The document outlines the Clean Coalition's mission to promote local renewable energy through community microgrids by 2025 aiming for 25% of US electricity from such sources. It details initiatives for optimizing distributed energy resources (DER), strategies for project execution, and examples of successful implementations in different communities. Additionally, funding strategies and deployment models are discussed, emphasizing the importance of local energy solutions for resilience and sustainability.

1. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now
Community Microgrids
Optimizing economics, environment, & resilience
17 May 2018
Craig Lewis
Executive Director
Clean Coalition
650-796-2353 mobile
craig@clean-coalition.org

2. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 2
Clean Coalition (non-profit) Mission
To accelerate the transition to renewable
energy and a modern grid through
technical, policy, and project
development expertise

3. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 3
Clean Coalition Vision

4. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 4
Top overarching objective: 25 by 25
Ensure that by 2025, at least 25% of all
electricity consumption in the United States is
from local renewable energy sources
Locally generated electricity does not travel over the
transmission grid to get from the location it is generated
to where it is consumed

5. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 5
Accelerating & Amplifying Change ROIDegreeofChange
Time
Effective Policy and
Effective Programs
(Compelling ROI)
Effective Policy or
Effective Programs
(Questionable ROI)
Business as usual
(No investment required)

6. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 6
Clean Coalition Initiatives Map
Policy Programs
DSO Staging WDG Streamlining DER Deployment
PAEC Phase 1TACC
WDG Procurement
WDG Interconnection
DRP Proliferation
CMI
PAEC Phase 2
VGES
Consulting
CPUC DER Pilots
DRP Design &
Implementation
Year
CM Alternatives to
Gas Peakers
& TransmissionDER Market Design
Montecito CMs
North Bay
Community Resilience
DER Valuation

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Clean Coalition Business ModelDegreeofChange
Time
Effective Policy and
Effective Programs
(Compelling ROI)
Effective Policy or
Effective Programs
(Questionable ROI)
Business as usual
(No investment required)
Execute initiatives in the most
timely and cost-effective manner
possible while securing funding
to pay for the work

8. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 8
Clean Coalition program expertise
Powerflow modeling;
DER optimization
Grid planning,
procurement, and
interconnection
Design and
implementation
Analysis &
Planning
Program and
Policy Design
Community
Microgrid ProjectsGrid Modeling &
Optimization
Full cost and value
accounting for DER*;
siting analysis
* Distributed energy resources (DER) = local renewable generation, energy efficiency, energy storage,
electric vehicles and charging infrastructure, and demand response technologies.

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WDG Unleashes Renewables
Distribution Grid
Project Size
Behind the Meter
Central Generation
Serves Remote Loads
Wholesale DG
Serves Local Loads
Retail DG
Serves Onsite Loads
Transmission Grid
5 kW
50+ MW
500 kW

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WDG Unleashed Solar in Germany
Solar Markets: Germany vs California (RPS + CSI + other)
Germany deployed over 10 times more solar than California,
mostly on built-environments, in the decade from 2002 despite
California having 70% better solar resource
Sources: CPUC, CEC, SEIA and
German equivalents.
CumulativeMW
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
2002 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
California
Germany

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German solar is mostly local (on rooftops)
-
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
up to 10 kW 10 to 30 kW 30 to 100 kW 100 kW to 1 MW over 1 MW
MW
German Solar Capacity Installed through 2012
Source: Paul Gipe, March 2011
Germany’s solar deployments are almost entirely sub-2 MW projects on built-
environments and interconnected to the distribution grid (not behind-the-meter)
22.5%
26%
23.25%
9.25%
19%

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German rooftop solar is 4 to 6 cents/kWh today
Project Size Euros/kWh USD/kWh
California Effective
Rate $/kWh
Under 10 kW 0.1270 0.1359 0.0628
10 kW to 40 kW 0.1236 0.1323 0.0611
40.1 kW to 750 kW 0.1109 0.1187 0.0548
Other projects up to 750 kW* 0.0891 0.0953 0.0440
Conversion rate for Euros to Dollars is €1:$1.07
California’s effective rate is reduced 40% due to tax incentives and
then an additional 33% due to the superior solar resource
Replicating German scale and efficiencies would yield rooftop solar today at only
between 4 and 6 cents/kWh to California ratepayers
* For projects that are not sited on residential structures or sound barriers.

