Columbus' 1492 voyage led to contact between Europe and America, transforming visions of the world. Sailing for Spain, Columbus aimed to find a route to Asia but discovered the Americas instead. While initially respectful of indigenous peoples, Columbus and later settlers struggled to peacefully coexist with tribes and apply the Spanish monarchs' instructions to treat them well. Columbus' voyages had immense consequences and remain commemorated on October 12th in various ways internationally.

1. Commemoration of the Discovery of America, Oct 12th 1492

2. The Discovery of America in 1492 was momentous and October 12 has
been considered as a memorable day because from then on contact
between Europe and America began, culminating in the so-called
"encounter of two worlds", that transforms the visions of the
world and the lives of both Europeans and Americans.

3. Columbus was a Genovese-born
explorer who became a subject of the
Hispanic Monarchy to lead a Spanish
enterprise to cross the Atlantic Ocean in
search of an alternative route to the Far
East. He was a dedicated Christian.

4. Columbus became
a sailor at the
age of fourteen.
He learned the nautical trade
sailing on Genovese merchant
vessels and became an
accomplished navigator

5. There was an intense competition among the sailing nations of Europe, each
striving to outdo the others in finding new and more efficient trade routes.

6. Columbus world view was influenced
by the maps available his time

7. The caravels set out from Palos de la Frontera,
South West of Spain, and traveled toward the
end of the Earth (“finis terrae”)

8. Looking for a shorter route to Asia,
they discovered America

9. On August 3, 1492,
Columbus embarked from
Spain with ninety men on
three ships: the Niña,
Pinta, and Santa Maria.
After thirty-three days at
sea, Columbus’s flotilla
spotted land (the
Bahamas), which he
claimed in the name of
the Spanish monarchs

11. On this first voyage, Columbus also reached the islands of Cuba and Hispaniola.
Unfortunately, the Santa Maria ran aground on Hispaniola so was forced to
leave forty-two men behind, ordered to treat the indigenous people well
and especially to respect the women, but that order was not heeded.

12. On this second voyage,
Columbus and his men
encountered the fierce
tribe of the Caribs,
who were cannibals
Columbus recognized
the Caribs’ captives as
members of the peaceful
tribe he met on his first
voyage, so he rescued
and returned them
to their homes

13. Columbus’ Third Voyage to the New World

14. On his third voyage, Columbus, was arrested on
charges of mismanagement of the Spanish trading
enterprise in the New World and sent back to
Spain in chains (though later exonerated)

15. Columbus’ Fourth Voyage to the New World

16. His primary motive was to find enough gold to finance a crusade
to retake Jerusalem from the Muslims, as evidenced by a letter
he wrote in December 1492 to King Fernando and Queen Isabel.
He believed he was fulfilling conditions for the Second Coming of Christ.

17. Columbus considered
himself a “Christ-
bearer” like his
namesake, St.
Christopher.

18. When he first arrived on Hispaniola, his first words to
the natives were, “The monarchs of Castile have sent us
not to subjugate you but to teach you the true religion.”

19. In a 1502 letter to Pope Alexander VI (r. 1492-
1503), Columbus asked the pontiff to send
missionaries to the indigenous peoples of
the New World so they could accept Christ.

20. in his will, Columbus proved
his belief in the importance of
evangelization by establishing a
fund to finance missionary efforts
to the lands he had discovered

21. Columbus initially
treated many of the
native peoples with
great respect and
friendship.
He demanded that his
men exchange gifts
with the natives they
encountered and not
just take what they
wanted by force.

22. His views
about the native
peoples changed
over the course
of his multiple
voyages based
on his interaction
with the various
tribes and with
the, at times,
unruly Spanish
settlers.

23. the Spanish monarchs in their instructions to Spanish settlers mandated that
the Indians be treated “very well and lovingly” and demanded that no harm
should come to them. Sadly, this admonition was not always practiced

24. Columbus did view certain tribes (the Caribs in particular) as
combatants, and under the conventions of the day, when
captured in war, were subject to just-title slavery.

25. Columbus was an ambitious man who always sought power and glory.
Queen Isabel the Catholic made him return to American lands a
group of Indians that he brought as slaves on one of his trips.

26. The Crown of Spain considered
the newly discovered lands and
their inhabitants as equals,
and this is demonstrated by
the Codicil of Isabel the
Catholic (her testament) and
Francisco de Vitoria in his
Relectio de Indis.

