3. MEANING
The word communication originates from
‘communis’ a Greek word, meaning ‘to make
common’.
It is the process of passing messages, ideal, facts,
opinions, attitudes, information and understanding
from one person to another.
4. DEFINITION
According to Paul Leagens,
It is “a process by which two or more people
exchange ideas, facts, feelings or impressions in
ways that each gains a ‘common understanding’ of
meaning, intent and use of a message.”
According to Newmann, summer and Waren
“Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas,
opinion or emotions by two or more persons.”
5. PURPOSE
Exchange information regarding health
Encourage cooperation ,coordination, good personal
relationships and motivation among health workers
Ensuring public participation in health care
Publicizing health policies ,actions and activities and
to remove rumours
Maintaining continuous public health contacts
Maintenance of health records and to receive correct
reports
Obtaining feedback from community or health
workers
Making health education effective
6. SIGNIFICANCE OF COMMUNICATION
At work –job become more meaningful, interesting,
rewarding, easier.
At home-family become fuller, richer and happier
At society-life take new dimension, one look for new
change
7. SALIENT FEATURES OF
COMMUNICATION
Involve at least two people one who send the message and
the second who receive the massage.
It is a two way process
It is to create understanding in the mind of the receiver
It will be in various forms: order, instruction, report,
suggestion, observation etc.
The massage may be convey through words spoken or
written or gesture
9. IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION
Foundation of planning
Source of information
Decision making
Unity of direction
Effective co-ordination
Device for handling employee grievances
11. PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION
Objective and purposive.
Appropriate to situation.
Systematic analysis of the message.
Selection and determination of appropriate
language and medium of communication
Organizational climate, including appropriate timing
and physical setting .
12. CONT..
Involves special preparation.
Message should convey something of value to the
receiver
The sender has to understand the receivers attitude and
reaction by careful.
Credibility is very important.
13. LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION
Intrapersonal communication
Interpersonal communication
Small group communication
Organizational communication
14. MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
The Shannon–Weaver model
Sender-message-channel-channel-receiver
(SMCR) model
Barnlund communication model
Linear model
22. 2. PERSONAL BARRIERS:-
Language
Lack interest
Lack of knowledge
Fear of criticism
Hearing impairment
Mental status
Personality complexes
Bias and prejudice
Impatience
Inhibition
Attitude etc
23. 3.PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIERS-
Difficulties in hearing
Disease conditions etc.
4. PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS-
Prejudices
perceptions
Inattention
Disinterest
Jealousy
Fear/phobia
Opposite thinking
Feeling of anxiety
Unfulfilled curiosity
Level of intelligence
Lack of interest
24. 5. CULTURAL BARRIERS:-
Language variation
Customs
Believes
Religion
6. BACKGROUND BARRIERS:-
Previous learning,
Cultural backgrounds,
Previous environment of working etc.
7. ORGANIZATIONAL BARRIERS:-
Lack of organizational structure
Incorrect policies
Lack of means of communication
26. HOW COMMUNICATION SKILLS HELP
NURSES?
Generate trust between nurse and clients.
Provides professional satisfaction
Bringing about changes
The foundation of the relationship
Helps to promote managerial efficiency.
Provides basis for leadership action.
Provides means of co-ordination.
27. HOW TO MAKE COMMUNICATION MORE
EFFECTIVE
Clarity of massage
Clarity of objectives of communication
Use of two way communication
Understanding the receiver and physical set up
Adequacy and completeness
Consistency
Timing
Appropriate language and symbols
Credibility
Good listener
28. CONT...
Eliminating differences in perception
Use of simple language
Noise reduction
Avoid overloading of messages
Constructive feedback
Select appropriate channel
Flexibility in meeting the target
Use of multiple channel of communication
Use of informal communication
Maintain transparency
Be confident
29. NEED OF COMMUNICATION IN HOSPITAL
Periodic talks between employer and employer
Staff conference to get suggestions and for decision making
Social gathering to improve interpersonal relationship
Employees’ consultation in problem solving
Sending order and protocol
Handbook to provide general information
Suggestion systems ,complaints
Annual reports
Alarm systems in accident prone area
Telecommunication system
Enquiry officers and public relation officer
Patient information booklet
Insert the payrolls, attendance register
30. COMMUNICATION PATTERN IN NURSING
Communication of nurse administrator with medical
administrator
Communication of nurse administrator with sub-
ordinate
Communication pattern of nurse supervisors
Communication pattern of bedside
nurses/operational level nurse
31.
32.
33. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (OB)
The study and application of knowledge about how people,
individuals, and groups act in organizations, it does this by
taking a system approach.
It interprets people-organization relationships in terms of
the whole person, whole group, whole organization, and
whole social system
34. ORGANIZATION
An organization or organisation is an entity comprising
multiple people, such as an institution or an association,
that has a collective goal and is linked to an external
environment.
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of the way of
people interact within groups.
35. PURPOSE
To build better relationships social system.
To build better relationships by achieving human
objectives, organizational objectives, and social
objectives
36. ELEMENTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOR
The organization’s base rests on management’s
philosophy, values, vision and goals.
The culture determines the type of leadership,
communication, and group dynamics within the
organization.
The workers perceive this as the quality of work life which
directs their degree of motivation.
The final outcomes are performance, individual
satisfaction, and personal growth and development.
All these elements combine to build the model or
framework that the organization operates from.
37. MODELS OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
There are four major models or frameworks that
organizations operate
1. Autocratic
The basis of this model is power with a managerial
orientation of authority.
The employees in turn are oriented towards obedience
and dependence on the boss.
The employee need that is met is subsistence.
The performance result is minimal.
38. 2.Custodial:-
The basis of this model is economic resources with a
managerial orientation of money.
The employees in turn are oriented towards security
and benefits and dependence on the organization.
The employee need that is met is security.
The performance result is passive cooperation
39. 3.Supportive
The basis of this model is leadership with a
managerial orientation of support.
The employees in turn are oriented towards job
performance and participation.
The employee need that is met is status and
recognition.
The performance result is awakened drives.
40. 4.Collegial
The basis of this model is partnership with a managerial
orientation of teamwork.
The employees in turn are oriented towards responsible
behavior and self-discipline.
The employee need that is met is self-actualization.
The performance result is moderate enthusiasm.
41. ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT
Organization Development (OD) is the systematic
application of behavioral science knowledge at
various levels, such as group, inter-group,
organization, etc., to bring about planned change.
42. OBJECTIVES:-
It is objectives are a higher quality of work-life,
productivity, adaptability, and effectiveness.
It accomplishes this by changing attitudes,
behaviours, values, strategies, procedures, and
structures so that the organization can adapt to
competitive actions, technological advances, and
the fast pace of change within the environment.
45. BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Brothers Medical Publisher (p) Ltd, Pp 451-456.
Basheer P Shebeer, Khan S Yaseen,A Concise Text Book of Advanced Nursing
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Suryakantha AH, Community Medicine with Recent Advances, 4th edition, 2017,
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