This document discusses key issues in corporate governance including ensuring an effective framework, equitable treatment of shareholders, the roles of the board and management, board composition, separation of CEO and chairperson roles, establishing board committees, appointing and reelecting directors, executive remuneration transparency, disclosure and auditing, protecting shareholder rights and expectations, dialogue with institutional shareholders, and allowing investors input on corporate social responsibility. The CEO is accountable to the board for company performance while the chairperson heads the board of directors.

1. Issues in corporate governance

2. • Ensuring the basis for an effective corporate
governance framework
• The rights of shareholders and key ownership
functions
• The equitable treatment of shareholders
• The role of stakeholders in corporate governance
• Disclosure and transparency
• The responsibilities of the board

3. 1.Distinguishing the roles of board and management

4. 2.Composition of the board and related issues

5. 3.Separation of roles of CEO and
Chairperson
• The CEO is ultimately accountable to the board of directors for
the company's performance.
• The chairman of a company is the head of its board of
directors.

6. 4.Should the board have committees

7. 5.Appointment of board of directors
and re-election
Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company in 1852

8. 6.Directors and executives
remuneration
• Transparency
• Position
• process

9. 7.Disclosure and Audit

10. 8.Protection of shareholders rights and
their expectation

11. 9.Dialogue with institutional
Shareholders

12. 10.Hould investors have a say in making a
company socially responsible citizen
• “Corporate Citizenship is a recognition that a
business, corporation or business-like organisation,
has social, cultural and environmental responsibilities
to the community in which it seeks a licence to
operate, as well as economic and financial ones to its
shareholders or immediate stakeholders.