Convergent evolution of squid photophores and transcriptomes
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This PhD thesis by Sabrina Pankey examines bacteriogenic photophores, light-emitting organs found in some cephalopods that evolved independently through convergent evolution. The thesis finds that while photophores evolved multiple times, the transcriptomes of convergent photophores are unexpectedly similar. It analyzes gene expression and symbiotic bacteria in photophores of distantly related squid species, finding that convergent transcriptomes are as similar as homologous traits despite the organs evolving separately, supporting the idea that molecular convergence can follow phenotypic convergence.
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November
December
January
February
March
Sales
$300,000
$250,000
$275,000
$325,000
$350,000
Cash collected in month of sale
10%
Credit collections:
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10%
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Each question should have one amount in the answer field.
You must format your answers as follows: $x,xxx
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Total collections from credit sales for the quarter ending March 31, 2018.
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March
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Solution
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2. Different genes are suitable for phylogenetic analysis, with some like rRNA being problematic due to paralogs. Studies using multiple genes from different genomic compartments provide better resolution.
3. The origin of P. falciparum, which causes the most virulent human malaria, has been debated, with evidence it may have recently switched hosts from gorillas rather than co-diverging with humans. Further sampling of ape malarias is needed to resolve this.
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Given the following information for Nugget Corporation, answer the questions below.
November
December
January
February
March
Sales
$300,000
$250,000
$275,000
$325,000
$350,000
Cash collected in month of sale
10%
Credit collections:
Collected in month of sale
10%
Collected in month following the sale
75%
Collected in second month following the sale
15%
Each question should have one amount in the answer field.
You must format your answers as follows: $x,xxx
Total collections from cash sales for the quarter ending March 31, 2018.
Total collections from credit sales for the quarter ending March 31, 2018.
November
December
January
February
March
Sales
$300,000
$250,000
$275,000
$325,000
$350,000
Solution
1) Total collections from cash sales for the quarter ending March 31, 2018 $ 95,000
Working: January February March Total Sales $ 2,75,000
$ 3,25,000 $ 3,50,000 Cash Sales @ 10% $ 27,500 $ 32,500 $
35,000 $ 95,000 2) Total collections from credit sales for the
quarter ending March 31, 2018 $ 5,27,625 Working: November December
January February March Total Sales $ 3,00,000 $ 2,50,000 $ 2,75,000 $ 3,25,000 $
3,50,000 Credit Sales @ 90% $ 2,70,000 $ 2,25,000 $ 2,47,500 $ 2,92,500 $
3,15,000 Collection of credit sales in the month of: November
$ 27,000 December $ 2,02,500 $ 22,500 January $ 40,500
$ 1,68,750 $ 24,750 February $ 33,750 $ 1,85,625 $ 29,250 March
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Abstract
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Getting undergrads excited about evolution and science
This document summarizes research on the evolution of animal body plans and insights from genomics studies of marine invertebrates. It finds that basal metazoans like Placozoa, Cnidaria, Porifera, and Ctenophora exhibit a wide variety of body plans and life histories. The genome of Pleurobrachia bachei, a ctenophore, was sequenced which provides insights into the evolution of nervous systems. Analysis of Wnt signaling pathway genes in P. bachei found conservation with other animals and potential roles in development and neurotransmission. The study of P. bachei's genome involved undergraduate students and provided hands-on research experience in genomics.
Not All Quiet On The Biology Front
This document discusses how intrinsic noise in biological systems can both help and hinder cellular processes. It summarizes that intrinsic noise arises from the small number of molecules involved in cellular reactions, causing stochasticity. While noise can cause unwanted variability, it can also be beneficial by creating phenotypic heterogeneity and allowing positive feedback mechanisms to diversify cellular responses. The document examines how cells regulate noise through feedback loops and synchronization, and how noise may drive oscillations in population-level models, suggesting it could operate cellular clocks.
Human genetic variation and its contribution to complex traits
This document summarizes a meeting discussing the human genome and human genetic variation.
