This document discusses community mental health nursing and the community mental health program in India. It defines community mental health nursing and outlines the goals of community mental health programs, which include prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of mental illness. The document also describes the components of community mental health programs in India, which include services like outpatient care, emergency services, and rehabilitation. Challenges to community mental health programs in India are also summarized such as a lack of mental health professionals and issues with monitoring programs.
This slide contains information regarding Community Mental Health Nursing. This can be helpful for proficiency level and bachelor level nursing students. Your feedback is highly appreciated. Thank you!
This slide contains information regarding Community Mental Health Nursing. This can be helpful for proficiency level and bachelor level nursing students. Your feedback is highly appreciated. Thank you!
Crisis intervention
To introduce the topic
To define crisis
To describe the crisis proneness Characteristic
To enumerate about the types of crisis.
To explain the phases of crisis.
To enlist the sign and symptoms of crisis.
To discuss about the process of crisis intervention
To define the crisis intervention.
To elaborate about aims of crisis intervention
The basic about the principles of psychiatric nursing , what all are the basic we have to follow while providing care to the psychiatric patients in hospital and in the community area
District Mental Health Programme (DMHP) in Uttar Pradesh: A Review.
District Mental Health Programme (DMHP) is part of National Mental Health Programme, India.
Crisis intervention
To introduce the topic
To define crisis
To describe the crisis proneness Characteristic
To enumerate about the types of crisis.
To explain the phases of crisis.
To enlist the sign and symptoms of crisis.
To discuss about the process of crisis intervention
To define the crisis intervention.
To elaborate about aims of crisis intervention
The basic about the principles of psychiatric nursing , what all are the basic we have to follow while providing care to the psychiatric patients in hospital and in the community area
District Mental Health Programme (DMHP) in Uttar Pradesh: A Review.
District Mental Health Programme (DMHP) is part of National Mental Health Programme, India.
This is a project for a high school AP Psychology course. This is a fictionalized account of having a psychological ailment. For questions about this blog project or its content please email the teacher Chris Jocham: jocham@fultonschools.org
national mental health programme. For pptxAltafBro
India has made tremendous progress with regard to mental health services in last two decades. Some of the important services are
Integrating mental health care with general health care to enable early and regular treatment.
School mental health programmes, involving the school teachers and students.
Promotion of child mental health by involvement of Anganwadis.
Half way homes for mentally ill for social skill training, vocational training etc.
Alcohol de- addiction centres.
To create more awareness on mental health among rural people and to give them better mental health care, this community based mental health programme was started in India in 1982. It forms one of the important milestones in community psychiatry in India. National mental health programme was started with a slogan “REACHING THE UNREACHED”
1. Prevention and treatment of mental and neurological disorders and their associated disabilities.
2. Use of mental health technology to improve general health services.
3. Application of mental health principles in total national development to improve quality of life.
1. Prevention and treatment of mental and neurological disorders and their associated disabilities.
2. Use of mental health technology to improve general health services.
3. Application of mental health principles in total national development to improve quality of life.
1. Prevention and treatment of mental and neurological disorders and their associated disabilities.
2. Use of mental health technology to improve general health services.
3. Application of mental health principles in total national development to improve quality of life.
1. Prevention and treatment of mental and neurological disorders and their associated disabilities.
2. Use of mental health technology to improve general health services.
3. Application of mental health principles in total national development to improve quality of life.
1. Prevention and treatment of mental and neurological disorders and their associated disabilities.
2. Use of mental health technology to improve general health services.
3. Application of mental health principles in total national development to improve quality of life.
1. Prevention and treatment of mental and neurological disorders and their associated disabilities.
2. Use of mental health technology to improve general health services.
3. Application of mental health principles in total national development to improve quality of life.
6. Mental health care which includes treatment, rehabilitation and prevention provided through all the health care delivery systems.
7. Improved and specialized care made available through mental hospitals and teaching psychiatric hospitals.
8. Mental health training: minimum essentials of mental health should be taught to all health care workers at level and specialized training at various levels.
9. The care of the mentally retarded and treatment programs for drug dependence.
6. Mental health care which includes
National Mental Health Programme was launched by the government of India (NMHP) IN 1982, Keeping in view the heavy burden of mental illness in the community and inadequate infrastructure in the country to deal with it.
Aim of national mental health Programme was prevention and treatment of mental neurological disorder and their associated disability, use of mental health technology to improve general health services, to improve the quality of life.
National Mental Health Programme was launched in 1982 keeping in view the heavy burden of mental illness in the community, and the absolute inadequacy of mental health care infrastructure in the country to deal with it.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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2. Community mental health is the application of
specialized knowledge to population and
communities to promote and maintain mental
health, and to rehabilitate population at risk that
continue to have residual effects of mental
illness. - (Sreevani)
Community Mental Health Nursing is the
application of knowledge of psychiatric nursing
in promoting and maintaining mental health of
people, to help in early diagnosis and care and to
rehabilitate the clients after mental illness.
