This document discusses concepts related to communication from the works of L. Ron Hubbard. It outlines the basics of communication as being there, looking, and not lying. It then defines the components of understanding as affinity, reality, and communication. Affinity is defined as liking or emotional reaction, reality as what seems to be or agreed upon, and communication as the exchange of ideas between two people. It presents the formula for communication as cause, distance, effect with intention, attention, and duplication with understanding. Finally, it discusses getting a person to explain their point of view so they feel less defensive and able to acknowledge other perspectives.