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Commercial-Exploitation-of-RNA-Interference/Post-Transcriptional-Gene-Silencing.pptx
- 1. Commercial Exploitation of RNAInterference/Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing There are various techniques available for the control of plant diseases, but the most economically feasible method is host plant resistance or host plant immunization. In the 21st century, RNA interference (RNAi) or post transcriptional gene silencing has gained attention for the control of plant diseases and pests. by Sathiya Aravindan
- 2. Notorious Pests andDiseases Controlled via RNAi/Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTG’s) 1 Cross Protection in CTV and TMV Control of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) and Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) through cross protection. 2 Control of Root Knot Nematode Effective control of Meloidogyne incognita in tobacco plants. 3 Control of Citrus Greening Disease Management of Citrus greening disease caused by Asian citrus psyllids. 4 Foliar Application of Bio-clay Coated ds-RNA Use of bio-clay coated ds-RNA for controlling the Whitefly vector.
- 3. Genetically Modified Plants(GMO) and RNAi/PTGS Inhibition of Potyviruses GMO Soybeans developed using the PTG’S technique inhibit the replication of Potyviruses. Carrier Coated ds-RNA Application of carrier coated ds-RNA effectively sensitive for all growth stages of Lepidopteran larvae.
- 4. Working of RNAi/PTGS 1Formation of ds-RNA Cells have the ability to produce ds-RNA either naturally or as a result of viral infection or aberrant bi-directional read through. 2 Production of siRNA, shRNA, and miRNA ds-RNA duplexes have the ability to produce small RNA molecules such as siRNA, shRNA, and miRNA. 3 RNA Mediated Gene Silencing RNA molecules break the m-RNA, leading to gene silencing with the aid of the RISC factor.
- 5. Commercial Exploitation ofRNAi Foliar Application of Clay-Delivered RNA Interference Extracted ds-RNA coated with bio-clay particles or Nano-particles is sprayed on the foliar surface.
- 6. Working Process inPlants 1 Gene Altered GMO Plants Plants produce both sense and anti-sense strands of RNA (ds-RNA) after incorporating specific genes from the vector. 2 Production of si-RNA, sh-RNA, and mi-RNA ds-RNA is cleaved into small RNA molecules with the help of the host-produced RNAse-III (Dicer enzyme).
- 7. Working Process inTargeted Pests/Vector or Pathogens 1 Activated RISC When genetically modified plants/ds-RNA treated plants are eaten up or infected by targeted pests or pathogens, the RISC complex gets activated. 2 Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing The silencing occurs only after transcription takes place, hence it is also called 'Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing'.
- 8. Developers of RNAi/PTGS 1998 Yearof Development RNAi/PTGS was developed by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998.
- 9. Enzyme Dicer andRISC Complex Role of Dicer The enzyme Dicer cuts the ds-RNA, producing small RNA molecules (siRNA, shRNA, miRNA). RISC Complex The RISC complex, formed by the RISC factor combining with proteins such as Argonaut or Slicer, binds with the targeted m-RNA and silences it.
- 10. Application of RNAInterference in Plants Gene Cleavage and Incorporation Specific genes are cleaved from the host and incorporated with the specific vector, becoming r-DNA and inserted into the host plants. Production of ds-RNA The gene-altered GMO plants produce both sense and anti- sense strands of RNA (ds- RNA). Activation of RISC Complex When eaten up or infected by targeted pests or pathogens, the RISC complex gets activated.
- 11. FOR STUDY NOTES: https://getscientified.blogspot.com/2024/02/ commercial-exploitation-of-rna.html YOUTUBEVIDEO LINK: https://youtu.be/L4gMC7S3FnY