Class 8 IAshhjjj3hwjkwkwmmdjjsignment Problem.pptx
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•1 view
Vghjjjb huujs iihh
Report
Share
Report
Share
![WHAT IS THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM?
• THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM IS A FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT IN SCHEDULING. IMAGINE YOU
HAVE A TEAM OF WORKERS AND A SET OF TASKS THAT NEED TO BE COMPLETED. EACH
WORKER HAS VARYING SKILLSETS AND EFFICIENCIES WHEN IT COMES TO EACH TASK. THE
ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM HELPS US DETERMINE THE OPTIMAL WAY TO ASSIGN THESE TASKS TO
WORKERS, ENSURING THAT THE TOTAL COST (TIME, MONEY, ETC.) OF COMPLETING ALL TASKS
IS MINIMIZED. HERE, WE HAVE TWO KEY CONSTRAINTS: EACH WORKER CAN ONLY HANDLE
ONE TASK AT A TIME, AND EACH TASK CAN ONLY BE ASSIGNED TO ONE WORKER.
• THE CELLS IN THE TABLE CONTAIN NUMBERS, REPRESENTING THE COST OF EACH WORKER
COMPLETING EACH JOB]
* AN OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM IN SCHEDULING.
* INVOLVES ASSIGNING RESOURCES (PEOPLE, MACHINES) TO TASKS.
* GOAL: MINIMIZE TOTAL COST (OR MAXIMIZE TOTAL PROFIT) OF ASSIGNMENTS.
* EACH RESOURCE CAN ONLY BE ASSIGNED ONE TASK.
* EACH TASK CAN ONLY BE ASSIGNED TO ONE RESOURCE.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
Cost accounting
This document provides definitions and explanations of key concepts in cost accounting. It defines cost, costing, cost accounting, and cost accountancy according to the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants. It also defines and explains concepts like cost centers, cost units, profit centers, cost control, cost reduction techniques, and the differences between cost and profit centers. The document was prepared by Dr. R. Sridevi and provides an introduction to foundational cost accounting terminology and principles.
FORECASTING METHODS.pptx
This document discusses various forecasting and cost analysis methods. It defines forecasting as projecting future variables to cope with uncertainty. Demand forecasting is important for existing and new products. Methods for existing products include opinion polls, consumer and sales force surveys, and experts' opinions. Regression, barometric, and simultaneous equation techniques are used for new products. Cost concepts covered include fixed, variable, marginal, average, opportunity and replacement costs. Short and long-run cost curves and relationships between costs and output are explained. Methods for estimating these relationships include accounting, engineering and econometric approaches.
Machine Learning Unit 4 Semester 3 MSc IT Part 2 Mumbai University
Machine Learning Unit 1 Semester 3 MSc IT Part 2 Mumbai University AI Track. This is the ppt made by me for teaching ML in October 2020
Disruption, Innovation and Risk
This document discusses disruption and how to anticipate and manage it. It defines disruption as changes in the marketplace that affect players, interactions, and functions by creating new levels of low-cost and novel solutions. While some changes in business models are difficult to anticipate, changes in technology that enable new levels of performance can be scanned for trends. The document suggests that the most optimal disruptors are new ventures focused on the opportunity without constraints of existing customers. It provides tips for managing innovation risk through mitigation strategies and lean startup approaches, as well as managing an innovation portfolio that assumes most projects will fail.
Regression
The document discusses linear regression, which is a simple machine learning algorithm that lays the foundation for other algorithms. It finds the relationship between one or more independent variables and a continuous dependent variable. The objective is to find the "best fit line" that minimizes the residual sum of squares between predicted and actual values. Gradient descent is used as the optimization algorithm to iteratively adjust parameters and reduce the cost function until convergence is reached. Root mean squared error and R2 score are common metrics used to evaluate model performance.
methods of determining cost behaviour.pptx
Methods of Determining cost behavior
Judgment based methods
Industrial engineering method
Account analysis method
Quantitative methods
High-Low method
Scatter plot method
Least square method
Judgment based method
1. Industrial Engineering Method
Physical observation and analysis
Time and motion study
Very expensive to implement
Seldom updated once they are done
Mostly used in manufacturing process where there is a direct link between materials and labour inputs with the outputs.
Can be applied to new processes and designs
Less useful in case of costing services
Account analysis method
Costs are classified into fixed, variable and mixed costs
Accountant uses judgment and experience to separate the accounts into two categories – Fixed and variable
Once the fixed categories are known, the monthly cost can be computed and this is the fixed amount.
The variable categories need to be further separated into categories according to the driver the accountant wishes to associate with the account
Quantitative methods
1. High-Low method:
The high-low method preselects the two points that are used to compute the parameters F ( Fixed cost) and V ( variable cost).
High point is the point with the highest output or driver level.
Low point is the point with the lowest output or driver level.
High and low point determined by the independent variable
1.Determine high and low point
The high number of moves is in May and the low number of moves is in January.
2. Calculate the variable rate for materials handling based on the number of moves.
Variable rate = ( High cost – Low cost)/ ( High moves- Low moves)
= ($7,500- $2,000)/ (500-100)
= $13.75 per move
3. Calculate the fixed monthly cost of material handling
Fixed cost= Total cost – ( Variable rate * moves)
= $7500 –($13.75*500)
=$625
4. Write the cost formula for the material handling activity showing the fixed cost and the variable rate.
Total cost = Fixed cost + Variable cost (X)
X= No of moves
Total cost = $625+$13.75(x)
5. If company estimates that Nov. will have 350 moves, what is the total estimated materials handling cost for that month?
Material handling cost = $625 +$13.75(350)
= $ 5,437.50
6. If the company wants to estimate the materials handling cost for the coming year and expects 3,940 moves, what will be the material handling cost?
