The document contains 12 examples of assemblies drawn in AutoCAD, including a sleeve and cotter joint, knuckle joint, screw jack, foot step bearing, plummer block, universal coupling, simple eccentric, machine vice, protected flanged coupling, stuffing box, connecting rod, and swivel bearing. Each example provides the aim, description, commands used, drawing procedure, and result of assembling the parts in AutoCAD.
This document provides an overview of grinding machines and grinding processes. It begins by defining grinding as a machining process that removes material using an abrasive wheel. It then describes various types of grinding machines including cylindrical grinders, surface grinders, tool and cutter grinders, form grinders, thread grinders, gear grinders, centreless grinders, and some recently developed grinding machines. The document also discusses different grinding operations like rough grinding, precision grinding, external cylindrical grinding, internal cylindrical grinding, surface grinding, and form grinding.
The slotting machine is used to cut slots, grooves, and other shapes. It operates similarly to a shaper but with the ram moving vertically instead of horizontally. There are two main types: puncher slotters for heavy cuts on large castings, and precision slotters for lighter cuts and production work. The key components are the base, column, saddle, ram, and rotary table. The ram is driven by a quick return mechanism to reduce idle time between cuts. Slotting machines can machine flat, cylindrical, and irregular surfaces by adjusting the table feeds in different combinations.
This document discusses jigs and fixtures used in manufacturing. It defines jigs and fixtures, describes their components and uses. Jigs guide tools and may be moved, while fixtures are fastened to machines. Both position workpieces for machining. The document outlines principles of locating and clamping workpieces using locating pins. It provides examples of common jig types like template, plate, and box jigs used for drilling operations. Materials for jig components and design considerations are also covered.
The document discusses different types of shapers and their components and working principles. It describes three main types of shaper driving mechanisms: crank and slotted lever mechanism, Whitworth quick return mechanism, and hydraulic shaper mechanism. The crank and slotted lever mechanism uses a rocker arm and crank pin arrangement to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion of the ram, providing a quick return stroke that is faster than the cutting stroke to increase efficiency.
This document provides an overview of lathe machines. It begins with a brief history of lathes, noting they originated from primitive tree lathes. It then describes the basic principle of lathes is to rotate a workpiece while a single-point cutting tool removes material parallel to the axis of rotation, producing a cylindrical surface. Various types of lathes are classified based on their design and intended use, such as bench lathes, engine lathes, tool room lathes, capstan and turret lathes, and automatic lathes. The construction and function of key lathe components like the bed, headstock, spindle, tailstock, carriage, and apron are explained.
The cam and follower is a device that converts rotary motion into linear motion. A cam has lobes or bumps that push against a follower, causing it to move up and down or back and forth. Cams can have different shapes, called profiles, including pear, heart, circular, and drop shapes. Followers can be flat feet, knife edges, rollers, or offset designs. Rotary cams are used to control engine valves and pumps, while linear cams move back and forth to drive reciprocating motions.
The document discusses drilling operations and drilling machines. It provides details on the construction of drilling machines including their base, column, drill head, table, and spindle drive and feed mechanisms. It also describes various tool and work holding devices used in drilling like drills, chucks, v-blocks, and drilling jigs. Finally, it outlines different types of drilling operations such as drilling, boring, counterboring, tapping, and reaming.
This document provides information about the construction and working principles of a shaper machine. It discusses the main parts of a shaper like the base, column, cross rail, saddle, table, and ram. It describes the tool head and how it holds the cutting tool and provides feed movements. It also explains the different types of shaper machines and discusses their mechanisms, including the crank and slotted link mechanism and Whitworth quick return mechanism used to convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion of the ram.
This document provides an overview of grinding machines and grinding processes. It begins by defining grinding as a machining process that removes material using an abrasive wheel. It then describes various types of grinding machines including cylindrical grinders, surface grinders, tool and cutter grinders, form grinders, thread grinders, gear grinders, centreless grinders, and some recently developed grinding machines. The document also discusses different grinding operations like rough grinding, precision grinding, external cylindrical grinding, internal cylindrical grinding, surface grinding, and form grinding.
The slotting machine is used to cut slots, grooves, and other shapes. It operates similarly to a shaper but with the ram moving vertically instead of horizontally. There are two main types: puncher slotters for heavy cuts on large castings, and precision slotters for lighter cuts and production work. The key components are the base, column, saddle, ram, and rotary table. The ram is driven by a quick return mechanism to reduce idle time between cuts. Slotting machines can machine flat, cylindrical, and irregular surfaces by adjusting the table feeds in different combinations.
This document discusses jigs and fixtures used in manufacturing. It defines jigs and fixtures, describes their components and uses. Jigs guide tools and may be moved, while fixtures are fastened to machines. Both position workpieces for machining. The document outlines principles of locating and clamping workpieces using locating pins. It provides examples of common jig types like template, plate, and box jigs used for drilling operations. Materials for jig components and design considerations are also covered.