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Community Microgrid Vision

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Community Microgrids = the Grid of the Future
Key features:
• A targeted and coordinated local grid area served by
one or more distribution substations
• High penetrations of local renewables and other
Distributed Energy Resources (DER) such as energy
storage and demand response
• Staged capability for ongoing renewables-driven
power backup for critical and prioritized loads across
the grid area
• A solution that can be readily extended throughout
a utility service territory – and replicated into any
utility service territory around the world
A Community Microgrid is a new approach for designing and operating the
electric grid, stacked with local renewables and staged for resilience.

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Community Microgrid key stakeholders
Community Microgrid
Financiers
Solution
Providers
Utility
Property
Owners
Municipalities Residents
Philanthropic
Funders

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Community Microgrids in Six Steps
1. Goals
Desired goals &
performance
metrics of the
target grid area
based on local
resources and
known or
anticipated grid
issues.
Includes
renewables
penetration
goals, grid
reliability &
power quality
performance
targets, and
power backup
requirements.
2. Baseline
Analysis
Inventory of the
existing grid
assets including
load profiles,
voltage
regulation,
feeder and
transformer
capacities, and
existing
generation.
Includes
identifying
prioritized
services that
require backup
power during
outages.
3. Siting
Survey
Comprehensive
survey of the
renewable
energy potential
in the target grid
area specific to
local resources &
site
characteristics
Informs other
requirements
such as energy
storage capacity
needs and
control system
functionality.
4. DER
Optimization
Design of optimal
DER portfolios
combining
renewables,
energy storage,
and demand
response.
Incorporates
Baseline Grid
Analysis and
Renewables
Survey to achieve
optimal
outcomes based
on local
resources and
grid assets.
5. Benefits
Analysis
Full analysis of
cost- benefits
and net value
including
reductions in
T&D
investments,
ratepayer
impacts, and
local job
creation.
Includes bulk
procurement &
interconnection
that achieve a
“plug-and-play”
model, further
reducing costs.
6.Deployment
Plan
Final system
design, financial
model and
operational plan
for the
Community
Microgrid.
Includes vendor
analysis (e.g. RFIs,
RFPs) appropriate
to the final design
criteria, financial
model, and
operational
requirements.

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Solar Siting Survey (SSS) for Montecito

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Lower Village Community Microgrid map view

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Hot Springs Feeder is a key to success

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Lower Village Community Microgrid block diagram
Transmission
Santa
Barbara
Substation
Diagram Elements
Autonomously Controllable Microgrid
Relay/Switch (open, closed)
North of 101
South of 101
Other
Tier 1
Loads
Montecito
Country
Club
Vons cluster CVS
Four
Seasons
Coral
Casino
Athletic
Club
Event
Center
Cemetery
Sanitary
District
Music
Academy
Tier 2 & 3
Loads
Tier 2 & 3
Loads Tier 2 & 3
Loads

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Upper Village Community Microgrid potential
Fire Dist. HQ
Water Dist. HQ
MarketGas
Station
US Post Office
Wells Fargo Bank
Montecito
Association HQ
East Valley Road /
Hwy 192
San Ysidro Rd

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Upper Village Community Microgrid block diagram
Transmission
Santa
Barbara
Substation
Tier 2 & 3
Loads
Hot Springs
Feeder (16 kV)
Diagram Elements
Autonomously Controllable Microgrid
Relay/Switch (open, closed) Northern
Portion
Central
Portion
Eastern
Portion
Southern
Portion
Southern
Portion
Tier 2 & 3
Loads
Lower Village
Community Microgrid

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Upper Village northern portion
Fire Protection
Dist. HQ
Water Dist. HQ

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Montecito Community Microgrids use of funds
1. $300k - $600k to take each comprehensive Community
Microgrid from an idea to being ready for deployment
• 30% - Project Staging.
• 45% - Project Planning & Engineering.
• 25% - Deployment Preparation.
2. $7.5 million to deploy Upper Village Community Microgrid
• $2 million for 500 kWac of solar at $4k/kWac (mostly smallish solar
carports and rooftop arrays).
• $2 million for 500 kW / 500 kWh of energy storage at $1k/kWh.
• $2 million for grid upgrades like the addition of grid isolation
switches etc.
• $1.5 million for Monitoring, Communications, and Control (MC2).
3. $22.5 million to deploy Lower Village Community Microgrid
• Economies of scale from more than 5 times the levels of solar and
energy storage; and larger individual project sizes.
• Leverage grid upgrade and MC2 learning from Upper Village efforts.