12($625)+$13.75(3940)
= $61,675
2. Scatter plot method
Plot the data points so that the relationship between materials handling costs and activity output can be seen.
Scatter point can provide insight concerning the relationship between cost and output by allowing one to visually fit a line to the points on the scatter graph.
3. Method of Least Square
Method of least square identifies the best-fitting line.
With the help of this line cost can be estimated.
Method of least square is also statistically called as regression model.
Learning curve and Nonlinear cost behaviour
Learning curve is an important type of nonlinear cost curve
information retrieval project
This document proposes a model to automatically rank CVs based on a job description by analyzing text and finding similarities between the description and CVs. It involves preprocessing texts by summarization, tokenization, normalization, spelling correction, and semantic analysis using dynamic programming. Machine learning classifiers like nearest neighbor with cosine similarity and one-class SVM are then used to retrieve the most relevant CVs, which are ranked and displayed. The model was tested on sample data and nearest neighbor with cosine similarity performed best.
Facility location of services
The document provides an overview of facility location planning, including quantitative methods and models used to determine optimal locations. It discusses factors that influence facility location such as market proximity, transportation, labor, and government policies. Location models addressed include single facility problems that aim to minimize maximum distance, and multiple facility problems formulated as set covering problems to minimize the number of facilities needed. Quantitative techniques include break-even analysis, center of gravity models, and solving location problems on lines and planes using median and gravity center approaches.
Recommended
Cost accounting
This document provides definitions and explanations of key concepts in cost accounting. It defines cost, costing, cost accounting, and cost accountancy according to the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants. It also defines and explains concepts like cost centers, cost units, profit centers, cost control, cost reduction techniques, and the differences between cost and profit centers. The document was prepared by Dr. R. Sridevi and provides an introduction to foundational cost accounting terminology and principles.
FORECASTING METHODS.pptx
This document discusses various forecasting and cost analysis methods. It defines forecasting as projecting future variables to cope with uncertainty. Demand forecasting is important for existing and new products. Methods for existing products include opinion polls, consumer and sales force surveys, and experts' opinions. Regression, barometric, and simultaneous equation techniques are used for new products. Cost concepts covered include fixed, variable, marginal, average, opportunity and replacement costs. Short and long-run cost curves and relationships between costs and output are explained. Methods for estimating these relationships include accounting, engineering and econometric approaches.
Machine Learning Unit 4 Semester 3 MSc IT Part 2 Mumbai University
Machine Learning Unit 1 Semester 3 MSc IT Part 2 Mumbai University AI Track. This is the ppt made by me for teaching ML in October 2020
Disruption, Innovation and Risk
This document discusses disruption and how to anticipate and manage it. It defines disruption as changes in the marketplace that affect players, interactions, and functions by creating new levels of low-cost and novel solutions. While some changes in business models are difficult to anticipate, changes in technology that enable new levels of performance can be scanned for trends. The document suggests that the most optimal disruptors are new ventures focused on the opportunity without constraints of existing customers. It provides tips for managing innovation risk through mitigation strategies and lean startup approaches, as well as managing an innovation portfolio that assumes most projects will fail.
Regression
The document discusses linear regression, which is a simple machine learning algorithm that lays the foundation for other algorithms. It finds the relationship between one or more independent variables and a continuous dependent variable. The objective is to find the "best fit line" that minimizes the residual sum of squares between predicted and actual values. Gradient descent is used as the optimization algorithm to iteratively adjust parameters and reduce the cost function until convergence is reached. Root mean squared error and R2 score are common metrics used to evaluate model performance.
methods of determining cost behaviour.pptx
Methods of Determining cost behavior
Judgment based methods
Industrial engineering method
Account analysis method
Quantitative methods
High-Low method
Scatter plot method
Least square method
Judgment based method
1. Industrial Engineering Method
Physical observation and analysis
Time and motion study
Very expensive to implement
Seldom updated once they are done
Mostly used in manufacturing process where there is a direct link between materials and labour inputs with the outputs.
Can be applied to new processes and designs
Less useful in case of costing services
Account analysis method
Costs are classified into fixed, variable and mixed costs
Accountant uses judgment and experience to separate the accounts into two categories – Fixed and variable
Once the fixed categories are known, the monthly cost can be computed and this is the fixed amount.
The variable categories need to be further separated into categories according to the driver the accountant wishes to associate with the account
Quantitative methods
1. High-Low method:
The high-low method preselects the two points that are used to compute the parameters F ( Fixed cost) and V ( variable cost).
High point is the point with the highest output or driver level.
Low point is the point with the lowest output or driver level.
High and low point determined by the independent variable
1.Determine high and low point
The high number of moves is in May and the low number of moves is in January.
2. Calculate the variable rate for materials handling based on the number of moves.
Variable rate = ( High cost – Low cost)/ ( High moves- Low moves)
= ($7,500- $2,000)/ (500-100)
= $13.75 per move
3. Calculate the fixed monthly cost of material handling
Fixed cost= Total cost – ( Variable rate * moves)
= $7500 –($13.75*500)
=$625
4. Write the cost formula for the material handling activity showing the fixed cost and the variable rate.
Total cost = Fixed cost + Variable cost (X)
X= No of moves
Total cost = $625+$13.75(x)
5. If company estimates that Nov. will have 350 moves, what is the total estimated materials handling cost for that month?
Material handling cost = $625 +$13.75(350)
= $ 5,437.50
6. If the company wants to estimate the materials handling cost for the coming year and expects 3,940 moves, what will be the material handling cost?
12($625)+$13.75(3940)
= $61,675
2. Scatter plot method
Plot the data points so that the relationship between materials handling costs and activity output can be seen.
