This document discusses the climate and weather patterns of India. It defines weather as the short-term atmospheric conditions over an area, while climate describes conditions over 30+ years for a large region. The monsoon winds strongly influence India's climate, bringing rain from June to September. Different parts of India experience significant variation in temperature, precipitation, and seasons due to geographic factors like latitude, distance from the sea, ocean currents, and relief features. The document provides details on the seasonal reversal of winds known as the monsoon, as well as the onset and withdrawal periods for the southwest and northeast monsoons respectively.

1. BY PRANAV V DUGAR
climate

2. Weather -
defination
WEATHER REFERS TO THE
STATE OF THE ATMOSPHERE
OVER AN AREA AT ANY POINT
OF TIME .

3. Diffrence between climate and weather .
climate
• It stays for a longer period of
time .
• More than 30 years .
• Cover large areas.
weather
• Its stays of a shorter period
of time .
• Less than 2 months .
• Cover within miles.

4. Elements of
weather and
climate .

5. MONSOON
• THE WORD IS DERIVED FROM THE
ARABIC WORD MAUSIM WHICH
LITRELLY MEANS SEASONS.
• MONSOON REFERS TO THE
SEASONAL REVERSAL IN THE WIND
DIRECTION DURING A YEAR.
• THE CLIMATE OF INDIA IS DESCRIBED
AS MONSOON TYPE.

6. CLIMATE DIFFERS FRO
PLACE TO PLACE.
• TEMPERATURE.
• IN RAJASTHAN IT MAY BE 50
DEGREES IN SUMMER AND ON SAME
DAY CHENNAI CAN HAVE 35
DEGREES IN SUMMER . WHEREAS IN
JAMMU KASHMIR IT MAY BE 10
DEGREE AND IN GUJRAT IT M AY BE
40 DEGREE.

7. CLIMATE VARIES -
PRECIPITATION.
• IN MEGHALYA IT MAY RAIN 400 CM
BUT IN RAJASTHAN IT MAY RAIN
ONLY 10 TO 40 CMM PER YEAR.
• MOST PART OF THE COUNTRY
RECIEVES RAINFALL IN THE
MONTH OF JUNE ,JULY AUGUST
AND SEPTEMBER .
• BUT IN TAMIL NADU IT GET HEAVY
RAINFALL IN THE MONTH OF
OCTOBER ,NOVEMBER AND
DECEMBER DUE TO LOW
PRESSURE IN B AY OF BENGAL.

8. CLIMATIC CONTROLS

9. LATITUDE AND
LONITUDE OF OUR
EARTH
• TROPIC OF CANCER PASSES
THROUGH THE MIDDLE OF OUR
COUNTRY FROM RANN OF KUCHCHH
IN THE WEST TO THE MIZAROM IN
THE EAST.
• TROPIC OF CANCER BELONGS
TO THE TROPICAL AREA.

10. ALTITUDE
• INDIA HAS MOUNTAINS IN THE
NORTH IN WHICH AVERAGE HEIGHT
OF 6000 METERS . HIMALIYAS
PROTECT US FROM THE COLD
WINDS COMING FROM THE CENTRAL
ASIA.
• BEACAUSE THE WINDS
ARE MILDER THAN THE WINDS IN
THE HIMALIYAS.

11. Pressure and Winds
• PRESSURE AND SURFACE WINDS .
• UPPER AIR CIRCULATION .
• WESTERN CYCLONIC DISTURBANC
ES AND TROPICAL CYCLONES .
• THERE ARE TWO TYPES
OF PRESSURE : LOW PRESSURE
AND HIGH PRESSURE.
• THE WINDS COME PACIFIC
OCEANS TO INDIAN OCEAN
AND DIVIDE INTO BAY OF BENGAL
AND ARABIAN SEA .

12. Jet streams
• THE UPPER AIR CIRCULATION IN
THIS REGION IS DOMINATED BY A
WESTRLY FLOW .
• AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT IS
CALLED AS JET STREAMS.
• IT IS LOCATED 27 DEGREE AND 30
DEGREE NORTH LATITUDE .
THEREFORE THEY ARE KNOWN AS
SUBTROPICAL WESTERLY JET
STREAMS.

13. DISTANCE FROM
SEA .
• LAND TO SEA
• ITS WHEN THE THE HOT WINDS
BLOW FRO LAND TO SEA. IN WHICH
HOT WINDS BLOW .
• SEA TO LAND
• ITS WHEN THE COLD WIND HIT THE
LAND AND GIVES PLENTY OF RAIN
AND HERE COLD WINDS BLOW.

14. OCEAN
CURRENTS
• OCEAN CURRENTS ALONG WITH
THE ONSHORE WIND EFFECT THE
CLIMATE OF THE COSTAL
REGIONS .
• FOR EXAMPLE , WHEN HOT WINDS
BLOW THE CURRENT ALSO GETS
HEATED UP AND AT THE SHORE WE
RECEIVE HOT CURRENTS.
• AND WHEN COLD WINDS BLOW
THE CURRENTS BECOME COOL
AND AT THE SHORE WE RECEIVE
COOL CURRENTS.

