This document provides an overview of the investment environment and business opportunities in Colombia. It summarizes Colombia's strong economic growth and macroeconomic stability, highlighting sectors such as infrastructure, agriculture, mining, and tourism as top opportunities for foreign investment. The document also outlines Colombia's open investment policies and improving competitiveness according to international rankings.
This document provides an overview of Cambodia's macroeconomics, politics, international trade, public finance, and central banking. It discusses Cambodia's GDP growth, demographics, labor force breakdown, political situation, GDP components, top import/export partners and products, government spending, fiscal policies, central bank history and functions, interest rates, and credit ratings. Key points include 7.2% GDP growth in 2013, a population of 14.15 million, agriculture as the largest employment sector, recent national elections, trade surplus with the US, budget allocation to social/defense sectors, and the central bank's role in monetary policy.
Brazil is a large South American country with over 200 million people who primarily speak Portuguese. The official name is the Federative Republic of Brazil and the currency is the Real. Brazil has a diverse population and culture that draws from European, African, and indigenous influences. It has a federal republic government system with a president as head of state. Brazil has a growing economy but also faces challenges in areas like education, health, and infrastructure.
1) Indonesia faced severe economic turmoil during the Asian Financial Crisis in 1998, with GDP declining by 13.31% that year. However, GDP growth recovered significantly to over 6% in 2010-2011 after the global financial crisis.
2) Consumption contributes the highest proportion to Indonesia's GDP, followed by exports. Investment and government spending contribute smaller and more variable proportions.
3) While inflation in Indonesia has historically been higher than in peer nations, it has shown a gradual declining trend in recent years as the government reduces fuel and electricity subsidies. Volatile food and administered fuel prices continue to pose challenges.
This is the vital assignment for IPE239 Comparative Political Systems, IPED Prpgram, Rangsit University. The course part aims at providing an introduction to the field of comparative politics. Various theoretical perspectives and basic concepts within the field are taken up. The political systems of a number of countries - in relation to formal political institutions and informal aspects of the political order - are presented, discussed and compared. Issues of identity as well as the position of nation states in a global context are also dealt with. The course part includes an introduction to comparative method and sources of knowledge about political systems.
Cambodia has a poor economy that was devastated by civil war and the Khmer Rouge regime. Agriculture, especially rice farming, dominates the economy and labor force. However, Cambodia remains one of the poorest nations in the world with a GDP of $7.3 billion in 2006 and per capita GDP of just $511.30. The Khmer Rouge regime from 1975 to 1979 collectivized agriculture and nationalized the economy, resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths from malnutrition, overwork, and mistreatment. After being overthrown in 1979, Cambodia slowly rebuilt its economy and achieved self-sufficiency in rice production by the mid-1990s, but still struggles with poverty, unemployment, and poor working conditions.
Structural change involves shifts in the composition and location of production and employment over time as an economy adjusts to changes in demand. In Australia, this has resulted in declining shares of agriculture, manufacturing, and mining in output and employment, while the services sector has grown significantly. The mining investment boom caused a temporary "two-speed" economy before Australia returned to a more balanced multi-speed economy as mining investment declined but was offset by growth in other areas like household spending, construction, and exports. Structural change stems from various domestic and international factors related to both markets and government policies.
Singapore's transformation into an economic powerhouse has attracted adulation from developed and developing economies alike. In this paper, I discuss policies that fuelled this growth, and also highlight some negative side-effects/criticisms.
Central America and the Caribbean
Central America was a cultural hearth due to the influence of the Mayan civilization, which spread throughout the region from its base on the Yucatan Peninsula. The Maya built many cities and temples, spreading their culture. When Mexico gained independence from Spain, it took over Central America before the region broke into separate countries after a civil war in the 1530s-1540s. The Caribbean culture has European, African, and native influences due to European colonization and the importation of African slaves to work on crops like sugar cane. Haiti gained independence in 1804 after a successful slave revolt. Cuba became independent from Spain after the Spanish-American War in 1898. The Panama Canal,
This document provides an overview of Cambodia's macroeconomics, politics, international trade, public finance, and central banking. It discusses Cambodia's GDP growth, demographics, labor force breakdown, political situation, GDP components, top import/export partners and products, government spending, fiscal policies, central bank history and functions, interest rates, and credit ratings. Key points include 7.2% GDP growth in 2013, a population of 14.15 million, agriculture as the largest employment sector, recent national elections, trade surplus with the US, budget allocation to social/defense sectors, and the central bank's role in monetary policy.
Brazil is a large South American country with over 200 million people who primarily speak Portuguese. The official name is the Federative Republic of Brazil and the currency is the Real. Brazil has a diverse population and culture that draws from European, African, and indigenous influences. It has a federal republic government system with a president as head of state. Brazil has a growing economy but also faces challenges in areas like education, health, and infrastructure.
1) Indonesia faced severe economic turmoil during the Asian Financial Crisis in 1998, with GDP declining by 13.31% that year. However, GDP growth recovered significantly to over 6% in 2010-2011 after the global financial crisis.
2) Consumption contributes the highest proportion to Indonesia's GDP, followed by exports. Investment and government spending contribute smaller and more variable proportions.
3) While inflation in Indonesia has historically been higher than in peer nations, it has shown a gradual declining trend in recent years as the government reduces fuel and electricity subsidies. Volatile food and administered fuel prices continue to pose challenges.
This is the vital assignment for IPE239 Comparative Political Systems, IPED Prpgram, Rangsit University. The course part aims at providing an introduction to the field of comparative politics. Various theoretical perspectives and basic concepts within the field are taken up. The political systems of a number of countries - in relation to formal political institutions and informal aspects of the political order - are presented, discussed and compared. Issues of identity as well as the position of nation states in a global context are also dealt with. The course part includes an introduction to comparative method and sources of knowledge about political systems.
Cambodia has a poor economy that was devastated by civil war and the Khmer Rouge regime. Agriculture, especially rice farming, dominates the economy and labor force. However, Cambodia remains one of the poorest nations in the world with a GDP of $7.3 billion in 2006 and per capita GDP of just $511.30. The Khmer Rouge regime from 1975 to 1979 collectivized agriculture and nationalized the economy, resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths from malnutrition, overwork, and mistreatment. After being overthrown in 1979, Cambodia slowly rebuilt its economy and achieved self-sufficiency in rice production by the mid-1990s, but still struggles with poverty, unemployment, and poor working conditions.
Structural change involves shifts in the composition and location of production and employment over time as an economy adjusts to changes in demand. In Australia, this has resulted in declining shares of agriculture, manufacturing, and mining in output and employment, while the services sector has grown significantly. The mining investment boom caused a temporary "two-speed" economy before Australia returned to a more balanced multi-speed economy as mining investment declined but was offset by growth in other areas like household spending, construction, and exports. Structural change stems from various domestic and international factors related to both markets and government policies.
Singapore's transformation into an economic powerhouse has attracted adulation from developed and developing economies alike. In this paper, I discuss policies that fuelled this growth, and also highlight some negative side-effects/criticisms.
Central America and the Caribbean
Central America was a cultural hearth due to the influence of the Mayan civilization, which spread throughout the region from its base on the Yucatan Peninsula. The Maya built many cities and temples, spreading their culture. When Mexico gained independence from Spain, it took over Central America before the region broke into separate countries after a civil war in the 1530s-1540s. The Caribbean culture has European, African, and native influences due to European colonization and the importation of African slaves to work on crops like sugar cane. Haiti gained independence in 1804 after a successful slave revolt. Cuba became independent from Spain after the Spanish-American War in 1898. The Panama Canal,
The document discusses Singapore's economic model and its relationship with Kazakhstan. It outlines the project goals of studying Singapore's economic success and relevance. It then discusses Singapore's political system dominated by the People's Action Party. It describes key aspects of Singapore's economic model including its role as a financial center and reliance on foreign investment. It also notes cooperation developing between Singapore and Kazakhstan in areas like trade, education and investment.
Prior to independence, Indonesia's economy focused on exporting raw materials to the Netherlands. It relied heavily on subsistence agriculture, especially rice production. After independence, economic mismanagement hurt growth initially. Later, under President Suharto, Indonesia prioritized economic development through five-year plans, attracting foreign investment and expanding trade. A financial crisis in 1997 caused economic contraction, but reforms since have supported recovery and ongoing economic shifts from agriculture to industry and manufacturing.
The Greek economy is rarely a few weeks or months away from another economic, financial or political crisis. Does Greece have a long-term future inside the Euro Zone? It is clear that, having enjoyed strong economic growth in the years following her accession to the European Union, Greece has struggled to emerge from deep economic problems in the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis. Greece is a small open economy, her GDP accounts for less than 0.25% of world output and Greece is a relatively small country within the Euro Zone. But her difficulties pose systemic risks for the currency union.
ASEAN Please like and share it as possible!! want some more ppts contact me @ puskarkandel2012@gmail.com for relevant purposes. BBA students specially :) please comment in the box for suggestions and feedbacks..
GLOBALISATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTviditgrover3
THIS IS PPT CONTAINS INDEPTH ABOUT GLOBALIATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.
HERE IS LINK FOR THE BESTT BOOK FOR ADVANCED
GLOBALISATION.
FOR US CITIZENS-
https://amzn.to/3BdHagh
FOR INDIAN CITIZENS-
https://amzn.to/34i2eGc
Japan has a highly developed market economy that is the 3rd largest in the world by GDP. It imports most of its energy and raw materials due to lack of natural resources. The economy is led by industries like engineering and R&D. Household consumption and government spending each make up over half of GDP, with services being the largest economic sector. While the economy experienced slow growth in recent decades, factors like technological adaptation and corporate loyalty helped fuel growth periods in the past.
Poverty has been assigned as the number one problem for development of Bangladesh.
Though the country is making significant progress in the socio-economic field, poverty reduction is rather slow. This is mainly because of its high population size of 130 million (population census-2001) in an area of 1,41,000 sq. km. with a population density 840 per sq. km.
Every year, about 2 million population are adding to its population size. Country’s resources are struggling to support such increasing population.
