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Chapter - 6, Population, Geography, Social Science, Class 9

The document discusses population dynamics in India, highlighting that as of March 2011, India had a population of 1.21 billion, accounting for 17.5% of the world's population. It examines aspects such as population density, sex ratio, literacy rates, occupational structure, and health improvements, noting an overall trend toward decreasing birth rates and increased life expectancy. Additionally, it mentions the National Population Policy aimed at improving education, healthcare, and awareness of reproductive health.

Education◦
Chapter - 6 POPULATION Email for more PPTs at a very reasonable price. Email: parmarshivam105@gmail.com By Shivam Parmar (PPT Designer)
INTRODUCTION • Can you imagine a world without human beings? Who would have utilized resources and created the social and cultural environment? • The people are important to develop the economy and society. The people make the use resources and are themselves resources with varying quality.
POPULATION SIZE AND DISTRIBUTION • Uttar Pradesh accounts for about 16 percent of the country’s population. • India’s population as on March 2011 stood at 1210.6 million accounting for 17.5 percent of the world’s population. • Population density is calculated as the number of persons per unit area. Population density is affected by relief of the area.
TOTAL POPULATION 1210.6 million 17.5% world’s population on March 2011.
TOTAL AREA • 3.28 million sq. km. 2.4% of world’s area. • Rajasthan is the biggest state in terms in area has only 6% total population in India. • Most populous state - U.P. with 199 million people.
INDIA'S POPULATION DENSITY • Population Density of India in 2011- 382 persons per sq. km • Bihar highest density - 1102 persons per sq. km • Lowest Density Arunachal Pradesh - 17 persons per sq. km
POPULATION GROWTH AND PROCESSES OF POPULATION CHANGE • The numbers, distribution and composition of the population are constantly changing. • Growth of population refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a country/territory during a specific period of time.
• When more than a billion people increases even at lower rate, the total numbers added becomes very large. • The declining trend of the growth rate is indeed a positive indicator of the efforts of birth control. • The natural increases of population is the difference between birth rates and death rates.
WORKING AGE (15-59 YEARS) Economically productive and biologically reproductive comprise working population.
AGED (ABOVE 59 YEARS) Working voluntarily but not available for employment through recruitment.
SEX RATIO • Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per thousand males in the population. • The sex ratio in India has always remained unfavourable to females.
LITERACY RATES • A person of seven years of age or above who is able to read and write with a certain understanding is called a literate. • Literacy Rate in the country is - 73% as per the census of 2011. • Male literacy rate - 80.9% • Female literacy rate - 64.6%
OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURES • The distribution of the population according to different types of occupation is referred to as the occupational structure. • Primary activates include agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying etc.
• Secondary activities include manufacturing industry, building and construction work etc. • Tertiary activities include transport, communications, commerce administration and other services. • Population engaged in primary activities - 64% • Population in secondary activities - 13% • Population in tertiary activities - 20%
HEALTH • Sustained efforts of government programs have registered significant improvements in the health conditions of the Indian population. • Death Rates declined from 25 per 1000 population to 8.1 per 1000 in 2001.
Life expectancy at birth has increased from 36.7 years in 1951 to 64.7 year is 2011 It is a matter of concern that the per capital calorie consumption is much below the recommended level in India.
ADOLESCENT POPULATION • Adolescent population constitutes one fifth of the total population of India. • Adolescent population is grouped in the age group of 10 to 19 years.
NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY • The national population policy aims at providing free and compulsory education upto 14 years, reducing infant mortality rates to below 30 persons per 1000 live birth. • Achieving universal immunization of children against all vaccine preventable diseases, educating about the risks of unprotected sex, making contraceptive accessible.
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