27. Columbus in the court of King Ferdinand and Queen Elizabeth

28. Columbus died on May 20, 1506

29. Columbus’ tomb
in the cathedral
in Seville

30. THE CELEBRATION OF 12TH OCTOBER
in the UNITED STATES - The landing on Oct 12th is celebrated as Columbus
Day, but the name varies internationally. –
The DOMINICAN REPUBLIC celebrates this day as "The Discovery of the
Americas".
-SPAIN refers to the holiday as “Día de la Hispanidad”
-PERU celebrates "Indigenous Peoples and Intercultural Dialogue Day".
-URUGUAY celebrate it as Pan American Day and Día de las Américas
-COLOMBIA celebrates the "Day of the Race and Hispanicity"),
-COSTA RICA– Day of encounter of cultures - to recognize the mix of
European, Native American (autochthonous populations), African and
Asian cultures
-BELICE Day or thee Americas
-BAHAMAS– National Heroes day
-EL SALVADOR- "as a reminder of gratitude and admiration for the
discoverer of the New World, Christopher Columbus." of El Salvador
abolished the "Fiesta de la Raza", considering that it harms
the dignity of the original peoples.

31. The first Columbus Day celebration
took place on October 12, 1792, when
the Columbian Order of New York,
better known as Tammany Hall, held
an event to commemorate the 300th
anniversary of the historic landing
The day was first
enshrined as a legal
holiday in the United
States through the
lobbying of Angelo
Noce, a first-generation
American, in Denver.

32. Since 1971, when Columbus Day became an officially recognized
Federal holiday in the United States, the holiday has been observed
on the second Monday in October, coincidentally exactly the
same day as Thanksgiving in neighboring Canada since 1957

33. San Francisco claims the nation's oldest continuously existing
celebration with the Italian-American community's annual Columbus
Day Parade, which was established by Nicola Larco in 1868,

34. while New York City
boasts the largest
parade, with over
35,000 marchers and
one million viewers
around (2010)

35. In 1992, in remembrance of the 500th anniversary
of the discovery of America, the Columbus
Lighthouse, in Santo Domingo Este was inaugurated

36. Columbus’ monument in Santo
Domingo of the Dominican
Republic, in the form of a cross

37. On October 10, 1992, Pope John Paul II visited the Dominican
Republic to celebrate the 500th anniversary of the discovery of
the Americas and the arrival of Christianity in the "New World".

38. “You are a chosen race,
a royal priesthood, a holy
nation, a people for his own
to proclaim the praises of
Him who has called you
from darkness into his
wonderful light” (1P 2, 9).
From the homily of Saint Pope John Paul II
His visit ended with a
mass in the nation's
cathedral, the first
cathedral in the
Western Hemisphere

39. In Italy, Columbus Day has been officially celebrated since 2004.
It is officially named Giornata nazionale di Cristoforo Colombo.

40. The "Lega Navale Italiana"
has created “la Regata di
Colombo” as a celebration
of his achievement

41. The first celebration of the Discovery of the Américas by Columbus
in Spain was as early as 1642 when the city of Zaragoza
designated the Virgen del Pilar (Our Lady of the Pillar) as symbol
of the Hispanidad (Hispanicity) on the date of the Spanish
expedition's arrival to the New World.

42. United by the Hispanic language and culture

43. This holiday was declared a religious
feast day throughout the Spanish
Empire 1730. The observation is
enhanced with the feast day of Our
Lady of the Pillar (Fiestas del Pilar),
the so-called Mother of Hispanicity

44. and of Our Lady of Guadalupe (appointed
Queen of Hispanicity in 1928 by the Vatican)
from Guadalupe, Caceres, whose Monastery
was the venue in June 1492 for the decisive
meeting between the Catholic Monarchs and
Columbus to start organising the travel and
where the latter came back in 1493, from
his first voyage, to thank Her for his success.

45. Since 2000, October 12 has also been Spain's Day of the Armed
Forces, celebrated each year with a military parade in Madrid

46. There are other claims to the discovery of America,
like Saint Brendan or Erikson the Dane

47. We must remember America
was populated by numerous
tribes, languages, cultures
and civilzations.

48. The Hispanic enterprise in America has lights and shadows, but many more lights than shadows,
because unlike the colonization of England in North America, in which the Indians were extermin-
ated and sent to reservations, in the meeting of the Spanish cultures and American, new cultures
emerge as a result of that encounter that are no longer Spanish nor indigenous but a mixture of both.

