This document discusses coagulation (clotting) testing, which measures the function of blood vessels, platelets, and coagulation factors to achieve hemostasis (stopping of bleeding). It describes the principle, methodology, and clinical significance of prothrombin time testing using an automated analyzer. The prothrombin time test evaluates the extrinsic coagulation pathway and is used to monitor patients on oral anticoagulant therapy. The test involves mixing citrated plasma with tissue thromboplastin and calcium chloride, then measuring the clotting time and calculating the international normalized ratio to standardize results. Abnormal results can indicate coagulation disorders or effects of medications on clotting.