Absorption of CO2 by post-combustion method

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Presented by –
Kunal Roy
KINETICS OF CO2 ABSORPTION IN AQUEOUS AMINE
SOLUTION
HALDIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
B.Tech final year project

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 CO2 is the most important greenhouse gas,.
 Emission of greenhouse gas (GHG) must be reduced by 50% to 80% by 2050 to
circumvent intense consequences of global warming.
 Green-house gas emissions (GHG) will rise the average global temperature by 1.1 to
6.40 C by the end of the 21st century.
 Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture is a process consisting of the separation of CO2 from
industrial and energy-related sources for long-term isolation from the atmosphere and
to restore in a preferred location.
 Many solutions are realized or investigated to trap carbon dioxide. There are different
types of CO2 capture systems.
INTRODUCTION

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INTRODUCTION
 Post-Combustion: Post-combustion capture
of CO2 in power plants is economically
feasible under specific conditions.
 Pre-Combustion: The technology required
for pre-combustion capture is widely applied
in fertilizer manufacturing and in hydrogen
production.
 Oxy-fuel Combustion: Oxy-fuel combustion
is in the demonstration phase and uses high
purity oxygen.

4. z OBJECTIVE
o Study of CO2 absorption using AMP, PZ and their blends.
o Outline briefly the common modeling approaches in the field of post-combustion CO2
absorption.
o New ways of absorption of CO2 in amine solution.
o Determining the kinetics of the absorption of CO2 in amine solutions.
o Finally, the aims to conclude on the prediction efficiency of several models, comparing, to
the point it is possible, results of different researchers which are based on the same
experimental data.

5. z LITERATURE
 The most mature and commercially applied amine is Mono
ethanol amine (MEA) due to its high absorption capacity.
 A special category of amines is sterically hindered amines
(SHA) that e.g. 2-Amino-2- methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and
Piperazine (PZ).
 Alternative solvents for chemical absorption are aqueous
ammonia, ionic liquids and potassium carbonate.

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THEORY  REACTION MECHANISM
 First the carbon dioxide is dissolved
in the liquid medium where a reaction
following the zwitterion mechanism
takes place and a carbamate is
formed.
 FILM THEORY
 The overall absorption of carbon
dioxide can be divided into two steps,
physical and chemical absorption.
 PSEUDO – FIRST ORDER
REACTIONS
 Absorption of CO2 into aqueous
amine solutions normally follows a
second order reaction which makes
the determination of the enhancement
factor quite complex.

7. z PREPARATION
 The chemicals used will be
 CO2
 N2
 MEA
 PZ and
 AMP
 All chemicals will be used without further purification. The aqueous solutions of
MEA wiil be prepared by mixing with distilled deionized water.
 Gas mixtures with varying partial pressures of CO2 in N2 will be used in the
experiments under atmospheric condition.

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EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
 The gas will be introduced to the reactor by
three evenly distributed inlets at the bottom
of the reactor.
 The absorbing medium will be pumped
through a stainless steel cylindrical tube and
distributed as a thin film on the outer surface
of the tube, before it exits at the bottom.
 The experimental temperature will be kept
constant through an external cooling system
where water with a set temperature will be
circulated in a cooling jacket around the
reactor.

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 The pump circulating the
absorbing medium will be
placed directly after the
column to avoid build-up of
liquid in the column.
 Temperature will be measured
both at the inlet and outlet of
the reactor to monitor any
temperature difference due to
the exothermic absorption
reaction.
 The gas will be saturated with
solvent before it enters the
reactor.
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

10. z DISCUSSION
 CO2 is the most important greenhouse gas, and most efficient way should be
adopted to minimize the emission of CO2.
 This is an Ongoing project.
 The kinetics of adsorption of CO2 in aqueous amines (like MEA, AMP and PZ)
solutions using Wetted Wall Column and Stirred Cell Reactor will be performed and
analysis in the future period.

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