- (Bimla Kapoor)
3. The Community Mental Health Programme
includes all community facilities pertinent in
any way to prevention, treatment and
rehabilitation. - K.Park
6. To ensure treatment and prevention of mental
and neurological disorder.
Use of mental health technology
Application of mental health principles in
total national development to improve quality
of life.
7. Inpatient services
Outpatient services
Partial hospitalization
Emergency services
Diagnostic services
Pre-care and aftercare services including
foster home placement and home visiting
Education services
Training
Research and evaluation.
8. Early diagnosis and treatment
Rehabilitation
Group and individual psychotherapy
Mental health education
Use of modern psychoactive drugs
After-care services
9. Integration of mental health with primary
health care through the national mental
health program.
Provision of tertiary care institutions for
treatment of mental disorders.
Eradication stigmatization of mentally ill
patients and protecting their rights through
regulatory institutions like the central mental
health authority, and state mental health.
10. Objectives
Basic mental health care to all the needy especially the
poor from rural, rural,slim and tribal areas.
Application of mental health knowledge in general
health care and in social development.
Promotion of community participation in mental
health service development and increase of efforts
towards self help in the community.
Prevention and treatment of mental health and
neurological disorders and their associated dissbilities.
Use of mental health technology to improve general
health services
Application of mental health principles in total
national development to improve quality of life.
11. Integration of mental health care services with
the existing general health services.
Utilization of the existing infrastructure of
health services and also deliver the minimum
mental health care services.
Provision of appropriate task oriented
training to the existing health staff.
Linkage of mental health services with the
existing community development program.
13. Extension of DMHP to 100 districts
Up gradation of Psychiatry wings of
Government Medical Colleges/ General
Hospitals
Modernization of State Mental hospitals
IEC
Monitoring & Evaluation
14. In the XI Five Year Plan, the NMHP has the
following components/schemes:
District Mental Health Programme (DMHP)
Manpower Development Schemes - Centers
Of Excellence And Setting Up/ Strengthening
PG Training Departments of Mental Health
Specialities
Modernization Of State Run Mental Hospitals
Up gradation of Psychiatric Wings of Medical
Colleges/General Hospitals
IEC
Training & Research
Monitoring & Evaluation
15. Was launched in 1996 in 4 districts under
NMHP and was expanded to 27 districts of the
country by the end of IXth Five year plan
period
THANAL(Geriatric Mental Health
Programme),THALIRU(School Mental Health
Programme),SANTHWANAM(Occupational
Therapy Units),JEEVANRAKSHA(Suicide
Prevention Programme),BODHANA (Stress
Management Programme) and MUKTHI
(Substance Abuse Prevention Programme)
17. Non-availability of psychiatrists and other mental
health professionals like psychiatric social workers
and clinical psychologists in many states for
manning DMHPs.
Lack of delegation of power for procuring medicines
and recruiting staff under the program at the
district level.
The program was focused on catering mostly to
severely mentally ill and many important issues like
suicide prevention, workplace stress management,
adolescent mental health and college counseling
services which could benefit larger section of society
and were not covered under DMHP thus making
these important services inaccessible to the
community.
18. Low level of community participation due to
stigma attached to mental illness.
Lack of regular and dedicated monitoring and
facilitating mechanism.
Lack of detailed operational guidelines for
implementation of the schemes.
Lack of co-ordination between Department of
Medical Education and Health Department at
the State level lead to delays in
implementation of DMHPs.
Some states were not able to take over the
funding of DMHP activities after the
completion of 5 years.
19. Psychiatric Emergency Care
Day-Treatment Programs
Residential Treatment Programs
Psychiatric Home Care
Aftercare and rehabilitation
21. Assessment of family
Assessment of community
Planning and implementation
Family interventions
Community interventions
Evaluation
22. Assisting in the immediate diagnosis and
treatment of mental illnesses.
Making special arrangements to protect and take
care of patients to prevent them,from physical
injuries and attempted suicides.
Establishing the importance of mental health in
general patients and telling them the methods of
attaining good mental health
Follow up of mental patients
Conducting guidance clinics
Assisting the patients in social rehabilitation after
their treatment
Providing mental health education during home
visits,hospital nursing and community care
23. Park, K. Park‘s Text book of Preventive and Social Medicine,
M/S Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers, Latest Edn.
Gulani K, K. Community Health Nursing:Principles and
practices. Latest Edn.
Bimala Kapoor “ Text book of psychiatric nursing”;volume-
2;kumar book publishers, volume-2 new delhi.
Kamalam.S.(2005)Essentials of Community Health Nursing
Practices,2nd Edition,Jaypee brothers,New Delhi
Swarnkar K. Community Health Nursing, Latest Edn.
Asma Rahim(2008),Principles and Practices of Community
Medicine,1st Edition,Jaypee Publishers,New Delhi.
www.google.com/books/communityhealthnursing
www.wikipedia.com
www.nrhm.gov.in
www.arogykeralam.gov.in