This document classifies livestock feed and forages into several categories: cultivated fodder including green/succulent, dry, and supplements/additives; natural vegetation including grasslands, pasture, and trees; concentrates that are rich in carbohydrates, protein, or both moderate; and roughages versus concentrates based on their crude fiber and nutrient content. It further categorizes roughages into maintenance type for cereal fodder and hay, production type for leguminous fodder and hay, and sustenance type for straw and stovers based on their digestible crude protein percentage.

1. CLASSIFICATION OF
FEED AND FORAGES
Dr Rameswar Panda
Teaching Assistant
Department of Livestock Production
Management
College of Veterinary Science, Hyderabad, India

2. Common
livestock feed
Cultivated
fodder
Green
/succulent
Dry
Supplements
and additives
Natural
vegetation
1.Grassland
2.Pasture
3. Trees

3. Green/succulent
Fodder crops
Silage
Grasses
Fodder trees
Leguminous
Non leguminous

4. Dry
Straws
Stovers
Silage

5. Concentrates
Rich in
Carbohydrate
Rich in
Protein
Both
moderate

6. Rich in
Carbohydrate
Grains
Millets

7. Rich in
protein
Oil cake
Animal
protein

8. Both
Moderate
Gram
Pulses
Bran

9. ROUGHAGE
 More than 18%
crude fibers
 More Nutrients per
unit weight.

10. CONCENTRATES
 Crude fiber more
than 18%
 More nutrients per
unit weight

11. MAINTANCE TYPE
 Roughage having 2-
3% digestible crude
protein
 Ex- cereal fodder
and their hay,gram

12. PRODUCTION TYPE
 Roughage having
DCP more than 3%.
 Ex- leguminous
fodder and their hay

13. SUSTENANCE TYPE
 Roughage having
DCP below 2%
 Ex- straw and
stovers