Scatter point can provide insight concerning the relationship between cost and output by allowing one to visually fit a line to the points on the scatter graph.
3. Method of Least Square
Method of least square identifies the best-fitting line.
With the help of this line cost can be estimated.
Method of least square is also statistically called as regression model.
Learning curve and Nonlinear cost behaviour
Learning curve is an important type of nonlinear cost curve
information retrieval project
This document proposes a model to automatically rank CVs based on a job description by analyzing text and finding similarities between the description and CVs. It involves preprocessing texts by summarization, tokenization, normalization, spelling correction, and semantic analysis using dynamic programming. Machine learning classifiers like nearest neighbor with cosine similarity and one-class SVM are then used to retrieve the most relevant CVs, which are ranked and displayed. The model was tested on sample data and nearest neighbor with cosine similarity performed best.
Facility location of services
The document provides an overview of facility location planning, including quantitative methods and models used to determine optimal locations. It discusses factors that influence facility location such as market proximity, transportation, labor, and government policies. Location models addressed include single facility problems that aim to minimize maximum distance, and multiple facility problems formulated as set covering problems to minimize the number of facilities needed. Quantitative techniques include break-even analysis, center of gravity models, and solving location problems on lines and planes using median and gravity center approaches.
Unit costing
Determining Unit Cost
TRADITIONAL UNIT-COSTING METHODS
Direct-material-cost method
Direct-labor-hour method
Direct-labor-cost method
ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING
Standard costing
Standard costing involves setting standard costs for materials, labor, and overhead and comparing actual costs to standards. Variances between standard and actual costs are analyzed to evaluate performance and control costs. Standards can be set using historical cost analysis, engineering studies, or a combination. Cost variances are categorized as controllable or uncontrollable to help management identify areas for improvement.
NMIT-SUPPLY-CHAIN-MANAGEMENT-Lesson4
The document discusses logistics methodology, specifically aggregation and validation techniques. It explains that aggregation involves combining individual customer data points into zones to simplify demand forecasting and supply chain planning. The key benefits of aggregation include reduced data management costs and model complexity without significant loss of accuracy. The document also outlines different factors that impact the efficiency of aggregation such as the number of zones and customer distribution.
SCM metrics.pptx
The document discusses key drivers and performance metrics for supply chain management. It identifies the major drivers as facilities, inventory, transportation, information, sourcing, and pricing. For each driver, it describes the role in the supply chain and competitive strategy, components of decisions, and relevant metrics. A main trade-off discussed is between responsiveness and efficiency, where decisions can impact both the supply chain's cost and ability to respond to demands.
Cost classification
This document discusses cost classification concepts in managerial accounting. It defines cost as a sacrifice of resources measured monetarily. Management accountants pay attention to costs for planning, evaluation, and decision making. Costs can be classified in various ways depending on their intended use, including by manufacturing vs. non-manufacturing, traceability, behavior, and controllability. Common classifications include direct/indirect materials, direct/indirect labor, variable/fixed, and controllable/uncontrollable costs. Techniques for estimating the fixed and variable components of mixed costs include account analysis, scatter graph, high-low method, and regression analysis. Cost behavior is only valid within a relevant range of activity levels.
STUDY ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT THROUGH GENETIC ALGORITHM
This document describes using a genetic algorithm to solve resource constrained project scheduling problems. It begins with an introduction explaining that planning and scheduling projects involves managing many possible solutions and resource allocations. It then provides sections on genetic algorithms, the basic genetic algorithm process, and why genetic algorithms are suitable for this type of optimization problem. The document outlines the general formulation of resource constrained project scheduling as a linear programming problem and provides an example problem scenario. It includes flowcharts and discusses implementing the proposed genetic algorithm solution methodology.
Amortized analysis
Amortized analysis gives the average performance of algorithms over many operations, rather than analyzing each operation individually. There are three main methods: aggregate analysis assigns costs to operations to find an upper bound cost; accounting assigns costs but allows "credits" from low-cost operations to pay for high-cost ones; potential assigns costs and uses potential energy differences rather than credits. Examples discussed include binary and binomial heaps, randomized quicksort, and approximation algorithms for NP-complete problems that provide fast, near-optimal solutions.
Demand forecasting
a complete presentation that cover all topics refering various sites and reknowned books.. hope will help you all
Finance in the Hospitality Industry.pdf
The document provides information on finance in the hospitality industry. It discusses various topics related to financial accounting and management accounting that are important for those seeking a career in this field. It outlines several tasks assessing learner knowledge of sources of finance, budgeting, variance analysis, financial statements, and break-even analysis. Learners are to complete the tasks in a business report style demonstrating understanding of key concepts and application of analytical techniques.
Models of aggregate planning
This document discusses models of aggregate planning. It describes the objectives of aggregate planning as minimizing costs and maximizing profits, customer service, and utilization of resources. It outlines the aggregate planning process and factors that must be considered from different business functions. The document then explains different strategies for aggregate planning like chase, level, and mixed strategies. It also discusses techniques used in aggregate planning like trial and error, linear programming, linear decision rules, and yield management.
Regional 6
1. The document discusses several theories of industrial location including Weber's model, Bid Rent theory, and Losch's market area analysis.
2. Weber's model proposes that industries locate based on minimizing costs of transportation, labor, and agglomeration. Bid Rent theory explains how land values decline with distance from the central business district due to increasing transportation costs.
3. Losch's market area analysis focuses on maximizing sales volume and profit by locating within the range of the market demand cone centered around population centers.
Overview on Location Decisions
Major factors affecting decisions , major methods of evaluating location , Examples , Location options ,
activity_based_costing power point presentation
Activity-based costing (ABC) is a costing method that assigns overhead and indirect costs to related products and services. This accounting method of costing recognizes the relationship between costs, overhead activities, and manufactured products, assigning indirect costs to products less arbitrarily than traditional costing methods. However, some indirect costs, such as management and office staff salaries, are difficult to assign to a product.
