The document provides guidance on constructing effective test questions and summarizes key principles of item writing. It discusses the two main categories of test items - objective items like multiple choice that require selecting a response, and subjective items like essays that require an original answer. For objective items, it offers tips for writing multiple choice and true-false questions like keeping stems concise and alternatives mutually exclusive. For subjective items, it discusses writing essay questions that clearly define the task and can be reliably scored. Overall, the document emphasizes designing questions that measure important learning at appropriate cognitive levels and can be fairly and reliably assessed.