4. The Greenhouse gases
Industrial Emissions
Burning of fossil fuels
Deforestation
Volcanic eruptions
Pollution of automobiles.
Causes Of Global
Warming
7. How could CO2 cause
global warming by
greenhouse effect ?
Carbon dioxide (26%) is not as
strong a greenhouse gas as water
vapor (58%), but it absorbs energy
in wavelengths (12-15
micrometers) that water vapor does
not, partially closing the “water
vapor window” through which heat
radiated by the surface would
normally escape to space.
:- Partially closing water
vapor window
8. CO2 Sequestration has the potential
to provide a critical near-term
solution for reducing the
concentration of carbon dioxide in
the atmosphere.
Need For CO2
Sequestration
9. 1. Post Combustion Capture
Involves the removal of CO2
from the flue gas produced by
combustion of fossil fuel.
CO2 Capture
Systems
10. 2. Pre Combustion Capture
Involves reaction of a fuel with air
and/or steam to give mainly a gas
composed of carbon monoxide
and hydrogen. The carbon
monoxide reacts with steam to
give CO2 and more hydrogen.
CO2 Capture
Systems
11. 3. Oxy Fuel combustion
Capture
Nearly pure oxygen is used for
combustion instead of air,
resulting in a flue gas that is
mainly CO2 and H2O.
CO2 Capture
Systems
Combustion
O2
Fuel
>90% CO2
12. The main issue with post combustion capture system is the low
concentration of CO2 in the flue gases (3- 10%) that makes the
process very costly.
In pre combustion capture system, cost of equipment and the
availability are the drawbacks.
With oxy fuel combustion capture system, large cryogenic oxygen
production requirement may be cost prohibitive.
Drawbacks of CO2
capture systems
13. Current
Technologies
1. Amine based
technology
Drawbacks of amine based
solvents:-
1. High vapour pressure
2. Corrosive nature
3. The cost due to the high
energy requirements of the
process
Thus there is need for alternative solvents.....
14. Ionic Liquids
• 1.Salts with melting point
close or below 1000 C .
• 2.Entirely made up of equal
number of positive &
negative ions.
• 3.So, entire system is
neutral.
23. Ionic Liquids System MEA-based technology
Avoid solvent evaporation (low VP). Solvent evaporation and drops dragging (high
VP).
Low volatility and better thermal
Stability.
High volatility and thermally unstable
Less degradation and lower corrosivity. It is corrosive in nature.
Lower energy and cost for regeneration High cost of solvent scrubbing.
Comparison Between Ionic Liquids
System And MEA-Based Technology
24. High viscosity
Attempts should be made to
exploit the opportunity to “tailor”
the properties of the ILs by
changing cations and anions.
It can be reduced with an
addition of organic solvent,
addition of facilitating agent
which enhance the CO2 solubility.
Major Challenge
with ionic liquids
25. As compare to the present earlier
CO2 capture strategies ,
Ionic Liquids has been emerged as
a novel media for CO2 capture in
chemical absorption technique.
Conclusion
26. 1. “CO2 capture using ionic liquids” master thesis by
Muhammad Waseem Arshad
department of chemical and biochemical engineering technical
university of denmark, May 2009
2. “The research progress of CO2 capture with ionic liquids” by
ZHAO Zhijun , DONG Haifeng and ZHANG Xiangping ,
Beijing key laboratory of ionic liquids clean process, state key
laboratory of multiphase complex system, institute of process
engineering, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100190, China
college of chemistry and chemical engineering, graduate university
of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
References
27. 3. “Closed cycle continuous membrane ionic liquids
absorption/desorption process for CO2 capture” UK patent
application, No. 1500989.7
4. “MCIL-CO2: Novel Membrane Contactor Using Ionic
Liquids for Pre-combustion CO2 Capture” Liyuan Deng*,
Zhongde Dai, Muhammad Usman, Magne Hillestad, Jun Li and
Lu Bai, department of chemical engineering, Norwegian
University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim,
7491, Norway.
5. http://www.slideshare.net/balmukund/water-a-green-solvent-
with-a-diference