52. LIST OF PRESENTATIONS IN ENGLISH
Revised 20-9-2022
Advent and Christmas – time of hope and peace
All Souls Day
Amoris Laetitia – ch 1 – In the Light of the Word
Amoris Laetitia – ch 2 – The Experiences and Challenges of Families
Amoris Laetitia – ch 3 - Looking to Jesus, the Vocation of the Family
Amoris Laetitia – ch 4 - Love in Marriage
Amoris Laetitia – ch 5 – Love made Fruitfuol
Amoris Laetitia – ch 6 – Some Pastoral Perspectives
Amoris Laetitia – ch 7 – Towards a better education of children
Amoris Laetitia – ch 8 – Accompanying, discerning and integrating weaknwss
Amoris Laetitia – ch 9 – The Spirituality of Marriage and the Family
Beloved Amazon 1ª – A Social Dream
Beloved Amazon 2 - A Cultural Dream
Beloved Amazon 3 – An Ecological Dream
Beloved Amazon 4 - An Ecclesiastical Dream
Carnival
Conscience
Christ is Alive
Fatima, History of the Apparitiions
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 1 – Church and Family today
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 2 - God’s plan for the family
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 3 – 1 – family as a Community
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 3 – 2 – serving life and education
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 3 – 3 – mission of the family in society
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 3 – 4 - Family in the Church
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 4 Pastoral familiar
Football in Spain
Freedom
Grace and Justification
Haurietis aquas – devotion to the Sacred Heart by Pius XII
Holidays and Holy Days
Holy Spirit
Holy Week – drawings for children
Holy Week – glmjpses of the last hours of JC
Human Community
Inauguration of President Donald Trump
Juno explores Jupiter
Kingdom of Christ
Laudato si 1 – care for the common home
Laudato si 2 – Gospel of creation
Laudato si 3 – Human roots of the ecological crisis
Laudato si 4 – integral ecology
Laudato si 5 – lines of approach and action
Laudato si 6 – Education y Ecological Spirituality
Life in Christ
Love and Marriage 12,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
Lumen Fidei – ch 1,2,3,4
Mary – Doctrine and dogmas
Mary in the bible
Martyrs of Korea
Martyrs of North America and Canada
Medjugore Santuario Mariano
Merit and Holiness
Misericordiae Vultus in English
Moral Law
Morality of Human Acts
Passions
Pope Franciss in Thailand
Pope Francis in Japan
Pope Francis in Sweden
Pope Francis in Hungary, Slovaquia
Pope Francis in America
Pope Francis in the WYD in Poland 2016
Passions
Querida Amazonia
Resurrection of Jesus Christ –according to the Gospels
Russian Revolution and Communismo 3 civil war 1918.1921
Russian Revolution and Communism 1
Russian Revolution and Communismo 2
Saint Agatha, virgin and martyr
Saint Albert the Great
Saint Anthony of Padua
Saint Bruno, fuunder of the Carthusians
Saint Faustina Kowalska and thee divine mercy
Saint Francis de Sales
Saint Francis of Assisi
Saint Ignatius of Loyola
Saint James, apostle
Saint John N. Neumann, bishop of Philadelphia
Saint Joseph
Saint Maria Goretti
Saint Mary Magdalen
Saint Mark, evangelist
Saint Martha, Mary and Lazarus
Saint Martin of Tours
Sain Matthew, Apostle and Evangelist
Saint Maximilian Kolbe
Saint Mother Theresa of Calcutta
Saints Nazario and Celso
Saint John Chrysostom
Saint Jean Baptiste MarieaVianney, Curé of Ars
Saint John N. Neumann, bishop of Philadelphia
Saint John of the Cross
Saint Mother Teresa of Calcuta
Saint Patrick and Ireland
Saing Peter Claver
Saint Robert Bellarmine
Saint Therese of Lisieux
Saints Zachary and Elizabeth, parents of John Baptis
Signs of hope
Sunday – day of the Lord
Thanksgiving – History and Customs
The Body, the cult – (Eucharist)
The Chursh, Mother and Teacher
Valentine
Vocation to Beatitude
Virgin of Guadalupe – Apparitions
Virgin of the Pillar and Hispaniic feast day
Virgin of Sheshan, China
Vocation – mconnor@legionaries.org
WMoFamilies Rome 2022 – festval of families
Way of the Cross – drawings for children
For commentaries – email – mflynn@legionaries.org
Fb – Martin M Flynn
Donations to - BANCO - 03069 INTESA SANPAOLO SPA
Name – EUR-CA-ASTI
IBAN – IT61Q0306909606100000139493