Most African nations face economic, health, political and educational problems despite the continent's natural wealth. Over 300 million people live on less $1 per day and lack clean water and healthcare. Poverty stems from colonial exploitation of resources and people, which disrupted cultures and economies. European colonizers ignored ethnic groups, sowing tensions that fueled post-independence conflicts like the Rwandan genocide, where Hutus killed 800,000-1 million Tutsis over three months in 1994.
North Korea has been divided since the end of World War 2, with the northern half occupied by the Soviet Union and later becoming the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The country established a totalitarian dictatorship under Kim Il-sung and his family. It has pursued nuclear weapons and long-range missile programs while its population suffers from poverty and famine. North Korea continues to have tensions with South Korea and the United States due to its military provocations and human rights abuses.
Indonesia is home to the world's smallest fish and the rare Komodo dragon. It is also a major producer of cloves, nutmeg, and plywood, and the largest global supplier of liquid natural gas, producing 20% of the world's supply. The capital and largest city of Indonesia is Jakarta, and the official language is Indonesian. The dominant religions are Islam, Protestantism, Catholicism, Hinduism, and Buddhism. The government is a unitary presidential constitutional republic led by President Joko Widodo.
Analyze the impact of Financial Crisis on Sri Lankan EconomyNuwanTharuka1
What is financial crisis
The nature and types of financial crisis
Examples of financial crisis which had an impact on Sri Lankan economy
Impact or consequences of financial crisis
Strategies to overcome financial crisis
Bangladesh is located in South Asia with a population of over 16 million people. The majority of people are Bengali and practice Islam. The country has a tropical climate with heavy seasonal rainfall. Bangladesh has a parliamentary democracy and its economy relies heavily on agriculture, especially rice production. The culture of Bangladesh has been influenced by both Hindu and Muslim traditions over time and is expressed through various festivals, music, art, literature and cuisine.
The document discusses several challenges facing Bangladesh, including poverty, education, corruption, unemployment, infrastructure, climate change, and political unrest. It provides details on the high levels of poverty in Bangladesh, with around 31% of the rural population living in poverty. Education faces issues like insufficient schools and teachers, lack of funding, and high dropout rates. Corruption is prevalent throughout the government and private sector. Unemployment remains a major problem due to lack of job opportunities. Infrastructure requires improvements to areas like transportation and communications. Climate change is exacerbating environmental challenges such as floods and cyclones. Political unrest also remains an ongoing concern.
Cuba is an archipelago located in the Caribbean Sea at the entrance to the Gulf of Mexico, composed of the main island of Cuba, the Isle of Youth, and over 4,000 cays and islets, covering a total area of around 111,000 square kilometers. Cuba has a tropical climate with warm weather year-round and an average annual temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Cuba was first encountered by Christopher Columbus in 1492 and gained independence from Spain in the late 19th century after several wars, with its population emerging from a mix of indigenous, Spanish, African, and Chinese peoples. As of 2009, Cuba's population was around 11.2 million inhabitants and its official currency is the Cuban peso.
The presentation discusses the industrial sector of Bangladesh. It covers various topics including the importance of industry, major industries in Bangladesh, subsectors of industry, reasons for industrial backwardness, and measures to promote industrial development. Small and cottage industries are highlighted as important for solving unemployment, using local resources, and promoting balanced economic growth. Challenges facing cottage industries and potential solutions are also outlined. Key terms related to national income such as GDP, GNP, and NNP are defined.
Brazil is located in eastern South America and is the largest country on the continent. It has a population of over 200 million people and its capital and largest city is Brasilia. The official language is Portuguese. Brazil has a diverse culture influenced by indigenous, European, and African peoples and is known for its festivals like Rio Carnival. The economy is large and tourism is a major industry, with Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo being top destinations. Brazil has a varied climate and terrain that features the Amazon rainforest.
The United States has the largest national economy in the world, representing over 20% of global GDP. It has a diverse economy with strong sectors in manufacturing, services, technology, and energy production. However, declining wages, high military spending, and growing government debt pose challenges to maintaining economic strength.
Colombia is a country located in South America with capital city Bogota. It is bordered by Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and has coastlines on the Pacific Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Atlantic Ocean. Colombia is divided into 6 regions and is known for its tourism destinations like Santa Marta, Cartagena, Barranquilla and Isla de San Andres y Providencia. Popular music genres include vallenato, cumbia, and joropo while iconic foods vary by region like ajiaco in Bogota and sancocho on the Caribbean coast. Key exports include coffee, coal, flowers, gold, emeralds, and petroleum.
Colombia has a dynamic and stable economy that is growing at a steady pace. It has a large and growing middle class, a diverse range of investment opportunities across many sectors, and a strategic location that allows it to access markets throughout Latin America and beyond through its network of trade agreements. Colombia offers low barriers to foreign direct investment, a supportive legal framework, and a pool of qualified local suppliers.
The document discusses Singapore's economic model and its relationship with Kazakhstan. It outlines the project goals of studying Singapore's economic success and relevance. It then discusses Singapore's political system dominated by the People's Action Party. It describes key aspects of Singapore's economic model including its role as a financial center and reliance on foreign investment. It also notes cooperation developing between Singapore and Kazakhstan in areas like trade, education and investment.
Prior to independence, Indonesia's economy focused on exporting raw materials to the Netherlands. It relied heavily on subsistence agriculture, especially rice production. After independence, economic mismanagement hurt growth initially. Later, under President Suharto, Indonesia prioritized economic development through five-year plans, attracting foreign investment and expanding trade. A financial crisis in 1997 caused economic contraction, but reforms since have supported recovery and ongoing economic shifts from agriculture to industry and manufacturing.
The Greek economy is rarely a few weeks or months away from another economic, financial or political crisis. Does Greece have a long-term future inside the Euro Zone? It is clear that, having enjoyed strong economic growth in the years following her accession to the European Union, Greece has struggled to emerge from deep economic problems in the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis. Greece is a small open economy, her GDP accounts for less than 0.25% of world output and Greece is a relatively small country within the Euro Zone. But her difficulties pose systemic risks for the currency union.
ASEAN Please like and share it as possible!! want some more ppts contact me @ puskarkandel2012@gmail.com for relevant purposes. BBA students specially :) please comment in the box for suggestions and feedbacks..
GLOBALISATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTviditgrover3
THIS IS PPT CONTAINS INDEPTH ABOUT GLOBALIATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.
HERE IS LINK FOR THE BESTT BOOK FOR ADVANCED
GLOBALISATION.
FOR US CITIZENS-
https://amzn.to/3BdHagh
FOR INDIAN CITIZENS-
https://amzn.to/34i2eGc
Japan has a highly developed market economy that is the 3rd largest in the world by GDP. It imports most of its energy and raw materials due to lack of natural resources. The economy is led by industries like engineering and R&D. Household consumption and government spending each make up over half of GDP, with services being the largest economic sector. While the economy experienced slow growth in recent decades, factors like technological adaptation and corporate loyalty helped fuel growth periods in the past.
Poverty has been assigned as the number one problem for development of Bangladesh.
Though the country is making significant progress in the socio-economic field, poverty reduction is rather slow. This is mainly because of its high population size of 130 million (population census-2001) in an area of 1,41,000 sq. km. with a population density 840 per sq. km.
Every year, about 2 million population are adding to its population size. Country’s resources are struggling to support such increasing population.
Most African nations face economic, health, political and educational problems despite the continent's natural wealth. Over 300 million people live on less $1 per day and lack clean water and healthcare. Poverty stems from colonial exploitation of resources and people, which disrupted cultures and economies. European colonizers ignored ethnic groups, sowing tensions that fueled post-independence conflicts like the Rwandan genocide, where Hutus killed 800,000-1 million Tutsis over three months in 1994.
North Korea has been divided since the end of World War 2, with the northern half occupied by the Soviet Union and later becoming the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. The country established a totalitarian dictatorship under Kim Il-sung and his family. It has pursued nuclear weapons and long-range missile programs while its population suffers from poverty and famine. North Korea continues to have tensions with South Korea and the United States due to its military provocations and human rights abuses.
Indonesia is home to the world's smallest fish and the rare Komodo dragon. It is also a major producer of cloves, nutmeg, and plywood, and the largest global supplier of liquid natural gas, producing 20% of the world's supply. The capital and largest city of Indonesia is Jakarta, and the official language is Indonesian. The dominant religions are Islam, Protestantism, Catholicism, Hinduism, and Buddhism. The government is a unitary presidential constitutional republic led by President Joko Widodo.
Analyze the impact of Financial Crisis on Sri Lankan EconomyNuwanTharuka1
What is financial crisis
The nature and types of financial crisis
Examples of financial crisis which had an impact on Sri Lankan economy
Impact or consequences of financial crisis
Strategies to overcome financial crisis
Bangladesh is located in South Asia with a population of over 16 million people. The majority of people are Bengali and practice Islam. The country has a tropical climate with heavy seasonal rainfall. Bangladesh has a parliamentary democracy and its economy relies heavily on agriculture, especially rice production. The culture of Bangladesh has been influenced by both Hindu and Muslim traditions over time and is expressed through various festivals, music, art, literature and cuisine.
The document discusses several challenges facing Bangladesh, including poverty, education, corruption, unemployment, infrastructure, climate change, and political unrest. It provides details on the high levels of poverty in Bangladesh, with around 31% of the rural population living in poverty. Education faces issues like insufficient schools and teachers, lack of funding, and high dropout rates. Corruption is prevalent throughout the government and private sector. Unemployment remains a major problem due to lack of job opportunities. Infrastructure requires improvements to areas like transportation and communications. Climate change is exacerbating environmental challenges such as floods and cyclones. Political unrest also remains an ongoing concern.
Cuba is an archipelago located in the Caribbean Sea at the entrance to the Gulf of Mexico, composed of the main island of Cuba, the Isle of Youth, and over 4,000 cays and islets, covering a total area of around 111,000 square kilometers. Cuba has a tropical climate with warm weather year-round and an average annual temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Cuba was first encountered by Christopher Columbus in 1492 and gained independence from Spain in the late 19th century after several wars, with its population emerging from a mix of indigenous, Spanish, African, and Chinese peoples. As of 2009, Cuba's population was around 11.2 million inhabitants and its official currency is the Cuban peso.