Activity-based costing (ABC) is mostly used in the manufacturing industry since it enhances the reliability of cost data, hence producing nearly true costs and better classifying the costs incurred by the company during its production process.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Activity-based costing (ABC) is a method of assigning overhead and indirect costs—such as salaries and utilities—to products and services.
The ABC system of cost accounting is based on activities, which are considered any event, unit of work, or task with a specific goal.
An activity is a cost driver, such as purchase orders or machine setups.
The cost driver rate, which is the cost pool total divided by cost driver, is used to calculate the amount of overhead and indirect costs related to a particular activity.
ABC is used to get a better grasp on costs, allowing companies to form a more appropriate pricing strategy.
This costing system is used in target costing, product costing, product line profitability analysis, customer profitability analysis, and service pricing. Activity-based costing is used to get a better grasp on costs, allowing companies to form a more appropriate pricing strategy.
The formula for activity-based costing is the cost pool total divided by cost driver, which yields the cost driver rate. The cost driver rate is used in activity-based costing to calculate the amount of overhead and indirect costs related to a particular activity.
The ABC calculation is as follows:
Identify all the activities required to create the product.
Divide the activities into cost pools, which includes all the individual costs related to an activity—such as manufacturing. Calculate the total overhead of each cost pool.
Assign each cost pool activity cost drivers, such as hours or units.
Calculate the cost driver rate by dividing the total overhead in each cost pool by the total cost drivers.
Divide the total overhead of each cost pool by the total cost drivers to get the cost driver rate.
Multiply the cost driver rate by the number of cost drivers.
As an activity-based costing example, consider Company ABC that has a $50,000 per year electricity bill. The number of labor hours has a direct impact on the electric bill. For the year, there were 2,500 labor hours worked, which in this example is the cost driver. Calculating the cost driver rate is done by dividing the $50,000 a year electric bill by the 2,500 hours, yielding a cost driver rate of $20. For Product XYZ, the company uses electricity for 10 hours.
QUEUEING THEORY
PRESENTATION ON QUEUEING THEORY
(BY SRISHTI JAIN AND MANSI ARORA _STATISTICS HONS 3rd YEAR_ RLA-DU)
linearprogramingproblemlpp-180729145239.pptx
The document summarizes key concepts regarding linear programming problems. It discusses:
1. Linear programming problems aim to optimize an objective function subject to constraints. They can model many practical operations research problems.
2. The document provides an example problem of determining production levels to maximize profit. It demonstrates formulating the problem as a mathematical model and solving it graphically and with the simplex method.
3. The simplex method solves linear programming problems by examining vertex points of the feasible solution space. It involves setting up the problem in standard form and using minimum ratio and pivot element calculations to systematically search for an optimal solution.
Facility location
The document discusses physical distribution and transportation management for logistics and supply chain management. It describes the center of gravity method, which is a mathematical technique used to find an optimal facility location that minimizes distribution costs. An example is provided showing hypothetical location data and calculations to determine the center of gravity and optimal location coordinates. Advantages of the method include simplicity and ease of use for large problems, while disadvantages include limitations for some real-world situations.
Mb0048 operations research
Dear students get fully solved assignments
Send your semester & Specialization name to our mail id :
help.mbaassignments@gmail.com
or
call us at : 08263069601
Queueing Theory and its BusinessS Applications
Queueing Theory is the mathematical study of waiting lines in systems where demand for service exceeds the available resources. A pioneer in the field was Agner Krarup Erlang who applied its principles to telecommunications. The document discusses key concepts in queueing theory including arrival and service processes, queue configurations, performance measures and examples of real-world applications. It also covers limitations of classical queueing models in fully representing complex real systems.
Waiting lines
The document discusses queuing theory and waiting lines. It defines queuing theory as a mathematical approach to analyzing waiting lines. The goal is to minimize customer wait costs and service capacity costs. Having too few servers can lead to long wait times and lost customers, while having too many servers increases costs. The optimal solution balances these factors. Industrial applications are given showing how more tool crib attendants can reduce lost employee time despite higher attendant costs. Queuing models are explained for situations like multiple server lines.
Case study an overview
1. The document discusses the rapid growth of the grey market for computers in India between 1993-1998. Sales in the Delhi area grew from 0.5 lakh rupees in 1993 to 125 lakh rupees in 1998, exhibiting phenomenal growth.
2. This growth is attributed to the cheap availability of hardware components and pirated software in the grey market, which are very attractive to consumers. Someone with basic knowledge can get good deals in the grey market.
3. Unless the government implements strict anti-piracy rules, the trend of high growth in the grey market is expected to continue. Projecting the growth, sales could reach
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
In the recent edition, The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024, The Silicon Leaders magazine gladly features Dejan Štancer, President of the Global Chamber of Business Leaders (GCBL), along with other leaders.
Building Your Employer Brand with Social Media
Presented at The Global HR Summit, 6th June 2024
In this keynote, Luan Wise will provide invaluable insights to elevate your employer brand on social media platforms including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok. You'll learn how compelling content can authentically showcase your company culture, values, and employee experiences to support your talent acquisition and retention objectives. Additionally, you'll understand the power of employee advocacy to amplify reach and engagement – helping to position your organization as an employer of choice in today's competitive talent landscape.
