Corporate Social Veil And Limited Liability

Corporate Social Veil And Limited Liability
I. Introduction
In recent times, there has been an increased incidence among large scale business organizations to structure their operations through the form of
corporate groups, with many domestic and international subsidiaries, wholly owned or otherwise, with the corporate veil ensuring that each of these
enjoy separate corporate legal personality and limited liability. The existence of these 'corporate groups', withsubsidiary companies being heavily
controlled by their parent companies, have necessitated interpretations and applications of existing corporate legal principles to this novel context,
even in case of the basic tenets of corporate law. The circumstances associated with corporate veil piercing, through detailed consideration of conditions
to treating holding and subsidiary companies as one legal unit, with associated civil liabilities, is also an issue of heated debate.
This report considers the significance and implications of the concepts of corporate legal personality, corporate veil and limited liability in the setting
of corporate groups. Additionally, there is an attempt to critically explore and evaluate the corporate civil liability of corporate groups, under the
circumstances of statutory corporate veil piercing, with specific examination of the legal principles applied by courts to justify such an action to protect
creditors.
II. Significance of Corporate Legal Personality with respect to Limited Liability in the context of Corporate Groups
The
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Petronas Social Responsibility
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is describe as a company undertake the voluntary activities to operate in an economic, social and environmentally
maintainable manner. According to the (Raman, Meenakshi.& Singh, Prakash., 2012) which describe corporate social responsibility is a perception
whereby companies integrate social and environment concerns in their business operations as well as in their interactions with their stakeholders on a
voluntary basis. Petronas's company have doing a lot of corporate social responsibility that will give benefits to the society and environment.
Firstly in 2002, Petronas was doing the school adoption programme where can be categories as a long–term integrated education programme and given
name as The Program ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Petronas wants to balance the challenging demands of its growing city population with environmental conservation, develop and now manages the
KLCC Park. Since its opening in 1988, the KLCC Park has become a popular public park and green lung providing a recreational center for the city's
residents and visitors. Located in the heart of Kuala Lumpur's commercial and business district have a 50 acre park, it is an important part of the
overall 100 acre KLCC Development. KLCC Park was developed as a tropical garden sanctuary. These was more than 1900 trees and palms
representing 66 species have been planted in the park, and each carefully opted for aboriginal relevance to the climate of Malaysia. Petronas
complemented the natural components of the park are considerately designed public facilities for visitor of all ages. These include a two acre of
playground, a children's wading pool, a jogging track, shelters, patterned footpaths, sculptures and murals, as well as basic facilities. The Park was
developed and is maintained by Petronas wholly owned subsidiary, KLCC Holdings Sdn

Disney Conglomerates
A conglomerate is a large company that owns several media products. The conglomerate I have chosen is Disney/ ABC. headquartered in Burbank,
California. It is one of the largest media conglomerates in the world in terms of revenue. Disney was founded on October 16, 1923, by Walt and Roy
Disney as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio (SEGD 2014). Widely known and bringing in a lot of revenue, this company continues to grow. TheWalt
Disney Company, also known as Disney, is a multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate. The history of Disney dates back all the way
back to 1923. The main character of this company is a mouse, Mickey Mouse. Disney is the world's largest media conglomerate, its assets include
movies, television, publishing, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are implications regarding production and distribution of media content to a public audience. "In the media, as in any industry, big corporations
play a vital role, but so do small, emerging ones. When you lose small businesses, you lose big ideas. People who own their own businesses are their
own bosses. They are independent thinkers. They know they can't compete by imitating the big guys–they have to in– novate, so they're less obsessed
with earnings than they are with ideas. They are quicker to seize on new technologies and new product ideas. They steal market share from the big
companies, spurring them to adopt new approaches. This process promotes competition, which leads to higher product and service quality, more
jobs, and greater wealth. It's called capitalism" (Ted Turner). "Today, the only way for media companies to survive is to own everything up and down
the media chain" (Ted Turner). I believe that conglomerates thrive better when they aren't in the hands of many, because the idea of the company can
get changed into something it was not intended to be. With more people in the ownership, ideas can flow and possibly broaden the company, but I feel
that too many people are unnecessary. In the sense of large companies, many advisors may be needed. "The

The Conglomerates : The Disney Company
Deconstructing the Conglomerates: The Walt Disney Company I will be deconstructing The Walt Disney Conglomerate, a well
–known multinational
mass media entertainment company headed by the Walt Disney Studios in California. Many consumers blindly watch television and listen to music
without truly knowing much more about the companies that own them. This is why I have chosen to write about The Walt Disney Company and its
many subsidiaries. The Walt Disney Company is a successful conglomerate that has made itself well known across the world, and has many profitable
branches, while maintaining its individuality. The Walt Disney Company (often referred to as Disney), is a giant organization that controls a
considerable portion of the entertainment business. Disney is the largest single–site employer in the United States. Disney currently employs more than
66,000 cast members, and has more than 3,700 job classifications (Barthe, Sebastien). The Walt Disney Corporation has an expansive amount of assets,
their total assets containing a worth of approximately 74.9 billion US dollars (Silverman, Matt). However, Disney wasn't always this massive, giant
media conglomerate that we know and love today. No, The Walt Disney Company began in 1929, as Walt Disney Productions–– a year after the first
Mickey Mouse debut in the animated film, Steamboat Willie (Spayd, Elizabeth). The company was started by the Disney brothers, along with a small
handful of animators and employees. In the years

Relationship Between Holding Companies and Subsidiaries...
Project–Corporate Law–I
Relationship Between holding Companies and subsidiaries and the concept of piercing the corporate veil in the light of recent Vodafone 's decision and
Finance Act 2012
Submitted to– Dr Kiran Kori Faculty–Corporate Law
Submitted by–Prarthna Baranwal Semester–V Section–A Roll No.–92
HIDAYATULLAH NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY, RAIPUR CHHATTISGARH
1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to our respected faculty Kiran Kori Ma'am for giving me such a relevant and
informative topic for the project and for her continuous guidance and support. My sincere thanks to my parents for their immense help and cooperation.
Last but not the least my humble thanks to Almighty who continues to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The concurring judgment of 2:1 was pronounced by the SC on 20th January, 2012. The decision has been widely discussed because of interesting
point of law and huge revenue involved of Rs. 11,000 ( plus ) Crores for the Government of India. The loss of revenue is not limited only to
Government 's losing the Vodafone 's case, the stand of the Govt. has weakened in other similar cases. The legal issue related to the interpretation of
provisions of section 9 of the Income–tax Act, 1961 (Act), read with section 5 of the Act. In the first round of litigation, the matter primarily related to
the issue whether any income accrued or arose to Vodafone in India on entering into agreements between two companies for acquiring controlling
interest, which one foreign company held in an Indian company, by another foreign company and, hence, Vodafone was obliged to deduct tax at source
on such acquisition. The basic question involved was whether Indian tax authorities had a right to impose tax in respect of a transaction where both the
transacting companies were based outside India, but the subjectmatter of transfer was in India. Hence, the notice issued was challenged.2 DECISION
AGAINST THE IT DEPARTMENT The Supreme Court has decided the case against the IT Department holding that no tax is leviable in the situation
when the transaction of 'outright ' sale happened between two nonresidents of a capital asset outside India, though the capital asset (share) was