The document discusses different types of shapers and their components and working principles. It describes three main types of shaper driving mechanisms: crank and slotted lever mechanism, Whitworth quick return mechanism, and hydraulic shaper mechanism. The crank and slotted lever mechanism uses a rocker arm and crank pin arrangement to convert rotational motion to reciprocating motion of the ram, providing a quick return stroke that is faster than the cutting stroke to increase efficiency.
This document provides an overview of lathe machines. It begins with a brief history of lathes, noting they originated from primitive tree lathes. It then describes the basic principle of lathes is to rotate a workpiece while a single-point cutting tool removes material parallel to the axis of rotation, producing a cylindrical surface. Various types of lathes are classified based on their design and intended use, such as bench lathes, engine lathes, tool room lathes, capstan and turret lathes, and automatic lathes. The construction and function of key lathe components like the bed, headstock, spindle, tailstock, carriage, and apron are explained.
The cam and follower is a device that converts rotary motion into linear motion. A cam has lobes or bumps that push against a follower, causing it to move up and down or back and forth. Cams can have different shapes, called profiles, including pear, heart, circular, and drop shapes. Followers can be flat feet, knife edges, rollers, or offset designs. Rotary cams are used to control engine valves and pumps, while linear cams move back and forth to drive reciprocating motions.
The document discusses drilling operations and drilling machines. It provides details on the construction of drilling machines including their base, column, drill head, table, and spindle drive and feed mechanisms. It also describes various tool and work holding devices used in drilling like drills, chucks, v-blocks, and drilling jigs. Finally, it outlines different types of drilling operations such as drilling, boring, counterboring, tapping, and reaming.
This document provides information about the construction and working principles of a shaper machine. It discusses the main parts of a shaper like the base, column, cross rail, saddle, table, and ram. It describes the tool head and how it holds the cutting tool and provides feed movements. It also explains the different types of shaper machines and discusses their mechanisms, including the crank and slotted link mechanism and Whitworth quick return mechanism used to convert rotational motion into reciprocating motion of the ram.
This document discusses automatic lathes and their operation. It begins by defining automatic lathes and their role in increasing production. It then describes the different types of automatic lathes including fully automatic, semi-automatic, single spindle, and multi-spindle lathes. The working principles of automatic lathes are explained, including the use of cams to control tool and turret movement. Various operations that can be performed on automatic lathes are listed. Finally, aspects like tooling layout and cam design that are important for planning automatic lathe processes are covered.
Cams are devices that convert rotary motion to linear motion. A cam mechanism consists of a cam and follower mounted on a fixed frame. There are various types of cams including plate, face, and cylindrical cams. Cams can have different profiles like pear, circular, or heart shaped depending on how the follower needs to move. Cams are used in applications like engines and looms to control motion. They allow for coordinating large numbers of input/output motions in a compact space.
The document summarizes the key aspects of a slotting machine. It describes the slotting machine as a reciprocating machine tool that cuts on the downward stroke of the ram holding the tool. It then classifies slotting machines as either precision slotters or puncher slotters. The main parts of a slotting machine are identified as the base, column, ram, tool head, table, saddle, and cross slide. Common operations like machining flats, circles, grooves and keyways are listed. Advantages of slotting machines include being light, using single-point cutting tools, having low cost and maintenance.
This document discusses cams and followers. It begins by defining a cam as a mechanical device that transmits motion to a follower by direct contact. Cams are commonly used in automobile engines to open and close valves. The document then covers terminology used in cams such as base circle, trace point, and pitch curve. It classifies followers based on shape (knife edge, roller, flat faced) and motion (reciprocating, oscillating). Different types of follower motion such as simple harmonic and constant velocity are also described. Several problems are presented involving constructing cam profiles for given follower specifications and motions.
Cams are rotating or linear machine elements that convert one type of motion into another. There are several types of cams including plate, cylindrical, face, and end cams. Cam followers include wedge, roller, and flat ended followers. Cam profiles determine the motion of the follower and include uniform velocity, uniform acceleration/retardation, and simple harmonic motion profiles.
The document describes the cam and follower mechanism, which converts rotational motion to linear motion. A cam has lobes or bumps that push against a follower to move it up and down. Different cam profiles like circular, heart, and drop shapes can be used. Followers can be flat faced, knife edged, offset, or roller types. Cams are used in engines and pumps to control movement and reciprocating motion.
The document discusses cams and followers. It defines a cam as a component that can have different shapes or profiles, including pear, heart, circular, and drop shapes. A follower is a component that moves up and down following the edge of the cam. Different types of followers are described including knife edge, flat foot, offset, and roller followers. Cams are used to control the movement of engine valves and in pumps. Cams can have lobes that lift the follower and can be rotary or linear shapes.