15. RELIEF
FEATURES.

16. WESTERN CYCLONIC
DISTURBANCES .
• 'Western cyclonic disturbances' are
a weather phenomenon of the winters.
They are brought in by the westerly
flow from the Mediterranean region.
They usually influence the weather of
the north and north-western regions of
india. Tropical cyclones occur in oct
nov and dec . They mostly hit the lands
of tamil nadu ,andhra pradesh and
orissa .

18. INDIAN MONSOON
• THE CLIMATE OF INDIA IS
STRONGLY INFLUENCED BY
MONSOON WINDS.
• THE SAILORS WHO CAME TO
INDIA IN HISTORY WERE THE FIRST
TO NOTICE ABOUT THESE WINDS.

19. MONTH OF JANUARY

20. MONTH OF JUNE

21. THE ONSET AND
THE WITHDRAWAL
OF MONSOONS.
MONSOONS ARE ONT
STEADY THEY JUST MOVE
WHERE THE WINDS TAKE THEM .
ITS MAINLY OF 100-120 DAYS
THAT’S FROM JUNE TO
SEPTEMBER.
THIS IS KNOWN AS BURST OF
THE MONSOON.

22. DISTRIBUTION
• ITS MAINLY STARTS FROM JUNE AND
FIRST SHOWERS GOES TO KERLA AND
ITS KNOWN AS MANGO SHOWERS.
• THE WINDS
COME FROM PACIFIC OCEAN AND
JOINS INDIAN OCEAN AND DIVIDE INTO
ARABIAN SEA AND BAY OF BENGAL .

23. ONSET OR SOTH
WEST MONSOON

24. WITHDRAWAL OR
NORTH
EAST MONSOON.
• TAMIL NADU GETS MOST AMOUNT
OF RAINFALL IN THAT PERIOD OF
TIME.

25. THE SEASONS
• THERE ARE FOUR TYPES
OF SEASOND BUT IN THIS
CHAPTER WE WILL LEARN
ONLY 2 .
• HOT WEATHER SEASON
• COLD WEATHER SEASON.

26. COLD WEATHER SEASON (WINTER).
• IT BEGINS FROM NOVEMBER TO
FEBURY ONLY IN NORTH INDIA .
• TEMPERATRURES DECREASES
FROM SOUTH TO NORTH.
• DURINNG THIS SEASON TAMIL
NADU GETS HEAVY RAINFALL.
• IN THE NORTH THE CLIMATE WILL
BE HUMBLE AND PLEASANT WHLIE
IN SOUTH ITS DEVASTING..
• IN THIS SEASON RABI CROPS ARE
GROWN AND FARMERS WAIT FOR
MAHAWAT (THE SMALL AMOUNT OF
RAINFALL).

27. HOT WEATHER SEASON (SUMMER)
• IT BEGINS IN MARCH AND END IN MAY .
• TEMPERATURE DECREASES FROM
NORTH TO SOUTH .
• A STRIKING FEATURE NAMED LOO IS
A THREAT TO PEOPLE LIVING THAR
DESERT AS IT KILLS PERSONS.
• SOMETIMES IN MAY THE NORTHERN
INDIA GETS HEAVY RAINFALL AS THE
LAND GETS WARM AND ATTRACT ALL
WINDS TO IT.
• IN BENGAL ,KALBAISAKHI IS
A FESTIVAL,WHERE STROMS HIT THE
LAND.
• KERLA AND KARNATAKA, GETS SHOWERS
NAMED MANGO SHOWERS IN WHICH ALL
MANGOES RIPEN.

28. DISTRIBUTION OF
RAINFALL.
• WESTERN COAST AND NORTHEASTERN INDIA RECIVES MORE THAN 400CM RAINFALL
ANNUALLY.
• IN RAJASTHAN ,GUJRAT HARYANA AND PUNJAB RECIEVES LESS RAINFALL THAN THE FIRST
ONE.
• DECCAN PLATEAU ALSO GETS VERY LESS RAINFALL AND THE MAIN ONE IS SAHYADRIS.
• THE TALK IS TO SAY THAT WHERE THERE IS MORE RAIN THERE WILL BE FLOOD AND WHEN
LESS RAIN OCCURS THERE WILL DROUGHT .

30. CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER
• 1.) WHICH OF THE PLACES RECIEVES THE HIGHEST RAINFALL IN THE WORLD ?
• ANS) MAWSYNRAM
• 2.) THE WIND BLOWING IN THE NORTHERN PLAINS IS CALLED ?
• ANS.) LOO
• 3.)WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING CAUSES RAINFALL DURING WINTERS ?
• ANS) RETREATING MONSOON.
• 4.) MONSOON ARRIVES INDIA APPROX IN ?
• ANS). EARLY JUNE.
• 5.) WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLWING CHARACTERSTICS THE COLD WEATHER
SEASON IN INDIA ?
• ANS) COOL DAYS AND COLD NIGHTS.

31. THANK YOU
• DONE BY PRANAV
• CLASS 9
• SEC A
• SUB GEOGRAPHY