Collings Ranch Conglomerate Case Study
Our third stop was along the interstate, right between two formations of Washita Valley. The formation on the north of us was represented by
Pennsylvanian Collings Ranch Conglomerate (around 350 million years old), which is shown with blue color on the map and the formation on the
south of us was represented by Ordovician Kindblade Limestone (around 450mil years old), shown by the pink color on the map. There is a huge time
gap between these two formations. The Collings Ranch Conglomerate is outstandingly exposed along Interstate 35 near the top of Arbuckle Mountains.
It was formed during late Pennsylvanian and is slightly younger than Devil's Kitchen Conglomerate. Large size of grains, conglomerate boulders and
cobbles, indicate high energy

Vivendi (a): Revitalizing a French Conglomerate
MAPPING THE BUSINESS LANDSCAPE
General Environment:
For CGE, the 1980s were a period of "unprecedented opportunity" in France in which it could make the "great leap forward". The French economy as
a whole was growing rapidly and the hopes of an expanded market with the European Community were attractive opportunities for the firm.
In CGE, one form of diversification was "cross shareholdings". The origin of this cross–shareholdings can be traced to the period 1986–1988 during a
time of "cohabitation" in French government between a social president, Francois Mitterand, and a more conservative Prime Minister, Jacques Chirac.
Afraid of the inability of the French weak capital markets to absorb large quantity of shares domestically and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In 1984–85, several highly talented engineers were hired away from France Telecom, the government owned monopoly. CGE 's construction
subsidiary, purchased for the apparent synergy of a similar customer base, was bought as a "poison pill" after St. Gobain, the French glass and material
company, attempted to take over CGE in 1981.
When new CEO, Jean–Marrie Messier took over the charge of the company, he started managing the company in his own way. Central to Messier 's
new operating principles was that CGE must return to its core activities. Looking forward, his plan was to reduce the importance of Construction and
Property while building the role of communications. Complete divestment from real estate had been eliminated as an option in the near term because
Messier believed that the market would not allow a quick liquidation of these assets. Messier created alliances with cash rich partners to supplement
CGE 's resources in fast growth areas with high capital requirements.
Structure:
Structure of the firm was quite different in the period of two different CEOs. Both Dejouany and Messier had different way of managing the company
with different level of experience and understandings.
In the tenure of Dejouany, number of employees grew significantly with the growth of the company. By 1995, number directly reporting to him was
70. He diversified the whole business into real estate development, healthcare, transportation, and

Business Case Study Interpretation: Tyco
Analysis of Harvard Business School Review
1. What are the goals and objectives of Tyco? How well has the company performed? Show your analysis and interpretation.
Tyco was a holding company of the highest caliber (at the time of this case's publishing), with a simple plan that was painstakingly engrained into the
corporate culture. Everything about the company screamed Wall Street success, despite that one CII report to the contrary, and this success could be
credited to the stubborn adherence to meeting 15% growth rates and various financial performance ratios.
2. What are the nature and characteristics of businesses/industries that they are in? What is the business selection strategy? What businesses are they
entering or ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Fort was able to make all future year financial figures shine. He gave his manager's freedom to meet targets, but was very controller heavy; in essence
perpetuating this attention to the financials.
There was one drawback to this style though. In my mind, this Wall Street–heavy strategy makes all planning year–by–year. Thus, long–term corporate
health might be sacrificed in the effort to make each year's goals. Moreover, this strategy was in stark contrast to the bonus structure set up at Tyco,
adding further to the minds of those who ran the business from day–to–day.
6. Has the company created and sustained its corporate competitive advantage? Explain the sources of sustainability for Tyco.
We all know the hot water Mr. Koslowski got the company into a few years ago with his lavish spending at a company party. With that information
aside, the skill Tyco has built at acquisition andholding company management seems to be tried and true. Also, the industries in which it trades seem to
be under the company's control. In these senses, Tyco can thrive for years to come thanks to competitive advantages.
However, there is one area where Tyco could easily falter. Namely, the very reliance on financial performance that has made Tyco a success for
decades could be its downfall. First of all, the company has never been as entrepreneurial as management wanted us to believe since there are "no
guarantees that the divisions generating

Walt Disney Media Conglomerate Analysis
Walt Disney: Media
Introduction/Random Information
The Walt Disney Company is the world's largest media conglomerate. The company has the ability to be a successful conglomerate due to its Board of
Directors, content theme of quality, as well as customer ordination in all its operating segments. The company has television holdings in ABC and ten
other broadcasting stations, as well as cable networks including; ABC Family, A&E (37%), and ESPN (80%).
Each of these divisions that Disney owns and operates are leaders in their respective industries and capitalize multiple channels that have been created
to additional products and other tangible goods account for 10% of Walt Disney's revenue.
Media Networks – $17,162,000,000 is up 6% ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The plan is to market these 3D releases by debuting in the consumer home with select Sony 3D products. This launching would be during the
high–traffic holiday retail season which will be featured nationwide in the United States.
Disney recently announced it was launching eight mobile games for the iPhone, Android, Blackberry and Java/Brew. Both companies are motivated by
what seems to be a booming casual gaming market.
Another Disney invention is the soon to be released netbook, a "Netpal" for 6–12 year–olds. Made by netbook pioneer Asustek and selling for $350 at
Toys "R" Us starting in late July. A version with more storage and a longer battery will go through Amazon.com and other retailers. The widget should
go international by the end of the year. The Walt Disney Company is also now one of the biggest players in the fast–growing social gaming business.
Recently the company said it had agreed to acquire Playdom–the outfit behind games like Social City, Sorority Life, and Market Street for up to $763
million. Under the terms of the deal, Disney (DIS) will pay $563.2 million for Playdom up front and an additional $200 million if the social gaming
company meets certain unspecified growth thresholds. For Disney purchasing Playdom, the No. 4 social gaming company on Facebook (and No. 1
on MySpace), is a quick and easy way to extend its characters and brands to social games, a market that could be worth $1.5 billion within three years.
Social

Business Assignment : Advertising Industry
Media Institutions Assignment Essay Advertising Industry This essay aims to demonstrate the ways in which the advertising industry has helped to
shape production. In this essay I will be using "Product placement is the inclusion of a branded product in media, usually without explicit reference
to the product. Most commonly, branded products are featured in movies, television shows and video games." (Whatis.com, 2013). Product
placement is not an uncommon thing nowadays since Ofcom made it legal in February 2011 for UK channels to include product placement as long
as it sticks to Ofcom rules and guidelines. Product placement is used more now than we may realise, "ITV said it had shown about 4,000 hours of
programming with product placement in it." (Revoir, P, 2015). ITV have used product placement in many well known, popular shows such as 'I'm A
Celebrity Get Me Out Of Here'. Channel 4 also said that they would be airing around 100 hours of tv content that would contain product placement
this year alone! An example of how product placement will have affected the production of content is Coronation street when they had the product
placement of Nationwide bank for 3 years starting in 2011. Product placement can have a larger powerful impact than we think, "Product placement
can be very successful, as shown by the 65% increase in Reese's Pieces sales after its placement in E.T. The Extra–Terrestrial" (Zimmerman, I, 2013).
This tells us that the impact is larger than