The presentation discusses the industrial sector of Bangladesh. It covers various topics including the importance of industry, major industries in Bangladesh, subsectors of industry, reasons for industrial backwardness, and measures to promote industrial development. Small and cottage industries are highlighted as important for solving unemployment, using local resources, and promoting balanced economic growth. Challenges facing cottage industries and potential solutions are also outlined. Key terms related to national income such as GDP, GNP, and NNP are defined.
Brazil is located in eastern South America and is the largest country on the continent. It has a population of over 200 million people and its capital and largest city is Brasilia. The official language is Portuguese. Brazil has a diverse culture influenced by indigenous, European, and African peoples and is known for its festivals like Rio Carnival. The economy is large and tourism is a major industry, with Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo being top destinations. Brazil has a varied climate and terrain that features the Amazon rainforest.
The United States has the largest national economy in the world, representing over 20% of global GDP. It has a diverse economy with strong sectors in manufacturing, services, technology, and energy production. However, declining wages, high military spending, and growing government debt pose challenges to maintaining economic strength.
Colombia is a country located in South America with capital city Bogota. It is bordered by Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and has coastlines on the Pacific Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Atlantic Ocean. Colombia is divided into 6 regions and is known for its tourism destinations like Santa Marta, Cartagena, Barranquilla and Isla de San Andres y Providencia. Popular music genres include vallenato, cumbia, and joropo while iconic foods vary by region like ajiaco in Bogota and sancocho on the Caribbean coast. Key exports include coffee, coal, flowers, gold, emeralds, and petroleum.
Colombia has a dynamic and stable economy that is growing at a steady pace. It has a large and growing middle class, a diverse range of investment opportunities across many sectors, and a strategic location that allows it to access markets throughout Latin America and beyond through its network of trade agreements. Colombia offers low barriers to foreign direct investment, a supportive legal framework, and a pool of qualified local suppliers.
The document provides information about Colombia, including its capital (Bogota), language (Spanish), climate zones, peoples, customs, arts, geography, history, and a short story by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. It covers Colombia's varied landscapes and climates, cultural aspects like costumes, festivals and traditions. It also summarizes Colombia's political system, religions, neighbors, tourist destinations, and history from pre-colonial times to the present.
People in Colombia are generally relaxed and friendly, though residents of coastal cities tend to be more laid back than those in the capital. Punctuality should not be expected, but Colombians feel enthusiastic about business opportunities, though they may not immediately decide to buy. Phone calls are preferred over email for communication. Religion is an important part of Colombian culture, and soccer, music, coffee, women, cities, and food are also significant aspects of national pride. Personal appearance and close contact are valued in interactions, and it is best to accept drinks offered, ask personal questions, and greet with hugs or a kiss on the cheek for women.
This document provides information about various holidays celebrated in the United States and Colombia. It discusses national holidays like Independence Day, Memorial Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas. It also describes cultural holidays like St. Patrick's Day, Mother's Day, Father's Day and Columbus Day. The document compares how some holidays like Easter, Mother's Day and Pascua are celebrated differently in the two countries. It provides details on the origins and traditions associated with major American holidays.
El documento presenta a Colombia como un destino atractivo para la inversión extranjera, con un sistema económico estable y dinámico, múltiples oportunidades de inversión en diversos sectores, y acceso preferencial a mercados a través de 10 acuerdos comerciales. Resalta el crecimiento económico sostenido de Colombia, su clase media en expansión, y las calificaciones crediticias favorables del país.
G.E.T. Global Constructions - Pereira, Colombia - Thomas ZillyErin Donaldson
Pereira, Colombia. Specialist in ecologically conscious sustainable architecture. G.E.T. Global Constructions is a local business with an international portfolio of projects which range from earthquake proof houses to schools and industrial buildings.
Filandia Colombia Visitors Guide will give you a basic photo-rich introduction to a small town near to Pereira, Colombia. A great way to discover the Coffee Region and a fun day-trip. Finlandia is similar to Salento, but typically smaller crowds and still up-and-coming as a tourist destination. For more information: pereiracityguide@gmail.com
- Colombia has a dynamic and stable economy that is the 31st largest in the world and 4th largest in Latin America. It has seen strong and consistent GDP growth in recent years.
- The country has a growing middle class, reducing poverty, and a highly qualified workforce. It also has a strategic location that allows easy access to markets throughout North and South America.
- Colombia offers a variety of investment opportunities across multiple industries and regions. It has over 10 trade agreements providing access to international markets and is pursuing OECD membership to further open its economy.
Colombian culture is reflected in its pre-Colombian art dating back to 5490 BC including pottery, goldwork, and stone sculptures. During colonial times, most paintings focused on Catholic Church themes. Famous Colombian artist Fernando Botero is known for his paintings and sculptures, including a series in 2005 criticizing abuses in Iraq. Women in Colombia face gender discrimination and economic instability as housekeeping and child-rearing is primarily their role while machoism is prevalent, sometimes forcing single mothers and daughters into prostitution. Cumbia is Colombia's national music, a mixture of Spanish and African influences, which became popular internationally along with Latin and salsa music in the 19th century.
This document provides an overview of investment opportunities and the business environment in Colombia. Some key points:
- Proexport is the government agency that promotes foreign investment, exports, and tourism in Colombia.
- Colombia has a young and growing population, as well as access to both the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
- The economy has grown steadily in recent years with inflation and unemployment decreasing. Foreign direct investment has also increased significantly.
- Infrastructure and access to markets have improved, with many international flights available.
This document summarizes investment opportunities in Colombia. It notes that Colombia has a dynamic and stable economy with a growing middle class, creating demand. It also has a pool of qualified Colombian companies and partners for international investors. There are diverse investment opportunities across many sectors. Colombia offers access to regional markets through its 10 trade agreements and strategic location. It has low barriers to foreign direct investment.
El potencial económico de una Colombia en PazProColombia
Una Colombia en paz atraerá más inversiones extranjeras y aumentará las exportaciones, el turismo y el crecimiento económico general. Los estudios muestran que países que lograron la paz experimentaron aumentos significativos en la inversión, el comercio, el PIB y otros indicadores económicos. Una Colombia pacífica tendría un mayor potencial para reducir la pobreza y mejorar el nivel de vida de sus ciudadanos.
Colombia is positioning itself as one of the most dynamic destinations in Latin America with strong economic growth and macroeconomic stability. The document highlights that Colombia has achieved positive results in key economic indicators like foreign investment, inflation, fiscal situation, and declining unemployment. It is also noted as one of the most business friendly countries in Latin America according to the World Bank, with strong protections for investors. The document promotes Colombia as a safe, strategic and profitable location for foreign companies and investors.
O documento descreve a história da Colômbia e do Canal do Panamá, incluindo a independência do Panamá da Colômbia em 1903 com apoio dos EUA. Também discute os grupos rebeldes FARC na Colômbia e o conflito entre a Colômbia e o Equador em 2008 devido a uma incursão militar colombiana no território equatoriano.
Colombia y Costa Rica aliados estratégicos en los negociosProColombia
Este documento proporciona información sobre Costa Rica y las oportunidades de negocio entre Colombia y Costa Rica luego de la entrada en vigencia del Tratado de Libre Comercio. Algunos de los principales productos colombianos que se beneficiarán con aranceles cero son prendas de vestir, textiles, productos farmacéuticos, plásticos y confecciones. El tratado también promoverá el comercio de bienes agrícolas e industriales entre los dos países.
Nueva Reglamentación de FSMA para la exportación de alimentos a Estados UnidosProColombia
Este documento describe la Ley de Modernización de la Inocuidad Alimentaria (FSMA) de Estados Unidos y los retos de su implementación. La FSMA incluye 7 nuevos reglamentos enfocados en la prevención y reacción ante problemas de inocuidad alimentaria. Algunos reglamentos cubren controles preventivos para alimentos humanos y de consumo animal, verificación de proveedores extranjeros, y acreditación de terceros. La implementación de FSMA representa retos debido a los cambios requeridos en sistemas como HACCP, document
Lanzamiento Manual Empaque y Embalaje para ExportaciónProColombia
Este documento presenta una introducción general al packaging, incluyendo sus funciones técnicas y comerciales, así como consideraciones de sostenibilidad. Explica conceptos clave como envase primario, secundario y terciario, y factores que influyen en el mercado mundial de envases como tendencias demográficas, tecnológicas y ambientales. También cubre temas como interacción de envases con productos, costos de sistemas de envases, y consideraciones medioambientales de diferentes materiales.
This document provides an overview of Colombia's investment environment and business opportunities. Some key points:
- Colombia has experienced strong and stable economic growth in recent years, with GDP growth averaging over 4% from 2010-2014. Inflation has been declining for over two decades.
- Major sectors attracting foreign investment include infrastructure, agriculture, oil/gas, manufacturing, tourism, and BPO/IT services. Bogota, Medellin and other cities provide investment opportunities across various industries.
- Colombia has pursued open trade and investment policies, with foreign direct investment inflows rising steadily in recent years to over $16 billion in 2014, increasingly in non-extractive sectors. The country aims to join the OECD
The document provides an overview of Colombia's investment environment and business opportunities. Some key points:
- Colombia has a growing economy, reducing poverty and expanding middle class. GDP growth was 5.8% from 2010-2014, second highest in Latin America.
- Major sectors for investment include infrastructure, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, tourism and BPO. The country has free trade agreements with over 60 countries.
- Colombia has a low level of restrictions on foreign investment and has undertaken reforms to improve its business environment, being ranked among the top 20 destinations for foreign direct investment.
Colombia promotes exports, tourism, investment and industrial expansion through PROCOLOMBIA. It has 25 regional offices and a presence in 30 countries worldwide. Colombia has a young population and is the only South American country with access to both the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. It has experienced strong economic growth in recent years, low inflation, and increasing foreign direct investment. Colombia also has a growing middle class and its per capita income has nearly doubled since 2000 due to high investment rates.
Colombia provides a competitive investment environment and business opportunities for foreign investors. It has experienced strong and stable economic growth in recent years, with GDP growth above 4% annually from 2013-2014. Colombia also has low inflation, controlled debt levels, and investment grade credit ratings. The country aims to further improve its business climate by pursuing OECD membership and implementing recommended reforms. Colombia has seen rising foreign direct investment inflows in recent years, reaching a record high in 2014 outside of the oil and mining sectors.