The document discusses the shaper machine, which is a type of metal cutting machine tool. It classifies shapers based on their mechanism for reciprocating motion of the ram and the position and travel of the ram. The principal parts of a shaper are described, including the base, body, cross rail, saddle, ram, tool head, and tool slide. The quick return mechanism is discussed as providing the back-and-forth motion of the ram. References are provided for images, videos, and further information about shaper machines.
A cam is a rotating machine element which gives reciprocating or oscillating motion to another element known as the follower.Though the cams may be classified in many ways, among them we can classify:
1. Radial or disc cam.
2. Cylindrical cam.
This document provides information about planer machines. It begins with an introduction and overview of planers, noting they have reciprocating work and fixed tools. It then discusses the differences between planers and shapers, noting key differences in construction, operation, size, accuracy and power consumption. The document outlines the main parts of a planer, including the bed, table, columns, cross-rail and tool heads. It also describes various types of planers based on construction and drive methods. In closing, it discusses quick return mechanisms and feed mechanisms used in planers.
This document provides information about cams and cam mechanisms. It defines cams as mechanical members used to impart desired motion to a follower by direct contact. It then discusses different types of cams classified by shape, follower motion, and manner of follower constraint. These include disc cams, radial cams, and flat cams. It also covers cam terminology like base circle, trace point, pitch point, and lift. The document concludes by discussing different motions a follower can have, such as uniform velocity, simple harmonic motion, and cycloidal motion.
This document provides information on indexable milling tools from Hitachi Tool Engineering, including:
- Details on V-type modular and bore-type milling cutters with specifications for tool diameter, number of flutes, shank type, and recommended inserts.
- Descriptions of the different insert geometries available and their applications for roughing, finishing, or vertical machining.
- Specifications for carbide and steel shanks that can be used with the modular cutters, listing dimensions and shank types.
- Guidelines for setting ramp angles and hole diameters for ramping and helical milling operations with the V-type cutters.
Cam Mechanism And Flexible Drives
Machine Elements
Basic Explanation
History
Mechanism Explained
Disclaimer: All research materials are internet based. I do not own anything. Video links are included (from youtube).
Correction: Cam mechanism can do vice versa.
Leader: Andrei Matias
A project report on cam follower utility in internal combustion engineGALGOTIAS UNIVERSITY
This document reports on a model of a cam follower used in a single cylinder four-stroke spark ignition engine. The model was created by a group of students to help mechanical engineering students understand the basic working and concept of cam/follower mechanisms in engines. It describes the types of cams and followers, analyzes their geometry and dimensions, discusses how cam followers are used to control valve timing in four-stroke engines, and provides a cost analysis of the model.
This document provides an overview of honing and lapping machines used for microfinishing processes. It defines honing as a grinding process that uses bonded abrasive stones called hones to finish round holes. Key details about honing include that it is used to correct out-of-roundness, taper, tool marks, and other hole geometry issues. It also discusses honing tools, machines, advantages, and disadvantages. Lapping is defined as an abrasive process that uses loose abrasives between a lap and workpiece with relative motion to achieve precision finishing. Details about lap materials, abrasives, speeds, and methods such as hand and machine lapping are provided.
This document discusses the mechanism of machinery and cam design. It begins by classifying followers based on their surface of contact and type of motion. It then discusses cam nomenclature and standard cam motions like uniform, modified uniform, and simple harmonic motion. The document provides examples of cam curve design, including the use of cycloidal motion. It also discusses velocity and acceleration analysis for tangent cams.
The document discusses cams and followers, which are rotating machine elements where a cam gives reciprocating or oscillating motion to another element called a follower. Cams are usually rotated at uniform speed by a shaft, while the follower motion is predetermined by the cam shape. Cams are used in applications like clocks, machines, engines. Cams are classified as radial or cylindrical based on the follower motion direction. The document provides examples and terminology for radial cams, and discusses follower motion profiles and deriving cam profiles based on given follower motions.
Cams are devices that convert rotary, oscillating, or linear motion into reciprocating or linear motion and come in various types including plate, cylindrical, face, and end cams. Common cam followers include wedge, roller, and flat ended followers. The motion profile of the cam determines the motion of the follower and includes profiles like uniform velocity, uniform acceleration/retardation, and simple harmonic motion.
The document summarizes the study of lathes. It describes the main types of lathes including engine lathes, bench lathes, tracer lathes, automatic lathes, and turret lathes. It also discusses lathe operations such as turning, facing, boring, drilling, threading, and knurling. Additionally, it covers lathe components, cutting tools, and work holding devices like chucks, collets, and magnetic chucks. Finally, it lists some common applications of lathes in industries like automotive, aerospace, medical, and others.
