Roughly twenty years ago VMware began a revolution that ultimately led to “P(hysical) to V(irtual)” initiatives. Today many organizations are considering the benefits of containerization over and above traditional infrastructure virtualization. While studying the important role that infrastructure virtualization continues to play in a containerized IT ecosystem we’ll survey the benefits that containerization and most importantly container orchestration (i.e. Kubernetes) brings. We will study containers, pods, controllers, policies and more.

1. © Copyright 2018 Pivotal Software, Inc. All rights Reserved. Version 1.0
P to V to C:
The Value of Bringing “Everything” to
Containers
Cornelia Davis
Vice President, Technology, Pivotal
cdavis@pivotal.io • @cdavisafc

2. “I want to move all
workloads from V(irtual) to
C(ontainers) so that we no
longer have to worry about
things like patching
operating systems.” Major US Telco Provider

3. Why containers?

4. Your code
does not
work!!!
I works on my
machine

5. The Cloud Platform Evolution
TRADITIONAL IAAS
Virtualization Platform
Operating System
Database
Web
Server
Messaging
Your Application
Code
Physical Servers
Database
Web
Server
Messaging
Your Application
Code
IAAS
Your Application
Code
Virtualized
Infrastructure
PLATFORM

6. Application Dial Tone
Emits application “dial tone”
• Config
• Runtime
• Logs
• Metrics
• Health Management
• Security
• Operations
Your Application
Code
Virtualized
Infrastructure

7. Teams Delivering Outcomes
Database
Web
Server
Messaging
Your Application
Code
Virtualized
Infrastructure
PLATFORM
Platform Team
Application Team
Iteratively building and
delivering digital offerings
to the consumer
Enabling the app teams all
while maintaining
Security
Compliance
Resilience
Cost Efficiency

8. Teams Delivering Outcomes
Database
Web
Server
Messaging
Your Application
Code
Virtualized
Infrastructure
PLATFORM
Platform Team
Application Team

9. Unless otherwise indicated, these slides are © 2013-2018 Pivotal Software, Inc. and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ 9
“I want to move all
workloads from V(irtual) to
C(ontainers) so that we no
longer have to worry about
things like patching
operating systems.” Major US Telco Provider

10. “I want to move all
workloads from V(irtual) to
C(ontainers) so that we no
longer have to worry about
things like patching
operating systems.” Major US Telco Provider
like

11. patching operating
systems
like

12. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
App container

13. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer

14. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer

15. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer

16. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
App-team
Provided

17. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
App-team
Provided
HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer

18. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
OS Image
HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
Runtime Layer
OS Image
Runtime Layer
HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
Application Layer
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer Application Layer
Platform-
team
Provided
App-team
Provided
Trusted Container
Pipeline
We can
Repair
everything up to the
app itself
We can
Repair
the OS kernel

19. patching operating
systems
like
malware

20. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer

21. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer

22. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer

23. OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
OS Image
Runtime Layer
Application Layer
HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
You can
Repave
the entire environment
VERY Often!!!

24. like
prediction-based
capacity management
malware

25. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)

26. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)

27. HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)
HOST
Host OS
(Kernel)

28. Predictions
On-demand
Capacity
Management

29. Teams Managing Their Products
Database
WebServer
Messaging
Your Application Code
Virtualized
Infrastructure
PLATFORM
Platform Team
Application Team
Monitor application usage
and scale capacity up and
down as needed
Monitor platform usage
and scale capacity up and
down as needed
29
Quotas
are an important part
of the contract
between platform and
app teams
And this scaling may be
automated
at both layers

30. like
prediction-based
capacity management
load balancer
configuration

31. Imperative Systems Management
" Workflow:
○ Provision Machine
○ Install Operating
System & Middleware
○ Install App
○ Configure Firewall
○ …
○ Done!!!

32. Imperative Systems Management
" Workflow:
○ Provision Machine
○ Install Operating
System & Middleware
○ Install App
○ Configure Firewall
○ …
○ Done!!!

33. Lost Pod Instances Replaced
Image Cache
etcd
K8s Master
Worker Worker Worker
Kubernetes
Scheduler
Desired
State
Actual
State
Replica Set Controller
LoadBalancer

34. like
load balancer
configuration
…

35. Enables Platforms to do Even More
OS Patching
Repaving (i.e. against malware)
Auto scaling
Dynamic routing
…
Containerization Brings Value

36. © Copyright 2019 Pivotal Software, Inc. All rights Reserved.
Thank you!
Cornelia Davis
Vice President, Technology, Pivotal
cdavis@pivotal.io • @cdavisafc

37. Transforming How The World Builds Software
© Copyright 2017 Pivotal Software, Inc. All rights Reserved.