1. Climate is defined as the average weather conditions in an area over many years, while microclimate refers to small areas with differing conditions. 2. Factors that influence climate include latitude, altitude, distance from large bodies of water, ocean currents, prevailing winds, and mountain ranges. 3. The main climate regions are tropical wet/dry, dry, temperate marine, temperate continental, and polar. Each has distinguishing characteristics like rainfall levels and seasonal patterns.

2. 1. ________-the average, year-after-year conditionsof temperature, precipitation, winds, andclouds in an areaclimate

3. 2. _____________- a small area with climate conditions that differ from those around itmicroclimate

4. 3. Factors that affect temperature:____________latitude

5. 1) _________- 66.5° to 90° latitudePolar zone2) ______________- between polar and tropical zonesTemperate zone 3) ___________- between equator and 23.5°Tropical zone

6. 3. Factors that affect temperature:B. ____________altitude

7. 3. Factors that affect temperature:C. _________________________ ________Distance from large bodies of water

8. 1)______________-areas that have climates that are moderated by the body of water nearbyMarine climates

9. 2) __________________- more extreme climates in inland areascontinental climate

10. 3. Factors that affect temperature:D. ___________________Ocean currentsEast coast- _______; west coast-______warmcold

11. 4. Factors that affect precipitation: A. _____________________Prevailing winds

12. B. Mountain ranges

13. 1) _________- side of mountain where rising air cools forming precipitationwindward

14. leeward2) _________- side of mountain where little precipitation falls

15. C. _________- sea and land breezes over a large region that change direction with the seasonsmonsoon

16. 5. The ________ are caused by the______ of Earth as it travels around the Sun.seasonstilt

17. 6. Climate regions

18. Tropical, rainy1) _________- tropical wet climatesrain forest

19. savanna2) ________- tropical wet-and-dry climates

20. B. Dry1) _______- arid regions that receive less than 25 centimeters of precipitation a yeardesert

21. 2) ________- a semiarid region with short grasses and low bushessteppe

22. C. Temperate Marine1) _________________- west coasts of continents from 40° N. or S. latitudeMarine west coast

23. 2) ______________- mild climate with cool rains in the winter and warm, dry summersMediterranean

24. 3) _________________- wet and warm, but may have cooler wintersHumid, subtropical

25. D. Temperate Continental1) _________________- constantly changing weather patterns; Midwest and Northeast USAHumid continental

26. 2) _________- short summers; long bitter winters; Alaska, N. Canadasubarctic

27. E. PolarIce cap1) _________- average temperature is always below freezing

28. 2) ______- northern Alaska, Canada, and Russia; ___________- permanently frozen tundra soiltundrapermafrost

33. Ice Age7. _________ time period when glaciers covered large parts of Earth’s surface

34. 8. Short-term climate changesA. ________-warm- water event in the Pacific Ocean El Niño

35. La NiñaB. ________- colder than normal waters in the Pacific Ocean

40. 9. ______________-gradual increase in the temperature of Earth’s atmosphereGlobal warming

42. CFC’s- chlorofluorocarbons10. ____________________-chemical compounds used in ________ and _______ that can damage the ozone layeraerosolscoolants

44. 11. _________________- occurs when water vapor and carbon dioxide _______________, which causes the atmosphere to _______greenhouse effectabsorbs radiationheat up

47. The End