More Related Content
Similar to Class 8 IAshhjjj3hwjkwkwmmdjjsignment Problem.pptx
Unit costing
Determining Unit Cost
TRADITIONAL UNIT-COSTING METHODS
Direct-material-cost method
Direct-labor-hour method
Direct-labor-cost method
ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING
Standard costing
Standard costing involves setting standard costs for materials, labor, and overhead and comparing actual costs to standards. Variances between standard and actual costs are analyzed to evaluate performance and control costs. Standards can be set using historical cost analysis, engineering studies, or a combination. Cost variances are categorized as controllable or uncontrollable to help management identify areas for improvement.
NMIT-SUPPLY-CHAIN-MANAGEMENT-Lesson4
The document discusses logistics methodology, specifically aggregation and validation techniques. It explains that aggregation involves combining individual customer data points into zones to simplify demand forecasting and supply chain planning. The key benefits of aggregation include reduced data management costs and model complexity without significant loss of accuracy. The document also outlines different factors that impact the efficiency of aggregation such as the number of zones and customer distribution.
SCM metrics.pptx
The document discusses key drivers and performance metrics for supply chain management. It identifies the major drivers as facilities, inventory, transportation, information, sourcing, and pricing. For each driver, it describes the role in the supply chain and competitive strategy, components of decisions, and relevant metrics. A main trade-off discussed is between responsiveness and efficiency, where decisions can impact both the supply chain's cost and ability to respond to demands.
Cost classification
This document discusses cost classification concepts in managerial accounting. It defines cost as a sacrifice of resources measured monetarily. Management accountants pay attention to costs for planning, evaluation, and decision making. Costs can be classified in various ways depending on their intended use, including by manufacturing vs. non-manufacturing, traceability, behavior, and controllability. Common classifications include direct/indirect materials, direct/indirect labor, variable/fixed, and controllable/uncontrollable costs. Techniques for estimating the fixed and variable components of mixed costs include account analysis, scatter graph, high-low method, and regression analysis. Cost behavior is only valid within a relevant range of activity levels.
STUDY ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT THROUGH GENETIC ALGORITHM
This document describes using a genetic algorithm to solve resource constrained project scheduling problems. It begins with an introduction explaining that planning and scheduling projects involves managing many possible solutions and resource allocations. It then provides sections on genetic algorithms, the basic genetic algorithm process, and why genetic algorithms are suitable for this type of optimization problem. The document outlines the general formulation of resource constrained project scheduling as a linear programming problem and provides an example problem scenario. It includes flowcharts and discusses implementing the proposed genetic algorithm solution methodology.
Amortized analysis
Amortized analysis gives the average performance of algorithms over many operations, rather than analyzing each operation individually. There are three main methods: aggregate analysis assigns costs to operations to find an upper bound cost; accounting assigns costs but allows "credits" from low-cost operations to pay for high-cost ones; potential assigns costs and uses potential energy differences rather than credits. Examples discussed include binary and binomial heaps, randomized quicksort, and approximation algorithms for NP-complete problems that provide fast, near-optimal solutions.
Demand forecasting
a complete presentation that cover all topics refering various sites and reknowned books.. hope will help you all
Finance in the Hospitality Industry.pdf
The document provides information on finance in the hospitality industry. It discusses various topics related to financial accounting and management accounting that are important for those seeking a career in this field. It outlines several tasks assessing learner knowledge of sources of finance, budgeting, variance analysis, financial statements, and break-even analysis. Learners are to complete the tasks in a business report style demonstrating understanding of key concepts and application of analytical techniques.
Models of aggregate planning
This document discusses models of aggregate planning. It describes the objectives of aggregate planning as minimizing costs and maximizing profits, customer service, and utilization of resources. It outlines the aggregate planning process and factors that must be considered from different business functions. The document then explains different strategies for aggregate planning like chase, level, and mixed strategies. It also discusses techniques used in aggregate planning like trial and error, linear programming, linear decision rules, and yield management.
Regional 6
1. The document discusses several theories of industrial location including Weber's model, Bid Rent theory, and Losch's market area analysis.
2. Weber's model proposes that industries locate based on minimizing costs of transportation, labor, and agglomeration. Bid Rent theory explains how land values decline with distance from the central business district due to increasing transportation costs.
3. Losch's market area analysis focuses on maximizing sales volume and profit by locating within the range of the market demand cone centered around population centers.
Overview on Location Decisions
Major factors affecting decisions , major methods of evaluating location , Examples , Location options ,
activity_based_costing power point presentation
Activity-based costing (ABC) is a costing method that assigns overhead and indirect costs to related products and services. This accounting method of costing recognizes the relationship between costs, overhead activities, and manufactured products, assigning indirect costs to products less arbitrarily than traditional costing methods. However, some indirect costs, such as management and office staff salaries, are difficult to assign to a product.
Activity-based costing (ABC) is mostly used in the manufacturing industry since it enhances the reliability of cost data, hence producing nearly true costs and better classifying the costs incurred by the company during its production process.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Activity-based costing (ABC) is a method of assigning overhead and indirect costs—such as salaries and utilities—to products and services.
The ABC system of cost accounting is based on activities, which are considered any event, unit of work, or task with a specific goal.
An activity is a cost driver, such as purchase orders or machine setups.
The cost driver rate, which is the cost pool total divided by cost driver, is used to calculate the amount of overhead and indirect costs related to a particular activity.
ABC is used to get a better grasp on costs, allowing companies to form a more appropriate pricing strategy.
This costing system is used in target costing, product costing, product line profitability analysis, customer profitability analysis, and service pricing. Activity-based costing is used to get a better grasp on costs, allowing companies to form a more appropriate pricing strategy.
The formula for activity-based costing is the cost pool total divided by cost driver, which yields the cost driver rate. The cost driver rate is used in activity-based costing to calculate the amount of overhead and indirect costs related to a particular activity.
The ABC calculation is as follows:
Identify all the activities required to create the product.
