This document discusses the design of an embedded system that monitors heart rate using a heartbeat sensor and sends alerts via GSM. It includes chapters on the hardware components used like the 8051 microcontroller, power supply, LCD, GSM module and GPS. It describes the programming of the microcontroller to read sensor data and send SMS messages using AT commands. The experimental work section explains the working of the heartbeat sensor. The conclusion discusses potential future applications like incorporating location tracking via GPS and sending real-time health updates.

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CONTENT
Name PageNo.
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………… ……….iii
LIST OF TABLES………………………………………………………………………ix
LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………………………..x
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Main objective…………………………………………………………3
1.2 List of components used………………………………………………………………….3
1.3 Circuit Diagram of Project…………………………………………………………… ……..4
1.4 Block diagram of project………………………………………………………………………………………………………5
CHAPTER 2 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
2.1 8051 microcontroller introduction…………………………………………………..6
2.2 Types of microcontroller……………………………………………………………..7
2.2.1 Intel 8051 and its family…………………………………………………………..8
2.2.2 PIC MICROCONTROLLER (Microchip Technology)………………..................9
2.3 Amazing invention of microcontroller ……………………………… …………………...9
2.4 Pin Diagram of 8051……… …………………………………………. …………………...10
2.5 Pin description of 8051 ……………………………………………………………………11
2.6 c program of embedded system …………………………………………………...12
2.7Regulated DC Power Supply……………………………………………………………….21
2.8 Rectifier ………………………………………………………………………………..30
2.9 Smoothing ………………………………………………………………………………..32
2.10 LM 7805 ……………………………………………………………………………….33
2.11 Types of capacitors ……………………………………………………………...35
2.12 LCD Description…………………………………………………………………………38

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CHAPTER 3 AT COMMANDS
3.1 Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………….41
3.2 AT Commands……………………………………………………………………………..42
3.3 Operating Modes ……………………………………………………………………….43
3.4 Testing GSM modem………………………………………………………………………43
3.5 Sending SMS using GSM Modem…………………………………………………………44
CHAPTER 4 SERIAL COMMUNICATION
4.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………..45
4.2 Serial Buses……………………………………………………………………………….46
4.3 Serial vs. Parallel ………………………………………………………………………47
4.4 RS232 ……………………………………………………………………………….48
4.5 Scope of the standard………………………………………………………………………48
4.6 voltage levels ………………………………………………………………………………49
4.7 RS232 interfacing with microcontroller …………………………………………………..50
CHAPTER 5 GSM
5.1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..52
5.2 Description of GSM module and SIM300 specification…………………………..53
5.3 GSM module with sim300…………………………………………………………55
5.4 GPS………………………………………………………………………………………...56
5.4.1 Working and Operation………………………………………………………….57
5.4.2 Factors that affect GPS…………………………………………………………..58
5.4.3 GPS Applications………………………………………………………………..59

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CHAPTER 6 EXPERIMENTAL WORK DONE
6.1 HEARTBEAT SENSOR ………………………………………………………………...60
5.6.2 Working of heart beat sensor……………………………………………………...61
CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
7.1 future scope ……………………………………………………………62
7.2 conclusions……………………………………………………………..62
REFERENCES …………………………………………………………63