The Impact Of Limited Liability On The Holding Company And...
The analysis undertaken in this essay will explain the significance of limited liability in respect to the holding company and its subsidiaries and how
creditors are affected by limited liability when suffered by losses due to unrecoverable debts unless able to prove that the holding company knew of the
subsidiary insolvency. As well we will look at how s588V allows creditors to be able to recover some of their losses if the courts are able to justify the
piercing of the corporate veil of the holding company by proving that the holding company was aware of the subsidiary's insolvency status this will
allow the subsidiary's liquidator to obtain assets from holding company to fund subsidiary's liabilities.
A company is a legal personality which 'comes into existence as a body corporate at the beginning of the day on which it is registered until the
company ceases trading. It 'has the legal capacity and powers of an individual both in and outside this jurisdiction meaning it is considered as a
legal person who is separate from its owners, directors, members, employees and agents and that a company has its own rights and obligations, able
to own and dispose of property, enter into contracts, able to sue and be sued and has limited liability. Salomon v Salomon & Co Ltd is a leading case
demonstrating this legal principle in practice that a company is entitled to be treated as separate legal entity irrespective if the owners or shareholders
are one person or numerous, as

Essay On Financial Conglomerates
A "conglomerate" is a large "corporation" that comprises a number of diverse, apparently unrelated businesses. A conglomerate can own a controlling
stake in a number of smaller companies that conduct businesses separately. In a conglomerate, the subsidiary businesses run independently of the other
business divisions, their managers reporting to the top management of the group company. So, a conglomerate can be also called a multi–industry
company. Financial conglomerates are nothing but financial giants that have a number of small financial companies working under them. They,
basically, are of two types, namely, "financial holding" and "bank holding" companies.
Definition
Now, what are the financial holding companies (FHCs) and bank holding ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It may have diverse structural features conditional to various national laws and traditions. Thus, a financial conglomerate can be characterized chiefly
as a securities, a banking or an insurance structure. The character of that company would be identified by the sector characterized at the holding
company level and/or by the type of major business activities carried out by that financial conglomerate. Alternatively, it may consist of of businesses
such that not a single sector dominates the character of the entity.
For instance, a financial conglomerate that is involved chiefly with banking would characteristically be one having its parent company as a banking
institution under supervision or a financial holding company having an authorized credit institution as its dominant subsidiary. Smaller and less
important subsidiaries (of either dominant subsidiary or parent company) would contain insurance companies and / or securities

Courts Do not Look Beyond the Shareholders in the Veil of...
The veil of incorporation means that separate legal personality of company operates as a shield which is the courts will not normally look beyond the
faГ§ade of the company to the shareholders who incorporate it. The screen depart the company from its individual shareholders and directors is
commonly referred to as 'the veil of incorporation'.
The House of Lords in the case of Salomon v A. Salomon & Co [1897] identify the legality of Salomon's 'one–man company', and try to lift this veil,
whether to force liability on those veil or other aim. The veil can be lifted by enactment Dimbleby v National Union of Journalists 1984, but this
provision are rare and incline to force extra individual liability rather than neglect the corporation's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It deny the case Creasey v Breachwood Motors Ltd which shows that even transfer corporation's assets (some section of a group re–organization of
assets) after appear the potential liability would not defend lifting the veil. This was incomplete with the aim of escape that liability. With the similar
restrictively, another enactment deny that the veil can be lifted easily to force liability on a man behind an improper business deal. This shows that the
courts still willing to lift the veil and the present law is not closer to the Schmittoff's statement but more towards the statement of Samuels because of
the principle is restrictive apply.
Agency: Court may be lift the veil on a company is only carry the business as an agent of its shareholder. It means that the deal which entered by the
subsidiary could be treat as the deal of the holding company. The House of Lords refuse the opinion that the corporation was act as Salomon's agent, the
truth about the corporation is a wholly own subsidiary or a single member is insufficient to act as an agent of its shareholders or member. In previously,
the courts have found the relationship among a subsidiary corporation and its parent corporation. In previously, the courts have found the relationship
among a subsidiary corporation and its parent corporation. It can be found in the case Smith, Stone & Knight v Birmingham Corporation but Adams v
Cape Industries Ltd verify that an

Samsung : The Largest Multinational Conglomerate Companies
Samsung is one of the largest multinational conglomerate companies that produce a wide range of products included mobile phones, televisions,
computers and more other services. "Samsung Electronics is a global leader in semiconductors, telecommunications and digital media technologies
with sales of 143.1 billion U.S. dollars in 2011 and 221,730 employees spread across 72 countries. Samsung has been the world 's largest television
manufacturer since 2006 and is the world 's largest producer of LCD panels. The company also has the greatest share of the global market for memory
chips. With the introduction of the Samsung Galaxy S mobile, the company has taken the lead in global sales figures for smartphones as of 2011."
(Samsung – Statista... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Samsung listen to customers, and form a market research in order to find out the needs, than will compare with competitor's strength, and mainly focus
on how to improve their product itself. Samsung can increase their brand awareness, and can satisfy customer's wants and needs, also cut down the
cost as well. Moreover, Samsung also adopted the Six Sigma theory, according to Businessdictionary(2014) this theory is a set of techniques in order to
process improvement. This technique basically allows Samsung to identifying and removing all the cause of errors. This theory can improve the
internal operations. Samsung understand the market is changing quickly, in order to create a more flexible production plan, they imply the APS system
,Margaret Rouse (2009) and all the raw materials and production capacity are just due to meet the demand. The APS system allows Samsung to make
fine adjust when there are some sudden changes, for example, machine breakdown, supplier problem, extra order, also allows the company have better
understanding and gain more information about the production line, this implement is remarkable, and bring Samsung a great success. 2.3 An
evaluation of the company's operations in terms of the performance imperatives: quality, speed, dependability, flexibility and cost: Samsung is
experiencing the economy of scale, as Samsung has standardize their processes and all the main components part are produced in their headquarter,
Korea, this

The Mega Conglomerate, Disney, Walt Disney
History
The mega conglomerate, Disney, began in 1923 with two men and one cartoon, Alice In Wonderland. From 1988 to present day Disney Pictures has
released some of the most successful films in Hollywood. Disney's most iconic and memorable titles include, The Lion King, The Little Mermaid,
Aladdin and Beauty and The Beast. Disney has pushed the boundaries of the film industry since its beginning with the production of the first full
length animation film, Snow White and The Seven Dwarfs, as well as the release of their first live action film, Treasure Island. After the death of Roy
and Walt Disney, the company only continued to grow. Robert Iger was named chief executive officer in 2005. Currently, Disney owns Walt Disney
Animation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Opening at number 1, the weekend of March 13th 2015, the movie earned an opening weekend gross of $67,877,361 domestically. Including
international gross the film made over $70 million opening weekend and made their $95 million budget in the second week. In total, Cinderella has
made $438,036,467 worldwide. With a large part of the target audience being female children, the cast, including, Lily James and Richard Madden,
was fairly unknown to them. The seven minute Frozen Fever short at the beginning of the film, based of the extremely popular animation Frozen,
may have been a drawing factor for crowds to see Cinderella. Although Cinderella had one of the biggest debuts of the year, its numbers fell short of
what was expected by Disney. The lower figures means the new film fell behind Disney's last live–action remake, Maleficent.
Monkey Kingdom
The Disneynature film, is set in South Asia and follows the story of the macaques monkey, Maya. With a new son, Kip, and her longtime home,
Castle Rock, being taken over, Maya has to relocate and work hard to get back her home and establish a good future for her son. The movie is
narrated by Tina Fey. The director of the film, Mark Linfield, spent over 2 and a half years filming and following the animals for the movie. The
movie was released on April 17th. The opening weekend numbers have yet