Divide the activities into cost pools, which includes all the individual costs related to an activity—such as manufacturing. Calculate the total overhead of each cost pool.
Assign each cost pool activity cost drivers, such as hours or units.
Calculate the cost driver rate by dividing the total overhead in each cost pool by the total cost drivers.
Divide the total overhead of each cost pool by the total cost drivers to get the cost driver rate.
Multiply the cost driver rate by the number of cost drivers.
As an activity-based costing example, consider Company ABC that has a $50,000 per year electricity bill. The number of labor hours has a direct impact on the electric bill. For the year, there were 2,500 labor hours worked, which in this example is the cost driver. Calculating the cost driver rate is done by dividing the $50,000 a year electric bill by the 2,500 hours, yielding a cost driver rate of $20. For Product XYZ, the company uses electricity for 10 hours.
QUEUEING THEORY
PRESENTATION ON QUEUEING THEORY
(BY SRISHTI JAIN AND MANSI ARORA _STATISTICS HONS 3rd YEAR_ RLA-DU)
linearprogramingproblemlpp-180729145239.pptx
The document summarizes key concepts regarding linear programming problems. It discusses:
1. Linear programming problems aim to optimize an objective function subject to constraints. They can model many practical operations research problems.
2. The document provides an example problem of determining production levels to maximize profit. It demonstrates formulating the problem as a mathematical model and solving it graphically and with the simplex method.
3. The simplex method solves linear programming problems by examining vertex points of the feasible solution space. It involves setting up the problem in standard form and using minimum ratio and pivot element calculations to systematically search for an optimal solution.
Facility location
The document discusses physical distribution and transportation management for logistics and supply chain management. It describes the center of gravity method, which is a mathematical technique used to find an optimal facility location that minimizes distribution costs. An example is provided showing hypothetical location data and calculations to determine the center of gravity and optimal location coordinates. Advantages of the method include simplicity and ease of use for large problems, while disadvantages include limitations for some real-world situations.
Mb0048 operations research
Dear students get fully solved assignments
Send your semester & Specialization name to our mail id :
help.mbaassignments@gmail.com
or
call us at : 08263069601
Queueing Theory and its BusinessS Applications
Queueing Theory is the mathematical study of waiting lines in systems where demand for service exceeds the available resources. A pioneer in the field was Agner Krarup Erlang who applied its principles to telecommunications. The document discusses key concepts in queueing theory including arrival and service processes, queue configurations, performance measures and examples of real-world applications. It also covers limitations of classical queueing models in fully representing complex real systems.
Waiting lines
The document discusses queuing theory and waiting lines. It defines queuing theory as a mathematical approach to analyzing waiting lines. The goal is to minimize customer wait costs and service capacity costs. Having too few servers can lead to long wait times and lost customers, while having too many servers increases costs. The optimal solution balances these factors. Industrial applications are given showing how more tool crib attendants can reduce lost employee time despite higher attendant costs. Queuing models are explained for situations like multiple server lines.
Case study an overview
1. The document discusses the rapid growth of the grey market for computers in India between 1993-1998. Sales in the Delhi area grew from 0.5 lakh rupees in 1993 to 125 lakh rupees in 1998, exhibiting phenomenal growth.
2. This growth is attributed to the cheap availability of hardware components and pirated software in the grey market, which are very attractive to consumers. Someone with basic knowledge can get good deals in the grey market.
3. Unless the government implements strict anti-piracy rules, the trend of high growth in the grey market is expected to continue. Projecting the growth, sales could reach
Similar to Class 8 IAshhjjj3hwjkwkwmmdjjsignment Problem.pptx (20)
STUDY ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT THROUGH GENETIC ALGORITHM
STUDY ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT THROUGH GENETIC ALGORITHM
Recently uploaded
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
In the recent edition, The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024, The Silicon Leaders magazine gladly features Dejan Štancer, President of the Global Chamber of Business Leaders (GCBL), along with other leaders.
Building Your Employer Brand with Social Media
Presented at The Global HR Summit, 6th June 2024
In this keynote, Luan Wise will provide invaluable insights to elevate your employer brand on social media platforms including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok. You'll learn how compelling content can authentically showcase your company culture, values, and employee experiences to support your talent acquisition and retention objectives. Additionally, you'll understand the power of employee advocacy to amplify reach and engagement – helping to position your organization as an employer of choice in today's competitive talent landscape.
Digital Transformation Frameworks: Driving Digital Excellence
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This presentation is a curated compilation of PowerPoint diagrams and templates designed to illustrate 20 different digital transformation frameworks and models. These frameworks are based on recent industry trends and best practices, ensuring that the content remains relevant and up-to-date.
Key highlights include Microsoft's Digital Transformation Framework, which focuses on driving innovation and efficiency, and McKinsey's Ten Guiding Principles, which provide strategic insights for successful digital transformation. Additionally, Forrester's framework emphasizes enhancing customer experiences and modernizing IT infrastructure, while IDC's MaturityScape helps assess and develop organizational digital maturity. MIT's framework explores cutting-edge strategies for achieving digital success.
These materials are perfect for enhancing your business or classroom presentations, offering visual aids to supplement your insights. Please note that while comprehensive, these slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be complete for standalone instructional purposes.
Frameworks/Models included:
Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
McKinsey’s Ten Guiding Principles of Digital Transformation
Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Dive into the steadfast world of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the grounded, stable, and logical nature of Taurus individuals, and explore their key personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights. Learn how the determination and patience of the Taurus sign make them the rock-steady achievers and anchors of the zodiac.
