CLASSIFYING ANIMALS AS TO THE
PRESENCE OF BACKBONE
VERTEBRATES
ANIMALS WITH BACKBONES ARE CALLED
VERTEBRATES.
FISHES, AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, AND
MAMMALS ALL HAVE BACKBONES AND
THEREFORE CLASSIFIED AS VERTEBRATES
INVERTEBRATES
ANIMALS WITHOUT BACKBONES ARE CALLED
INVERTEBRATES. WORMS, CLAMS, JELLYFISH,
FLIES, AND SPIDERS ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF
INVERTEBRATES.
CLASSIFYING THE VERTEBRATES
MAMMAL
MOST MAMMALS DO NOT LAY EGGS. THEY
GAVE BIRTH TO THEIR YOUNG. THEY FEED THEIR
YOUNG WITH MILK PRODUCED IN THE
MAMMARY GLANDS.
• EXAMPLES ARE DOGS, CATS, COWS, GOATS,
PIGS, ELEPHANTS
•
DUCK BILLED PLATYPUS MAMMAL THAT
LAYS EGG
BIRDS
BIRDS ARE COVERED WITH FEATHERS. THEY LAY
EGGS THAT HAVE FIRM SHELLS. ALL BIRDS HAVE
ONE PAIR OF FEET AND ONE PAIR OF WINGS.
EXAMPLES ARE HENS, EAGLE, HAWK, VULTURE,
OSTRICH AND KIWI
REPTILES
REPTILES HAVE BODIES THAT ARE COVERED WITH SCALES
OR PLATES. THEY LAYTHEIR EGGS ON LAND. THEY CAN LIVE ON
LAND AND ON WATER, CROCODILE AND TURTLES ARE
EXAMPLES OF REPTILES.
AMPHIBIANS
AMPHIBIANS SUCH AS FROGS AND
SALAMANDERS LIVE A DOUBLE LIFE.
THEY LIVE PART OF THEIR LIVES WHILE THEY ARE
YOUNG IN WATER. WHEN THEY MATURE, THEY
LIVE ON LAND TO SURVIVE. ALL AMPHIBIANS LAY
EGGS ON WATER.
FISH
MOST FISH ARE COVERED WITH SCALES. SOME ARE EGG
LAYERS; OTHERS ARE LIVE BEARES. THEY SPEND ALL OF
THEIR LIVES IN WATER. FISH HAVE GILLS WHICH ARE USED
FOR BREATHING.
CLASSIFYING INVERTEBRATES

PHYLUM
PORIFERA

COMMON
NAME
SPONGES

DISTINGUISHING
CHARACTERISTICS

PORE-BEARING
ANIMALS
PHYLUM
CNIDARIA

COMMON
NAME
HYDRAS

DISTINGUISHING
CHARACTERISTICS

HOLLOW
INTESTINED
ANIMALS
PHYLUM

COMMON
NAME

DISTINGUISHING
CHARACTERISTIC
S

FLATTENED
PLATYHELMINTHES FLATWORMS ELONGATED
WORMLIKE
ANIMALS
PHYLUM

ANNELIDS

COMMON NAME

EARTHWORMS
LEECHES

DISTINGUISHING
CHARACTERISTICS

ELONGATED
WORMLIKE
ANIMALS WITH
EXTERNALLY
EVIDENT
SEGMENTATION
PHYLUM

MOLLUSK

COMMON NAME

DISTINGUISHING
CHARACTERISTICS

SNAILS, CLAMS
SQUIDS

SOFT BODIED
ANIMALS USUALLY
LIVING IN A SHELL
OR EXOSKELETONS
PHYLUM

COMMON NAME

NEMATODES ROUNDWORMS

DISTINGUISHING
CHARACTERISTICS

ELONGATED,
UNSEGMENTED,
WORMLIKE
ANIMALS.
THREADLIKE
ANIMALS
PHYLUM

ANTROPHODS

COMMON
NAME

DISTINGUISHING
CHARACTERISTICS

INSECTS
CRABS
SPIDERS
CENTIPEDES

SEGMENTED
ANIMALS WITH
HARDENED OUTER
SKELETON AND
JOINTED
APPENDAGES
PHYLUM

COMMON
NAME

STARFISH
ECHINODERMS SEA URCHIN

DISTINGUISHING
CHARACTERISTICS

SPINY-SKINNED
ANIMALS

Classifying animals as to the presence of backbone