Presentation made by Jan van Schoonhoven, Netherlands, at the 9th annual network meeting of Senior Infrastructure & PPP Officials held at the OECD, Paris, on 1 March 2016

1. COP21
Challenges ahead and the role of
Public-Private Partnerships
28 February 2016

2. Jan van Schoonhoven
• Senior Advisor to the Government (MFA, EA, I&E) on PPP and
innovative financing : Special on Int. Water Ambition
– Executive Director of the UN PPP Centre of Excellence
– Director PPP of Ministry of Infrastructure
2 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment

3. Content
3 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
COP21: The challenges, What Challenges?
COP21: Who creates the Challenge?
COP21: Are we addressing the Challenge?
COP21: What's next?
Climate Change Mitigation
Climate Change Adaption
Climate Adaptation PPP Trent
COP21 and PPP - Suggestion

4. COP21: The challenges, What Challenges?
• CNN report Anderson Cooper tossed five candidates (Governor Lincoln
Chafee, Maryland governor Martin O’Malley, former Secretary of State Hillary
Clinton’s, Senator Jim Webb and Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders) on stage
the question:
“What is the greatest national security threat to the United States?”
• All said things like Middle East, Nuclear Weapons and Instability except:
Bernie Sanders nomination for the biggest national security issue: climate
change.
4 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment 28 February 2016

5. COP21: Who creates the Challenge?
• CO2 emissions the main problem for climate change.
– Each year we release almost 30 billion tons of CO2 into the atmosphere,
mainly as a result of burning fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas.
• Who is ‘We’;
– The energy generation and associated infrastructure
– The transport and associated infrastructure
– The industry
– Our own households
5 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment

6. COP21: Are we addressing the Challenge?
• Infrastructure GAP: annual 1 trillion estimated (UNCTAD)
– Infrastructure is one of the largest contributors to CO2
• Example: the world needs 200.000 houses a day
• A ton of cement/concrete produces 1 ton of CO2
• SDG focus on infra and economic development
• Erase Poverty : Resulting in an increase of CO2 (200 - 2000%)
• Energy for all : Coal and Fossil fuel still main source
: Traditional energy consumes mass water!
• Water for all : Making water cost much Energy!
6 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment

7. COP21: What's next?
• Climate Adaptation
– CO2 Emissions will grow
– Adaptation is not a discussion
• Look at existing infrastructure
• Rebuild instead of build
• Innovation for less row materials
• Climate Mitigation
– Essential to fight CO2
– Infrastructure major role
– Producing Green Energy
– Innovation
• Essential for reduction
• Less raw materials
7 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment

8. Climate Change Mitigation
• All clear:
– Energy main focus to reduce carbon dioxide
• Producing Green
• Use less
– PPP:
• Produce Green is one of the main investment in PPP the last 10 years
(wind and solar farms etc)
• Use less is one of the main topics in innovation and a large number of
partnerships are established
8 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment

9. Climate Change Adaption
• Challenge
– Use less
– Invest in counter measures
• PPP Challenge
– Use less could be a new ‘asset’ to look from a PPP en investment
perspective (renovation of existing infrastructure);
• Buildings
• Road and Rail infra (use less, Rail could use an impulse)
• Repair investment (see example)
9 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment

10. 10 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
OECD Water Governance in Cities (2016): Water Infrastructure
Europe

11. 11 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
OECD Water Governance in Cities (2016): Water Infrastructure
Europe

12. PPP and Climate Adaptation suggestion
12 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
Gemiddeld geven landen ongeveer 2-3% van hun BNP uit aan infrastructuur (NL zit op 1,4% in 2008, voor de crisis op de 2%), ter vergelijk, Nederland geeft bijnaGemiddeld geven landen ongeveer 2-3% van hun BNP uit aan infrastructuur (NL zit op 1,4% in 2008, voor de crisis op de 2%), ter vergelijk, Nederland geeft bijna
Infrastructure gap is around 1 Trillion US$
But ;
- App. 60% in Greenfield Projects – New Projects
- Remaining 40% in Brownfield Projects – Existing
-Example Afsluitdijk
- Water level higher
- Build something new
- Or existing

13. Afsluitdijk Project
13 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
The Afsluitdijk is existing Infrastructure an will de widened and higher
as result of climate change; A typical Climate Change Adaptation
Project.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K-FsJ0s2Lz4

14. COP21 and PPP - Suggestion
14 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
Climate Change Mitigation:
Most effective:
- Produce Green (much appetite for PPP)
Climate Adaptation:
Next generation:
- Use Less and look at renovate existing Infrastructure
- Invest in developing PPP – Financing Structures

15. Thank You
15 28 February 2016Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
Jan van Schoonhoven
InfraStructure and Innovative Financing
@: jan.van.schoonhoven@rws.nl
@: jan.van.schoonhoven@gmail.com
📞: +31652596136
Skype: jan-quietus