This assembly manual provides instructions for assembling an almost-ready-to-fly radio controlled aircraft. The aircraft emphasizes high performance, light weight and fun. It has been designed by professional engineers and uses carbon fiber reinforced tubes and pre-installed parts to reduce assembly time. Safety precautions are outlined, and tools, adhesives, and additional equipment needed are listed. Step-by-step instructions are provided for installing components like the aileron and elevator servos, landing gear, engine, stabilizer, radio equipment and canopy. Guidelines for balancing and test flying the aircraft are also included.
This document discusses automatic lathes and their operation. It begins by defining automatic lathes and their role in increasing production. It then describes the different types of automatic lathes including fully automatic, semi-automatic, single spindle, and multi-spindle lathes. The working principles of automatic lathes are explained, including the use of cams to control tool and turret movement. Various operations that can be performed on automatic lathes are listed. Finally, aspects like tooling layout and cam design that are important for planning automatic lathe processes are covered.
Cams are devices that convert rotary motion to linear motion. A cam mechanism consists of a cam and follower mounted on a fixed frame. There are various types of cams including plate, face, and cylindrical cams. Cams can have different profiles like pear, circular, or heart shaped depending on how the follower needs to move. Cams are used in applications like engines and looms to control motion. They allow for coordinating large numbers of input/output motions in a compact space.
The document summarizes the key aspects of a slotting machine. It describes the slotting machine as a reciprocating machine tool that cuts on the downward stroke of the ram holding the tool. It then classifies slotting machines as either precision slotters or puncher slotters. The main parts of a slotting machine are identified as the base, column, ram, tool head, table, saddle, and cross slide. Common operations like machining flats, circles, grooves and keyways are listed. Advantages of slotting machines include being light, using single-point cutting tools, having low cost and maintenance.
This document discusses cams and followers. It begins by defining a cam as a mechanical device that transmits motion to a follower by direct contact. Cams are commonly used in automobile engines to open and close valves. The document then covers terminology used in cams such as base circle, trace point, and pitch curve. It classifies followers based on shape (knife edge, roller, flat faced) and motion (reciprocating, oscillating). Different types of follower motion such as simple harmonic and constant velocity are also described. Several problems are presented involving constructing cam profiles for given follower specifications and motions.
Cams are rotating or linear machine elements that convert one type of motion into another. There are several types of cams including plate, cylindrical, face, and end cams. Cam followers include wedge, roller, and flat ended followers. Cam profiles determine the motion of the follower and include uniform velocity, uniform acceleration/retardation, and simple harmonic motion profiles.
The document describes the cam and follower mechanism, which converts rotational motion to linear motion. A cam has lobes or bumps that push against a follower to move it up and down. Different cam profiles like circular, heart, and drop shapes can be used. Followers can be flat faced, knife edged, offset, or roller types. Cams are used in engines and pumps to control movement and reciprocating motion.
The document discusses cams and followers. It defines a cam as a component that can have different shapes or profiles, including pear, heart, circular, and drop shapes. A follower is a component that moves up and down following the edge of the cam. Different types of followers are described including knife edge, flat foot, offset, and roller followers. Cams are used to control the movement of engine valves and in pumps. Cams can have lobes that lift the follower and can be rotary or linear shapes.
The document discusses the shaper machine, which is a type of metal cutting machine tool. It classifies shapers based on their mechanism for reciprocating motion of the ram and the position and travel of the ram. The principal parts of a shaper are described, including the base, body, cross rail, saddle, ram, tool head, and tool slide. The quick return mechanism is discussed as providing the back-and-forth motion of the ram. References are provided for images, videos, and further information about shaper machines.
A cam is a rotating machine element which gives reciprocating or oscillating motion to another element known as the follower.Though the cams may be classified in many ways, among them we can classify:
1. Radial or disc cam.
2. Cylindrical cam.
This document provides information about planer machines. It begins with an introduction and overview of planers, noting they have reciprocating work and fixed tools. It then discusses the differences between planers and shapers, noting key differences in construction, operation, size, accuracy and power consumption. The document outlines the main parts of a planer, including the bed, table, columns, cross-rail and tool heads. It also describes various types of planers based on construction and drive methods. In closing, it discusses quick return mechanisms and feed mechanisms used in planers.
This document provides information about cams and cam mechanisms. It defines cams as mechanical members used to impart desired motion to a follower by direct contact. It then discusses different types of cams classified by shape, follower motion, and manner of follower constraint. These include disc cams, radial cams, and flat cams. It also covers cam terminology like base circle, trace point, pitch point, and lift. The document concludes by discussing different motions a follower can have, such as uniform velocity, simple harmonic motion, and cycloidal motion.
