiality trumped independence and a certain social atmosphere presides in boardrooms where it becomes impolitic to challenge the Chief Executive.
Kevin Sharer, Chairman of Amgen, the US biotech company, portrayed a very different relationship between board and chief executive. “ Working with the board is vital, complex, and beyond your prior experience. It is among the most complex human relationships, especially if you are the chairman, when you are their boss, and they are your boss. Get the relationship right or it will hurt you.
These two very different experiences open a new book, Boards that Lead- When to take charge, When to Partner and When to stay out of the way. The central premise of the books is a plea. “ Governing boards should take more active leadership of the enterprises, not just monitor its management?
The growing complexity of markets and strategy, the authors say, is one of the biggest challenges for board members. It also means that they cannot afford to sit back and rubber stamp executive’s plans.
Boards often fail to do their job, they point out, for example failing to do their due diligence. They cite the example of Yahoo’s Chief Executive Scott Thompson. After a few months in the post, it was discovered that he had listed a degree in both accounting and computer science, but had actually earned only the first.
A good book to read move from Delivering to Leading.
Happy Reading
Corporate Governance a Balanced Scorecard approach with KPIs between BOD, Exe...Chris Rigatuso
This paper, from 2003, during my time at Oracle, was an early attempt to define metrics for inducing accountability between BOD, executives, and operating management of corporations. It's geared to large companies, but the lessons are broadly appreciable. It was published in CFO Reviews by Anderson Consulting, and other places. It predates the SOX Sarbanes Oxley laws that were a result of the Enron Scandal.
Senior Seminar in Business Administration BUS 499Corporate.docxedgar6wallace88877
Senior Seminar in Business Administration
BUS 499
Corporate Governance
Welcome to Senior Seminar in Business Administration.
In this lesson we will discuss Corporate Governance.
Please go to the next slide.
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions.
Please go to the next slide.
Supporting Topics
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
Ownership Concentration
Board of Directors
Market for Corporate Control
International Corporate Governance
Governance Mechanisms and Ethical Behavior
In order to achieve these objectives, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Separation of ownership and managerial control;
Ownership concentration;
Board of directors;
Market for corporate control;
International corporate governance; and
Governance mechanisms and ethical behavior.
Please go to the next slide.
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
What is Corporate Governance
Shareholders
Purchase stock
Managing of their investment risk
Agency Relationships
Problems
Different interests and goals
Managerial Opportunism
Agency Costs
To start off the lesson, corporate governance is defined as a set of mechanisms used to manage the relationship among stakeholders and to determine and control the strategic direction and performance of organizations. Corporate governance is concerned with identifying ways to ensure that decisions are made effectively and that they facilitate strategic competitiveness. Another way to think of governance is to establish and maintain harmony between parties.
Traditionally, U. S. firms were managed by founder- owners and their descendants. As firms became larger the managerial revolution led to a separation of ownership and control in most large corporations. This control of the firm shifted from entrepreneurs to professional managers while ownership became dispersed among unorganized stockholders. Due to these changes modern public corporation was created and was based on the efficient separation of ownership and managerial control.
The separation of ownership and managerial control allows shareholders to purchase stock. This in turn entitles them to income from the firm’s operations after paying expenses. This requires that shareholders take a risk that the firm’s expenses may exceed its revenues.
Shareholders specialize in managing their investment risk. Those managing small firms also own a significant percentage of the firm and there is often less separation between ownership and managerial control. Meanwhile, in a large number of family owned firms, ownership and managerial control are not separated at all. The primary purpose of most large family firms is to increase the family’s wealth.
The separation between owners and managers creates an agency relationship. An agency re.
Internal and external institutions and influences of corporateGrace Fatima Abelida
Corporate governance refers to the mechanisms, relations, and processes by which a corporation is controlled and is directed. It involves balancing the many interests of the stakeholders of a corporation. Thus, it is important to know and determine what are the internal and external institutions and influences of a corporate governance.
