Slides from my Jfokus 2015 talk Abstract: ====== App deployment and server setup are complex, error-prone and time-consuming. They require OS installers, package managers, configuration recipes, install scripts, server hardening and more. But... Is this really necessary? What if we could start over and radically simplify all this? What if, within seconds, we could wrap our app into the smallest machine required to run it and transfer this machine unchanged from our laptop to the cloud? How do the various platforms and tools like AWS, Docker and Boxfuse fit into this picture? When should you use them? This talk is for developers and architects wishing to radically improve and simplify how they deploy their applications. It takes Continuous Delivery to a whole new level. Welcome to Immutable Infrastructure. This is the new black.

1. Immutable Server Generation
The New App Deployment
AXEL FONTAINE
@axelfontaine
axel@boxfuse.com

2. flywaydb.org

3. boxfuse.com

4. about
questions

5. POLL:
which level of automation are you at?
• Build
• Unit Tests
• Continuous Integration
• Acceptance Tests
• Continuous Deployment (Code)
• Continuous Deployment (Code + DB + Configuration)
• Infrastructure

6. Build Test

7. Build Test

8. • One immutable unit
• Regenerated after every change
• Promoted from Environment to Environment
Classic Mistake: Build per Environment

9. OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App

10. OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App

11. why aren’t we doing the same
for the server this is running on ???

12. what could possibly go wrong
in the other layers ???

13. missing software

14. wrong name

15. bad version

16. incorrect permissions

17. http://www.flickr.com/photos/travelinlibrarian/2409633653/sizes/l/
critical resource in use

18. what aren’t we holding our servers to the
same standards as our applications ???

19. how did we get into this mess ???

20. sometime in the 20th century …

22. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tdkc60cassette.jpg

24. OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
Build Test

25. OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
Build Test
App

26. OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
Updates UpdatesUpdates
Sysadmin

27. If I had asked my
customers what they
wanted they would have
said a faster horse.
Henry Ford

28. OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
Updates UpdatesUpdates
Sysadmin

29. OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
Updates UpdatesUpdates
Automated
Sysadmin

30. fast forward to 2015 …

31. Every day, AWS adds
enough server capacity
to power the whole $5B
enterprise Amazon.com
was in 2003.
Weekends included.

32. it is time to rethink the faster horse

33. App
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
Build Test

34. App
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
Build Test

35. App
Machine
Image
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
Build Test
Machine
Image

36. OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
Machine
Image
Machine
Image
Machine
Image

37. Machine
Image
Machine
Image
Machine
Image
Updates

38. but there is one big problem left …

39. Machine
Image
Network Cable

40. Machine
Image
Network Cable
Multiple
GB

41. Running servers in
production should be like
going backpacking. You
take the bare minimum
with you. Anything else
is going to hurt.
A Wise Man

42. what is really adding business value ???

43. Machine
Image
Network Cable

44. Editors
Daemons OS Kernel
Libraries
Utilities
Drivers
App
App Server
Package Mgr
Compilers
SSH
Firewall
Compatibility
Man Pages
Language
Log Files
Users
Shells
Machine
Image
Network Cable

45. OS Kernel
Libraries
App
App Server
Language
Bootable
App

46. 40 – 80
MB

47. Multiple
GB
40 – 80
MB

48. Network Cable
Bootable
App

49. who is this for ???

50. OS Kernel
Libraries
Language
App Server
App
12-factor app

51. demo

52. what is the big change ???

53. Focus shift
Individual servers become disposable
Server Service

54. Treat servers like cattle instead of pets

55. Treat servers like cattle instead of pets

56. what about the database ???

57. Bootable
App

58. what about the logs ???

59. Bootable
App

60. what about sessions ???

61. Session in cookie

62. what about the new versions ???

63. Load
Balancer
App
v1
App
v1
Logs
Availability Zone 1
Availability Zone 2

64. Load
Balancer
App
v1
App
v1
Logs
Availability Zone 1
Availability Zone 2

65. Load
Balancer
App
v2
App
v1
App
v2
App
v1
Logs
Availability Zone 1
Availability Zone 2

66. Load
Balancer
App
v2
App
v1
App
v2
App
v1
Logs
Availability Zone 1
Availability Zone 2

67. summary

68. • One immutable unit
• Regenerated after every change
• Promoted from Environment to Environment
Classic Mistake: Build per Environment

69. Bootable
App
• One immutable unit
• Regenerated after every change
• Promoted from Environment to Environment
Classic Mistake: Build per Environment

70. boxfuse.com

71. Thanks !
AXEL FONTAINE
@axelfontaine
axel@boxfuse.com
boxfuse.com