Analysis of:
- Neal, M. A. (2005). New black man. New York: Routledge.
- Chapter 3 -- Queers in a Barrel
- Gross, L. (2001). Up from invisibility: Lesbians, gay men, and the media in America. Columbia University Press.
- Chapter 1 -- The Mediated Society
- Chapter 3 -- Stonewall and Beyond
- Chapter 5 -- Television Takes Over
- Chapter 7 -- Journalism's Closet Open
- Chapter 8 --Breaking the Code of Silence
- Chapter 11 -- Beyond Prime Time
- Chapter 13 -- Old Stories and New Technologies
Presentation on the history and current state of urban fiction including many examples, covers, and author, and publisher lists. Great for librarians looking to start or expand a collection!
Presentation on the history and current state of urban fiction including many examples, covers, and author, and publisher lists. Great for librarians looking to start or expand a collection!
Broadcast Ownership: The ongoing struggle for equal access by women and minor...Dr. Aitza Haddad Nuñez
This study takes a critical empirical approach to examine an ongoing struggle by women and racial minorities to own broadcast radio and television companies in United States. The study focuses on a recent ownership report published by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in spring 2014 to illustrate the status of the women and minorities’ ownership as a way of advancing the argument that policy reform is long overdue. In short, the present analysis of the Spring 2014 FCC Ownership Report aims to provide a clearer and broader picture of who owns the media, and according to communication theories and discourse analysis, the creation of language and knowledge. The goal is to become a starting point of an in-depth exploration of why is the current media not serving the unique set of needs, claims, and values of all groups in a society.
An analysis of Chapter 11 and Chapter 12 Analysis of "Political Economy: A Comparative Approach," 2nd Edition, by Barry Clark
Aitza M. Haddad Nunez
Spring 2015
Chapter 8: “Who Says It”: Source Factors in Persuasion
Chapter 9: Fundamentals of the Message
Chapter 10: Emotional Message Appeals: Fear and Guilt
Perloff, R. M. (2014). The dynamics of persuasion: communication and attitudes in the twenty-first century. Routledge.
How did the 1920s fall into fascism, and how did we start walking down a similar road? How does Rowling's story of angry Grindelwald and his quest for Wizard Supremacy mirror it? Parallels between then and now.
Does popular culture change how society views an idea Or does popul.docxblossomblackbourne
Does popular culture change how society views an idea? Or does popular culture reinforce dominant ideas, thereby slowing the pace of change?
This week’s Discussion is broken into various threads, each of which focuses on a specific social issue. Your main post should be in the thread that corresponds to the artifact you have chosen for your Final Project. This will allow you to get a good start on your research. However, feel free to respond to classmates in any thread that interests you. Reading about how others approach their selected issues can inspire new ways to think about your own.
To prepare, read through this week’s Learning Resources.
For this Discussion, your Instructor will either
assign groups to threads
or
direct you to choose one thread
from the choices listed for this week.
If you are directed to choose a thread on your own, follow these instructions:
Each thread is limited to a maximum number of students based on class size. A thread will close if the limit is reached. If a thread is closed to new posters, select from the open threads.
Discussion Prompts for Each Thread:
Gender/Sexuality
Popular culture has played a significant role in how gender and sexuality have been viewed over time. The term
gender
refers to masculine and feminine and includes transgender issues. The term
sexuality
refers to relations between people, whether heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual.
One significant popular culture sexuality moment occurred when the title character on the TV show
Ellen
, Ellen Morgan, played by Ellen DeGeneres, came out in a 1997 broadcast as gay. She became the first openly lesbian actress playing an openly lesbian character. Several other TV shows today include openly homosexual characters.
Consider how audiences over time have received TV representations of gender and sexuality. Have popular culture representations of gender and sexuality pushed the issue forward? Or have they reinforced dominant ideas of what is “normal” and thereby slowed down society’s acceptance of a broader understanding of gender and sexuality?
Race
Popular culture has played a significant role in how race has been viewed over time. Different races and ethnicities have frequently been portrayed as stereotypes.
Popular culture can have a profound effect on how an audience views racial issues. For example,
The Cosby Show
, which aired on NBC from 1984 to 1992, was the first time that a successful U.S. television show had portrayed an African-American family as upper middle class.
One of the show’s premises was that it did not deal primarily with race issues. Although themes such as the Civil Rights Movement and African-American art and music were present, it was the representation of an African-American family as professionals with the same family issues as white American families that shifted perceptions of race. What about Latin Americans and South Americans? What about Romani, sometimes referred to as "travelers" or "traveling commu.
Why should you incorporate Latin American Studies into your course? What are some pedagogical considerations? And what are some topics (and resources) that you can use? This presentation aims to provide pedagogical and content considerations to college and upper-level high school faculty who'd like to include more content on this region of half a billion people.
The Usage of PollEverywhere by Howard University Faculty Who Took PollEverywh...Dr. Aitza Haddad Nuñez
This study presumes that HBCUs would be specially affected by the integration of technology into the college classroom as a strategy to enhance the active teaching/learning process. In this sense, this study aims to collect preliminary data on the usage of PollEverywhere by faculty members at Howard University, a well-known HBCU, that can be used as a basis for further explorations.
The study examines the efficacy of the free software Socrative in:
- Enhancing attendance taking routines
- Improving engagement and participation
- Improving learning outcomes
- Enhancing process of course preparation
- Underscore the importance of the 7 Principles of Undergraduate Teaching and Learning
Chapter 7: Processing Persuasive Communication
Chapter 12: Interpersonal Communication
Chapter 11: Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Perloff, R. M. (2014). The dynamics of persuasion: communication and attitudes in the twenty-first century. Routledge.
Perloff, R. M. (2010). The dynamics of persuasion: communication and attitudes in the twenty-first century. Routledge.
Chapter 3: Attitudes: Definition & Structure
Chapter 4:The Power of Our Passions: Theory & Research on Strong Attitudes
Chapter 5: Attitudes: Functions & Consequences
Hackman, M. Z., & Johnson, C. E. (2013). Leadership: A communication perspective. Waveland Press.