The key points are:
1) In June 2000, the first draft of the human genome was announced, with fully sequenced publications in 2001. This marked a major milestone in understanding the human genome.
2) Since then, over 11 million SNPs and thousands of structural variants have been discovered through projects like HapMap and large sequencing studies. However, the majority of rare variants are still unknown.
3) Genome-wide association studies since 2006 have identified over 300 genetic loci associated with over 80 human traits and diseases. However, determining the functional consequences and molecular mechanisms remains a major challenge.
Mundo viral
This document proposes a hypothesis for the origin of the three cellular domains of life - Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. It suggests that independent transfers of DNA viruses to existing RNA cells gave rise to the three domains. Each transfer stabilized a different version of the proteins involved in translation. The existence of three different founder DNA viruses also explains why each domain has distinct DNA replication machinery. This model aims to address weaknesses in other models and explain why informational proteins differ across domains.
Smbe 2013 talk
This document summarizes a scientific paper on understanding the contributions of prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) to the eukaryotic genome through a network approach. The paper characterized six types of evolutionary units, five of which involve mosaic lineages generated by horizontal gene transfer. It introduced terminology based on networks of three nodes ("P3s") and "mosaic P3s" to detect these units. Recognizing these evolutionary relationships beyond vertical descent stimulates rethinking key questions in evolution, like early evolution, novelty origins, and lineage formation. This expands understanding of biological complexity beyond genealogy to additional sources of diversity.
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Bringing reason to phenotype diversity, character change, and common descent
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IEA - Expressão gênica: é complexo mesmo ou só estão faltando partes?
IEA - Expressão gênica: é complexo mesmo ou só estão faltando partes?
l) Give several pieces of evidence that RNA preceded proteins and DNA.pdf
l) Give several pieces of evidence that RNA preceded proteins and DNA.pdf
Reasoning over phenotype diversity, character change, and evolutionary descent
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Using P-Element Induced Male Recombination To Generate A...
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Evidence for symmetric chromosomal inversions around the replication origin i...
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Getting undergrads excited about evolution and science
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bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
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Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
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mitigated, at least in part.
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Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless ReproducibilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
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Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
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ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
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Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
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s
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Unlocking the mysteries of reproduction: Exploring fecundity and gonadosomati...
The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
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Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
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Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
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EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
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Convergent evolution of squid photophores and transcriptomes
- 1. Cephalopod’s Tale (PhD thesis of Sabrina Pankey) What are bacteriogenic photophores, what do they do? They evolved more than once in cephalopods Transcriptomes of convergent photophores are unexpectedly, predictably similar
- 2. What If…We Could “Replay the Tape””
- 3. Does molecular convergence follow phenotypic convergence?
- 4. What are bacteriogenic photophores, what do they do?
- 5. Photophores of Squid House a Vibrio symbiosis
- 6. Physiological Morphological (Response to light) R-opsin Gq PLC TRP Phototransduction Genes Tong,Rosas,Oakley,Mitchell,Colley,McFall-Ngai. PNAS (2009) Transcription factors Pax6, Dac, Eya, Six Peyer, Pankey, Oakley,McFall-Ngai. Mech Dev (2014)
- 7. Bacteriogenic photophores evolved more than once.
- 8. A phylogenetic hypothesis for convergent origins
- 9. A phylogenetic hypothesis for convergent origins
- 10. Distantly related squid harboring bioluminescent symbionts
- 11. Distantly related squid harboring bioluminescent symbionts
- 12. Distantly related squid harboring bioluminescent symbionts
- 13. Distantly related squid harboring bioluminescent symbionts
- 14. Overall gene expression in convergent photophores is unexpectedly similar.
- 15. How does overall gene expression in convergent traits compare to expression in homologous traits?
- 16. Most variation in gene expression is species differences
- 17. Photophores cluster together based on gene expression
- 18. Convergent Transcriptomes as similar as Homologous Transcriptomes Pankey et al PNAS (2014)
- 19. Conclusions
- 20. A ‘Replay of the Tape’ yielded remarkably similar outcomes
- 21. Does molecular convergence follow phenotypic convergence?