53. LISTA DE PRESENTACIONES EN ESPAÑOL
Revisado 27-6-2022
Abuelos
Adviento y Navidad, tiempo de esperanza
Amor y Matrimonio 1 - 9
Amoris Laetitia – ch 1 – A la luz de la Palabre
Amoris Laetitia – ch 2 – Realidad y Desafíos de las Familias
Amoris Laetitia – ch 3 La mirada puesta en Jesús: Vocación de la Familia
Amoris Laetitia – ch 4 - El Amor en el Matrimonio
Amoris Laetitia – ch 5 – Amor que se vuelve fecundo
Amoris Laetitia – ch 6 – Algunas Perspectivas Pastorales
Amoris Laetitia – ch 7 – Fortalecer la educacion de los hijos
Amoris Laetitia – ch 8 – Acompañar, discernir e integrar la fragilidad
Amoris Laetitia – ch 9 – Espiritualidad Matrimonial y Familiar
Carnaval
Conciencia
Cristo Vive
Dia de todos los difuntos
Domingo – día del Señor
El camino de la cruz de JC en dibujos para niños
El Cuerpo, el culto – (eucarisía)
Encuentro Mundial de Familias Roma 2022 – festival de las familias
Espíritu Santo
Fatima – Historia de las apariciones
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 1 – iglesia y familia hoy
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 2 - el plan de Dios para la familia
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 3 – 1 – familia como comunidad
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 3 – 2 – servicio a la vida y educación
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 3 – 3 – misión de la familia en la sociedad
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 3 – 4 - participación de la familia en la iglesia
Familiaris Consortio (FC) 4 Pastoral familiar
Fátima – Historia de las Apariciones de la Virgen
Feria de Sevilla
Haurietis aquas – el culto al Sagrado Corazón
Hermandades y cofradías
Hispanidad
La Iglesia, Madre y Maestra
La Comunidad Humana
La Vida en Cristo
Laudato si 1 – cuidado del hogar común
Laudato si 2 – evangelio de creación
Laudato si 3 – La raíz de la crisis ecológica
Laudato si 4 – ecología integral
Laudato si 5 – líneas de acción
Laudato si 6 – Educación y Espiritualidad Ecológica
Ley Moral
Libertad
Lumen Fidei – cap 1,2,3,4
María y la Biblia
Martires de Corea
Martires de Nor America y Canada
Medjugore peregrinación
Misericordiae Vultus en Español
Moralidad de actos humanos
Pasiones
Papa Francisco en Bulgaria
Papa Francisco en Rumania
Papa Francisco en Marruecos
Papa Francisco en México
Papa Francisco – mensaje para la Jornada Mundial Juventud 2016
Papa Francisco – visita a Chile
Papa Francisco – visita a Perú
Papa Francisco en Colombia 1 + 2
Papa Francisco en Cuba
Papa Francisco en Fátima
Papa Francisco en la JMJ 2016 – Polonia
Papa Francisco en Hugaría e Eslovaquia
Queridas Amazoznia 1,2,3,4
El Reino de Cristo
Resurrección de Jesucristo – según los Evangelios
Revolución Rusa y Comunismo 1, 2, 3
Santa Agata, virgen y martir
San Alberto Magno
San Antonio de Padua
San Bruno, fundador del Cartujo
San Francisco de Asis 1,2,3,4
San Francisco de Sales
Santa Faustina Kowalska, y la divina misericordia
Santa Maria Goretti
Santa María Magdalena
Santa Teresa de Lisieux
San Marco, evangelista
San Ignacio de Loyola
San José, obrero, marido, padre
San Juan Ma Vianney, Curé de’Ars
San Juan Crisostom
San Juan de la Cruz
San Juan N. Neumann, obispo de Philadelphia
San Mateo, Apóstol y Evangelista
San Martin de Tours
San Mateo, Apostol y Evangelista
San Maximiliano Kolbe
Santa Teresa de Calcuta
Santos Marta, Maria, y Lazaro
San Nazario e Celso
San Padre Pio de Pietralcina
San Patricio e Irlanda
San Pedro Claver
San Roberto Belarmino
Santiago Apóstol
Santos Zacarias e Isabel, padres de Juan Bautista
Semana santa – Vistas de las últimas horas de JC
Vacaciones Cristianas
Valentín
Vida en Cristo
Virgen de Guadalupe, Mexico
Virgen de Pilar – fiesta de la hispanidad
Virgen de Sheshan, China
Virtud
Vocación a la bienaventuranza
Vocación – www.vocación.org
Vocación a evangelizar
Para comentarios – email – mflynn@lcegionaries.org
fb – martin m. flynn
Donations to - BANCO - 03069 INTESA SANPAOLO SPA
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