This document provides information on indexable milling tools from Hitachi Tool Engineering, including:
- Details on V-type modular and bore-type milling cutters with specifications for tool diameter, number of flutes, shank type, and recommended inserts.
- Descriptions of the different insert geometries available and their applications for roughing, finishing, or vertical machining.
- Specifications for carbide and steel shanks that can be used with the modular cutters, listing dimensions and shank types.
- Guidelines for setting ramp angles and hole diameters for ramping and helical milling operations with the V-type cutters.
Cam Mechanism And Flexible Drives
Machine Elements
Basic Explanation
History
Mechanism Explained
Disclaimer: All research materials are internet based. I do not own anything. Video links are included (from youtube).
Correction: Cam mechanism can do vice versa.
Leader: Andrei Matias
A project report on cam follower utility in internal combustion engineGALGOTIAS UNIVERSITY
This document reports on a model of a cam follower used in a single cylinder four-stroke spark ignition engine. The model was created by a group of students to help mechanical engineering students understand the basic working and concept of cam/follower mechanisms in engines. It describes the types of cams and followers, analyzes their geometry and dimensions, discusses how cam followers are used to control valve timing in four-stroke engines, and provides a cost analysis of the model.
This document provides an overview of honing and lapping machines used for microfinishing processes. It defines honing as a grinding process that uses bonded abrasive stones called hones to finish round holes. Key details about honing include that it is used to correct out-of-roundness, taper, tool marks, and other hole geometry issues. It also discusses honing tools, machines, advantages, and disadvantages. Lapping is defined as an abrasive process that uses loose abrasives between a lap and workpiece with relative motion to achieve precision finishing. Details about lap materials, abrasives, speeds, and methods such as hand and machine lapping are provided.
This document discusses the mechanism of machinery and cam design. It begins by classifying followers based on their surface of contact and type of motion. It then discusses cam nomenclature and standard cam motions like uniform, modified uniform, and simple harmonic motion. The document provides examples of cam curve design, including the use of cycloidal motion. It also discusses velocity and acceleration analysis for tangent cams.
The document discusses cams and followers, which are rotating machine elements where a cam gives reciprocating or oscillating motion to another element called a follower. Cams are usually rotated at uniform speed by a shaft, while the follower motion is predetermined by the cam shape. Cams are used in applications like clocks, machines, engines. Cams are classified as radial or cylindrical based on the follower motion direction. The document provides examples and terminology for radial cams, and discusses follower motion profiles and deriving cam profiles based on given follower motions.
Cams are devices that convert rotary, oscillating, or linear motion into reciprocating or linear motion and come in various types including plate, cylindrical, face, and end cams. Common cam followers include wedge, roller, and flat ended followers. The motion profile of the cam determines the motion of the follower and includes profiles like uniform velocity, uniform acceleration/retardation, and simple harmonic motion.
The document summarizes the study of lathes. It describes the main types of lathes including engine lathes, bench lathes, tracer lathes, automatic lathes, and turret lathes. It also discusses lathe operations such as turning, facing, boring, drilling, threading, and knurling. Additionally, it covers lathe components, cutting tools, and work holding devices like chucks, collets, and magnetic chucks. Finally, it lists some common applications of lathes in industries like automotive, aerospace, medical, and others.
This assembly manual provides instructions for assembling an almost-ready-to-fly radio controlled aircraft. The aircraft emphasizes high performance, light weight and fun. It has been designed by professional engineers and uses carbon fiber reinforced tubes and pre-installed parts to reduce assembly time. Safety precautions are outlined, and tools, adhesives, and additional equipment needed are listed. Step-by-step instructions are provided for installing components like the aileron and elevator servos, landing gear, engine, stabilizer, radio equipment and canopy. Guidelines for balancing and test flying the aircraft are also included.
1. The document discusses different types of turning machines, including center lathes, turret lathes, capstan lathes, and automatic lathes. It describes the basic parts and functions of a center lathe like the bed, headstock, tailstock, and carriage.
2. Various lathe operations are outlined such as plain turning, taper turning, drilling, boring, and knurling. Special attachments for milling and grinding are also mentioned.
3. Automatic lathes are classified as either magazine-loaded or chucking-type depending on how the workpiece is loaded and removed for machining duplicate parts automatically.
This document provides instructions for using Autodesk Inventor Professional software. It describes the basic features of the software, how it can be used for the MEL110 course, and provides step-by-step instructions for exploring existing models and creating new solid models using various modeling tools and techniques like extrusion, revolution, and lofting. It also explains how to add datum features like working planes to sketches and models and how to create ribs in solid models.
This document provides instructions for using Autodesk Inventor Professional software. It begins with an overview of the basic features of the software, including its parametric and feature-based solid modeling tools. It then details how to explore existing solid models, create new solid models using sketches and various extrusion and revolve commands, add datum features, create ribs, and generate orthographic projections, sectional views, auxiliary views, and curves of intersection for solid models. The document is a tutorial intended to help users learn how to utilize the various modeling, visualization, and drawing tools within Autodesk Inventor.