Chapter 1: Leadership and Communication
Chapter 2: Leadership and Followership Communication Styles
Division II: Interpersonal Communication
Interpersonal Message
Chapters 5 to 7
Relationship Development
Chapters 8 to 10
A First Look at Communication Theory9th EditionGriffin, Ledbetter & Sparks
International communication, national identity, and political change: The rol...Dr. Aitza Haddad Nuñez
In the first comprehensive analysis of the political economy of the mass media of Puerto Rico, done in the early 1990’s, Subervi-Vélez, Hernández-López & Frambes-Buxeda concluded that the fundamental factor shaping Puerto Rico’s media system was the Island’s status with the United States. In spite of some structural continuities across the decades, the world of international communications, especially the news media world, which is dominated mainly by United States capital, is not only one of the factors shaping the political status of the Island, but also one of the fundamental factors informing and contributing to the ongoing colonial relationship between Puerto Rico and United States today. Because of the importance of access and voice in media coverage, and of media representations, for the individual and collective process of national identity formation, and for assuring a place in the policy-making process, this study explores several questions, which can be sum in two: 1) whether there is a relationship between news media coverage of Puerto Rico and Puerto Ricans by major news media networks, and the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions about Puerto Rico and Puerto Ricans by U.S. residents of the mainland and the ones living in the Island; and 2) how these knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions are similar or differ. The hypothesis is that news about Puerto Rico and Puerto Ricans are not only scarce, but also very limited in its scope and focus, especially with respect to the real political, economic, social, and cultural dynamics of the Island and its people. In essence, this study suggests that news and information about this territory, in the midst of intense deliberations about its future status with the U.S. are not presented in any regular nor substantial way in the news media that shape public knowledge and opinions. Such invisibility has potentially detrimental consequences, not only for Puerto Rico and Puerto Ricans national identity and cultural value, but also for U.S. internal and foreign policies and affairs.
Campbell, R., et al. (2011). Chapter 14: Media economics and the global marketplace. Media Essentials: A Brief Introduction. Bedford/St.Martin’s. p.394-419
Mass communication: A critical, social scientific and cultural approachDr. Aitza Haddad Nuñez
Chapter 1: Mass Communication: A Critical Approach Chapter 15: Social Scientific and Cultural Approaches to Media ResearchCampbell, R., et al. (2011). Media Essentials: A Brief Introduction. Bedford/St.Martin’s. p.3-29, p.420-443
In March 2, 1917, the Jones Act was approved granting U.S. citizenship to people born in P.R. and providing the residents of P.R. with a “Charter of Rights.” That Bill of Rights included inter alia the “due process” of law when a citizen's life, liberty or property are violated; the right to “Habeas Corpus”; prohibition of ex post facto laws; the just compensation for expropriated property; the right to bail; the right to be innocent until proven guilty; the right to freedom of speech and press; and numerous other provisions under the Constitution of the United Together. In 1948, the U.S. Supreme Court expressed in Foley Brothers Inc. v. Filardo, 336 U.S. 281, that it was a well-established principle of law that all federal legislation applies only within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States unless a contrary intent appears. It was later established that P.R. was to be subject to the Congress’ plenary powers under the “territorial clause” of Article IV, sec. 3, of the U.S. Constitution and that due to the establishment of the Federal Relations Act of 1950 all federal laws that are “not locally inapplicable” were to be automatically the law of the land in P.R.
In 1951, the U.S. Congress approved Public Law 600, authorizing P.R. to draft its own constitution. In July 25, 1952, the Puerto Rican Constitution was approved by a popular referendum and ratified by the U.S. Congress, with a “few amendments.” U.S. maintained an ultimate sovereignty over P.R. while at the same time it gave Puerto Ricans certain degree of autonomy over the island. Under the Territorial Clause, the autonomy recognized to the island has being interpreted by the U.S. Congress as recognition of the sovereignty over the island. In 1976 the U.S. Supreme Court indicated that the purpose of Congress in the legislations of 1950 and 1952 was to accord to P.R. the degree of autonomy and independence normally associated with a State of the Union. In that same year the Puerto Rican Supreme Court, posed with the question of what should be the relationship between the 4th Amendment of the Federal Constitution, and section 10 of article II of the Puerto Rican Constitution, concluded that P.R. remains subject to the will of Congress as to what rights are applicable and which not and that 4th Amendment describes the minimum level of security to be recognize by states, borders that can be expanded but not reduced. In short, because more than 150 years of constitutional development and civil rights struggles around the world as well as the “Universal Declaration of Human Rights” and the “American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man,” both from 1948, were taken into account, P.R. was be able to draft a Bill of Rights more extensive and progressive than the one written by the drafters of the U.S. Constitution in the 18th century. In response to that struggle the P.R. Constitution recognizes the constitutional rights of the U.S. Constitutio
Young Tom Selleck: A Journey Through His Early Years and Rise to Stardomgreendigital
Introduction
When one thinks of Hollywood legends, Tom Selleck is a name that comes to mind. Known for his charming smile, rugged good looks. and the iconic mustache that has become synonymous with his persona. Tom Selleck has had a prolific career spanning decades. But, the journey of young Tom Selleck, from his early years to becoming a household name. is a story filled with determination, talent, and a touch of luck. This article delves into young Tom Selleck's life, background, early struggles. and pivotal moments that led to his rise in Hollywood.
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Early Life and Background
Family Roots and Childhood
Thomas William Selleck was born in Detroit, Michigan, on January 29, 1945. He was the second of four children in a close-knit family. His father, Robert Dean Selleck, was a real estate investor and executive. while his mother, Martha Selleck, was a homemaker. The Selleck family relocated to Sherman Oaks, California. when Tom was a child, setting the stage for his future in the entertainment industry.
Education and Early Interests
Growing up, young Tom Selleck was an active and athletic child. He attended Grant High School in Van Nuys, California. where he excelled in sports, particularly basketball. His tall and athletic build made him a standout player, and he earned a basketball scholarship to the University of Southern California (U.S.C.). While at U.S.C., Selleck studied business administration. but his interests shifted toward acting.