Vivendi: Revitalizing a French Conglomerate(A) Essay
Executive Summary
CGE experienced glaringly different leadership styles as Jean–Marie
Messier succeeded Guy Dejouany. While Dejouany focused on vertically integrating
CGE and transforming the company into a conglomerate, Messier focused on
profitability and restructuring within the company. As Dejouany's leadership ended with
a cash crisis and corruption scandal, Messier's leadership led CGE's stock to an
appreciation of 71.8% within two years after succeeding Dejouany. The leadership
change occurred at the right time. Dejouany looked at the big picture and maneuvered
CGE into a vast and profitable conglomerate at its prime, while Messier painted the
picture and refined CGE into Vivendi, focusing on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The
company started an incentive system in 1997, under which the pay of the managers of
the 8 major business units was linked to their respective return on investment targets.
By the end of 1997, due to Messier being at the head of the company, the stock price

had an appreciation of about 71.8% which lead to a high shareholder value.
III. Alternative strategies
Upon studying the key issues and the corresponding supporting arguments, we
have come up with a few recommendations as to how Vivendi should proceed.
Page 2 of 8
One option is to strengthen its corporate office by means of centralizing through
the merger with Havas. Vivendi can centralize the various different departments
from the merger with its own departments already in place, thereby reducing staff
redundancy and increasing the sharing of firm knowledge. Once staff redundancy is
reduced, cash flows will be freed up to be injected into more profitable areas. Vivendi
would need to forgo letting Havas operate autonomously when following this strategy. If
Havas operated autonomously, it could continue in much the same way that brought its
success in the communications segment thus far.
Instead of integrating Havas, it could be given autonomy and be separate from
the central organization. This would allow the resources from Havas to have a sense
of boundaries, thereby retaining the

Wal Mart : A Retail Conglomerate
Wal–Mart: A Retail Conglomerate When Wal
–Mart opened its doors in 1962, the Walton brothers had no clue on the magnitude the 'one stop shop"
chain would bring. For every company that is successful, there is a multitude of competitive strategies that are found at the core of their success. Such
strategies virtually direct the company's activities that will essentially carry over and contribute to their culture, performance, and other strategies that
are implemented. Wal–Mart currently is the biggest grocery retailer, as well as the largest private employer, with over 8,900 stores located in over 10
countries, that serve under 55 different names. However, during the first 5 years, it seemed as though Wal–Mart's reputation and performance were
headed in opposite directions. Furthermore, there are a number of other factors, such as economic, technological, and socio–cultural, that contribute to
the revolution of pricing, demand, and even how products are manufactured. For example, interest rates affect economic factors, Wal–Mart's low prices
contribute to its social factors, and value chin distribution to enhance their technological factors. Serving nearly 176 million consumers every year and
employing over 1.2 million U.S employees, it is of no wonder why Wal–Mart is the chain conglomerate that it is. Wal–Mart chains are essentially a
franchise of convenince, featuring every item in every department. Consumers have a one stop shop for items such as house supplies, auto

Taxable Income And International Transfer Pricing Essay
Taxable Income and International Transfer Pricing Business organizations increasingly look to globalization to increase profitability and maintain
competitiveness. Income from such operations is taxed differently in the United States (US) dependent upon type of income and the levels of said
income. Such foreign corporations that are controlled by US shareholders are considered controlled foreign corporations (CFC) which must comply with
tax rules instituted in 1962 (Doupnik & Perera, 2014). Wholly owned subsidiaries of US companies such as Bahamamama, Ltd, the subsidiary of Mama
Corporation, are considered a CFC, and as such companies such as Mama Corporation must determine income taxed by the US. Additionally, global
organizations seek to reduce tax liabilities through transfer pricing. Transfer pricing is used to determine the price of transactions between subsidiaries
and parent companies and is used to reduce tax liabilities of US parent companies. As such, tax authorities intervene to ensure US corporations report
correct tax liabilities.
Mama Corporation Subsidiary Bahamamama, Ltd. Mama Corporation's subsidiary Bahamamama, Ltd, is a wholly owned subsidiary. As a wholly
owned subsidiary, Bahamamama, Ltd is considered a CFC and as such must determine income taxable to the parent company. The income taxable is
subpart F income, which is income that can be easily moved between tax jursidictions (Doupnik & Perera, 2014). Such income includes sales to
customers

Advantages Of A Holding Company
HOLDING COMPANY
A holding company is a parent company that owns sufficient voting shares in a company to control its management, governing policies. A holding
company buys or otherwise obtains a majority percentage of stock in a company, which becomes and known as subsidiary company. Sometimes a pure
holding company distinguishes itself by adding "Holding" or "Holdings" to its name.
As per company law, a company which is controlled by another company is called as a subsidiary company and the company which is controlling
another company is called as a holding company. The control can be via control of management or via ownership of shares.
SUBSIDIARY COMPANY
A subsidiary company is a company in which 50% or more voting shares is controlled ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A HOLDING COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANY
The terms holding and subsidiary are used to express the managerial, financial, legal and principal relationships between special types of business
organization, which includes financial institutions and corporations. A holding company means a body which is incorporated to acquire and grip the
majority of shares of other companies; a subsidiary is a business whose mass of the shares is owned by a holding company.
The differences between a holding company and subsidiary company are as under:
1) On the basis of Ownership
Holding company buys the bulk of the shares in another company, which becomes as its subsidiary. A holding company must control more than 50% of
company's stock before it's considered a subsidiary. Holding companies may in addition hold other holding companies– in this case they are known as
top holding companies. The holding company has all privileges and farm duties of ownership for its subsidiaries. The subsidiaries are not autonomously
owned; often continue to function as individual entities, though key corporate decisions are made by holding