A lathe is a machine tool that rotates a workpiece about an axis to perform various operations such as cutting, sanding, knurling, drilling, and deformation. There are several types of lathes including engine lathes, bench lathes, tracer lathes, automatic lathes, turret lathes, and computer numerical controlled (CNC) lathes. Lathe operations include turning, facing, boring, drilling, threading, and knurling. Cutting tools and work holding devices like chucks and collets are used to secure the workpiece for machining.
During the 6-week internship on Advanced SolidWorks, I gained expertise in various topics
including Design Tables and Configurations, Assemblies Advanced Mates, Assemblies Deep-
Dive, and successfully completed a final project focused on designing a Radial Engine.
In the Design Tables and Configurations module, I learned how to create and manage design
tables, enabling efficient parametric design changes and customization options. I became
proficient in configuring parts and assemblies using different design configurations, optimizing
flexibility and adaptability in engineering designs.
The Assemblies Advanced Mates module allowed me to explore advanced mating techniques,
such as symmetric mates, path mates, and mechanical mates. I mastered the skill of creating
complex assemblies, ensuring precise and accurate component alignment and motion simulation.
In the Assemblies Deep-Dive module, I delved deeper into assembly techniques, learning about
sub-assemblies, exploded views, and the use of mate references. I acquired a comprehensive
understanding of organizing complex assemblies and effectively communicating design intent
through exploded views.
For my final project, I undertook the challenging task of designing a Radial Engine. This
involved creating the individual engine components, designing mating features, applying
advanced mates, and ensuring proper functionality and realistic motion. Through this project, I
applied my knowledge and skills acquired throughout the internship to create a functional and
visually appealing radial engine model.
Overall, this internship provided me with a comprehensive understanding of Advanced
SolidWorks techniques, enabling me to efficiently design, configure, and assemble complex
engineering models. I am confident that the skills and knowledge gained during this internship
will greatly contribute to my future endeavors in the field of mechanical engineering and product
design.
The document discusses the design of a rolling machine for bending metal pipes. It provides an overview of the project, including its goal to design an affordable machine for small-scale pipe rolling. The design process is outlined, including tasks completed, the project timeline, and issues addressed during development. Calculations are shown for selecting materials and components like rollers, frames, and bearings. The working process and results demonstrate the machine's ability to roll pipes into various shapes. Further scope is discussed to improve precision and capacity. In conclusion, such an affordable and precise pipe rolling machine is well-suited for small-scale industrial and workshop applications.
The document describes the design of a radial engine. A radial engine has cylinders arranged in a circular pattern around a central crankcase. Each cylinder connects to the crankshaft through a master rod and connecting rods. The design process involves sketching each part individually, then assembling them using constraints like coincidence, contact, and fixing components. The completed radial engine design offers simplicity, reliability, and power through its circular cylinder arrangement and efficient cooling. While heavier than other engines, the radial engine excels in applications requiring strong, smooth performance like aviation.
At present scenario, productivity and economics of machining work pieces in large quantity is greatly affected by use of work holding devices like fixture. To achieve require accuracy with reduced rework and easy handling, fixtures are provided. This project is about designing the fixture for pressing bearing inside the crank case. For this purpose of designing and analysing the modelling software known as solid works is to be used. The fixture is design mainly to get multiple bearing pressed on crank case while keeping it stable and to get the accuracy of press within tolerance limit.
This document provides information about shaper machines. It begins with an introduction to shaper machines, describing their main functions and parts. It then discusses the working principle of shaper machines and how they perform cutting operations. The document outlines the typical construction of shaper machines, including their base, body, cross rail, and ram/tool head. It also describes shaper machine mechanisms, specifications, operations and applications. In under 3 sentences.
This document describes the design and construction of a scissor jack. The objectives were to design, construct, and simplify a scissor jack. It discusses the CAD models of the scissor jack parts. Calculations were done to determine the required effort and torque to lift a 200kg load. The scissor jack parts were then constructed, including the arms, power screw, plates, and trunions. Testing showed the designed scissor jack could successfully lift medium-sized vehicles and required torque was within human capabilities. The objectives were achieved by constructing a simplified scissor jack.
The document discusses lathe accessories used in metal cutting and machine tools. It describes chucks (3-jaw, 4-jaw, collet, magnetic, hydraulic), face plates, angle plates, driving plates, lathe dogs, follower rests, steady rests, and mandrels. The accessories are used to properly hold and support workpieces and tools. Chucks clamp workpieces, face plates hold irregular shapes, dogs rotate workpieces, and rests support tubes or long workpieces during turning. Mandrels mount hollow workpieces. The document provides details on the construction and use of various lathe accessories.
