Globalization is transforming cultures through the flows of ideas, technology, media and finance across borders. Neoliberal policies have liberalized markets and deregulated capital, integrating national economies but limiting cultural autonomy. Cultural globalization is characterized by complex, disjunctive flows that are one-way in places, creating hybrid cultures rather than homogenization. Consumption patterns are shaped by social factors like deprivation, tastes, and habits rather than just utilitarian needs.

1. GLOBALIZATION & CONSUMPTION

2. GLOBALIZATION
Hyperglobalisation
Incessant march of globalization
Impending end of nation states
Transformationalism and scepticism

3. Economics, Information and Internationalism
Neoliberalism: Liberalisation of national mrkets, deregulation of
capital flows, Minimum trade restrictions and more right to investors.
Culture here becomes the economic good: No restrictions on cultural
import, No protection of national cultural forms, global mergers and
joint ventures, No cultural autonomy to nations

4. DISJUNCTIVE FLOWS
Thnoscapes, technoscapes, financescapes, mediascapes and
ideoscapes
cultural flows are seen as overlapping, overdetermined and complex
and chaotic.
global flows of cultural discourses are constituted as one way traffic
we cannot say that the world is becoming again homogenized,
because of forces of fragmentation and hybridity are equally as
strong.

5. CONSUMPTION
Social deprivation
Taste and Distinction and habitus
Post-utilitarian