concept and types of causation and association for disease to cause

1. CONCEPT AND TYPES OF
CAUSATION AND
ASSOCIATION
PRESENTED BY
- MAMTA DAS
-BPH

2. CONTENTS:
 Concept of causation
 Types of causation
 Concept of association
 Overview
 Reference

3. CONCEPT OF CAUSATION
 Various concept of disease causation were in practice.
 Several theory of diseases were advanced from time to time
to explain disease causation such as:
1. Supernatural theory:
C curse of Gods,evil spirit.

4. Cont……………
2. Theory of humors:
- Imbalance of blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile
causes disease.

5. Cont……….
3. Theory of contagious:
- Spreading of disease due to close contact or touching of
infected people.
4. The miasma theory:
- Due to bad air eg: cholera.

6. Cont…..
5. Theory of spontaneous generation:
-Abiogenesis
6. Germ theory of disease
7. Epidemiological traid

7. Cont…..
8. Multifactorial causation
9. Web of causation

8. TYPES OF CAUSATION
1.Necessary cause:
It is a factor or condition that must be present
for a disease to occur. For eg: vibrio cholera is a necessary cause
of cholera.
2. Sufficient cause:
It is a factor that when present always leads to
a disease. Fo eg: smoking is a sufficient cause of lung cancer.

9. Cont……..
3. Contributory cause:
It is a factor or condition that increases the
probability of a disease occurring, but is not sufficient on its own to
cause the disease. For eg: exposure to asbestos to increase the risk
of lung cancer but not sufficient to cause disease.
4. Component cause:
It is one of several factors that when combined,
contribute to development of a disease. For eg: combination of
genetics history, environmental exposure, lifestyle factors may
contribute to development of type-II DM.

10. CONCEPT OF ASSOCIATION:
It refers to the relationship between an exposure or risk factors
and a health outcome ( such as a disease).
It includes –
- Relative risk
- Odd risk
- Attributable risk

11. OVERVIEW:
According to this concept, when people expose to the risk
factors that contribute to development of disease.
On other hand, association means stastistical relationship
between two variables .

12. REFERENCE:
 k+park+26th+edition+pdf&rlz
 https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt
 https://www.slideshare.net