Creative Web Design Company in Singapore
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
Best Forex Brokers Comparison in INDIA 2024
Navigating the world of forex trading can be challenging, especially for beginners. To help you make an informed decision, we have comprehensively compared the best forex brokers in India for 2024. This article, reviewed by Top Forex Brokers Review, will cover featured award winners, the best forex brokers, featured offers, the best copy trading platforms, the best forex brokers for beginners, the best MetaTrader brokers, and recently updated reviews. We will focus on FP Markets, Black Bull, EightCap, IC Markets, and Octa.
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
This session provided an update as to the latest valuation data in the UK and then delved into a discussion on the upcoming election and the impacts on valuation. We finished, as always with a Q&A
Structural Design Process: Step-by-Step Guide for Buildings
The structural design process is explained: Follow our step-by-step guide to understand building design intricacies and ensure structural integrity. Learn how to build wonderful buildings with the help of our detailed information. Learn how to create structures with durability and reliability and also gain insights on ways of managing structures.
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign. Discover the unique personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights of Gemini individuals. Learn how their sociable, communicative nature and boundless curiosity make them the dynamic explorers of the zodiac. Dive into the duality of the Gemini sign and understand their intellectual and adventurous spirit.
Creative Web Design Company in Singapore
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
The Genesis of BriansClub.cm Famous Dark WEb Platform
BriansClub.cm, a famous platform on the dark web, has become one of the most infamous carding marketplaces, specializing in the sale of stolen credit card data.
-- June 2024 is National Volunteer Month --
Check out our June display of books on voluntary organisations
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Schedule Unveiled
Easily Verify Compliance and Security with Binance KYC
Use our simple KYC verification guide to make sure your Binance account is safe and compliant. Discover the fundamentals, appreciate the significance of KYC, and trade on one of the biggest cryptocurrency exchanges with confidence.
Zodiac Signs and Food Preferences_ What Your Sign Says About Your Taste
Know what your zodiac sign says about your taste in food! Explore how the 12 zodiac signs influence your culinary preferences with insights from MyPandit. Dive into astrology and flavors!
Innovation Management Frameworks: Your Guide to Creativity & Innovation
Innovation Management Frameworks: Your Guide to Creativity & InnovationOperational Excellence Consulting
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This PowerPoint compilation offers a comprehensive overview of 20 leading innovation management frameworks and methodologies, selected for their broad applicability across various industries and organizational contexts. These frameworks are valuable resources for a wide range of users, including business professionals, educators, and consultants.
Each framework is presented with visually engaging diagrams and templates, ensuring the content is both informative and appealing. While this compilation is thorough, please note that the slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be sufficient for standalone instructional purposes.
This compilation is ideal for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of innovation management and drive meaningful change within their organization. Whether you aim to improve product development processes, enhance customer experiences, or drive digital transformation, these frameworks offer valuable insights and tools to help you achieve your goals.
INCLUDED FRAMEWORKS/MODELS:
1. Stanford’s Design Thinking
2. IDEO’s Human-Centered Design
3. Strategyzer’s Business Model Innovation
4. Lean Startup Methodology
5. Agile Innovation Framework
6. Doblin’s Ten Types of Innovation
7. McKinsey’s Three Horizons of Growth
8. Customer Journey Map
9. Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory
10. Blue Ocean Strategy
11. Strategyn’s Jobs-To-Be-Done (JTBD) Framework with Job Map
12. Design Sprint Framework
13. The Double Diamond
14. Lean Six Sigma DMAIC
15. TRIZ Problem-Solving Framework
16. Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats
17. Stage-Gate Model
18. Toyota’s Six Steps of Kaizen
19. Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
20. Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)
To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentationsUnderstanding User Needs and Satisfying Them
https://www.productmanagementtoday.com/frs/26903918/understanding-user-needs-and-satisfying-them
We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
In this webinar, we won't focus on the research methods for discovering user-needs. We will focus on synthesis of the needs we discover, communication and alignment tools, and how we operationalize addressing those needs.
Industry expert Scott Sehlhorst will:
• Introduce a taxonomy for user goals with real world examples
• Present the Onion Diagram, a tool for contextualizing task-level goals
• Illustrate how customer journey maps capture activity-level and task-level goals
• Demonstrate the best approach to selection and prioritization of user-goals to address
• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto Rico
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto RicoCorey Perlman, Social Media Speaker and Consultant
Social media for business Recently uploaded (20)
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
Digital Transformation Frameworks: Driving Digital Excellence
Digital Transformation Frameworks: Driving Digital Excellence
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Structural Design Process: Step-by-Step Guide for Buildings
Structural Design Process: Step-by-Step Guide for Buildings
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...
The Genesis of BriansClub.cm Famous Dark WEb Platform
The Genesis of BriansClub.cm Famous Dark WEb Platform
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Easily Verify Compliance and Security with Binance KYC
Easily Verify Compliance and Security with Binance KYC
Zodiac Signs and Food Preferences_ What Your Sign Says About Your Taste
Zodiac Signs and Food Preferences_ What Your Sign Says About Your Taste
Innovation Management Frameworks: Your Guide to Creativity & Innovation
Innovation Management Frameworks: Your Guide to Creativity & Innovation
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto Rico
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto Rico
Class 8 IAshhjjj3hwjkwkwmmdjjsignment Problem.pptx
- 2. WHAT IS THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM? • THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM IS A FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT IN SCHEDULING. IMAGINE YOU HAVE A TEAM OF WORKERS AND A SET OF TASKS THAT NEED TO BE COMPLETED. EACH WORKER HAS VARYING SKILLSETS AND EFFICIENCIES WHEN IT COMES TO EACH TASK. THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM HELPS US DETERMINE THE OPTIMAL WAY TO ASSIGN THESE TASKS TO WORKERS, ENSURING THAT THE TOTAL COST (TIME, MONEY, ETC.) OF COMPLETING ALL TASKS IS MINIMIZED. HERE, WE HAVE TWO KEY CONSTRAINTS: EACH WORKER CAN ONLY HANDLE ONE TASK AT A TIME, AND EACH TASK CAN ONLY BE ASSIGNED TO ONE WORKER. • THE CELLS IN THE TABLE CONTAIN NUMBERS, REPRESENTING THE COST OF EACH WORKER COMPLETING EACH JOB] * AN OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM IN SCHEDULING. * INVOLVES ASSIGNING RESOURCES (PEOPLE, MACHINES) TO TASKS. * GOAL: MINIMIZE TOTAL COST (OR MAXIMIZE TOTAL PROFIT) OF ASSIGNMENTS. * EACH RESOURCE CAN ONLY BE ASSIGNED ONE TASK. * EACH TASK CAN ONLY BE ASSIGNED TO ONE RESOURCE.