Discovery of Acting Passion
Tom Selleck's journey into acting was serendipitous. During his time at U.S.C., a drama coach encouraged him to try acting. This nudge led him to join the Hills Playhouse, where he began honing his craft. Transitioning from an aspiring athlete to an actor took time. but young Tom Selleck became drawn to the performance world.
Early Career Struggles
Breaking Into the Industry
The path to stardom was a challenging one for young Tom Selleck. Like many aspiring actors, he faced many rejections and struggled to find steady work. A series of minor roles and guest appearances on television shows marked his early career. In 1965, he debuted on the syndicated show "The Dating Game." which gave him some exposure but did not lead to immediate success.
The Commercial Breakthrough
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Selleck began appearing in television commercials. His rugged good looks and charismatic presence made him a popular brand choice. He starred in advertisements for Pepsi-Cola, Revlon, and Close-Up toothpaste. These commercials provided financial stability and helped him gain visibility in the industry.
Struggling Actor in Hollywood
Despite his success in commercials. breaking into large acting roles remained a challenge for young Tom Selleck. He auditioned and took on small parts in T.V. shows and movies. Some of his early television appearances included roles in popular series like Lancer, The F.B.I., and Bracken's World. But, it would take a
From the Editor's Desk: 115th Father's day Celebration - When we see Father's day in Hindu context, Nanda Baba is the most vivid figure which comes to the mind. Nanda Baba who was the foster father of Lord Krishna is known to provide love, care and affection to Lord Krishna and Balarama along with his wife Yashoda; Letter’s to the Editor: Mother's Day - Mother is a precious life for their children. Mother is life breath for her children. Mother's lap is the world happiness whose debt can never be paid.
In the vast landscape of cinema, stories have been told, retold, and reimagined in countless ways. At the heart of this narrative evolution lies the concept of a "remake". A successful remake allows us to revisit cherished tales through a fresh lens, often reflecting a different era's perspective or harnessing the power of advanced technology. Yet, the question remains, what makes a remake successful? Today, we will delve deeper into this subject, identifying the key ingredients that contribute to the success of a remake.
As a movie director, I am often asked about the process of creating an indie film. It's a journey of passion, perseverance, and planning, and today, I'm going to take you through it.
Meet Dinah Mattingly – Larry Bird’s Partner in Life and Loveget joys
Get an intimate look at Dinah Mattingly’s life alongside NBA icon Larry Bird. From their humble beginnings to their life today, discover the love and partnership that have defined their relationship.
Maximizing Your Streaming Experience with XCIPTV- Tips for 2024.pdfXtreame HDTV
In today’s digital age, streaming services have become an integral part of our entertainment lives. Among the myriad of options available, XCIPTV stands out as a premier choice for those seeking seamless, high-quality streaming. This comprehensive guide will delve into the features, benefits, and user experience of XCIPTV, illustrating why it is a top contender in the IPTV industry.
Tom Selleck Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysisgreendigital
Over several decades, Tom Selleck, a name synonymous with charisma. From his iconic role as Thomas Magnum in the television series "Magnum, P.I." to his enduring presence in "Blue Bloods," Selleck has captivated audiences with his versatility and charm. As a result, "Tom Selleck net worth" has become a topic of great interest among fans. and financial enthusiasts alike. This article delves deep into Tom Selleck's wealth, exploring his career, assets, endorsements. and business ventures that contribute to his impressive economic standing.
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Early Life and Career Beginnings
The Foundation of Tom Selleck's Wealth
Born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, Tom Selleck grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. His journey towards building a large net worth began with humble origins. , Selleck pursued a business administration degree at the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. But, his interest shifted towards acting. leading him to study at the Hills Playhouse under Milton Katselas.
Minor roles in television and films marked Selleck's early career. He appeared in commercials and took on small parts in T.V. series such as "The Dating Game" and "Lancer." These initial steps, although modest. laid the groundwork for his future success and the growth of Tom Selleck net worth. Breakthrough with "Magnum, P.I."
The Role that Defined Tom Selleck's Career
Tom Selleck's breakthrough came with the role of Thomas Magnum in the CBS television series "Magnum, P.I." (1980-1988). This role made him a household name and boosted his net worth. The series' popularity resulted in Selleck earning large salaries. leading to financial stability and increased recognition in Hollywood.
"Magnum P.I." garnered high ratings and critical acclaim during its run. Selleck's portrayal of the charming and resourceful private investigator resonated with audiences. making him one of the most beloved television actors of the 1980s. The success of "Magnum P.I." played a pivotal role in shaping Tom Selleck net worth, establishing him as a major star.
Film Career and Diversification
Expanding Tom Selleck's Financial Portfolio
While "Magnum, P.I." was a cornerstone of Selleck's career, he did not limit himself to television. He ventured into films, further enhancing Tom Selleck net worth. His filmography includes notable movies such as "Three Men and a Baby" (1987). which became the highest-grossing film of the year, and its sequel, "Three Men and a Little Lady" (1990). These box office successes contributed to his wealth.
Selleck's versatility allowed him to transition between genres. from comedies like "Mr. Baseball" (1992) to westerns such as "Quigley Down Under" (1990). This diversification showcased his acting range. and provided many income streams, reinforcing Tom Selleck net worth.
Television Resurgence with "Blue Bloods"
Sustaining Wealth through Consistent Success
In 2010, Tom Selleck began starring as Frank Reagan i
Matt Rife Cancels Shows Due to Health Concerns, Reschedules Tour Dates.pdfAzura Everhart
Matt Rife's comedy tour took an unexpected turn. He had to cancel his Bloomington show due to a last-minute medical emergency. Fans in Chicago will also have to wait a bit longer for their laughs, as his shows there are postponed. Rife apologized and assured fans he'd be back on stage soon.
https://www.theurbancrews.com/celeb/matt-rife-cancels-bloomington-show/
Meet Crazyjamjam - A TikTok Sensation | Blog EternalBlog Eternal
Crazyjamjam, the TikTok star everyone's talking about! Uncover her secrets to success, viral trends, and more in this exclusive feature on Blog Eternal.
