The document summarizes the Columbian Exchange, which was the widespread transfer of animals, plants, cultures, human populations, communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres following Christopher Columbus's arrival in America in 1492. Plants and animals native to the Americas such as maize, potatoes, tomatoes, and rubber trees were introduced to Europe, Africa and Asia, while crops from the Old World like citrus, wheat, coffee and bananas were brought to the New World. The document also discusses the Atlantic slave trade that forcibly transported enslaved Africans to the Americas to work on plantations and in mines between the 16th and 19th centuries.

1. THE COLUMBIAN
EXCHANGE

2. COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
WIDESPREAD EXCHANGE OF
ANIMALS, PLANTS, CULTURE,
HUMAN POPULATIONS
(INCLUDING SLAVES), COMMUNICAB
LE DISEASE, AND IDEAS BETWEEN
THE EASTERN AND
WESTERN HEMISPHERES (OLD
WORLD AND NEW WORLD).

3. New World native plants. Clockwise, from top
left: 1. Maize, 2. Tomato, 3. Potato, 4. Vanilla, 5.
Pará rubber tree, 6. Cacao, 7. Tobacco

4. Old World native plants. Clockwise, from top
left: 1. Citrus, 2. Apple, 3. Banana, 4.Mango,
5. Onion, 6.Coffee, 7. Wheat, 8.Rice

7. THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE
• REFERS TO THE TRADE IN SLAVES THAT TOOK PLACE
ACROSS THE ATLANTIC OCEAN FROM THE 16TH
THROUGH TO THE 19TH CENTURIES.
TRIANGLE OF TRADE IN THE ATLANTIC OCEAN

8. • THE VAST MAJORITY OF SLAVES INVOLVED IN THE ATLANTIC TRADE
WERE AFRICANS FROM THE CENTRAL AND WESTERN PARTS OF THE
CONTINENT, WHO WERE SOLD BY AFRICANS TO EUROPEAN SLAVE
TRADERS, WHO TRANSPORTED THEM ACROSS THE OCEAN TO THE
COLONIES IN NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA.
MAJOR SLAVE TRADING REGIONS OF
AFRICA, 15TH–19TH CENTURIES
SLAVE TRADERS IN GORÉE,
SENEGAL, 18TH CENTURY

9. DIAGRAM OF A SLAVE SHIP
FROM THE ATLANTIC SLAVE
TRADE. FROM AN
ABSTRACT OF EVIDENCE
DELIVERED BEFORE A
SELECT COMMITTEE OF
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS
IN 1790 AND 1791.

10. • SLAVES WERE FORCED TO LABOR ON COFFEE, TOBACCO,
COCOA, COTTON AND SUGAR PLANTATIONS, TOIL IN GOLD
AND SILVER MINES, IN RICE FIELDS, THE CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY, TIMBER FOR SHIPS, OR IN HOUSES TO WORK AS
SERVANTS.