Ed Jiminez from the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas speaks about the role Governance plays in Microfinance Institutions (Jan 29, PACAP Community Development Forum: Microfinance Amidst the Global Financial Crisis.
Role of board of directors -Corporate GovernanceRehan Ehsan
This Presentation states the role of board of directors in respect of corporate governance of Pakistan. Reviewing this clear the concept of their legal role in Pakistan.
In the year 2002, Warren Buffett made an admission that he had not been as vigilant as he should have been in his role as Director of the various subsidiaries of his holding company, Berkshire Hathaway. In a letter to the shareholders he wrote “ Too often I was silent when management made proposals that I judged to be counter to the interest of the shareholders. In those cases, collegiality trumped independence and a certain social atmosphere presides in boardrooms where it becomes impolitic to challenge the Chief Executive.
Kevin Sharer, Chairman of Amgen, the US biotech company, portrayed a very different relationship between board and chief executive. “ Working with the board is vital, complex, and beyond your prior experience. It is among the most complex human relationships, especially if you are the chairman, when you are their boss, and they are your boss. Get the relationship right or it will hurt you.
These two very different experiences open a new book, Boards that Lead- When to take charge, When to Partner and When to stay out of the way. The central premise of the books is a plea. “ Governing boards should take more active leadership of the enterprises, not just monitor its management?
The growing complexity of markets and strategy, the authors say, is one of the biggest challenges for board members. It also means that they cannot afford to sit back and rubber stamp executive’s plans.
Boards often fail to do their job, they point out, for example failing to do their due diligence. They cite the example of Yahoo’s Chief Executive Scott Thompson. After a few months in the post, it was discovered that he had listed a degree in both accounting and computer science, but had actually earned only the first.
A good book to read move from Delivering to Leading.
Happy Reading
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2. Corporation is a mechanism established to allow different parties to contribute
capital, enterprise, and labor for their mutual benefit. The investor/shareholder
participates in the profits of enterprise without taking responsibility for the
operation.
3. Setting corporate strategy, overall direction, mission or vision
Hiring and firing CEO and top management
Controlling, monitoring, or supervising top management
Reviewing and approving the use of resources
Caring for shareholder interest
4. Monitor , board can keep abreast of development inside and outside the corporation,
bringing to management attention developments it might have overlooked
Evaluate and influence , board can examine management’s proposals, decisions, and
actions; agree or disagree with them; give advice and offer suggestions; outline
alternatives
Initiate and determine , board can delineate a corporation’s mission and specify strategic
options to its management
5. The boards of most publicly owned corporations are composed of both inside and
outside directors
Inside Directors are typically officer or executives employed by the corporation
Outside Directors may be executives employed by the corporation
Outside directors are less effective than are insiders because the outsiders are less
likely to have the necessary interest, availability, or competency.
There are several outsider that considered more as insider than as outsider, for
example:
Affiliated directors who, though not really employed by the corporation, handle the
legal or insurance work for the company
Retired directors who used to work for the company, such as the past CEO
Family directors who are descendants of the founder and own significant blocks of
stock
6. Interlocking directorates occurs when two firms share a
director or when an executives of one firm sits on board of
a second firm. An indirect interlock occurs when two
corporations have directors who also serve on the board of
a third firm, such as bank
7. Traditionally the CEO of the corporation decided who to
invite to board membership and merely asked the
shareholders for approval in the annual proxy statement.
All nominees were usuakky elected
8. The size of the board is determined by the corporation’s
charter and its bylaws in compliance with state laws. The
average large, publicly-held firm has around 11 directors,
the average small/medium size privately-held company
has approximately to 8 members.
9. Some of today’s trends in governance that are likely to continue
include
Institutional investors, such as pensions funds, mutual funds and insurance
companies, are becoming active on boards and are putting increasing pressure
on top management to improve corporate performance
As corporations become more global, they will increasingly add international
directors to their boards
Shareholder are demanding that directors and top managers own more than
token amounts of stock in the corporation. Stock is increasingly being used as
part of a director’s compensation.