Source: https://blogeternal.com/celebrity/crazyjamjam-leaks/
Modern Radio Frequency Access Control Systems: The Key to Efficiency and SafetyAITIX LLC
Today's fast-paced environment worries companies of all sizes about efficiency and security. Businesses are constantly looking for new and better solutions to solve their problems, whether it's data security or facility access. RFID for access control technologies have revolutionized this.
240529_Teleprotection Global Market Report 2024.pdfMadhura TBRC
The teleprotection market size has grown
exponentially in recent years. It will grow from
$21.92 billion in 2023 to $28.11 billion in 2024 at a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 28.2%. The
teleprotection market size is expected to see
exponential growth in the next few years. It will grow
to $70.77 billion in 2028 at a compound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of 26.0%.
Scandal! Teasers June 2024 on etv Forum.co.zaIsaac More
Monday, 3 June 2024
Episode 47
A friend is compelled to expose a manipulative scheme to prevent another from making a grave mistake. In a frantic bid to save Jojo, Phakamile agrees to a meeting that unbeknownst to her, will seal her fate.
Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Episode 48
A mother, with her son's best interests at heart, finds him unready to heed her advice. Motshabi finds herself in an unmanageable situation, sinking fast like in quicksand.
Wednesday, 5 June 2024
Episode 49
A woman fabricates a diabolical lie to cover up an indiscretion. Overwhelmed by guilt, she makes a spontaneous confession that could be devastating to another heart.
Thursday, 6 June 2024
Episode 50
Linda unwittingly discloses damning information. Nhlamulo and Vuvu try to guide their friend towards the right decision.
Friday, 7 June 2024
Episode 51
Jojo's life continues to spiral out of control. Dintle weaves a web of lies to conceal that she is not as successful as everyone believes.
Monday, 10 June 2024
Episode 52
A heated confrontation between lovers leads to a devastating admission of guilt. Dintle's desperation takes a new turn, leaving her with dwindling options.
Tuesday, 11 June 2024
Episode 53
Unable to resort to violence, Taps issues a verbal threat, leaving Mdala unsettled. A sister must explain her life choices to regain her brother's trust.
Wednesday, 12 June 2024
Episode 54
Winnie makes a very troubling discovery. Taps follows through on his threat, leaving a woman reeling. Layla, oblivious to the truth, offers an incentive.
Thursday, 13 June 2024
Episode 55
A nosy relative arrives just in time to thwart a man's fatal decision. Dintle manipulates Khanyi to tug at Mo's heartstrings and get what she wants.
Friday, 14 June 2024
Episode 56
Tlhogi is shocked by Mdala's reaction following the revelation of their indiscretion. Jojo is in disbelief when the punishment for his crime is revealed.
Monday, 17 June 2024
Episode 57
A woman reprimands another to stay in her lane, leading to a damning revelation. A man decides to leave his broken life behind.
Tuesday, 18 June 2024
Episode 58
Nhlamulo learns that due to his actions, his worst fears have come true. Caiphus' extravagant promises to suppliers get him into trouble with Ndu.
Wednesday, 19 June 2024
Episode 59
A woman manages to kill two birds with one stone. Business doom looms over Chillax. A sobering incident makes a woman realize how far she's fallen.
Thursday, 20 June 2024
Episode 60
Taps' offer to help Nhlamulo comes with hidden motives. Caiphus' new ideas for Chillax have MaHilda excited. A blast from the past recognizes Dintle, not for her newfound fame.
Friday, 21 June 2024
Episode 61
Taps is hungry for revenge and finds a rope to hang Mdala with. Chillax's new job opportunity elicits mixed reactions from the public. Roommates' initial meeting starts off on the wrong foot.
Monday, 24 June 2024
Episode 62
Taps seizes new information and recruits someone on the inside. Mary's new job
As a film director, I have always been awestruck by the magic of animation. Animation, a medium once considered solely for the amusement of children, has undergone a significant transformation over the years. Its evolution from a rudimentary form of entertainment to a sophisticated form of storytelling has stirred my creativity and expanded my vision, offering limitless possibilities in the realm of cinematic storytelling.
Skeem Saam in June 2024 available on ForumIsaac More
Monday, June 3, 2024 - Episode 241: Sergeant Rathebe nabs a top scammer in Turfloop. Meikie is furious at her uncle's reaction to the truth about Ntswaki.
Tuesday, June 4, 2024 - Episode 242: Babeile uncovers the truth behind Rathebe’s latest actions. Leeto's announcement shocks his employees, and Ntswaki’s ordeal haunts her family.
Wednesday, June 5, 2024 - Episode 243: Rathebe blocks Babeile from investigating further. Melita warns Eunice to stay clear of Mr. Kgomo.
Thursday, June 6, 2024 - Episode 244: Tbose surrenders to the police while an intruder meddles in his affairs. Rathebe's secret mission faces a setback.
Friday, June 7, 2024 - Episode 245: Rathebe’s antics reach Kganyago. Tbose dodges a bullet, but a nightmare looms. Mr. Kgomo accuses Melita of witchcraft.
Monday, June 10, 2024 - Episode 246: Ntswaki struggles on her first day back at school. Babeile is stunned by Rathebe’s romance with Bullet Mabuza.
Tuesday, June 11, 2024 - Episode 247: An unexpected turn halts Rathebe’s investigation. The press discovers Mr. Kgomo’s affair with a young employee.
Wednesday, June 12, 2024 - Episode 248: Rathebe chases a criminal, resorting to gunfire. Turf High is rife with tension and transfer threats.
Thursday, June 13, 2024 - Episode 249: Rathebe traps Kganyago. John warns Toby to stop harassing Ntswaki.
Friday, June 14, 2024 - Episode 250: Babeile is cleared to investigate Rathebe. Melita gains Mr. Kgomo’s trust, and Jacobeth devises a financial solution.
Monday, June 17, 2024 - Episode 251: Rathebe feels the pressure as Babeile closes in. Mr. Kgomo and Eunice clash. Jacobeth risks her safety in pursuit of Kganyago.
Tuesday, June 18, 2024 - Episode 252: Bullet Mabuza retaliates against Jacobeth. Pitsi inadvertently reveals his parents’ plans. Nkosi is shocked by Khwezi’s decision on LJ’s future.