This document provides an overview of PROCOLOMBIA, the government agency that promotes exports, tourism, investment and industrial expansion in Colombia. It discusses PROCOLOMBIA's presence in Colombia and around the world. It also summarizes key facts about Colombia's investment environment, economic growth, macroeconomic stability, expanding middle class, competitive advantages, and rankings as one of the top destinations for foreign direct investment in the world.
This document provides an overview of investment opportunities in Colombia. It discusses Colombia's general economic context, growth rates, and sectors with opportunities like agriculture, mining, infrastructure, and manufacturing. Key statistics on GDP, population, trade, investment, and economic rankings are presented. The tax system and business environment are outlined. Colombia has free trade agreements, political stability, a strategic location, and growing internal demand, making it an attractive destination for investment.
This document summarizes Colombia's investment environment and business opportunities. Key points include:
- Colombia has a dynamic and stable economy, with growing middle class driving demand. It offers diverse investment opportunities across many sectors.
- The country has trade agreements with over 10 partners, enabling access to third markets. Its strategic location also facilitates regional business.
- Colombia has a growing pool of qualified local companies that can partner with international investors. It has low barriers to foreign direct investment.
This document provides an overview of investment opportunities in Colombia. It highlights Colombia's dynamic and stable economy, growing middle class, and diverse investment opportunities across multiple sectors. Colombia offers a strategic location in Latin America, a network of trade agreements, infrastructure development programs, and a business-friendly environment. The energy and infrastructure sectors are identified as areas of particular opportunity, with several examples of major international companies that have invested in these industries in Colombia.
Colombia, key destination for new businessesprospectappt
Market research article that analyzes the opportunities for Foreign Direct Investment in Colombia. This article was written by Prospecta, a consultancy firm specialized in strategy, corporate governance and market entry based in Bogotá, Colombia
Colombia presents itself as an attractive investment destination with a dynamic and stable economy, a growing middle class, and diverse opportunities across many sectors. It has a trade platform with over 10 trade agreements and is strategically located for business in Latin America. Key strengths include consistent GDP growth, low inflation, a favorable regulatory environment, and major infrastructure investments. Multinational corporations are increasingly choosing Colombia for investment projects.
Colombia offers diverse investment opportunities across many growing sectors like infrastructure, with billions being invested in roads, airports, ports, railways, and energy. The economy has seen strong and stable growth in recent years, with falling poverty and a growing middle class. Colombia has pursued trade agreements and regulatory reforms to improve its business environment and attract foreign investment, which has increased substantially. The country is well positioned geographically and economically within Latin America and as a gateway to the Pacific Alliance market.
Colombia offers a dynamic and stable economy with a growing middle class market. It has over 16 trade agreements allowing access to third markets. GDP is projected to grow 3.5% in 2019, faster than most Latin American countries. Unemployment has remained below 10% since 2013 and inflation is expected to remain between 2-4% target. Colombia ranks highly in Latin America for ease of doing business and protecting investors. Investment as a percentage of GDP is over 20% and expected to increase in 2019-2020.
The document summarizes Colombia as an emerging market that offers opportunities for international investors. It highlights Colombia's economic growth rates, political stability, trade agreements, and improving security situation which have led organizations like HSBC and the World Bank to identify Colombia as one of the most promising emerging markets. The document also provides statistics showing Colombia's growing GDP, exports, tourism, foreign investment inflows and macroeconomic indicators.
The document summarizes Colombia as an emerging market that offers opportunities for international investors. It highlights Colombia's economic growth rates, political stability, trade agreements, and improving security situation which have led organizations like HSBC and the World Bank to identify Colombia as one of the most promising emerging markets. The document also provides statistics showing Colombia's growing GDP, exports, tourism, foreign investment inflows and macroeconomic indicators.
Colombia has experienced strong economic growth in recent years, with GDP growth over 4% annually from 2012-2013. Foreign direct investment in Colombia has also reached record levels, with FDI of US$16.3 billion in 2013. The country's stable macroeconomic environment, young population, and strategic free trade agreements contributing to access of major markets have supported its economic expansion and increasing competitiveness.
This presentation shows some of the most important positive changes that the Colombian economy has undergone, and it shows investors the ease of doing businesses in Colombia.
This document provides an overview of Colombia's investment environment and business opportunities. It discusses PROCOLOMBIA, the government agency that promotes exports, tourism, investment and industrial expansion. It highlights Colombia's strong economic growth rates, macroeconomic stability, expanding middle class, competitive costs, and free trade agreements. The document also summarizes Colombia's improving investment climate as evidenced by credit rating upgrades and high rankings on ease of doing business. Recent foreign direct investment trends and examples of multinational companies investing in Colombia are also presented.
8 Inversiones para el desarrollo sostenible (1).pdfProColombia
El documento describe varios casos de inversiones sostenibles realizadas por empresas en Colombia, incluyendo Baxter en Cali, Grupo UMA en Pereira, y Colhilados en Antioquia. También describe una inversión de la empresa noruega NORFUND en ERCO Energía de Medellín para apoyar proyectos de energía renovable. Las inversiones apoyan la creación de empleos, producción local, eficiencia energética, y transición a energías limpias.
Las regiones de Colombia están implementando iniciativas innovadoras para atraer inversiones como estrategias de coworking exclusivo para empresas multinacionales en Orinoquia, uso de redes sociales como LinkedIn para promover oportunidades en el Valle del Cauca, y programas de capacitación en inglés para jóvenes en Cartagena para fortalecer las habilidades requeridas por inversionistas. Medellín también ha creado una herramienta de datos económicos llamada DaTACI para apoyar la toma de decisiones de inversionistas.
6 Territorios como destino de inversión (1).pdfProColombia
El Ministerio de Comercio, Industria y Turismo y ProColombia están impulsando a los territorios de Colombia como destinos de inversión a través de varias iniciativas: 1) Crearon un manual para ayudar a las regiones a atraer inversión extranjera, 2) Ofrecen un curso virtual gratuito para enseñar a los emprendedores a estructurar proyectos que puedan financiarse con inversión extranjera, y 3) Organizarán en 2023 el Colombia Investment Summit - Roadtrip, un evento que promoverá oportun
La estrategia de ProColombia para atraer inversiones extranjeras se enfoca en tres pilares: contribuir a la reindustrialización de Colombia a través de inversiones en sectores como salud, soberanía alimentaria y energía; atraer inversiones a las regiones de Colombia para cerrar brechas de desarrollo; y atraer inversiones que promuevan la transferencia de conocimiento e innovación. Esta estrategia se implementa a través de seis acciones como la promoción proactiva de proyectos de inversión en sectores priorizados, la atracción de fond
Los flujos globales de inversión disminuyeron un 12% en 2022 a 1,3 billones de dólares, aunque las inversiones en países en desarrollo crecieron un 4%. En América Latina y el Caribe, la inversión extranjera directa aumentó un 55,2% en 2022, alcanzando un máximo histórico de $224.579 millones. Dentro de la región, el 54% de la inversión fue al sector de servicios, aunque también aumentaron las manufacturas y los recursos naturales.
3 Política de Reindustrialización (2).pdfProColombia
La política de reindustrialización de Colombia establece diversos puntos para que los territorios atraigan inversión extranjera directa y fomenten un crecimiento sostenible, incluyendo la transición energética, el desarrollo de infraestructura, el aprovechamiento de recursos de manera sostenible, el fortalecimiento de la fuerza laboral y la creación de clústeres regionales.
El Plan Nacional de Desarrollo de Colombia establece cinco ejes para convertir al país en líder mundial en temas relacionados con la vida y la naturaleza. Uno de los ejes se enfoca en la transformación productiva y la vinculación de las regiones en cadenas de valor a través de programas como Encadenamientos Productivos y Diversificación de Actividades Productivas para aprovechar ventajas competitivas regionales. Otro programa busca impulsar la industria digital para generar empleo e ingresos regionales mediante contenidos digitales, software y emp
El Plan Nacional de Desarrollo de Colombia establece cinco ejes para convertir al país en líder mundial en temas relacionados con la vida y la naturaleza. Uno de los ejes se enfoca en la transformación productiva y la vinculación de las regiones en cadenas de valor a través de programas como Encadenamientos Productivos y Paz Total, que impulsan proyectos de desarrollo regional. Otro eje busca impulsar la industria digital, las fábricas de productividad y la economía popular para generar empleo e ingres
Este boletín presenta la estrategia de ProColombia para atraer inversión a las regiones de Colombia, incluyendo iniciativas como la estrategia de inversión sostenible, la estrategia de friendshoring, y la Ventanilla Única de Inversión. También discute los incentivos disponibles para inversionistas y sectores con potencial como energías renovables, agricultura ecológica y movilidad eléctrica. El objetivo es promover el desarrollo regional a través de la inversión extranjera.
Bodas Multiculturales y la oportunidad para Colombia.pdfProColombia
El documento describe las bodas multiculturales y cómo estas representan una gran oportunidad para Colombia en términos de turismo, promoción de la diversidad cultural, desarrollo de la industria de servicios, intercambio cultural y promoción del patrimonio local. Las bodas multiculturales atraen turismo internacional, resaltan la riqueza cultural de Colombia, crean empleos en servicios especializados, fomentan el entendimiento intercultural y destacan las tradiciones locales.