Conglomerates In The United States
Describe the difference between a corporation and a conglomerate.
A corporation is independently owned by shareholders; they are larger companies with multiple employees. Some examples of corporations would be;
airline companies, soda companies, Google, Hasbro and many more. A conglomerate is a largecorporation that has several smaller companies.
Business associated with a conglomerate are unrelated and offer different products or services. "John Rockefeller of Standard Oil, Alfred Sloan of
General Motors and Gerald Swope of General Electric are some of the business tycoons credited with revolutionizing business practices, which
contributed to the organization of today's conglomerates."(Keefer).
Consider the ethics of media conglomerates in the United States. What are the ethical advantages and disadvantages of allowing large conglomerates to
control the mass media? What are alternative ways the media might be organized that would be more ethical or moral? Explain your reasoning using
both concepts from the course and academic resources. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This would happen because people decide what they want to see, then the control of government would be reduced. Another advantage would be,
what works for the people, works for the media. We all know that the media works to promote ads to make a profit, but the only way to do this is to
offer what the people want. A disadvantage would be if we allow large conglomerates to control the mass media, the media would be more loyal to
their advertisers and sponsors, rather than the viewers. Another disadvantage would be "the lack of competing viewpoints and perspectives."(Solanki). I
think an alternative method of operating would be that if they acted like one entity, delivering better quality and more competition for each

Company Profile Of Keck Seng Malaysia
Keck Seng (Malaysia) Berhad (KSBM) is a Malaysia–based investment holding company and public listed company in Bursa Malaysia since 1976 and
its stock code is 3476. KSBM formerly known as Keck Seng Malaysia which established in year 1943 and the co–founder of the company is Mr. Ho
Yeow Koon. KBSM's headquarter is located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The vision of KSBM is to diversified their corporation and provide
sustainable long term growth that can create value to shareholders. (KSBM, 2016) Previously, Keck Seng is a small trading business in Singapore and
subsequently expanded and invested in Malaysia by bought few piece of land in Masai, Johor and ventured into rubber planting and oil palm
cultivation. The rubber plantation in year 1959 was the beginning of Keck Seng Malaysia and diversified their business into various categories.
KSBM is part of Keck Seng Group that operated its business into several segments include manufacturing which involved in the operation of hotels and
resorts, processing and marketing; property which involved in property development and investment in Malaysia; and plantation which involved in ...
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The principal activities of TWHB are investment and provision of administration and management services to its subsidiaries. TWHB has three
wholly–owned subsidiaries which include Ta Win Industries (M) Sdn. Bhd., Ta Win Industrial (H.K.) Co. Ltd. and Ta Win Electronic Tech
–Material
(Changshu) Co. Ltd. Besides that, Ta Win Industries is an investmentholding company which consists of two manufacturing plants in Malaysia that
involved in manufacturing, processes and marketing which are Ta Win Industries (M) Sdn. Bhd. and itssubsidiary located in Changsu, Republic of
China (Ta Win Electronic Tech
– Material (Changsu) Co

Vivendi: Revitalizing a French Conglomerate Essay
During the 1980's the French economy expanded assimilating rapidly the scarce existing venture capital from the week capital market. As a company
with a healthy cash flow, Compagnie GГ©nГ©rale des Eaux (CGE) took advantage of economic circumstances and pursued a strong expansion strategy
entering different business realms like real estate, healthcare, or telecommunication. Although this strategy worked well with the current economical
conditions, the absence of an adequate organizational structure and control was the main cause for the serious financial problems that followed on the
late 1990's.
The person responsible with the vast expansion of CGE, Guy Dejouany promoted a strong asset diversification strategy. This was possible through a ...
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Through divestment Messier reduced the debt ratio, and consequently the company's leverage. He sold many of the nonessential businesses, but still
maintaining a healthy diversity. Strategic alliances with wealthy and well established partners guaranteed a flow of capital for the rapid growing
business of the conglomerate. Also, partnerships with other competitors, especially in the communications area, ensured the use of a larger
infrastructure and the opportunity to provide services for more customers. Messier also restructured the company's remaining subsidiaries through
parallel consolidations and mergers.
One of the most important measures that Messier undertook was the formation of a new and clearly defined organizational chart. An Executive
Committee with representatives from all the subsidiary business meets as a team twice a month, eliminating this way the internal competition. The
headquarters in Paris consisted of departments of finance, legal, human resources, and investor relationships. Messier instituted that all the asset
allocation decisions will be taken at the corporate level only, in contrast with Dejouany's liberal view who granted investment power based on trus to
the individual managers.
Messier also adopted a plan for employee mobility in order to promote a corporate culture. Under Dejouany, employees from different subsidiaries
rarely acknowledged the affiliation to the same corporation. The incentive system that

Free Will Of The Media
Free will of the media carries with it certain responsibilities of truthfulness, equality, accurateness and liability. I will talk about issues involving to
media accountability in the present day. The media are responsible for the greater part of the explanation and experience from which we construct up
our individual perceptive of the humanity and how it works. Our view of realism is based on media communication that has been constructed and has
attitude, interpretation and conclusion build in. Lacking mass media, sincerity and liability are unattainable in present–day democracy. Freedom of the
media carries with it convinced tasks of openness, justice, truthfulness and responsibility. The control of the media to form and tear down individual
morals comes with enormous duty. The Oxford English Dictionary define the word responsible as having the commitment to do something, as part
of one 's occupation or task: or having power over or concern for someone, accountable to be called to the description. Responsibility is defined as
the condition or reality of being liable, the capability to act alone and make a decision, the status of being accountable for one 's presentation
according to the conditions of reference of the Code of Professional Conduct. Collectively, peoples ' tasks are the thing for which they are held
responsible, failure to release an accountability render one responsible for some reprimand or consequence

The Conglomerate Wave Of The 1980's Analysis
In conclusion, the conglomerate wave of the 1960s and the takeover movement of the 1980s shifted the focus of corporations away from serving the
interests of all groups of corporation's constituents towards serving the class of elite. This shift in the objectives of corporations has created a set of
social issues associated with the vast inequalities, growing rates of precarious employment and the transfer of wealth from the majority of population
to the selected few individuals. In the 1980s, corporations experienced a decline in profits and employees in different industries experienced massive
layoffs, while the payout ratio of shareholders and corporate executives increased from 42 percent to 57 percent. In the 1990s, layoffs did not decrease,

The Merits And Benefits Of Keiretsu In Japan
Introduction
Zaibatsu, the prevailing form of business declined after the Second World War, followed by an economic reform, a new business management form
has emerged, which is the Keiretsu system. It continued to be the dominant form of business in the second half of 20th century, yet, the economic
recession of Japan in1990s has made people realize the incapability of the old Keiretsu system, reforms of it is needed for revitalizing Japan's once
flourish economy. This paper will examine the role of Keiretsu system in Japan's economy in detail and discuss the future development of the system.
Merits and Demerits of Keiretsu System
Due to the dissolution of Zaibatsu, many of the machine and military firms, such as Sony, Honda and Matsushita, ... Show more content on
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The intimate relationships between Japanese firms and the main banks has made internal cash position less of a constraint to the firms, as they could
continue their investments and growth even when they are facing a shortage of cash (Wu et al, 2000). Also, the keiretsu system protected the firms
from market failure and reduced the potential financial risks (McGuire & Dow, 2005). The keiretsu system contributes significantly in evening financial
burdens in the face of crisis and in merging the goals of profit maximization within the corporate community (Kawai, 2007). The equalizing function
immunes firms from the risks of uneven and unbalanced economic improvements of the member firms within the keiretsu system, as both firms
acquire the same financial access under the system. Meanwhile, the system also reduced the costs for the firms, as the system allowed firms to form
alliance with inter–firm agreements which would lower transaction costs such as coordinating costs, risks of broken contracts and searching costs
(Ozkan,