Wednesday, June 19, 2024 - Episode 253: Jacobeth is ensnared in deceit. Evelyn is stressed over Toby’s case, and Letetswe reveals shocking academic results.
Thursday, June 20, 2024 - Episode 254: Elizabeth learns Jacobeth is in Mpumalanga. Kganyago's past is exposed, and Lehasa discovers his son is in KZN.
Friday, June 21, 2024 - Episode 255: Elizabeth confirms Jacobeth’s dubious activities in Mpumalanga. Rathebe lies about her relationship with Bullet, and Jacobeth faces theft accusations.
Monday, June 24, 2024 - Episode 256: Rathebe spies on Kganyago. Lehasa plans to retrieve his son from KZN, fearing what awaits.
Tuesday, June 25, 2024 - Episode 257: MaNtuli fears for Kwaito’s safety in Mpumalanga. Mr. Kgomo and Melita reconcile.
Wednesday, June 26, 2024 - Episode 258: Kganyago makes a bold escape. Elizabeth receives a shocking message from Kwaito. Mrs. Khoza defends her husband against scam accusations.
Thursday, June 27, 2024 - Episode 259: Babeile's skillful arrest changes the game. Tbose and Kwaito face a hostage crisis.
Friday, June 28, 2024 - Episode 260: Two women face the reality of being scammed. Turf is rocked by breaking
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2. OVERVIEW
• Neal, M. A. (2005). New black man. New York:
Routledge.
– Chapter 3 – Queers in a Barrel
• Gross, L. (2001). Up from invisibility: Lesbians, gay
men, and the media in America. Columbia
University Press.
– Chapter 1 – The Mediated Society
– Chapter 3 – Stonewall and Beyond
– Chapter 5 – Television Takes Over
– Chapter 7 – Journalism‟s Closet Open
– Chapter 8 –Breaking the Code of Silence
– Chapter 11 – Beyond Prime Time
– Chapter 13 – Old Stories and New Technologies
3. Neal, M. A. (2005). New black man. New York: Routledge.
QUEERS IN A BARREL
4. Where are the “Real men”?
• Were the “women‟s movements” what turned
males into gays?
– Collective fear of African-Americans
• Homosexuality will become pervasive in the
community.
– “Not Natural” (?)
• It‟s outing airing “dirty laundry”?
– Or there is a social need to know that
recognized or important people are or were
gay?
• How is the Black male intellectual and professional
endangering his status as Black and as male?
– How being a Black male feminist queers a
heterosexual Black male‟s identity?
5. • Acceptable black identities (?)
– Heterosexism ↔ Homophobia
• Hierarchy of sins
– Homosexuality worst or the worst
» Anti-Semitism v. Homophobia
• Classroom v. Barbershop (and other
institutions)
– Black male nurse (?)
• Two separate worlds?
– Being perceived as gay as dangerous as actually
being gay
• Living the Life – DL
– Subculture that provides spaces for Black gay
males to fully express their sexuality
• Demonization of Hip Hop
– Homie-sexuals
6. • Middle ground between racial and sexual
identity (?)
– Demonization of Black gay male for the raise of
HIV
• Responsibility of outing those who are spreading
it (?)
– Why these man chose the DL in the first place?
• Public debate about gay marriage
– Forum for Black ministers to expose their
concerns about homosexuality
• Truth of the Bible
– Are our homophobic views driven our reading of
the Bible, rather than the Bible shaping our
views?
• Silence surrounding homosexual attacks
– Love and Gunn – is violence justified?
7. Gross, L. (2001). Up from invisibility: Lesbians, gay men, and the
media in America. Columbia University Press.
8. Chapter 1 – The Mediated Society
• Today‟s Mass Media:
– Central and remote from their audiences
– Interconnected commercial enterprises in
the business of buying and selling products.
• Primary Product – audience (p.2)
• What happens when 3 of the 5 top selling
magazines in the country are owned by the same
company, which also owns major record
producing and book publishing companies, as
well as CNN and HBO, and that ended the
century merging with Internet service, AOL
(Time Warner)? (p.3)
9. • The corporations that create media fare also control how
particular social groups and issues are represented.
– Representation in the media is in itself a kind of power:
• Media invisibility helps maintain the powerlessness of groups
at the bottom of the social heap. (p.4)
• The images […] that do appear on the country‟s big and little
screens will be those that make sense to those who have
decision-making power. (p.5)
• The Fall 1999 lineup forecast 17 gay characters, about the
same as the number of African American, Asian, and
Latino characters combined.
– “There are gays on television because there are gays on
television.”
– “Unlike Latinos, Blacks, and Asian Americans, gay people
are fully integrated into the Hollywood power structure.”
10. • Television has become the key source of information
about the world - Mainstreaming
– What options and opportunities are available to those
groups whose concerns, values, and even the very existence
are belittled, subverted, and denied by the mainstream?
• Decisions about which events are newsworthy and about
how to present them, are guided by considerations of
dramatic for and content drawn from fiction.
– The amount devoted to a news story is not necessarily a
measure of importance on any objective scale, as opposed to
its ability to attack and maintain audiences.
– Most of us have components of our knowledge that derive
wholly or in part from fictional representations..
• Such as Jail, Murder Trials (OJ Simpson), Riots…
– Lacking other sources of information, most people will
accept even the most inaccurate or derogatory information
about a particular group or event.
11. Sexual Minorities and the Media
• Differ in many ways from the
“traditional” racial and ethnic
minorities;
– More like “fringe” political or religious groups.
• Being defined as controversial
invariably limits the ways lesbians and
gay men […] are depicted in the media
[…] when they do appear;
– What it means to be a woman?
– What it means to be a man?
12. • Sexual minorities are particularly vulnerable to the
internalization of mainstream values, given that the
process of self-identification generally occurs in
isolation and relatively late in life. (p.17)
– The process of identity formation and self-identification
for lesbian and gay people generally occurs in isolation
and relatively late in life and often requires the strength
and determination to swim against the cultural stream
one is immersed in at birth.
• Mass media biases and omissions are also balanced by the
audiences own experiences.