The document provides instructions for modeling various mechanical parts and assemblies using Creo Parametric. It includes descriptions of extrusion, revolve, rib, shell, and assembly features. The objectives are to model parts like a flange coupling and plummer block, assemble them, and create drawings with bills of materials. Steps provided include sketching profiles, adding dimensions, extruding, revolving, assembling components, and generating orthographic views and a BOM table. The document aims to teach modeling, assembly, and drawing creation skills in Creo Parametric.
This document provides information about a slotter machine. It includes a table of contents listing topics such as the working principle, types of slotter machines, labeled diagram of parts, and operations. The working principle section explains that the ram is connected to gears and a crank, which causes the ram to move up and down for cutting on the downstroke. The types section outlines puncher, precision, production, and special purpose slotter machines. Labeled parts include the base, column, saddle, and ram. Operations include machining flat, cylindrical and irregular surfaces as well as slots and keyways.
This document describes the design and fabrication of a bending machine. The machine uses pneumatic cylinders and valves to bend steel into various curved shapes. It can bend tubes, bars, channels, and squares. Calculations are shown for determining the bending stress, required force, and angle of twist when bending a rod. The machine is powered by a 0.5 hp motor and can bend materials in applications like angle bending, metal folding, and marine tubes. It is a low-cost and portable device for bending steel.
Similar to computer aided machine drawing writing material (20)
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
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2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
1. Ex.no:1 Sleeve and cotter joint
Aim:
To draw and assemble given parts to design sleeve and cotter joint using AutoCAD.
Description:
• Sleeve and cotter joint is a type of joint use that usually connects two identical coaxial
cylindrical rods.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Spline
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
➢ Draw the sleeve part first
➢ Draw the cotter in sleeve both right and left side
➢ Draw the rod in sleeve both right and left side
➢ Copy the sleeve and paste in top view.
➢ Draw the rod in top view
➢ Draw the cotter in top view
➢ Use the suitable dimension tool
➢ Use Hatch tool
Result:
• Given sleeve and cotter joint successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
2. Ex.no:2 Knuckle Joint
Aim:
To draw and assemble given parts to design knuckle joint using AutoCAD.
Description:
• A knuckle joint is a form of pin joint that's used to transmit tension loads while allowing
rotation in one plane.
• Knuckle joints are often used to connect rods subjected to tension in structures such as roof
ties, bridges, and cranes.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Spline
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
➢ First draw the fork end part.
➢ Draw the eye end part
➢ Draw the knuckle pin
➢ Draw the collar
➢ Draw the tapper pin
➢ Draw the top view suitable drawing tools
Result:
• Given knuckle joint successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
3. Ex.no:3 Screw Jack
Aim:
To draw and assemble given parts to design screw jack using AutoCAD.
Description:
• A jackscrew, or screw jack, is a type of jack that is operated by turning a leadscrew.
• It is commonly used to lift moderately and heavy weights, such as vehicles; to raise and lower the
horizontal stabilizers of aircraft; and as adjustable supports for heavy loads, such as the
foundations of houses.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Spline
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
Front view:
➢ Draw the body first in front view
➢ Draw the nut
➢ Draw the screw
➢ Draw the cup
➢ Draw the washer
➢ Drae the screw
➢ Draw the tommy bar
Top view:
➢ Use the suitable draw tools to design top view of screw jack
Result:
• Given screw jack successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
4. Ex.no:4 Foot Step Bearing
Aim:
• To draw and assemble given parts to design screw jack using AutoCAD.
Description:
➢ A bearing designed to support a vertical shaft or spindle, typically taking the form of a
block having a cavity that accommodates the lower part of a shaft.
➢ A footstep bearing is a cylindrical rigid block with a solid foundation. It has a cavity inside it
within which the shaft is placed. The footstep bearing supports a vertical shaft. Many a time
vertical shafts overhang, thus the footstep bearing is used as end support.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Spline
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
Front view:
➢ Draw the supporting bracket first.
➢ Draw the bush
➢ Draw pad part
➢ Draw shaft part
➢ Draw locking plate
➢ Draw screw part
Top view:
➢ Use the suitable draw and modify tools to draw top view.
Result:
• Given Foot Step Bearing successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
5. Ex.no:5 Plummer Block
Aim:
• To draw and assemble given parts to design Plummer Block using AutoCAD.
Description:
➢ The Plummer block, which is an assembly comprising of a self-aligning ball bearing or
spherical roller bearing placed in bearing boxes of various shapes, has a large load
capacity and is easy to handle.
➢ Therefore it is widely used in general industrial machinery such as conveyors.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Spline
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
Front view:
➢ Draw the brasses part first.
➢ Draw the body part.