El documento describe el marco regulatorio de los productos de cannabis en Australia. Se explica que existen varias autoridades involucradas como el Departamento de Salud y la Administración de Bienes Terapéuticos. Los productos se clasifican en cuatro categorías dependiendo de su contenido de THC/CBD y uso: Catálogo 3 (farmacias sin receta), Catálogo 4 (receta médica), Catálogo 8 (drogas controladas con receta) y Catálogo 9 (sustancias prohibidas). Se requieren licencias para el cultivo y producción de cannabis
El documento resume el marco regulatorio de los productos de cannabis en Australia. Existen varias autoridades involucradas como el Departamento de Salud, la Oficina para el Control de Drogas y la Administración de Bienes Terapéuticos. Los productos se clasifican en cuatro categorías dependiendo de su contenido de THC/CBD y uso: Catálogo 3 (farmacias sin receta), Catálogo 4 (receta médica), Catálogo 8 (drogas controladas con receta) y Catálogo 9 (prohibidas). Se requieren licencias y permisos
El documento describe la cadena de valor de las bodas de destino, incluyendo etapas como la planificación, alojamiento, diseño y coordinación del evento. Explica que las bodas de destino generan beneficios económicos para las comunidades locales a través de ingresos, empleos e impulsos al turismo. También promueven la cultura local y requieren una gestión sostenible y responsable de los recursos. Diversos actores como organizadores, destinos, parejas y proveedores desempeñan roles en crear experiencias de bodas exit
El documento describe las tendencias actuales en las bodas de destino. Antes, las bodas de destino eran más sencillas y tradicionales, pero ahora ofrecen experiencias más completas durante varios días. Algunas tendencias clave incluyen bodas más sustentables e íntimas, así como eventos más grandes con entretenimiento y tecnología. También hay una mayor personalización a través de shows, fotos y elementos instagrameables.
El documento resume la 13a edición del Congreso de Bodas LAT que se llevará a cabo del 8 al 11 de octubre de 2023 en Riviera Maya, México. El congreso ofrecerá sesiones educativas, talleres y eventos de networking para profesionales de la industria de bodas. Además, se promocionan paquetes de hospedaje y registro que incluyen acceso al congreso y actividades adicionales.
Este documento ofrece información sobre cómo los profesionales del turismo de bodas pueden promocionarse internacionalmente. Explica que la asociación IADWP brinda educación y certificaciones en la industria de bodas de destino. También define qué son las bodas de destino y analiza las características de las parejas que eligen este tipo de bodas. Finalmente, proporciona consejos de marketing para atraer a parejas interesadas en bodas de destino.
El documento resume la 13a edición del Congreso de Bodas LAT que se llevará a cabo del 8 al 11 de octubre de 2023 en Riviera Maya, México. El congreso ofrecerá sesiones educativas, talleres y eventos de networking para profesionales de la industria de bodas. Además, se promocionan paquetes de hospedaje y registro que incluyen acceso al congreso y actividades adicionales.
Bodas Multiculturales y la oportunidad para Colombia.pdfProColombia
El documento describe las bodas multiculturales y cómo estas representan una gran oportunidad para Colombia en términos de turismo, promoción de la diversidad cultural, desarrollo de la industria de servicios, intercambio cultural y promoción del patrimonio local. Las bodas multiculturales atraen turismo internacional, resaltan la riqueza cultural de Colombia, crean empleos en servicios especializados, fomentan el entendimiento intercultural y destacan las tradiciones locales.
La cadena de valor de las bodas de destino y el impacto social en las comunid...ProColombia
El documento describe la cadena de valor de las bodas de destino, incluyendo etapas como la planificación, alojamiento, diseño y coordinación del evento. Explica que las bodas de destino generan beneficios económicos para las comunidades locales a través de ingresos, empleos e impulsos al turismo. También promueven la cultura local y requieren una gestión sostenible y responsable de los recursos. Diversos actores como organizadores, destinos, parejas y proveedores desempeñan roles en crear experiencias de bodas exit
Diseño de la experiencia en una boda destino.pdfProColombia
El documento describe los factores clave a considerar al elegir un destino para una boda, incluyendo el ambiente, las emociones de viaje, las actividades para invitados, y los servicios disponibles. También enfatiza la importancia de comunicarse claramente con los invitados sobre los detalles del evento para establecer expectativas y asegurar una experiencia positiva para todos.
Confirmation of Payee (CoP) is a vital security measure adopted by financial institutions and payment service providers. Its core purpose is to confirm that the recipient’s name matches the information provided by the sender during a banking transaction, ensuring that funds are transferred to the correct payment account.
Confirmation of Payee was built to tackle the increasing numbers of APP Fraud and in the landscape of UK banking, the spectre of APP fraud looms large. In 2022, over £1.2 billion was stolen by fraudsters through authorised and unauthorised fraud, equivalent to more than £2,300 every minute. This statistic emphasises the urgent need for robust security measures like CoP. While over £1.2 billion was stolen through fraud in 2022, there was an eight per cent reduction compared to 2021 which highlights the positive outcomes obtained from the implementation of Confirmation of Payee. The number of fraud cases across the UK also decreased by four per cent to nearly three million cases during the same period; latest statistics from UK Finance.
In essence, Confirmation of Payee plays a pivotal role in digital banking, guaranteeing the flawless execution of banking transactions. It stands as a guardian against fraud and misallocation, demonstrating the commitment of financial institutions to safeguard their clients’ assets. The next time you engage in a banking transaction, remember the invaluable role of CoP in ensuring the security of your financial interests.
For more details, you can visit https://technoxander.com.
TEST BANK Principles of cost accounting 17th edition edward j vanderbeck mari...Donc Test
TEST BANK Principles of cost accounting 17th edition edward j vanderbeck maria r mitchell.docx
TEST BANK Principles of cost accounting 17th edition edward j vanderbeck maria r mitchell.docx
TEST BANK Principles of cost accounting 17th edition edward j vanderbeck maria r mitchell.docx
Dr. Alyce Su Cover Story - China's Investment Leadermsthrill
In World Expo 2010 Shanghai – the most visited Expo in the World History
https://www.britannica.com/event/Expo-Shanghai-2010
China’s official organizer of the Expo, CCPIT (China Council for the Promotion of International Trade https://en.ccpit.org/) has chosen Dr. Alyce Su as the Cover Person with Cover Story, in the Expo’s official magazine distributed throughout the Expo, showcasing China’s New Generation of Leaders to the World.
Discover the Future of Dogecoin with Our Comprehensive Guidance36 Crypto
Learn in-depth about Dogecoin's trajectory and stay informed with 36crypto's essential and up-to-date information about the crypto space.
Our presentation delves into Dogecoin's potential future, exploring whether it's destined to skyrocket to the moon or face a downward spiral. In addition, it highlights invaluable insights. Don't miss out on this opportunity to enhance your crypto understanding!
https://36crypto.com/the-future-of-dogecoin-how-high-can-this-cryptocurrency-reach/
Vicinity Jobs’ data includes more than three million 2023 OJPs and thousands of skills. Most skills appear in less than 0.02% of job postings, so most postings rely on a small subset of commonly used terms, like teamwork.
Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.
In a tight labour market, job-seekers gain bargaining power and leverage it into greater job quality—at least, that’s the conventional wisdom.
Michael, LMIC Economist, presented findings that reveal a weakened relationship between labour market tightness and job quality indicators following the pandemic. Labour market tightness coincided with growth in real wages for only a portion of workers: those in low-wage jobs requiring little education. Several factors—including labour market composition, worker and employer behaviour, and labour market practices—have contributed to the absence of worker benefits. These will be investigated further in future work.
KYC Compliance: A Cornerstone of Global Crypto Regulatory FrameworksAny kyc Account
This presentation explores the pivotal role of KYC compliance in shaping and enforcing global regulations within the dynamic landscape of cryptocurrencies. Dive into the intricate connection between KYC practices and the evolving legal frameworks governing the crypto industry.
An accounting information system (AIS) refers to tools and systems designed for the collection and display of accounting information so accountants and executives can make informed decisions.
New Visa Rules for Tourists and Students in Thailand | Amit Kakkar Easy VisaAmit Kakkar
Discover essential details about Thailand's recent visa policy changes, tailored for tourists and students. Amit Kakkar Easy Visa provides a comprehensive overview of new requirements, application processes, and tips to ensure a smooth transition for all travelers.
13 Jun 24 ILC Retirement Income Summit - slides.pptxILC- UK
ILC's Retirement Income Summit was hosted by M&G and supported by Canada Life. The event brought together key policymakers, influencers and experts to help identify policy priorities for the next Government and ensure more of us have access to a decent income in retirement.
Contributors included:
Jo Blanden, Professor in Economics, University of Surrey
Clive Bolton, CEO, Life Insurance M&G Plc
Jim Boyd, CEO, Equity Release Council
Molly Broome, Economist, Resolution Foundation
Nida Broughton, Co-Director of Economic Policy, Behavioural Insights Team
Jonathan Cribb, Associate Director and Head of Retirement, Savings, and Ageing, Institute for Fiscal Studies
Joanna Elson CBE, Chief Executive Officer, Independent Age
Tom Evans, Managing Director of Retirement, Canada Life
Steve Groves, Chair, Key Retirement Group
Tish Hanifan, Founder and Joint Chair of the Society of Later life Advisers
Sue Lewis, ILC Trustee
Siobhan Lough, Senior Consultant, Hymans Robertson
Mick McAteer, Co-Director, The Financial Inclusion Centre
Stuart McDonald MBE, Head of Longevity and Democratic Insights, LCP
Anusha Mittal, Managing Director, Individual Life and Pensions, M&G Life
Shelley Morris, Senior Project Manager, Living Pension, Living Wage Foundation
Sarah O'Grady, Journalist
Will Sherlock, Head of External Relations, M&G Plc
Daniela Silcock, Head of Policy Research, Pensions Policy Institute
David Sinclair, Chief Executive, ILC
Jordi Skilbeck, Senior Policy Advisor, Pensions and Lifetime Savings Association
Rt Hon Sir Stephen Timms, former Chair, Work & Pensions Committee
Nigel Waterson, ILC Trustee
Jackie Wells, Strategy and Policy Consultant, ILC Strategic Advisory Board
3. PROCOLOMBIA AROUND THE WORLD
United States / Canada / Mexico / Guatemala / Costa Rica / Caribbean /
Venezuela / Brazil / Ecuador / Chile / Peru / Argentina / Spain / Germany /
Portugal. / United Kingdom / France /Turkey / United Arab Emirates / India
/ China / South Korea / Russia / Japan / Singapore / Indonesia.
26 commercialoffices
30countries
7. Around
1.0
million of
oil barrel
per day
3rd oil
producer in
the region
COLOMBIA’S GENERAL FACTS
Fifth coal
exporter
worldwide
First exporter in
Latin America
Fourth
largest
producer
of crude
palm oil
in the
world
Over 1.0
million tons
produced
Country
with the
highest
biodiversity
per km2
Among the
17most
megadiverse
countries of the
planet
8. LESS THAN 6 HOURS AWAY BY
AIRPLANE FROM THE MAIN
CITIES IN THE AMERICAS
* This information takes into account the routes departing from international airports in Barranquilla, Bogota, Cali, and Medellin.