• Strategies of subversion – “Camp,” role playing and theatricality
• Richard Dyer
– “What we should be attacking is the attempt of
heterosexual society to define us for ourselves […] and to
pass this definition off as necessary and natural […] Our
gender invisibility makes us especially vulnerable to the
power of media images.”
13. Chapter 3: Stonewall and Beyond
• Stonewall Riots – Stonewall Bar, Greenwich
Village (June 28, 1969)
• Importance of taking social conflict “outside.”
– Media unaware of its historic significance.
• New York Times – realized that this was a novel
event; but buried the news in page 33 and told
from the police‟s perspective.
• The New York Daily – waited until July 6 to
cover the story, which was treated with heavyhanded humor.
• The Village Voice – capture the significance of
the riots but with the use of depictive language,
such as “the forces of faggotry.”
14. • The Gay Liberation Front (GLF)
– September 12, 1969 – GLF meeting with the
Voice publisher, who agreed to allowed the
use of “gay” and “homosexual” in ads.
• The Gay Activists Alliance (GAA)
– September 1970 – GAA occupation of
Harper‟s Magazine Offices.
• Joseph Epstein‟s cover essay, “Homo/hetero:
The Struggle for Sexual Identity.”
• The National Gay Task Force (NGTF)
– Marcus Welby, M.D. – “The Outrage”
• Familiar but false linkage of gay men with child
molestation
• APA condemn the program – didn‟t stop
– Gay changed by Pedophile
15. • If the activists were to succeed, they have to encourage
positive images and not simply fight against negative
stereotypes.
• “Gay Power, Gay Politics” (April 26, 1980) – CBS
Reports about San Francisco
– Two categories of mostly white men:
• The smoothly dangerous elite backstage power brokers
• The menacing, leather-clad, sex-obsessed street gays who
frightened children with unrestrained animal lust.
– Real Danger – people unable to compare the program with
first-hand knowledge of San Francisco
• By concentrating in certain flamboyant examples of
homosexual behavior, the program tended to reinforce
stereotypes.
• The Philadelphia Lesbian and Gay Task Force (PLGTF)
– Met with CBS affiliates to discuss the program
• Agreement of TV stations to run and produce Public Service
Announcements (PSAs).
16. Chapter 5: Television Takes Over
• “All in the Family” (February 1971)
– Episode “Judging Books by The Cover”
• That Certain Summer (1980 ABC made-for-TV
movie)
– Gay men touching and no gay character died at
the end
• 1980s “Special Interests”
– Nicholas Von Hoffman (11/4/76) – “new-style
Americans are having the Year of the Fag.”
• The Presentable Gay – Is a new stereotype being
born?
– Overly favorable attention or portrayals that
reinforce the prevailing images?
17. • Homosexuality […] becomes not a fact of life, but a
moral issue on which everyone in earshot is
expected to voice some vehement opinion.
– The problem of being defined by their “problem.”
– Standards of Good Taste – alternative gay (male)
world never seen nor mentioned.
•
•
•
•
Consenting Adult (1985) – TV Movie
Welcome Home, Bobby (1986) – TV Movie
Dynasty (1981-1989) – Prime time soap Opera
Brothers (1984) – Cable sit-com
• M*A*S*H (made-for-TV movie) v. Charlie's Angels (TV
hit) (October 1981)
– Success and ratings but canceled twice – Chris
Cagney
• Avalanche of letters and numerous Emmys saved the
program.
18. • 1990‟s Media Attention
– NBC „s L.A. Law (1991) – First lesbian kiss on
network TV .
– Picket Fences (1993) – Two high school girls
experiment by kissing each other.
– Roseanne (1988-1997) – “A woman cannot kiss a
woman.”
– Northern Exposure (1990-1995) – 1994 religious gay
men wedding.
– Melrose Place (1992-1990) – Good night gay men
kiss.
– Advocate (1994) – Why Can‟t This Man Get Laid?
– Serving in Silence (1995) – NBC movie with brief
lesbian kiss.
– Friends – Carol and Susan‟s wedding in 1996.
19. Chapter 6: Journalism’s Closet Opens
• Etiquette of “inning” – 1990‟s practices;
decorous inhibition of ones‟ private life.
– AIDS made it more difficult to maintain the
practice of homosexuality denial.
– Jeffrey Schmalz – “It is important that people
know that someone like this dies of AIDS.”
• One thing is burying and marrying is yet
another.
– 1990s commonplace for newspapers to include
“companion” among survivors listed.
– Chaos due to public notices of lesbian and gay
weddings.
20. • New York Times motto: “All the News That‟s Fit to
Print.”
– For a long time, gay issues were unfit.
– 1986 AIDS epidemic began to emerge.
• 1987 – Times Executive Director Max Frankel
authorized the used of “gay” as an adjective
meaning homosexual.
– 1989 – National Gay and Lesbian Task Force
(NGLTF) urged Gina Kolata to write a story about
the lesbian “baby boom” around the country.
• The article was changed before publishing.
– NGLTF, ACLU‟s Gay and Lesbian Rights Project, and
Gay and Lesbian Alliance against Defamation (GLAAD)
protested and the editors admitted their fault.
– TIMES became a gay friendly location.
21. • Important coming outs of the 1990s:
– Jeffrey Schmalz – came out simultaneously as a Gay
with AIDS.
– Leroy Aarons – came out as a gay men in an American
Society of Newspaper Editors (ASNE) meeting.
• His speech sowed the seeds of what soon became the
National Lesbian and Gay Journalist Association.
– Steve Gendel – first gay newsman to come out in
national television; CNBC‟s Real Personal.
– Garret Glaser – entertainment reporter at KNBV-TV
Los Angeles who wanted to come out in air but was
told by the station to do it in February or May because
of ratings. It finally did it in December 1994.
– David Brudnoy – popular right wing radio talk show
personality . Came out in 1994 after collapsing in the
air for AIDS-related pneumonia.
22. Chapter 8: Breaking the Code of Silence
• Outing
– Practice of publicly identifying secretly gay
public officials.
– Long favorable tactic used as a form of social
control by the enemies of gays.
– Inning – Line of discretion drawn by the media.
• AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP)
– Outrageous media-attracting tactics for AIDS
– Importance of gossip in the crafting of gay
subcultural identity.
• Obligation to the community? Right to know?
• Matter of privacy? Right to be left alone?
23. • Michelangelo Signorile – Gossip Watch
– List of names of gay and lesbian celebrities
– Attack media for failing to pay enough
attention to AIDS
– The Secret Gay Life of Malcolm Forbes
• The debate about outing intensified.
• Charles Greeley v. Pete Williams
– Thomas Stoddard – only example in which outing
has advanced the interest of gay people.
– Michael McWilliams – some cause-and-effect should
be established between a gay person doing his or her
job and doing damage to other gay people.
• Donna Brazile – first Black woman directing a
Presidential campaign.
– Sexual orientation? Unknown
24. Chapter 11: Beyond Prime Time
• Importance of talk-shows and daytime television.
– The Phil Donahue Show
• Arrival on TV coincided with the Gay and Lesbian Revolution
• Offered women, other minorities, a place at the media table
– The Jerry Springer Show
• Moved from issues to relationships.
• Overbooked guests and frequently added gay, lesbian and
bisexuals.
– Opportunity to reach people who might never otherwise
encounter a gay or transgendered person speaking about their
lives.
– Jenny Jones “Secret Crush”
• 1994 – Two men and a woman… You go Girl!
• 1995 – Jonathan Schmitz killed Scott Amedure
– Ratings took precedent over moralism.
25. • Public Broadcasting System (PBS) – What is public
about public television? In 1988:
– Independent Television Service (ITVS)
– Point of View (P.O.V.)
• Tongues Untied – US in the middle of cultural war
– No direct funding of National Endowment of Arts (NEA)
• Scenes used in 1992 –President Bush produced with tax money
• P.B.S. and P.O.V. cancelations:
– 1989 –Stop the Church by ACT UP – demonstration
protesting catholic church‟s positions of AIDS.
– 1997 – Out of Work – workplace discrimination through
the experiences of three lesbian and gay workers.
• 1994 PBS‟ American Playhouse series, Tales of the City
– Attacked and canceled – PBS don‟t want to coproduce
– Showtime replaced PBS – More Tales of the City
• 1995 ITVS‟s The Question of Equality – well received
26. • Music and the 1970s :
– Decade of emerging erotized male culture
• Pseudo-gay Glam Rock – David Bowie
• 1977 – Saturday Night Fever
• From Studio 54 to “Disco Sucks!”
– Alix Dobkin
• Michigan Womyn‟s Music Festival
• MTV and the 1980s:
–
–
–
–
Michael Jackson – broke the color barrier
Eminem v. Nirvana
Sir Elton John & Sir Ian McKellen
Madonna & Prince
• The New Millennium; The 2000s:
– From Melissa Etheridge to Sinéad O‟Connor
– From RuPaul to Ricky Martin
27. • Sports in America – compared to military.
– Very big business and central component of
journalism.
– Double standard on gays and lesbians coming
out.
• The David Kopay Story
– Behind The Mask: My Double Life in Baseball
• Billie Jean King‟s galimony suit
– Muffin Spencer-Blevin
– Double standard of being straight and being gay
• U.S. women‟s soccer team – wives and mothers
– Brandi Chastain – Nike sports bra
• Reggie White‟s homophobic ranting supported by NFL
• John Rocker from Atlanta Braves
– Offended so many groups (immigrants, gay people, and
minorities) that had to apologize (?)
28. Chapter 13: Old Stories and New
Technologies
• Importance of pornography to gay and lesbian sexual
expression – vehicle of sexist ideology – free speech
– Grecian Guild Pictorial
• 1940s and 1950s “physique culture” of gay men.
– Rare venue for the cohesion of gay identity and the
sense of community.
• The fight to keep sexuality invisible
– Gay and lesbian sexuality undermines the
unquestioned normalcy of the status quo (?)
– Opens up the possibility of making choices that people
might never have otherwise considered.
• Obscenity dilemma
– Deprave and corrupt minds (?)
– Sexual revolution of the 1960‟s and the VCR
• Symbolic violence of women in media – rape
29. New Media
• New media – opportunity for the formation of new
communities
– Internet – Individual engagement
• Unspoken secret – Gay and Lesbian Cyber-world
• Lack of media ownership – Internet makes them equal
• Dangers of deceptive and sometimes truthful selfrepresentations
• Exxon‟s Communication Decency Act 0f 1996 (CDA)
– Protection of children v. Free Speech (?)
– Modified in 1998 – Child Online Protection Act(COPA)
• Gay and lesbians harmful to children (?)
• Credit card information – economic hardship
• Internet School Filtering Act – censorship by passing
omission (?)
He even risked being known as “That Gay Professor”He has pro-feminism and anti-homophobic perspective – He passed as gay just to see what he can get from his students perspective of him as a Black gay maleQueer – Made something seem strange and unusual in the context of very conservative notions of black identity (p.73).
Black gay male are perceived as selfishly and even purposely spreading HIV within the Black community and therefore are undermining the already taxed family structures of the Black community. Are our homophobic views driven our reading of the Bible, rather than the Bible shaping our views? (p.91) Gregory Love was attacked for mistakenly jumped into a stall that was occupied by another male student (p.79-80)Sakia Gunn was attacked because she said she was lesbian for fear of being raped (p.93)
Mainstreaming is a commonality of viewpoints and values that television tends to cultivate in its viewers. Television dominates the cultural environment, telling most of the stories to most of the people all of the time. Question appears on (p.7)Most of us have components of our knowledge that derive wholly or in part from fictional representations.. Such as Jail, Murder Trials (OJ Simpson), Riots…
- It also shapes the effects of such depictions on the images held by society at large and by members of this minority groups.