➢ Draw the cap part
➢ Draw the bolt and nut
Top View:
➢ Draw the top view with suitable draw and modify tools
Result:
• Given Plummer Block successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
6. Ex.no:6 Universal Coupling
Aim:
• To draw and assemble given parts to design Universal Coupling using AutoCAD.
Description:
➢ A Universal Joint is a joint or coupling that connects rigid rods whose axes are bent to each
other and are commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion.
➢ It consists of a pair of hinges placed close together, connected by a cross shaft, oriented at
90 ° to each other.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Spline
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
Front view:
➢ Draw shaft part
➢ Draw fork part
➢ Draw central block
➢ Draw pin part
➢ Draw the collar
➢ Draw the key
Top view:
➢ Draw the top view with suitable draw and modify tools
Result:
• Given Universal Coupling successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
7. Ex.no:7 Simple Eccentric
Aim:
• To draw and assemble given parts to design Simple Eccentric using AutoCAD.
Description:
➢ Simple eccentric is used in steam engine
➢ Unlike a cam, which also converts rotary into linear motion at almost any rate of acceleration
and deceleration, an eccentric or return crank can only impart simple harmonic motion.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Spline
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
Front view:
➢ Draw sheave part first.
➢ Draw strap part
➢ Draw bolt part
➢ Draw the nut part
➢ Draw packing part
Top View:
➢ Use the suitable draw and modify tools
Result:
• Given Simple Eccentric successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
8. Ex.no:8 Machine Vice
Aim:
• To draw and assemble given parts to design Machine Vice using AutoCAD.
Description:
➢ A machine vice works by positioning and restraining a workpiece while using a machine
such as a drill press or milling machine.
➢ When turned, pressure is exerted by this handle through the main screw, which either opens
or closes the vice jaws depending on the direction of rotation.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Spline
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
Front view:
➢ Draw base part
➢ Draw the block part
➢ Draw fixed jaw
➢ Draw sliding jaw part
➢ Draw screw spindle part
Top view
➢ Draw base part
➢ Draw screw part
➢ Draw sliding jaw part
➢ Draw spindle part
Result:
• Given Machine Vice successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
9. Ex.no:9 Protected type Flanged Coupling
Aim:
• To draw and assemble given parts to design Protected type flanged coupling using AutoCAD.
Description:
➢ Flange Coupling is a driving coupling between rotating shafts that consists of flanges one
of which is fixed at the end of each shaft, the two Flanges being bolted together with a ring of
bolts to complete the drive.
➢ A flange coupling meant to bring two tube ends together in a flush, sealed manner.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
Front view:
➢ Draw the flange male part first.
➢ Draw the flange female part
➢ Draw the nut
➢ Draw the bolt
➢ Draw the keys
Side view:
➢ Use draw and modify tools to draw the side view
Result:
• Given Protected type flanged coupling successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
10. Ex.no:10 Stuffing Box
Aim:
• To draw and assemble given parts to design stuffing box using AutoCAD.
Description:
➢ A stuffing box or gland package is an assembly which is used to house a gland seal.
➢ It is used to prevent leakage of fluid, such as water or steam, between sliding or
turning parts of machine elements.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
Front view:
➢ Draw the body part first
➢ Draw gland part
➢ Draw the bush part
➢ Draw stud part
➢ Draw nut
Top view:
➢ Use the draw and modify tools to draw top view
Result:
• Given stuffing box successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
11. Ex.no:11 Connecting Rod
Aim:
• To draw and assemble given parts to design vertical stuffing box using AutoCAD.
Description:
➢ A connecting rod is the part of a piston engine which connects the piston to the
crankshaft.
➢ Together with the crank, the connecting rod converts the reciprocating motion of the piston
into the rotation of the crankshaft.
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Fillet
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
Front view:
➢ Draw rod part
➢ Draw cap part
➢ Draw bearing brass
➢ Draw the bearing bush
➢ Draw bolt
➢ Draw nut
Top view:
➢ Use the draw and modify tools to draw top view
Result:
• Given Connecting Rod successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.
12. Ex.no:12 Swivel Bearing
Aim:
• To draw and assemble given parts to design swivel bearing using AutoCAD.
Description:
➢ Swivel bearing is used to support and adjust itself the position of the shaft when there is
possibility of slight misalignment
Commands used:
• Limits
• Units
• Line
• Fillet
• Circle
• Hatch
• Copy
• Move
• Mirror
• Text
• Trim
• Erase
• Dimension
Procedure:
Front view:
➢ Draw casting part
➢ Draw spindle part
➢ Draw fork part
➢ Draw knurling nut part
➢ Draw bearing and bush
➢ Draw set screw
Top view:
➢ Draw the bolt and nut with other draw and modify tools
Result:
• Given swivel bearing successfully drawn and assembled using AutoCAD.