Communicable diseases are caused by pathogens that can spread from person to person. Examples include the cold, flu, pneumonia, hepatitis, mononucleosis, sexually transmitted diseases, and HIV/AIDS. Pathogens spread through direct contact, vectors/reservoirs, airborne transmission, contaminated food/water, or indirect contact. Symptoms and treatments vary depending on the specific disease. Prevention strategies include vaccination, hand washing, avoiding contact with sick individuals, and safe sexual practices.