Marketing Plan for News Corporation
KEELE UNIVERSITY
MANAGEMENT SCHOOL
MARKETING DEPARTMENT
MAN40045
GROUP REPORT
MARKETING PLAN FOR NEWS CORPORATION
IN
THE BRITISH NEWSPAPER MARKET
PERIOD 2012–2015
Students: Annie – 11026399
Fiona – 12020379
Max – 10020416
Tiffany – 11026952
November, 2012
CONTENT
* Introduction * Mission statement * SWOT& analysis * Assumptions * Marketing Objectives * Marketing Strategy * Marketing Mix
Recommendations * Reference * Appendix
1. Introduction
News Corporation is a global media corporation controlled by Rupert Murdoch. News Corporation (known as News Corp), one of the world 's largest
media conglomerates, is the globe's primary publisher of English–language newspapers ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
4. Assumptions
– Online readership continues to rise about 10 percent in next three years

– Readers have a tendency of changing their preference for entertaining newspapers with few words and more attractive, stylish, abstractive photos
conveying in–depth content.
For one thing, rely on the news corporation group strength that develop base on online stream media and digital publish/broadcast site about the online
newspaper. Consequently, the newspaper brands through get a number of readers to expand its influence on mass media and audience. And earn more
profit from the online advertisements. For another, Acquisition or create a number of newspapers brands in different reader markets, and get more
market share.
5. Marketing objectives
– Make the most advantage of the corporation multi–media group; appropriately raise sales prices; improve service, and stop the rate war.
– That way will create a 60 % of market share in 'popular market', 'mid market' entering with 20 % of market share, and 40 percent of market share in
'quality market' during three years from 2012 – 2015.
6. Marketing strategy
6.1 Market segmentation:
After doing the research about macro and microenvironment, as well as the SWOT, we decide to classify the market based on National Readership
Survey's criteria, which is social class – occupation. This company categorized different occupations in society by labeling from A to E (more
information will

Case Study : Royal Stuff Ltd
This scenario is a case of company law. I will be advising Will and Kate as to the legal possibilities in regards to the different facts in this case.
Royal Stuff Ltd. Is a holding company which is defined as a company created to buy and own the shares of other companies which it then controls ,
while, Royal Productions Ltd. is a subsidiary company which is a company that is wholly or partly owned by another company that has controlling
interest in it .
These two businesses are companies and in a company, the liability of the owners of the company for the debts of the company is limited. In Salomon
v. Salomon Ltd. the House of Lords held that Mr. Salomon was entitled to the assets because he had a secured debt and therefore the... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Judicial exceptions, the court mainly lifts the veil for situations involving fraud such as in Gilford Motor Company Ltd. v Horne where the court
held that in cases of fraud, the corporate veil would be lifted and the owners made responsible . This scenario doesn't give any indications for fraud on
the part of Royal Stuff Ltd. or Royal Productions Ltd. Another instance where the court lifts the corporate veil is involving group situations. This is
when the parent company and a subsidiary are treated as one entity if they carry on the same business . A legal scholar named Clive Schmitthoff
stated " in regards to liability, the parent company should be liable for the debts of wholly owned and controlled subsidiaries if it employed these
dependent companies as agents and it should be rebuttably presumed that it used these subsidiaries in that manner." If the court holds this view then
they could hold Royal Stuff Ltd. liable for the failings of Royal Productions Ltd. A case where the court held a similar view was in Smith Stone and
Knight Ltd. v. Birmingham Corporation, the court treated the subsidiary company as an agent of its holding company, stating it carried out the business
on behalf of the holding company and hence, the corporate veil was lifted . If Royal Stuff Ltd. and Royal Productions Ltd. are

Types Of Reorganization Of A Company Essay
Reorganization is the process of extending the life of a company that is facing liquidation by restructuring it in order to carry out activities which
minimizes reoccurrence of past situations. Type A reorganization involves consolidation and merging and it gives greater flexibility since there is no
restrictions of voting stock. Nontaxable status is not affected by removal of unnecessary assets. Additionally, this type of reorganization saves on time
as approval from shareholders, which often brings complexity can be avoided. In a type B, assets and contracts which cannot be transferred are not
lost, there is no substantially all requisite and liabilities of target's corporation are isolated in a subsidiary.
In a type C reorganization, the acquiring corporation can be selective while choosing the liabilities it assumes. Atax responsibility may arise if
consideration other than stock is used in the possession of the resources. Type D reorganization enables the selling corporation to be exempted from
paying tax immediately because assets transfer is followed by absolute liquidation of the acquired corporation. I would recommend type D as the most
beneficial to the client because the shareholders quits operations once the corporation is bought by the acquiring company Furthermore, transfer of
titles contracts and leases may not be necessary.
In reference to the ABC Corporation, the client should use type C reorganization because it will enable him/ her to become the sole

American Conglomerates
Businesses but not all corporations are categorized as conglomerates. Conglomerates and other sorts of corporations are permitted entities, meaning that
the entity can purchase possessions or face charges. Corporations and conglomerates, pay state and federal taxes. Conglomerates are distinguished by
the fact that they have much more complex assemblies than other sorts of corporations.
Media in the United States involve numerous different sorts of communications media. Films, transistor, television, publications, newspaper, and
Internet–based Web sites. The U.S. has a solid harmony business. Media are controlled by big revenue corporations who gain revenue from publicizing,
subscriptions, and sale of copyrighted material. American ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is overwhelming to visualize that only a minority of media houses accommodate to billions of spectators.
They are accountable for monitoring all features of the business, from construction and manufacture to transport. This has directed to a lack of
meaningful satisfied and different viewpoints in the media. Every channel you tune into expresses the same views. There is noticeable control of
contented, exclusively if it is too debatable. The lack of range is a straight outcome of control in the marketplace, and slight or no healthy market–based
opposition.
Cons – Money VS. Public Interest – The lack of acceptable struggle means the media houses, run after cash in its place of serving the community
interest. Every media house is guaranteed of a big universal audience, the attention moves from providing excellence services to getting more cash.
Innovative or dangerous ideas dangerous ideas are squished in courtesy of 'tried and confirmed' approaches. With less competition, the media houses
charge more and, due to the lack of alternatives, the customer has to