Since we born we are defined as girl = pink – boy = blue…Sexual minorities are particularly vulnerable to the internalization of mainstream values, given that the process of self-identification generally occurs in isolation and relatively late in life. (p.17) Individuals who internalize or fail to challenge mainstream beliefs often do not realize, however, that by defending antigay and antilesbian values, they are essentially doing the work of their oppressors. (p.17) (heterosexual hegemony) The most effective form of resistance to the hegemony of the mainstream is to speak for oneself, to create the narratives and images that counter the accepted, oppressive, or inaccurate ones. (p.19) Camp is an aesthetic sensibility that regards something as appealing or humorous because of its ridiculousness to the viewer. Singer, actress and comedian Bette Midler is known for her camp stage shows and film characters. (Wikipedia)
- Gay readers saw Epstein analysis as a homophobic masquerade – offensive and dangerous. However, the then Executive Editor of Harper’s Magazine, Midge Decter replied that the article was “serious, and honest, and misread.”NGTF – Positioning itself to be the primary gay organization in consulting and negotiating with national media. They went against the episode but the network refused to make the major changes that would have been required to satisfy the activists. NGTF and GAA organized a nationwide protest against the episode. The APA condemn the Welby program for promoting a false image. The episode didn’t stop but the term gay was substitute by pedophile.
FYI CBS NEWS – public apology from Mayor Diane Feinstein creates confusion(p.52). Cleve Jones’ speech (gay activist and former Harvey Milk aide) misused and misinterpretation. PJGTF took up the role formerly played by the Media Gay Project.
- Character, Archie Bunker (old man), discovered that a football-player pal was gay.
Standard of Good Taste – Letter to a rep of the Unitarian Universalist Gay Caucus by an ABC reporter. (p.83) Chris Cagney was first played by Meg Foster and then replaced by Sharon Gless. (p. 86) Something similar occurred with other TV show characters, as well as with the miniseries about Gloria Naylor’s novel, The Women of Brewster Place. (p.86)
C.J. Lamb (Amanda Donohoe) and Abby Perkins (Michele Green) (February 1991) – Green left the show during the summer and C.J. Lamb was given a lesbian lover in one episode, whom she left at the end for a man.Picket Fences was Peter Kelley’s new series. He wrote the L.A. Law lesbian kiss episode. - Roseanne almost got canceled in 1994 for including a lesbian kiss between Roseanne and a lesbian character.
The family of Robert Reed (Brady Bunch’s dad) was unable to keep the secret that he was gay and died of AIDS for too long after he died. (111). Non publication of gay and lesbian wedding ads. They did not include
Without telling Kolata, editors added a paragraph with negative and biased statements about lesbians and the children they raised. Use of gay in reference to cultural patterns and political issues.
Schmalzworte many articles for the TIMES about AIDS and politics. (p.126)
Signorile was disappointed of the corrupted turn that gossip journalism was taken at the time (1989). (p.133) Malcolm Forbes – The fact that one of the most influential man of America was gay should be recorded. (p.134)Debate after 1991 Air Force harassment of Charles Greeley, who was a captain who marched in the Hay Pride parade the day before he was to be discharged. Pete Williams, spokesman for the Department of Defense, was called a hypocrite closeted-gay man.
Phil Donahue Show was followed by shows such as Oprah and Phil,Ricki Lake (expert-oriented high-toned serious), Geraldo and Sally Jesse Raphael (tabloid versions). (p.186)By the 1990s it became clear that audiences were more hostile to bisexuals than to gays and lesbians – confused and promiscuous. Transgendered people arouse endless fascination and evoke mixed emotional responses. (p.186)
PBS mandated by Congress to “help us see America whole, in all its diversity” and “provide a voice for groups in the community that might otherwise be unheard.” (p.188)ITVS – created by Congress with the mandate to “develop, produce and package independent work that addresses the needs of underserved communities.” (p.189) POV- Launched by PBS to “provide visibility and support for compelling personal visions of nonfiction films and video producers.” (p.189)Tongues United was attacked and PBS greatly criticized. Many stations canceled it. (p.191)ITVS (p.193)
Early 1970s disco clubs were springing everywhere. David Bowie came out on Britain as a gay-bisexual. Then, 1977, came the hit of the movie and the Studio 54. Dobkin example was followed by many. And the Michigan Festival became a platform for launching other lesbian and bisexual musicians. (p.197) Vehicle for both sexually ambiguous singers making their way out of the closet, and platform for the homophobic and misogynistic posturings of angry-whit-male heavy metal and angry-black male gangsta rap. (p.198)Eminem (transcended race/mysogyny and homophobia) v. Nirvana (disclaimer against homophobia and racist) (p.199)
Sports and Military - are hostile environments to any signs of homosexuality. (p.201) Gay males tend to come out after they retired; lesbians t end to do it while still competing. (p.201)Kopay – retired NFL running back; first major league athlete to come out publicly (p.201) / Dave Pallone wrote a book and got fired. (p.205)Billie Jean King, professional tennis star and Wimbledon champion, outed in 1981 by her former lover. (p.202) / Muffin Spencer-Blevin discussed her lesbian marriage ceremony and was not followed and isolated. (p.206)Rocker was sentenced into “sensitivity training,” 20,000$ fine and 30 day suspension – fine was reduced to 500$ and suspension cut in half. (p.207)
For isolated gay, porn can be an important means of saying ‘other gays exist.’ (p.221) By arguing that it must be considered a vehicle of sexist ideology they confer on it the status of political thought and thus worthy of constitutional protection. (p.226) Free market can be a vehicle for free speech (p.227)Grecian Guild Pictorial was one of the gayest of the physique magazines that contributed to this new culture. (p.222) The existence of this images is a threat to those who guard that ramparts of the sexual reservation. (p.223)The feared power of images seems to reside in the representation of those behaviors and options which the ones in power wish to deny to those they control. (p.223)Ability to watch gay porn in the privacy of their homes. (p.225)By the 1970s the group Women Against Violence in Pornography and Media (California) and Women Against Pornography (New York) fight against it. However, their voice was not considered to be a representation of all feminists… This led to the “sex wars” – A line was drawn on lesbian sexuality. (p.225)
Gay and lesbian are among the most avid, loyal and plentiful commercial users of Internet. (p.228) CDA debate (p.229-231) censorship passive omission prevents teenagers and sometimes even adults to have access to information that could help them in their identity process formation (p.231) and the tracking system that produces violates the searchers privacy. (p.232) The debate is waiting to end in the Supreme Court.