This document discusses communicable diseases, which are diseases that can be transmitted from one person to another. It provides examples of common communicable diseases like the cold, flu, pneumonia, hepatitis, mononucleosis, sexually transmitted diseases, and HIV/AIDS. It then explains different modes of transmission for communicable diseases, such as direct contact, vectors/reservoirs, airborne transmission, food/water, and indirect contact. The rest of the document delves into more details about specific diseases, their symptoms, treatments, and methods of prevention.

1. *Diseases that are spread from one person to the next
*Diseases that are “catching”
*Diseases that are caused by germs or pathogens
Examples of pathogens include: viruses,
bacteria, protozoa, parasitic worms and fungi
Examples of common communicable diseases…
Cold Flu Pneumonia Hepatitis
Mononucleosis STD’s HIV/AIDS

2. Direct Contact: Exposure to infected body fluids such as blood
or saliva.
Vectors/Reservoirs: Germs are spread by an animal or insect,
usually through a bite
Airborne: Germs are spread through the air, for example
when someone coughs or sneezes.
Food and Water: Food and water can become
contaminated with germs and people can get sick when
they eat or drink them.
Indirect contact: Pathogens remain on surfaces that were in
contact with an infected person.

4. Virus – more than 200 types including
rhinoviruses and corona viruses can
cause the cold
sore, scratchy throat, sneezing,
and a runny nose. Other symptoms
that may occur later include
headache, stuffy nose, watering
eyes, hacking cough, chills, and
general sick-feeling lasting from 2
to 7 days. Some cases may last for
two weeks.Bed rest, drink lots of fluids,
medication to treat the
symptoms. There is NO
CURE

5. Respiratory illness caused several
different viruses
• Fever
• Aches and chills
• Headache
• Tiredness
• Cough
• Sore throat
Complications of the flu…
Bronchitis, pneumonia, can cause death in high risk
groups (people with chronic disease, infants and the
elderly)
Fluids and bed rest
Medication like Tylenol to bring
the fever down and relieve
symptoms

6. H1N1 is a new strain of the flu virus
that is a combination of flu viruses that
affect pigs, birds and humans.Symptoms:
• Fever
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Body aches
• Headaches
• tiredness
*Some people also have
vomiting and diarrhea
If you have any of these symptoms you should seek medical treatment right
away! Your doctor may give you an antiviral medication like tamiflu, which
help to make the symptoms milder.
Treatment: Rest!
Drink lots of fluids, especially
if you have diarrhea!
Stay home from school if you
have a fever, and limit your
contact with others
Prevention- Get the H1N1 Vaccine
AND….
Did you know that this flu virus affects children and
teens more than other flu viruses do…

7. • Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or
sneeze—throw the tissue away after you use it.
• Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after
you cough or sneeze. If you are not near water, use an alcohol-
based hand cleaner.
• Stay away as much as you can from people who are sick.
• If you get the flu, stay home from work or school. If you are
sick, do not go near other people so that you don't make them sick
too. Do not return to school until your doctor says you can!
• Try not to touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. Germs often
spread this way.
• Do not share drinks, food, lip gloss…..

8. • Caused by DIFFERENT Viruses (more than 200 for
the cold, only a few for the flu)
• The flu comes on more QUICKLY
• Some of the symptoms are different….
with the flu there is usually a high fever, aches
and chills
• The flu is more serious, and can be deadly
• There is a vaccine to prevent the flu
(seasonal and H1N1)

9. Hepatitis B is a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the
liver. The virus, which is called hepatitis B virus (HBV), can
cause lifelong infection, cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver, liver
cancer, liver failure, and death
Transmission (how do you get it??)
• Contact with the body fluids of an infected person
*Sexual contact *Blood to Blood contact
Symptoms:
• Jaundice (yellowing of eyes and skin)
• Tiredness and weakness
• Weight loss, loss of appetite
• Abdominal pain
Treatment- Bed rest,
medications, do not drink
alcohol
Prevention: vaccine,
do not share needles,
abstinence (no sex or
drugs!)

10. an infection of the lungs,
which can be caused by a
variety of microorganisms,
including viruses, bacteria, and
parasites.• fever
• chills
• cough
• unusually rapid breathing
• breathing with grunting or
wheezing sounds
• labored breathing
• vomiting
• chest pain
• abdominal pain
• decreased activity
Treatments :
antibiotics(bacterial)
antiviral medications
bed rest
Prevention: vaccine
* don’t share food or drink, or be
around sick people

11. Infectious mononucleosis is sometimes called "mono"
or "the kissing disease“. It is an infection usually
caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
• Not everyone who is exposed to EBV
gets sick
• Once you have it, you will carry the
virus for the rest of your life,
although you probably will not get
sick from it again!
• constant fatigue
• fever
• sore throat
• loss of appetite
• swollen lymph nodes
headaches
• sore muscles
• larger-than-normal liver
or spleen
• skin rash
• abdominal pain
• Kissing someone who has it
• Sharing food, drink, utensils,
toothbrushes
No cure…bed rest, fever reducing
medications, treat other symptoms,
people usually get better in 3-4 weeks

12. An itchy rash of spots that look like
blisters can appear all over the body
and may be accompanied by flu-like
symptoms.
Rash of bumpy fluid filled red bumps that can
rupture and scab over. This rash is very itchy.
Other symptoms include a fever, abdominal
pain, sore throat, and headache (last 5-7 days on
average)
No cure/symptoms can be treated .
Varicella Vaccine