General Electric, A Worldwide Conglomerate Corporation
General Electric, a worldwide conglomerate corporation, was founded in 1892 in New York. Currently, the GE headquarters remains in Schenectady,
New York, and have a second location in Fairfield, CT. As a publicly traded company, GE is one of the "original twelve" on the Dow Jones Index; the
only one left remaining there today, 119 years later. In addition to the Dow, General Electric is also a member of the S&P 500. As of 2015, the
company operates through the following business divisions: power and water, oil and gas, energy management, aviation, healthcare, transportation,
capital, and digital. The products general electric manufactures include: aircraft engines, electrical distribution, electric motors, energy, finance,... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A company, like General Electric, that has a positive current ratio greater than 1, will also have a positive net working capital. Net working capital
assesses a company's ability to pay off short term obligations. General Electric, along with their industry, both have the ability to meet short term
commitments and liquidate assets easily. Activity ratios have the capability to show how efficient, or inefficient, a company is operating.
Receivables turnover ratio indicates the level of efficiency with managing credit given to customers and the collection period. Using their recent
third quarter data, I calculated that General Electric has a receivables turnover ratio of .80. That isn't awful, but their industry is preforming at a
much higher level of 1.8. Essentially, GE is not collecting payments as fast, and are less efficient than their market competitors. On the other hand,
there is also inventory turnover. This ratio is set up to show how many times a period a company is selling out of merchandise. Here is where
General Electric is very close to the industry average. GE has an inventory turnover of 4.2, compared to the industry at 4.4. The higher the ratio, the
more effective a business stands. Lastly, total asset turnover is "used to measure how efficiently your business uses its assets to generate sales"
(Avenir). GE possesses a ratio of .14, much lower than the industry

The Necessity Of Piercing The Corporate Veil
It was Lord Sumption in Prest v Petrodel Resources who recognised that there is a limited power to pierce the corporate veil exceptional cases
when it is deemed necessary to do so. This serves as acknowledgement it is still possible to pierce the corporate veil but only as an absolute last
resort. The aim of this essay is to argue that the above statement is true to a certain extent regarding the necessity of piercing the corporate veil and
that perhaps, the way to achieve a more practical and fairer outcome would be introduce greater flexibility to the use of this measure.
Several commentators have used the terms 'piercing the corporate veil' and 'lifting the corporate veil' interchangeably. However, there is a difference
between the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Allowing some room for the judges to exercise this greater flexibility may cause a slight confusion in the beginning but over time, it is likely that
judges themselves would have developed a set of principles to apply when determining if it is necessary to pierce the corporate veil. In the long run,
it is submitted that this would produce a fairer outcome for the parties involved as judges would be able to apply the principles developed to
individual cases before making a decision.
Due to the separate legal personality of companies, a company can own shares in other companies. This leads to the formation of corporate groups
which can be made up of over 100 companies and are often owned by a single parent company . The corporate veil was introduced to protect
shareholders in order to encourage entrepreneurial risk–taking and innovation . Limited liability was introduced at a time where corporate groups were
unknown of . Nonetheless, courts have automatically applied the doctrine of limited liability to corporate groups in order to shield parent companies
from the debts of their subsidiaries without even considering if it is necessary to do so . Furthermore, in consideration of all the economic wealth and
power that corporate groups have, they can barely be considered as the 'entrepreneurial upstarts' that the limited liability doctrine aimed to protect.
Shareholders in such groups can also use limited liability to avoid responsibility and 'manipulate the amount of

Corporate Ethics : Corporate Veil And Limited Liability
LAW302 ESSAY
I. Introduction
In recent times, there has been an increased incidence among large scale business organizations to structure their operations through the form of
corporate groups, with many domestic and international subsidiaries, wholly owned or otherwise, with the corporate veil ensuring that each of these
enjoy separate corporate legal personality and limited liability. The existence of these 'corporate groups', withsubsidiary companies being heavily
controlled by their parent companies, have necessitated interpretations and applications of existing corporate legal principles to this novel context, even
in case of the basic tenets of corporate law. The circumstances associated with corporate veil piercing, through detailed ... Show more content on
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However, this classical model and related literature has an inherent assumption that the ultimate owners of the company are actual persons and fails to
consider and contemplate the possibility of owners being other corporate structures or provide a brief consideration to this new business form . While
these principles are directed at reducing the risk of the actual persons engaging in the business, the emergence of corporate groups, with the holding
company as the owner, necessarily means that the holding company, as a shareholder, enjoys this corporate separation and limited liability to reduce
its risk in engaging in the subsidiary's business. The application of the classical corporate law model into a group enterprise context means that the
parent and subsidiary are separate legal personalities through the veil of corporation, with assets and liabilities of their own which are unshared.
Accordingly, only the assets and capital of the subsidiary can be used to fulfil its obligations and the holding company, as shareholder, is liable only to
the extent of the unpaid amounts on their shares. Thus, the holding company enjoys limited liability as a shareholder and can protect its assets from
being used to meet the liabilities of the subsidiary, while being the ultimate controller of the subsidiary in terms of directly influencing its actions,
conduct and decision

Fiest Publications Inc. V. Rural Service Company Summary
Fiest Publications, Inc. v. Rural Service Service Company The Rural Service Company offers telephone services to the areas of Northwest Kansas. In
addition to the its telephone service, the company publishes a telephone directory. Rural gets its information through asking for people's information
when they want Rurales services. Feist Publications Company is known for publishing directories but covers a broader area than Rural. To obtain
white pages listings for its area–wide directory, Feist approached each 11 telephone companies and offered to pay for the right to use its white pages
listing. Although Rural got permission from 10 of the companies, it failed to get permission from Rural. When Fiest published the white & yellow
pages, many

The Performance Manipulation Practice Within Conglomerates
Part A
This article introduce the performance manipulation practice within conglomerates. And explore some of resources, tactics and skills used by
managers who involve in manipulate of performance reporting. Managers use performance manipulation practice to make their personal benefits or as
a resistance strategy when shareholder sets an unreasonable expectation. And emphasise a theoretical which establish the important role of a group
leader's ability in the performance manipulation. Then use the empirical material to emphases performance reporting practices is between a parent
company and two of subsidiaries are analyzed using data collected and interview method. Finally Puyou introduce 3 methods of manipulate
performance reporting ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So they can use their ability to design a tactic to promote internal and external stability involve take into account other actor's interest and identity to
persuade them to cooperate. Finally cause a stable cooperation and this is the framework of the process of institutionalization cooperation.
Following this article state three manipulate performance reporting measures. First is Account manipulation which decide over accounting norms and
practice have an impact on production of reporting information. The second is real profit smoothing which refer to meet parent company expectation.
Upper level management makes operational decisions to improve reporting indicators. The third type of manipulate is slack which defines as a cushion
excess resource and upper level management use to compensate the lack of profit. These methods of manipulating performance strategy often use
various techniques together.
This section will illustrate the conglomerate manager in order to reduce performance reporting uncertainty use 3 methods of manipulate performance
reporting to obtain their position. Ronelec which is a subsidiary company of EBEL with the mission of reorganizing finance procedure and production
operation entrusted two skilful Vice–CEO. They hired a new financial manager to control of production site rather than the on–site technician. And
taught everyone in Ronelec to track their expenses, so that

Analysis : ' At The Time Of Considerable Change On The...
MAMAG
Name: Quynh Dan Vu
Student number: N0717739 ESSAY Question: Critically explore Des Freedman's claim that : "at the time of considerable change in the global media
environment, a focus on the policy making process is needed" INTRODUCTION For the recent few decades, people have witnessed dynamic changes
in the media environment, the movement in technology from silent to sound movies, black and white to color television, and so on. Furthermore, the
companies are changing day by day in scale and scope, public opinions become more important in policy making. The transformation is happening not
only in individual countries but also on the global scale. For this reason, the policy has altered to operate the development. Dr Des Freedman's –
professor of media and communication studies–has claimed that: "at the time of considerable change in the global media environment, a focus on the
policy making process is needed". This essay critically discusses his statements through three main points. Firstly, the essay discusses how the media
environment has changed and how it looks like currently. Secondly, it considers some key issues concern the policy making process. Finally, it
indicates the government policy makers have regulated the policy to protect, encourage, restrict and develop its media system. THE GLOBAL
MEDIA ENVIRONMENT CURRENTLY LOOKS LIKE
Nowadays, the major difference from 40 years ago in the media industry properly is the transformation of media