10. The top management function is usually conducted by the CEO of the corporation
in coordination with the COO (Chief Operating Officer) or president, executive
vice-president, and vice-presidents of divisions and functional areas.
Top management responsibilities, especially those of the CEO, involve getting
things accomplished through and with others to meet the corporate objectives. The
chief executive officer, in particular, must successfully handle two responsibilities
crucial to the effective strategic management of the corporation: (1) provide
executive leadership and a strategic vision, and (2) manage the strategic planning
process.
11. They are able to command respect and to influence strategy formulation and
implementation because they tend to have three key characteristics:
The CEO articulates a strategic vision for the corporation. The CEO envisions the
company not as it currently is, but as it can become.
The CEO presents a role for others to identify with and to follow. The leader sets an
example in terms of behavior and dress.
The CEO communicated high performance standards but also shows confidence in the
followers’ abilities to meet these standards. No leader ever improved performance by
setting easily attainable goals that provided no challenge.
12. Many large organizations have a strategic planning staff charged with supporting
both top management and the business units in the strategic planning process.
This planning staff typically consists of just under ten people, headed by a senior
vise-president or director of corporate planning. The staff’s major responsibilities
are to:
Identify and analyze companywide strategic issues, and suggest corporate strategic
alternatives to top management.
Work as facilitators with business units to guide them through the strategic planning
process.
13. The concept of social responsibility proposes that a private corporation has
responsibilities to society that extend beyond making a profit. A decision to
retrench by closing some plants and discontinuing product lines.
Economic responsibilities of a business organization’s management are to produce goods and service of
value to society so that the firm may repay its creditors and shareholders.
Legal responsibilities are defined by governments in laws that management is expected to obey.
Ethical responsibilities of an organization’s management are to follow the generally held beliefs about
behavior in a society.
Discretionary responsibilities are the purely voluntary obligations a corporation assumes.
14. Some reasons for unethical behavior
Cultural norms and values vary between countries and even between different
geographic and ethnic groups within a country. Another possible reason for what
is often perceived to be unethical behavior lies in differences in value between
business people and key stakeholders. behavior lies in differences in value
between business people and key stakeholders. Some business people may believe
profit maximization is the key goal of their firm, whereas concerned interest group
may have other priorities, such as the hiring of minorities and woman or the
safety of their neighborhoods.
15. If business people do not act ethically, government will be forced to pass laws
regulating their actions-and usually increasing their costs. For self interest, if for
no other reason, managers should be more ethical in their decision making.
Codes of ethics
Codes of ethics specify how an organization expect its employees to behave while on the
job. Developing codes of ethics can be a useful way to promote ethical behavior.
Guidelines for ethical behavior
Utilitarian approach: This approach proposes that actions and plans should be judged by
their consequences.
Individual rights approach: This approach proposes that human being have certain
fundamental rights that should be respecter in all decisions.
Justice approach: This approach proposes that decision makers be equitable, fair, and
impartial in the distribution of costs and benefits to individuals and groups.
16. The 21st century global society future in this chapter described a German-based
corporation adding non-Germans to its board of directors may need to become
more international on terms of their composition and orientation.
Although codetermination seems to be primarily a European experience, it is
likely that employees at all levels will continue to become more involved in
strategic management.
When making and approving strategic decisions, boards of directors will find that
they must consider the interest of all key stakeholders and not just those of the
people who own stock in the corporation. To avoid unwanted government
interference, boards must ensure that management’s actions do not antagonize
any important stakeholders.
17. Questions of diversity in the workplace and the human rights of employees are
beginning to impact strategic decision making. Companies such as Reebok and
Nike have been criticized for paying low wages to female workers in emerging
economies.
The ability to articulate a strategic vision and motivate people to achieve it may
soon be the most important characteristic required of a chief executive officer.
As business firms become increasingly multinational in scope, they will need to
justify strategic and operational decisions on a basis other than self-interest
through moral relativism.