Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is a process that builds objects by adding layers of material. It has many applications in construction, defense, and other industries.

1. SHARAD INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
YADRAV- ICHALKARANJI (Kolhapur)
An ‘A’ Grade Institute Accredited by NAAC
NBA Accredited Programmes
Prepared by
Mr. Ashish A. Desai
Assistant Professor
Composite Material

2. Introduction to Composite Materials
• Definition:
• Composite materials are engineered materials
made from two or more distinct constituent
materials with significantly different physical
or chemical properties. When combined, they
create a material with enhanced properties
that are superior to the individual
components.:

3. Importance of Composite Materials:
• High Strength-to-Weight Ratio: Stronger than
metals but much lighter.
• Corrosion Resistance: Unlike metals, composites
resist rust and degradation.
• Customizable Properties: Can be tailored for
specific mechanical, thermal, or electrical needs.
• Durability: Longer lifespan compared to many
conventional materials.
• Comparison with Conventional Materials

4. Comparison with Conventional Materials
Property Metals Polymers Composites
Strength High Low to moderate Very High
Weight Heavy Light Light
Corrosion
Resistance
Requires
coating/treatment
Moderate High
Customizability Limited High Very High
Cost Moderate to high Low
Varies (initial cost
high, lifecycle cost
low)

5. Classification of Composite Materials
• Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs)
• Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs)
• Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs)
• Hybrid Composites

6. 1. Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs)
• Matrix Material: Polymers (Thermosetting or
Thermoplastic)
• Reinforcement: Glass, Carbon, or Aramid
fibers
• Properties: Lightweight, high strength,
corrosion-resistant
• Applications: Aerospace, automotive, sports
equipment

7. 2. Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs)
• Matrix Material: Metals (Aluminum, Titanium,
Magnesium)
• Reinforcement: Silicon carbide, Boron fibers
• Properties: High-temperature resistance,
superior strength
• Applications: Aircraft structures, engine
components, defense

8. 3. Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs)
• Matrix Material: Ceramics (Silicon Carbide,
Aluminum Oxide)
• Reinforcement: Ceramic fibers, Carbon fibers
• Properties: Extreme heat resistance, wear
resistance, brittle nature
• Applications: Aerospace, automotive braking
systems, nuclear reactors

9. 4. Hybrid Composites
• Combination of two or more different types of
reinforcements or matrices
• Examples: Carbon-Glass fiber reinforced
polymers
• Properties: Tailored mechanical properties,
improved damage resistance
• Applications: High-performance structural
components in aerospace, automotive, and
biomedical sectors

10. Properties of Composite Materials
• Composite materials offer superior performance compared to conventional materials.
Some key properties include:
1. High Strength-to-Weight Ratio
• Stronger than metals while significantly lighter
• Used in aerospace, automotive, and sports applications to reduce weight without
compromising strength
2. Corrosion Resistance
• Unlike metals, composites do not rust or degrade in harsh environments
• Ideal for marine structures, pipelines, and chemical storage tanks
3. Fatigue Resistance
• Composites can withstand repeated loading cycles without significant deterioration
• Improves durability in aircraft, bridges, and wind turbine blades
4. Thermal and Electrical Properties
• Thermal: Some composites have high-temperature resistance (e.g., Ceramic Matrix
Composites for aerospace applications)
• Electrical: Can be tailored to be insulating (fiber-reinforced polymers) or conductive
(carbon-based composites)

11. Manufacturing Techniques
• Hand Lay-up
• Spray Lay-up
• Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)
• Compression Molding
• Additive Manufacturing (3D Printing)

12. Applications of Composite Materials
• Aerospace
• Automotive
• Marine
• Sports Equipment
• Biomedical

15. THANK YOU