Source: Routes and Tariffs- Tools for the Colombian Exporter, Processed by Proexport Colombia.
New York
(5hr 35min)
Los Angeles
(9hr 25min)
Mexico City
(4hr 20min)
Paris
(13hr 20min)
Madrid
(9hr 40min)
London
(14hr 05min)
Tokyo
(25hr 05min)
Beijing
(24hr 40min)
Dubai
(19hr 40min)
Moscow
(17hr)
Miami
(4hr 30 min)
Lima
(3hr 10 min)
Santiago de Chile
(6hr 55 min)
Berlin
(14hr 10 min)
Hong Kong
(24hr 15min)
Toronto
(8hr 54 min)
Mumbai
(24hr 30min)
Seoul
(23hr 35min)
Sao Paulo
(5hr 50min)
878 INTERNATIONAL DIRECT FREQUENCIES PER WEEK.
MORE THAN 4,500 DOMESTIC FREQUENCIES PER WEEK.
9. A country with
multiple development
poles and regions
Caribbean Region
Andean Region
Pacific Region
Orinoco RegionAmazon Region
Agribusiness
Automotive
Infrastructure
BPO & KPO
IT Services
Hotel & Tourism
Infrastructure
Agribusiness
Oil Goods and
Services
Automotive
BPO
Hotel & Tourism
Infrastructure
Shared Services
Centers
Agribusiness
Metalworking
Chemicals
Automotive
Hotel & Tourism
Infrastructure
Agribusiness
Hotel & Tourism
Infrastructure
Agribusiness
Hotel & Tourism
Infrastructure
Colombia has 9 cities with over 500,000 inhabitants
and 37 with more than 250,000 inhabitants.
It is expected that by 2020, 14 cities have
more than 500 thousand inhabitants.
Cartagena
990,179 hab.
Medellín
2,441,123 hab.
Cali
2,344,734 hab.
Ibagué
512,631 hab.
Bogotá
7,776,845 hab.
Bucaramanga
527,451 hab.
Cúcuta
643,666 hab.
Barranquilla
1,212,943 hab.
Soledad
599,012 hab.
10. The second largest spanish
speaking country in the world and
among the 30 most populated
255,07
204,5
121,1
101,4
91,6
68,8
50,6 48,2 42,4
31,9 30,8
18,0
9,8 8,6 8,4 8,2 7,3 5,5 5,2 4,6
Population 2015* (millions)
* Estimated.
Source: IMF, 2015.
Latin America economies
11. Colombia is within the largest
economies in the world and one
of the largest non-OECD economies
190
192
204
250
296
307
308
310
328
332
381
386
421
487
563
688
896
1,232
1,435
1,904
Peru
New Zealand
Vietnam
Chile
Singapore
Israel
Philippines
Hong Kong
Malaysia
Colombia
Austria
Thailand
Norway
Sweden
Argentina
Switzerland
Indonesia
Mexico
South Korea
Brazil
GDP current prices 2015* (US$ billions)
* Estimated.
Source: IMF, 2015.
Latin America economies
12. GDP per capita in Colombia has tripled in just a decade,
going from US$2,200 in 2003 to US$8,000 in 2014
2.053
2.865
3.534
5.445
6.458
8.076
10.715
10.804
11.604
12.873
14.447
28.101
36.991
39.871
43.837
51.307
56.319
58.491
87.475
97.013
Vietnam
Philippines
Indonesia
Thailand
Peru
Colombia
Mexico
Malaysia
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
South Korea
Israel
Hong Kong
New Zealand
Austria
Singapore
Sweden
Switzerland
Norway
Source: IMF, 2015.
GDP per capita, current prices 2014 (US$)
Latin America economies
13. In the past five years,
Colombia ranked
second in terms of
economic growth
among the largest
countries in the region
Gross Domestic Product, average growth
2010 - 2014
Colombian growth drivers
according to OECD
For Colombia data, corresponds to real GDP growth reported for 2014 according
to DANE.
For the rest of L.A data corresponds to the estimated growth for 2014 according
to IMF (World Economic Outlook Update – July 2014).
100
5,8%
4,8%
4,4%
4,6%
3,7%
1,1%
3,3% 3,2%
Colombia
Peru
Mexico
Chile
LATAM
Brazil
Argentina
Venezuela
High investment in housing and
infrastructure (12% growth)
Growth in private consumption (4.6%)
Solid labor market
Public expenditure
14. 100
Colombia
Peru
Mexico
Chile
LATAM
Brazil
Argentina
Venezuela
Peru and
Colombia, the
top growing
economies in
2015 among
the largest
Latin American
countries
Source: IMF (World Economic Outlook – July 2015)
e = estimated
Gross Domestic Product
Average growth 2015
3,2%
3,0%
2,5% 2,4%
0,5%
0,1%
-1,5%
-7%
Image taken from: http://www.agenciadenoticias.unal.edu.co/typo3temp/pics/e16bc4deb4.jpg
16. Colombia, an
investment-grade
country with
positive outlook
Source: S&P Ratings; Dinero magazine, Colombian Treasury.
RatingPerspectiveTerm
Long Term –
Foreign currency
BBB BBB Baa2
Stable PositiveStable
In July 2014, Moody´s was the last
rating agency in improving Colombia´s
rating due to two key drivers:
1. Positive growth forecast thanks to 4G
infrastructure.
2. A sound fiscal management that will
continue in the future.
Long Term –
Foreign currency
Long Term –
Foreign currency
17. 50%
31%
28%
18%
9% 8%
16%
30%
2002 2003 2004 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Agrowing middle class
Source: Poverty: National Administrative Department of Statistics – DANE
Middle class: The gained decade: the evolution of the middle class in Colombia
between 2002 and 2011. Documento CEDE # 50. Universidad de los Andes. And RADDAR for 2013 data.
Percentage of people in poverty
2002 – 2014
Poverty
Middle Class
Extremely Poverty
Image taken from: https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ79OzZHG0AAyCQ8zoXkPS0SP4MuUBsz16sgncuMCIT7Vo5iH2R
Colombia has
continuously
decreased its
poverty levels
18. 16%
25%
37%
46%
2002 2012 2020 2025
The middle class will represent
the 46% of the population in 2025
Average real growth of consumer expenditure,
2014 – 2018
Middle class* in Colombia as a percentage
of total population (Millions inhabitants)
* Calculus based on a 4.6% GDP growth
Middle class: Monthly household income between 3.2MW and 13MW
(MW) Minimum wage in Colombia 2014: USD 320. Source: Fedesarrollo (2013) and Euromonitor
19.0
11.6
6.7
24.7
2.9%
4.1%
4.2%
4.7%
5.5%PER
COL
CHI
MEX
BRA
Imagen tomada de: http://www.sen-soyle.com/g/1modern_wall_texture_30.jpg
19. PERU
COLOMBIA
MEXICO
CHILE
PANAMA
ECUADOR
BRAZIL
Source: Doing Business Report 2015. World Bank
* Position between 189 economies. ** Positive numbers indicate an
improvement in the business environment
35
-1
19
39
34
+4
41
-2
52
+3
115
0
120
+3
Position out of 189 economies
Change in rank 2014 – 2015**
Colombia´s Position out of 189 economies.
Image taken from: http://orig12.deviantart.net/1026/f/2008/176/b/4/brick_road_2_texture_by_jay_b_rich.jpg
Colombia tops the
region as the best
country for doing
business in 2015
20. COLOMBIA WAS OFFICIALLY
INVITED ON MAY 2013 TO INITIATE
THE PROCESS TO BECOME FULL
MEMBER OF THE OECD
“The OCDE investment policy
review examines Colombia's
achievements in developing an
open and transparent
investment regime and its
efforts to reduce restrictions on
international investment” OECD
Colombia is implementing
the roadmap to become full
member of the OECD
PROCOLOMBIA.CO
24. Developed economies 2014
Developed economies 2013
Developing and transition economies 2014
Developing and transition economies 2013
Colombia remains one of the
top 20 destinations for FDI
Source: UNCTAD – World Investment Report 2013 and 2014
Top 20 host economies in 2014
(USD billion)Rank18
0
43
16
-5
69
-23
19
45
42
17
32
28
52
54
64 65
48
231
74
124
14 15 16
19 21 22 23 23 2323
30
34
54
71
62
68
72
92
103
129
25. Colombia recorded US$16,257
million of inward FDI in 2014
3.391
4.675
6.201
6.432
6.612
7.607
8.682
9.200
9.899
10.036
10.799
12.566
16.257
21.914
22.580
22.795
22.949
62.495
67.523
103.254
New Zealand
Austria
Philippines
Israel
Argentina
Peru
Norway
Vietnam
South Korea
Sweden
Malaysia
Thailand
Colombia
Switzerland
Indonesia
Mexico
Chile
Brazil
Singapore
Hong Kong
FDI inflows 2014
(US$ millions)
Source: UNCTAD – World Investment Report 2015.
Latin America economies
26. NON OIL AND MINING SECTORS
ARE TAKING A LARGER SHARE
OF INWARD FDI
Source: Balance of Payments - Banco de la República.
Share of all countries with positive cumulative investment, The information includes reinvested
profits or investments in the oil sector
Note: the list of the top countries investing in Colombia does not include Panama.
Top Investing Countries in Colombia
2000– 2015 IQ
FDI Inflows. 2008 –2015 II Q
US$ million
UNITED STATES
•22%
UNITED KINGDOM
•13.2%
SPAIN
•8.4%
SWITZERLAND
•6%
TOTAL 2005 – 2015 IQ: US$ 127,829
4,197
7,095
8,120
9,838
4,646 4,328
5,722
7,945
8,809
6,419
4,169
2,507
Promedio
2008-2011
2012 2013 2014 2014 II Q 2015 II Q
2,825
3,814
16,209
15,039
9,919
16,257
Oil and mining
Other sectors
27. COLOMBIA HAS ACCESS TO MORE THAN 45 COUNTRIES AND 1,500
MILLION CONSUMERS THROUGH ITS NETWORK OF TRADE
AGREEMENTS
Source: Colombian Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism. 2015.
