The document discusses some key differences in ways of thinking and learning between formal Western-style education and more informal learning typically found in collectivist cultures. It notes that formal education emphasizes abstract knowledge, scientific reasoning, literacy and individualism, while informal learning is more pragmatic, grounded in oral traditions, community participation, and focuses on collective goals over individual interests. The document suggests teachers need to be aware of these differing cultural dimensions when working with students from collectivist backgrounds or those with limited formal schooling experiences.