Essay about Ethics and Gatekeeping in The Media
Gatekeeping is "controlling access to goods, services, or information, usually applied by individuals or groups in hierarchical organizations. " (CSA).
As it applies to media, gatekeeping refers to the method in which information is filtered for distribution, this can be done through the internet, print or
broadcasting. Due to the power that gatekeepers wield in controlling what we as the public read, hear or see, there are many ethical concerns to be
considered and liberties to be safeguarded. Rupert Murdoch is a prime example of a gatekeeper. He is the Founder, Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of News Corporation. In 2010, News Corporation was the third–largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue, earning $24.73 billion dollars
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One in which a new CEO has been hired to take over News Corp. Meet Philippe Dauman. Dauman has been CEO and President of Viacom since 2006.
He also served as Director of CBS from 2005–2006. Prior to Viacom, from 2000–2006 Dauman was CEO and Co–chairman of DND Capital Partners,
L.L.C., "a private equity firm specializing in media and telecommunications investments" (Bloomberg). Needless to say, Dauman has more than
enough experience to helm News Corp. Of all the numerous positions that Dauman has held during his illustrious career, his time as CEO at
Viacom is likely the most influential and the position where he served as a gatekeeper. We will analyze and examine the choices that were made
under his leadership at Viacom as a method for determining how he will manage News Corp. Viacom has numerous media holdings such as MTV,
BET, CMT, Nickelodeon, Spike TV, VHI, Comedy Central, TV Land and Paramount Films. In his time as CEO of Viacom, Dauman has remained
mostly behind the scenes. Unlike Murdoch who is often in the public eye, Dauman believes that being invisible gives him a competitive edge and
causes his competitors to underestimate and overlook him (Bourgeault). He has brought unity to the company, by implementing a strategy of investing
inwards and has seen his fair share of scandals. Viacom has been at the receiving end of racist allegations which have not stopped since Dauman took
over the reigns. In August of 2007,

Media 's Impact On Society And The Individual
Despite there being numerous sources and names for media and information, large conglomerate companies have emerged over the last several decades
that own a majority of media outlets in the United States and throughout the world. These conglomerates operate in an assortment of business
opportunities. The "big six" as they are commonly referred, own up to 90% of the American media market share (Lutz), and that number is growing.
The big six companies include G.E., News Corporation, Disney, Viacom, Time Warner, and CBS. To demonstrate this growth of consolidation, that
same 90% of the American media was owned by fifty independent companies in 1983 (Lutz). These figures are outstanding, as they relate and intersect
with Stuart Hall's idea of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, the conglomerate Comcast corporation is a cable television provider, internet service provider, phone service provider, the owner of
various broadcast stations like NBC and the Spanish network Telemundo, the owner of film networks like Universal pictures, and the owner of
internet sites like Hulu and Fandango. Comcast even owns the Universal Studios theme parks and a professional hockey team, the Philadelphia Flyers.
This is just a short list of the various businesses and services that a conglomerate, like Comcast, may own. As of 2017, Comcast reported a whopping
$146–billion–dollar market cap (Selyukh). By further understanding these motives, one is able to realize the role that media plays in their daily lives
and the influence that they may have that extends outside the television broadcast.
The power that these conglomerates hold may cause given information and facts to be distorted, possibly in order to better benefit themselves and
their own corporate interests. This information highlights Hall's ideal of how knowledge and power intersect. Hall brings up the idea of how there is
this "Gap of representation," a figurative gap between the actual facts and how the media represent it (Hall). This gap between representation and the
true facts must be measured by the individual, when he or she may think something is reported inaccurately or in a biased mannered. In order to
understand this gap that may be presented by

The Case Of Google Inc.
In the case of Google Inc.'s filing, the details entailed informing investors about its scheduled reorganization of the holding company, operating
structure, and financial reporting, among other changes. The establishment of Google Inc. began in 1995 when Sergey Brin and Larry Page met at
Stanford University. The two succeeded in building a search engine, originally known as "BackRub," in 1996. Interestingly, "BackRub" had the
capability to use links to determine the importance of various webpages on the Internet, a phenomenon that was unique in its right at the time. Through
the concept of "BackRub," Google Incorporated was conceived and has grown and expanded to become one of the largest corporations of modern time.
Google has managed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
to becoming a unique Company of modern time. According to Page, the planned restructuring of Google Inc. is a great opportunity for the Company's
expansion that would see it grow its product and consumer base through the devolution of its operations. Moreover, the new structure of the
organization would facilitate advanced innovation and at the same time, revamp the organization's structure and various brands. The autonomy
achieved by the new structures, according to Page, would accord him and Sergey a chance to keep a tremendous focus on the various unique
opportunities available within Google Inc. Incidentally, the restructuring of Google Inc. shall witness the Company implementing holding company
reorganization later in the year. The reorganized holding company shall be identified as Alphabet Inc. According to Google Inc. and Page, Google Inc.
shall cede all its capital stock in its ownership to Alphabet Inc. During the initial phase of the merging between the newly established Alphabet Inc. and
Google Inc., Alphabet Inc. will be a direct, wholly owned subsidiary company of Google Inc. Following that, a newly established entity that is a direct,
wholly owned subsidiary of Alphabet Inc. would merge with the current Google Inc., with Google Inc. surviving as the direct, wholly owned subsidiary
of Alphabet Inc. Page elucidates that in the basic

The Judicial Observation On The Australian Competition And...
Executive summary
This essay will mainly analyze and discuss some relevant legal principles and terms related to the judicial observation on legal position that the judge
made in the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v Yazaki Corporation case. Therefore, it is necessary to cover the following key
issues: 1. Definition and explanations of separate legal entity doctrine and corporate groups. 2. When will a subsidiary company be recognized as an
agent of its parent. 3. Under what circumstances can corporate veil be ignored or lifted. Introduction
As mentioned in the prescribed text, the judge observes that there are cases where a parent company manages its subsidiary and also where a
subsidiary company plays an agent role of its parent due to the parent's substantial control exercised. Queries may then occur as in what is the exact
relationship between a parent company and its subsidiary, as well as what are the criteria that could determine that relationship. Before clearly
explaining these questions, a brief introduction of the 'separate legal entity' principal will be given, after which the importance of corporate
group–where parent and subsidiary companies lie in will be illustrated, followed by a thorough discussion of corporate veil. In the end, this essay will
cover when to lift the corporate veil under both Common law and Corporation Acts 2001, mainly regarding some determining factors such as sham and
fraud, as well as the contents in

Corporate Social Veil And Limited Liability

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