*These are Partial Scope Agreements (PSA)
- - - The dotted line refers to member countries of The Pacific Alliance other than
Colombia. – Chile, Peru and México.
Canada
United States
Mexico
Guatemala
Honduras
El Salvador
Ecuador
Brazil
Peru
Argentina
Paraguay
Uruguay
EFTA
European
Union
Turkey
Israel
Japan
Panama
Chile
Bolivia
Costa Rica
Venezuela*
Pacific
Alliance
South Korea
Cuba*
Nicaragua*
In force
Signed
In negotiation
28. Colombia:
A gateway to the Pacific Alliance
Source: IMF – UNCTAD, 2015.
Mexico
Colombia
Peru
Chile
GDP of
US$2,129
billion
The members
generate 37% of
the region´s
GDP
Population of
219 million
More than Brazil´s
population
FTAs with 60
countries
Access to benefits of
markets that represent
86% of the World
GDP
MILA is the first cross border
initiative to integrate equities
markets, without any sort of merger
or global corporate integration, using
only technological tools along with.
Listed companies: 590
44% of the
regional FDI
Total FDI of US$69,608
million (2014)
31. 3.652
43,561
1994 - 2002 1994 - 2014
The stock of investment flows from Colombia
to the world has grown 12-fold since 2002
Source: Banrep, 2015
Source TOP three Latin American investors: EIU, 2015
Stock of outward FDI
1994 – 2014, US$ million
Top Latin American
investors to the world
(2014) USD million
BRAZIL
• US$ 26,020
CHILE
• US$ 11,949
MEXICO
• US$ 7,610
COLOMBIA
• US$ 3,899
32. 10,0%
4,0%
4,0%
4,0%
4,0%
5,0%
6,0%
7,0%
8,0%
11,0%
28,0%
Other sectors
Pharmaceuticals
Petrochemicals
Hotels and tourism
Construction materials
Chemicals
ICT
Utilities
Financial services
Processed foods
Apparel retail
We have identified more than 45O expansion operations overseas,
driven by 123 Colombian companies which have undertaken an
internationalization process through investments abroad
Source: fDi Markets, EMIS and mass media.
Agribusiness
12%
Manufacturing
23%
Services
39%
Fashion
industry
26%
Distribution of companies by sector
Main subsectors
% of companies
THE EXPANDING ROLE OF
COLOMBIAN “MULTILATINAS”
33. We have identified more than 500
operations, with different international
expansion models, around the globe
Number of Operations
50-60
40-50
30-40
20-30
10 and 20
Peru
Panama
U.S.A
México
Main investment
destinations
34. Investment cases of Colombian
companies
Alpina has 3
production plants
in Ecuador, Peru
and the United
States. The latter
plant has created
50 new direct jobs
and has a yearly
production
capacity of 4,000
tons of yogurt.
Nutresa is a
multinational
company with
investments in
Malaysia, Chile,
Dominican Republic,
Mexico, Nicaragua,
Peru, Panama, Costa
Rica and Puerto
Rico. In 2014,
Nutresa invested in
the construction of
a new factory of
crackers in Texas.
Argos has become
one of the largest
concrete producers
in the state of
Florida and the
southeastern
region. The
company also has
invested in Puerto
Rico, Honduras and
French Guyana.
Corona has invested
in Brazil, Mexico,
China and the United
States. The
reinvestment
objective of its plant
in Perrysville (Ohio)
was to increase its
production of
plumbing products by
50% in the upcoming
years.
Source: DINERO Magazine, July 2014
Grupo Phoenix has
emerged as the
Latin American
leader in
packaging
solutions. With 5
production plants:
Virginia, Arizona,
México, Venezuela
and Ecuador.
37. Source: Ministry of Transport - The annual avarage exchange rate for 2014 US$=2.001,1
Sectors of opportunity – Infrastructure:
A major drive for growth
Airports
Interventions US$ 1.8 Bill
(10 projects) and constructions
US$ 2.3 Bill (2 projects).
(2015-2018)
Ports
US$ 2.1 Bill.
(2015-2018)
Roads
US$ 24 Bill.
Fourth Generation of PPP’S (4g)
Intervention of 8.000 Km of Roads
1.300 Km of new Roads
40 new concessions
River Navigability
US$ 1.3 Bill.
Improvement of the
Magdalena
Step Rail Ways
US$ 4.2 Bill.
Concession Program
(feasibility study – step 2)
38. 0
Sectors of opportunity – Infrastructure:
A major drive for growth
Source: DINERO Magazine, July 2014
In 2014, Iridium awarded
two road concession
projects in the
government’s “highway
concession program
(4G)”. Those projects
sum 78 Km long and will
help with the
strengthening of the
transportation
infrastructure.
Strabag will participate
in a highway project in
the country. it involves
the completion of 75 km
of new highway, the
modernization of a 65
km section and the
construction of
numerous bridges and
tunnels.
In 2015, Ferrovial has
awarded the design,
construction, financing,
operation and
maintenance of a road
concession of 152 km
long. They have also
developed other projects
such as tunnels in
Ituango hydroelectric
plant and some other
highways.
OHL is participating in
the construction and
future operation of a
highway of 144 km long.
The project will include
the construction of 2
tunnels and 79 bridges;
it will reduce the
transport time between
the center and the north
coast of the country.
Spain Austria Spain Spain
39. Sectors of opportunity – Energy: a diversified
source base and a pivotal location in the Americas
Source: World Economic Forum 2014 and UPME
* UPME (Colombian Planning Unit of Mines and Energy). MW approx.
0,66
0,67
0,67
0,7
0,71
0,72
0,72
0,72
0,73
0,75
Latvia
Costa Rica
Spain
Colombia
Denmark
Switzerland
Sweden
France
New Zealand
Norway
The Global Energy Architecture Performance Index 2014Colombia was ranked first in Latin America and
seventh in the world according to the “Energy
Architecture Performance Index 2014”. WEF, 2014.
103Power Generation projects in
different stages: Installed capacity of
4,974 MW*
13power transmission projects
in different stages*
High potential in Biofuels and
alternative energies
Wind GeothermalSolarBiomass Solid Residues Gas
Some niche with oportunities
40. 0
Source: DINERO Magazine, July 2014
Endesa, subsidiary of the
Italian group Enel,
acquired participation in
Emgesa and Betania
power generation
companies with 2,895
MW of installed capacity.
The company has also
investment in Codensa,
main power distribution
and trading Company in
Bogota and other cities.
Union Fenosa bought "
Electricaribe and
Electrocosta " and
became the main power
distribution and trading
company in the north
coast of Colombia.
Fenosa also manage
natural gas and currently
has more than 4 million
users through the
country.
Colombia subsidiary of
AES Corporation (Applied
Energy Services). Chivor
is one of the country's
largest generator with a
total effective installed
capacity of 1,000 MW.
The low-grade coal-fired
power plant Termopaipa
in Paipa (Colombia) was
the first power plant
abroad which was
planned, financed and
built by Steag.
Spain Spain United States Germany
Sectors of opportunity – Energy: a diversified
source base and a pivotal location in the Americas
41. Sectors of opportunity – Oil and gas goods
and services
South American oil production in 2014
KBPD
Brazil
2,346
Argentina
629
Peru
110
Ecuador
556
Colombia
990
Venezuela
2,700
Colombia is within the top twenty oil producing
countries in the world
Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2015.
Goods and services for the Offshore industry
Exploration: 23 blocks.
Round 2014 results: 5 blocks awarded.
Offshore potential resources would multiply by 6 oil
reserves in Colombia; gas reserves would triple as well.
Non-conventional resources
7 shale gas and oil gas basins.
Colombia is the third country in South America with the
greatest potential in Shale gas and Shale oil after Brazil and
Argentina.
ACP (Colombian Oil Association): 36 oil wells are expected between
2014 and 2016.
42. 0
The group of
companies specializing
in services for the oil
industry, since 2007
have been seeking
new strategic
partnerships with
Colombian companies
to expand its coverage
in the domestic
market.
The Company arrived to
Colombia in 1943. They
offer general provision of
services for the oil
industry and develop
several projects related
with and supporting the
oil sector process
The Peruvian company,
leader in fixed and
temporary building
solutions, has developed
projects in temporary
housing and other
infrastructure for the oil
and mining sector.
The Canadian signed an
agreement to acquire all
of the shares of SAI
Colombia. This will take
control of 37% of oil
platforms in the
Colombian market and
become the largest
operator of holes in the
country.
China United States Peru Canada
Sectors of opportunity – Oil and gas goods
and services
43. Sectors of opportunity – Manufacturing:
manufactures for the local and foreign markets
Some niche with opportunities
Domestic market with potential growth
• Colombia's middle class will triple in the next ten years.
• Colombia's purchasing power has doubled in the last 10
years.
• According to Fedesarrollo, the expected growth will be
higher than 5% in the next three years.
Capable workforce and reliable business network
• More than 400,000 graduates and specialists in
engineering related areas between 2000 and 2013.
• More than 3,700 industrial companies with export
experience.
A well-established exporting platform for the
manufacturing sector
• 13 Trade Agreements granting tariff-free access to a
market with approximately 1.5 Billion consumers.
Automotive Ceramic
Metalworking
Architectural
glass
Fertilizers Plastic
Packaging
Natural
ingedients for
consmetics
Pesticides
44. 0
Source: DINERO Magazine, July 2014
Its factory in Colombia is
among the three most
efficient in the world due
to its results in
productivity and
competitiveness.
The new factory is one of
its three most modern
factories in the world.
The products
manufactured there are
free of phosphates,
which shows its modern
approach and care for
the environment.
The factory located in
Colombia is the most
efficient and ranks first
(it has 8 in total) by its
good performance in
production processes
and high international
standards of
manufacturing.
In 2014, Mexichem
opened the most
modern and automated
plant in Latin America to
manufacture pipes made
of polyester resin
reinforced with
fiberglass.