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Montecito Community Microgrids source of funds
1. $300k - $600k to take a Community Microgrid from an idea
to being ready for deployment
• Philanthropic funding.
2. $7.5 million to deploy Upper Village Community Microgrid
• About half pays for itself (most of the solar and about half the
energy storage and MC2).
• Other half (about $3.75 million) needs to be paid by grants and
philanthropic funding; and possibly via SCE ratebasing.
3. $22.5 million to deploy Lower Village Community Microgrid
• Will require about 25% to be paid by grants and philanthropic
funding; and possibly via SCE ratebasing.

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UCSB Community Microgrid – Area Map

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UCSB Community Microgrid – Phase 1
Switch 565
Switch 516
Switch 552
Eucalyptus Grove
Legend
Color Description
Research North Feeder 12.47 kV
Critical facilities- critical loads
must be backed up
Non-critical facilities- loads must
be shed
Existing Solar
Proposed Solar PV

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UCSB Community Microgrid – Phase 1 + 2

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Redwood City Community Microgrid
Conceptual Diagram

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Redwood City
Corporate Yard
Sobrato
Broadway Plaza
San Mateo
County
Corporate
Yard
Boys & Girls Club
Hoover
Elementary School
Stanford
Redwood City
Hoover Park
Stanford Medicine
Outpatient Clinic
Redwood City Disadvantaged Community and
Community Microgrid Sites
USPS
USPS

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Redwood City
Corporate Yard
Sobrato
Broadway Plaza
San Mateo
County
Corporate
Yard
Boys & Girls Club
Hoover
Elementary School
Stanford
Redwood City
Hoover Park
Stanford Medicine
Outpatient Clinic
Redwood City Disadvantaged Community and
Community Microgrid Sites
USPS
USPS

32. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 32
Site Name
Meters or
Buildings Critical Loads
NEM Solar
[kW AC]
FIT Solar
[kW AC]
Total
Solar [kW
AC] Battery [kW]
Battery
[kWh]
EVCI
(Level 2)
Stanford Redwood
City
Phase 1
P1, B1-B4
Campus emergency
response
886 0 886 251 2,100 52
Hoover Cluster
Hoover School Shelter & food service 73 203 276 29 150 20
Boys & Girls Club Shelter & food service 11 90 101 0 0 10
Hoover Park Equipment staging 0 0 0 0 0 0
Redwood City
Corporate Yard
Redwood City
Corporate Yard
Road and public
facility maintenance
and repair
136 352 488 58 360 *4
San Mateo County
Corporate Yard
(SMC Yard)
SMC Yard Meter 1
Road and public
facility maintenance
and repair
65 0 65 58 240 0
SMC Yard Meter 2 33 121 154 0 0 *4
SMC Yard Meter 3 0 79 79 0 0 0
Sobrato Broadway
Plaza
Sobrato Broadway
Plaza (multiple
meters)
Low income housing 0 1,197 1,197 TBD TBD TBD
Sobrato CVS Pharmacy & grocery 0 83 83 TBD TBD TBD
New Deployments TOTAL 1,204 2,125 3,329 396 2,850 82
Deployment Summary
With net metering, only 1.2 MW can be deployed.
With a new FIT program, an additional 2.1 MW of local, renewable generation could
be deployed in a disadvantaged community.

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Stanford RWC Phase 1 and 2

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Stanford RWC Phase 1 Overview Map

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Stanford RWC Phase 1 feeders & switching

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Hoover Cluster Conceptual Diagram
126 kW Solar Carport
77 kW Solar Carport
Hoover School Main Transformer
30 kW/ 150 kWh Battery
M
M
M
83 kW Solar Carport
Not drawn to scale
10 L2 EVCI ports
10 L2 EVCI ports
10 L2 EVCI ports
73 kW Rooftop Solar
BGCP Main Transformer
BGCP Meter Main
Hoover School Meter Main
Proposed trenching path
Hoover Park Meter Main
Proposed overhead conduit path
18 kW Rooftop Solar

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Hoover Cluster Detailed Map

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Sobrato Broadway Plaza and CVS
overview map

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Ecoplexus project at the Valencia Gardens Apartments in SF. ~800 kW meeting ~80% of the total annual load.
Peek at the Community Microgrid future

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Backup

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Community Microgrids obviate gas peakers
Thanks in part to our analysis, California regulators have rejected Ellwood and
signaled their intent to reject Puente as well
“Let’s take this opportunity to move the Oxnard community into the clean energy
future — which is here already.” Carmen Ramirez, Mayor of Oxnard
Significant opportunity to leverage this work to prevent future new gas plant
proposals across the country

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Community Microgrids cheaper than gas peakers
Leveraging our technical and economic expertise, the Clean Coalition conducted
an analysis to determine the viability of solar+storage as a better alternative