Clauses and phrases
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The document discusses the differences between phrases and clauses. A phrase is a group of related words that does not contain both a subject and a verb, while a clause contains both a subject and a verb. Phrases cannot stand alone as sentences, but clauses can if they are independent clauses. There are two main types of clauses: independent clauses, which are complete sentences, and subordinate clauses, which need to be connected to an independent clause to be complete. Relative clauses are a type of subordinate clause that begin with relative pronouns like who, which, that, etc. The document provides examples of different clause and phrase structures.
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Clauses and phrases
- 2. Clauses phrases A phrase is a group of related words that does not include a subject or a verb, or both. A clause is a group of related words that contain both a subject and a verb/predicate. daliakunami@gmail.com
- 3. A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence. Clauses may be able to stand alone as a sentence Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 4. “On this bright and sunny Monday morning, we are going to tell you about Phrases and Clauses.” “Nobody really wants to listen to our presentation, but we’re making you anyway!” Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 5. Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. • I cannot move because my back hurts. • who was running really quickly • Josie could swim really quickly. • which was really smelly Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 6. Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. sentence • I cannot move because my back hurts. • who was running really quickly • Josie could swim really quickly. • which was really smelly Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 7. Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. sentence • I cannot move because my back hurts. sentence • who was running really quickly • Josie could swim really quickly. • which was really smelly Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 8. Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. sentence • I cannot move because my back hurts. sentence • who was running really quickly. clause • Josie could swim really quickly. • which was really smelly Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 9. Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. sentence • I cannot move because my back hurts. sentence • who was running really quickly. clause • Josie could swim really quickly. sentence • which was really smelly Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 10. Spot the sentences and clauses. • The woman ate her dinner quickly. sentence • I cannot move because my back hurts. sentence • who was running really quickly. clause • Josie could swim really quickly. sentence • which was really happy. clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 11. Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room 2.The cat went under the bed 3.Until next week 4.Quickly walking to the store 5.Yet they tried Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 12. Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room phrase 2.The cat went under the bed 3.Until next week 4.Quickly walking to the store 5.Yet they tried Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 13. Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room phrase 2.The cat went under the bed Clause 3.Until next week 4.Quickly walking to the store 5.Yet they tried Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 14. Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room phrase 2.The cat went under the bed Clause 3.Until next week phrase 4.Quickly walking to the store 5.Yet they tried Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 15. Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room phrase 2.The cat went under the bed Clause 3.Until next week phrase 4.Quickly walking to the store phrase 5.Yet they tried Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 16. Which of the following are phrases and clauses? 1.In my room phrase 2.The cat went under the bed Clause 3.Until next week phrase 4.Quickly walking to the store phrase 5.Yet they tried clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 17. Fill in the blanks: .1A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of ______ and does not contain both a _______ and a _______. .2A phrase ______ stand alone as a sentence .3A clause has both a _______ and a _______. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 18. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a _______ and a _______. 2. A phrase ______ stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a _______ and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 19. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a _______. 2. A phrase ______ stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a _______ and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 20. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb. 2. A phrase ______ stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a _______ and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 21. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb. 2. A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a _______ and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 22. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb. 2. A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a subject and a _______. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 23. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb. 2. A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a subject and a verb. 4. A clause _______ stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 24. Fill in the blanks: 1. A phrase is a group of related words that is used as a part of speech and does not contain both a subject and a verb. 2. A phrase cannot stand alone as a sentence 3. A clause has both a subject and a verb. 4. A clause can stand alone as a sentence if it’s an independent clause. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 25. How many types are there? Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 27. 1. Independent Is a complete sentence that MUST HAVE a subject and a verb which agree. It conveys a complete thought. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 28. 1. Independent The frustrated, irritated teachers finally understood the basic grammar concepts. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 29. 1. An Independent clause = Sentence Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 30. 2. Subordinate Dependent Fragment these cannot stand by themselves. They must be combined with an independent clause in order to make sense. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 31. 2. Subordinate Dependent fragment “We want you to listen to this presentation, because we think it will be useful to you.” Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 32. 2. Independent “We want you to listen to this presentation, because we think it will be useful to you.” 2. Subordinate Dependent Fragment “We want you to listen to this presentation, because we think it will be useful to you.” Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 33. How can you connect clauses? Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 36. Relative Pronouns Who Which That Whom whose Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective Relative adverbs When Where why It answers questions such as *which one? *what kind? *how many? Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 37. Examples: When we go to the movies, we always buy popcorn. Those are the two children who walked out of the store ………that helped us Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 38. NonesentialEssential You need it Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 39. NonesentialEssential Laura and her friend Juliette, who is the oldest of the two, enjoy spending time together. Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 40. NonesentialEssential Laura and her friend Juliette, who is the oldest of the two, enjoy spending time together. Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 41. NonesentialEssential Laura and her friend Juliette, who is the oldest of the two, enjoy spending time together. Dependent/(fragment)/Subordinate RELATIVE CLAUSES Adjective Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 43. John did his homework before he went to bed. Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 44. John did his homework before he went to bed. Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 45. If you help me, I will help you! Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 46. If you help me, I will help you! Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 47. She is very fit because she goes running every day. Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 48. She is very fit because she goes running every day. Identify the type of the clause Independent dependent Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 49. After the movie was over, we went out to eat. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 50. After the movie was over, we went out to eat. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 51. He doesn’t know what he’s going to do now Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 52. He doesn’t know what he’s going to do now Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 53. The kids who started out with the highest scores actually finished near the bottom. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 54. The kids who started out with the highest scores actually finished near the bottom. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 55. That history test, which was supposed to be so hard, turned out to be quite easy. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 56. That history test, which was supposed to be so hard, turned out to be quite easy. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 57. I won’t be able to go to college unless I get a good grade in chemistry. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 58. I won’t be able to go to college unless I get a good grade in chemistry. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 59. What I did yesterday is none of your business. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 60. What I did yesterday is none of your business. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 61. Whatever you want to do for your birthday is fine with me. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 62. Whatever you want to do for your birthday is fine with me. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 63. While the local people were trying to escape, the tsunami washed over their town. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 64. While the local people were trying to escape, the tsunami washed over their town. Identify the type of the clause Noun clause Adverb clause Relative ( adjective) clause Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 66. Noun Verb Preposition Appositives gerund infinitive Absolute Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 67. 1. Noun Phrase A complete subject with all its modifiers The frustrated, irritated teachers... • Noun: teachers • Modifiers: the, frustrated, irritated Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 68. 2. Preposition The frustrated, irritated teachers enrolled in Mr. Ruff’s “ Grammar for Dummies” class. • preposition - in • object of the preposition - class • modifiers – Mr. Ruff’s, “Grammar for Dummies” Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 69. Identify the prepositional phrase & the word it modifies. 1. Students in my class are intelligent, lovely people. 2. My cat with the blue eyes is named Baby. 3. There was only enough room for you. 4. The pants with big pockets look weird. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 70. Identify the prepositional phrase & the word it modifies. 1. Students in my class are intelligent, lovely people. 2. My cat with the blue eyes is named Baby. 3. There was only enough room for you. 4. The pants with big pockets look weird. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 71. Identify the prepositional phrase & the word it modifies. 1. Students in my class are intelligent, lovely people. 2. My cat with the blue eyes is named Baby. 3. There was only enough room for you. 4. The pants with big pockets look weird. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 72. Identify the prepositional phrase & the word it modifies. 1. Students in my class are intelligent, lovely people. 2. My cat with the blue eyes is named Baby. 3. There was only enough room for you. 4. The pants with big pockets look weird. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 73. Identify the prepositional phrase & the word it modifies. 1. Students in my class are intelligent, lovely people. 2. My cat with the blue eyes is named Baby. 3. There was only enough room for you. 4. The pants with big pockets look weird. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 74. 3. Appositives A noun phrase that renames the noun it follows. Brad Ruff, the grammar guru, empowers teachers. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 75. 4. Verb phrase Defined as a verb with all of its modifiers …would like to improve her grammar skills. • Verb phrase - would like to improve Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 76. Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase As a souvenir, Mary bought herself a beautiful, oval-shaped, soft pink pearl. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 77. Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase As a souvenir, Mary bought herself a beautiful, oval-shaped, soft pink pearl. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 78. Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase Once at the beach, they all settled down on lounge chairs. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 79. Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase Once at the beach, they all settled down on lounge chairs. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 80. Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase Patricia would have gone for a walk to explore the surroundings had others been interested. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 81. Noun VerbPrepositionAppositivesgerundinfinitiveAbsolute Identify the type of phrase Patricia would have gone for a walk to explore the surroundings had others been interested. Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com
- 83. Phrase Not a full sentence Not a complete thought Prepositional phrase Adjective phrase Adverb phrase Verb phrase Can have a subject or a verb or neither Clause Has a subject Has a verb Independent & Dependent=Subordinate Can express a complete thought Clauses Phrases daliakunami@gmail.com