Germany Netherlands &
United Kingdom
Germany Mexico
A regional platform for manufacturing
activities with high standards of productivity
45. 0
Source: DINERO Magazine, July 2014
Its factory in Colombia is
one of the most
productive and
sustainable and is listed
as one of the 'focus
factories' for the group,
which has operations in
more than 130 countries.
French company Saint
Gobain set up in
Colombia one of the
most modern plants in
the region to supply
glass to the automotive
industry market.
The French cosmetic
producer acquired the
Colombian company
Laboratorios Cósmeticos
Vogue in 2013. With this
acquisition the
multinational has
positioned its brand
locally and regionally.
The company begun
operations in Colombia
in 2008. UPL Colombia is
the group's exporting
platform in the Americas,
exporting more than
95% of its production
towards major markets
like United States,
Mexico, Brazil and
Argentina.
Switzerland France France India
A regional platform for manufacturing
activities with high standards of productivity
46. Sectors of opportunity – Automotive
Sales of vehicles in Colombia. Thousands of unitsIn 2014, Colombia set a new record in car
sales with more than 328,000 units.
8 OEM´s (Original Equipment Manufacturer)
have facilities in Colombia. 73% of cargo is
transported by road.
Colombia is the second largest producer of
motorcycles in the region.
The production of auto parts has
doubled in last ten years.
Assembly of passenger
vehicles
Some niche with opportunities
Assembly of
cargo vehicles
Assembly of
motorcycles
Manufacture of
auto parts
253,9
324,6 316,0
293,8
328,5
350,9 362,8
381,0
398,7
436,0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015e 2016e 2017e 2018e 2019e
Source: ANDI and Business Monitor International
Source: ANDI.
47. 0
The North American
company General
Motors, invested to
create its own Industrial
Free Trade Zone for
stamping processes.
Daimler, along with
DANA, invested in a
plant for the assembly of
passenger vehicles. An
estimated 3,000 unit per
year will be assembled
by 2015.
The North American
company Johnson
Controls made an
alliance with Baterías
Mac for lead batteries
production destined to
the local market, Central,
South America and The
Caribbean.
Foton recently invested
in a new assembly
facility for its SUV
models.
United States Germany United States China
Sectors of opportunity – Automotive
48. Source: MinTic and IDC
Sectors of opportunity – Services
IT, BPO, ITO, Shared Services, Apps
Colombia is one the three major providers
of IT services in the region.
The broadband connections increased
from 2.2 to 8.8 millions between 2010
and 2014
In the next 4 years, the broadband
connections will be tripled reaching 27
million connections
Available labor force of more than 1,200,000
professionals graduated in fields related to
financial and value added shared service
operations
Some niche with oportunities
Cloud computing
Big data
Software develpment
Innovation and
development centers
Agregated
shared services
centres for
diverse
industries
49. 0
Source: DINERO Magazine, July 2014
In September of 2014
the assembly of IBM’s
third Data Center in
Colombia was made
official, with a processing
capacity of 5 petabytes,
makes it one of the most
advanced centers for
Cloud Computing and
Big Data Analytics in the
country
It has two operations
centers in Bogota where
it manages a diversified
portfolio of blue ribbon
clients, with the capacity
for up to a thousand
positions.
In Colombia the
operation currently has
more than 1,400 active
work positions in credit
processes, customer
service, and document
management, attending
and responding to
clients in sectors that
include banking,
manufacturing, mining,
mass consumption,
among others
The Operation of the
Diageo Shared Services
Center in Bogota serves
12 markets in the region
and has about 110
positions.
Software & IT Services
United States
BPO
Spain
BPO & IT
Japan
Shared Services
United Kingdom
Sectors of opportunity – Services
IT, BPO, ITO, Shared Services, Apps
50. Projects that increase availability of convention
centers, exhibition centers and corporate
hotels. Colombia ranks 25th in the ICCA
ranking (International Congress and Convention
Association)
Sectors of opportunity
Tourism infrastructure,
real estate and retail
Increase availability of Hotel rooms in secondary
cities.
Projects that develop adequate infrastructure
and that take advantage of Colombia´s nature
and wellness potential, reflected in the countries
biodiversity and the quality of it´s health
services.
Investment in luxury hospitality.
Investment Opportunities in:
Nature &
Adventure
Wellness
City HotelsEntertainment
Some niche with
oportunities
2012 2013 2014
3.5
3,7
4,2
Inbound tourist*
2012 – 2014
(millions of people)
* Inbound tourist includes: resident Colombians abroad, foreign non resident in
Colombia, special cross borders, and cruise visitors.
Source: Migration Colombia and MinCIT. ProColombia calculations.
51. Sectors of opportunity
Tourism infrastructure,
real estate and retail
Source: DINERO Magazine, July 2014
This American chain
opened its first hotel in
Bogota's financial district
(73rd Street), with
approximately 240
rooms focusing on
business tourism. Hilton
operates in the
Caribbean region of
Colombia through the
Hampton brand in
Cartagena and
Barranquilla.
Holiday Inn hotels
opened in Bogota and
Cartagena, and
combined provide 331
rooms. Also, there is a
Holiday Inn Express in
Bogota with 76 rooms,
one in Cucuta with 98
rooms, and one in
Bucaramanga with 170
rooms. Currently, there
is an Intercontinental
hotel under construction
in Cartagena.
The American company
Marriott International
operates in Bogota with
a 239-room hotel located
in the southern section
of El Dorado Avenue, 15
minutes away from the
international and
domestic air terminals.
Also, the prestigious
264-room JW Marriott
hotel opened in Bogota’s
financial district (72nd
Street), and a 182-room
Marriott hotel will soon
open in Cali.
Ibis Bogota is located in
the International Center
(one of Bogota’s business
districts), close to the
National Museum, 15
minutes from the
Colonial Candelaria
district and 45 minutes
away from the airport.
Medellin also has an
Accor hotel brand which
has added 216 rooms to
the city.
United States United Kingdom United States France
52. Rubber Biofuels
Build specialized industrial facilities to
transform natural rubber into value-added
items.
Build biorefineries, biomass plants and / or
development of transesterification
intended to transform the palm oil into
biodiesel.
Establish local partnerships and invest in
biotechnology laboratories to develop
quality seeds.
Build cocoa plants to process cocoa
byproducts such as cocoa butter, cocoa
liquor and chocolate products.
Sectors of opportunity - Agribusiness
Forestry
Some niche with opportunities Investment Opportunities
Aquaculture Cacao Cereals
Fruits and
vegetables
Meat Processed food
53. Source: DINERO Magazine, July 2014
Sectors of opportunity - Agribusiness
0
Dole, the North
American multinational,
began to operate a plant
of salads and a
distribution center of
production in Colombia,
projects in which the
company had to invest
around US$15 million.
Smurfit Kappa is one of the
leading providers of paper-
based packaging solutions in
the world, with around
43,000 employees in
approximately 350
production sites across 33
countries and with revenue
of €8.1 billion in 2014.
Entered the country in 2007 as
a result of a joint venture with
the Colombian company
Alquería, combining the
international experience and
the innovation capacity and
development of Danone with
the know how and knowledge
of the local market of Alquería.
Chile
Ireland France
54. Sectors of opportunity – Oil palm and rubber
Agricultural GDP in Latin America
4th country in the world with higher oil
palm production: 1.2 million tons (3.1% of the
global demand).
Colombia produces 20% of the South
American rubber: 44,100 tonnes/year.
High potential tire demand: between 2008
and 2013, sales in excess of 6.4 million tires were
estimated and the figure could be higher.
Oil and fat
processed food
Rubber auto
parts
Biofuels
Some niche with opportunities
4%
4%
5%
6%
6%
6%
7%
9%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%
Venezuela
Mexico
Brazil
Ecuador
Latam
Peru
Colombia
Argentina
Source: FAO, Ministry of Agriculture.
55. 0
Mitsubishi has become
partner with Ecopetrol in
the project Bioenergy
(Ethanol Production,
2012).
Likewise, Mitsubishi
aqcuired a part of
Colombian BioOriente
(which is building the
largest biodiesel plant of
Colombia)
A factory of radial tires
for trucks and neumatic
tires, among others,
operates in Yumbo (Valle
del Cauca).
The first air-retreading
plant for Latin America
will begin operations in
Colombia.
Merhav produces more
than 376,000 lt/daily in
a 10,000 hectares plant
of sugar cane located in
Magdalena.
Merhay contributes to
generate around 1.000
direct jobs in Colombia.
AAK has acquired the
Fabrica Nacional de
Grasas S.A. (FANAGRA),
a Colombian company
that specializes in
vegetable oils and fats
for the bakery segment.
The company has 155
employees and an
annual volume of
production of 30,000
tonnes.
Japan United States Israel Sweeden
Sectors of opportunity – Oil palm and rubber
56. No import duties. VAT
exemption for goods sold
from Colombia to FTZ.
Benefit from
international trade
agreements.
Allows sales to
the local market.
Free trade zones for
different investor styles.
REDUCED INCOME TAX AND SALES
ALLOWED TO THE LOCAL MARKET
Free Trade Zone (102)
“Special Standing
Uniempresarial”
(FTZ) (62)
Permanent Free
Trade Zone
(40)
57. Investment cases in colombian free
trade zones
Source: DINERO Magazine, July 2014
Teleperformance
Colombia has 11
campuses and
approximately 10,000
employees in its offices
in Bogota and Medellin.
The company stands out
for providing nearshore
services in Colombia
(United States) and
Offshore (Spain).
In 2015, opened a
precision component
factory in the country.
It’s the first midsize
Japanese company who
decides to invest in
Colombia.
Through the construction
of the largest assembly
plant in Latin America,
Hero MotoCorp serves
the markets of Central
and South America.
Mexican Coca-Cola
Femsa bottling plant in
Tocancipá free trade
zone is the starting point
of FEMSA Industrial
Park, the first cluster of
soft drinks in the
country.
France Japan India Mexico
58. Summing up,
Colombia offers:
A dynamic and stable and
economy
An agency, PROCOLOMBIA, ready
to assist you in assessing
investment opportunities
A solid base of expanding Colombian
companies to partner with to reach
the local and regional markets
Diverse Opportunities for
investment in a wide
variety of sectors
A platform to reach third
markets through a
network of FTAs
A very interesting and
expanding market