- 4. UNDERSTANDING THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM • THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM ARISES IN VARIOUS BUSINESS SCENARIOS. IMAGINE A TEAM OF WORKERS AND A SET OF PROJECTS. EACH WORKER HAS DIFFERENT SKILLSETS AND EXPERIENCE LEVELS, IMPACTING THE COST (TIME, MONEY) OF COMPLETING EACH PROJECT. THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM HELPS US DETERMINE THE OPTIMAL ASSIGNMENT OF WORKERS TO PROJECTS, ENSURING THE TOTAL COST OF COMPLETING ALL PROJECTS IS MINIMIZED. * THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM INVOLVES ALLOCATING A FIXED NUMBER OF RESOURCES TO A SIMILAR NUMBER OF TASKS. * EACH RESOURCE CAN ONLY BE ASSIGNED ONE TASK, AND EACH TASK CAN BE ASSIGNED TO ONLY ONE RESOURCE. * THE OBJECTIVE IS TO MINIMIZE THE TOTAL COST ASSOCIATED WITH THESE ASSIGNMENTS.
- 5. APPLICATION AREAS OF ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM • HOUGH ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM FINDS APPLICABILITY IN VARIOUS DIVERSE • BUSINESS SITUATIONS, WE DISCUSS SOME OF ITS MAIN APPLICATION AREAS: • (I) IN ASSIGNING MACHINES TO FACTORY ORDERS. • (II) IN ASSIGNING SALES/MARKETING PEOPLE TO SALES TERRITORIES. • (III) IN ASSIGNING CONTRACTS TO BIDDERS BY SYSTEMATIC BID- • EVALUATION. • (IV) IN ASSIGNING TEACHERS TO CLASSES. • (V) IN ASSIGNING ACCOUNTANTS TO ACCOUNTS OF THE CLIENTS
- 6. STEPS OF THE HUNGARIAN METHOD • A FLOWCHART WITH A START BOX LABELED • "STEP 1: REDUCE THE COST MATRIX" AND AN END BOX LABELED "OPTIMAL ASSIGNMENT FOUND." IN BETWEEN, THERE ARE SEVERAL DIAMOND-SHAPED DECISION BOXES AND RECTANGULAR BOXES WITH INSTRUCTIONS. THE INSTRUCTIONS INCLUDE SUBTRACTING MINIMUM VALUES FROM ROWS AND COLUMNS, DRAWING LINES TO COVER ZEROS, CHECKING FOR OPTIMALITY, AND ADJUSTING THE MATRIX] • * THE HUNGARIAN METHOD IS A SYSTEMATIC ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM. • * IT WORKS BY ITERATIVELY REDUCING A COST MATRIX THAT REPRESENTS THE COST OF ASSIGNING EACH RESOURCE TO EACH TASK. • * HERE'S A SIMPLIFIED OVERVIEW OF THE STEPS: • * STEP 1: REDUCE THE MATRIX: SUBTRACT THE MINIMUM VALUE IN EACH ROW FROM ALL ELEMENTS IN THAT ROW. REPEAT FOR EACH COLUMN. • * STEP 2: IDENTIFY MINIMUM NUMBER OF LINES: DRAW HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL LINES TO COVER ALL ZEROS IN THE MATRIX USING THE MINIMUM NUMBER OF LINES.
- 8. STEPS OF THE HUNGARIAN METHOD • * STEP 3: IDENTIFY THE NUMBER OF LINES: IF THE NUMBER OF LINES EQUALS THE MATRIX DIMENSION (NUMBER OF ROWS/COLUMNS), AN OPTIMAL SOLUTION IS FOUND. • * STEP 4: CREATE ZEROES COVERING LINES: IF NOT, ADJUST THE MATRIX BY SUBTRACTING THE MINIMUM UNCOVERED VALUE FROM UNCOVERED ELEMENTS AND ADDING IT TO ELEMENTS COVERED BY EXACTLY TWO LINES. • * STEP 5: TEST FOR OPTIMALITY AND ADJUST: REPEAT STEPS 2-4 UNTIL AN OPTIMAL SOLUTION IS FOUND, WHICH IDENTIFIES THE MINIMUM COST ASSIGNMENTS FOR ALL RESOURCES.
- 9. APPLICATION OF THE HUNGARIAN METHOD • THE ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM CAN BE APPLIED TO VARIOUS REAL-WORLD SCENARIOS. HERE, A DELIVERY COMPANY WANTS TO OPTIMIZE THEIR DELIVERY SCHEDULE. EACH DRIVER'S EXPERIENCE IN A ZONE TRANSLATES TO A DIFFERENT DELIVERY TIME (COST). THE HUNGARIAN METHOD CAN HELP ASSIGN DRIVERS TO ZONES, MINIMIZING THE TOTAL DELIVERY TIME ACROSS ALL ZONES A DELIVERY TRUCK WITH A COMPANY LOGO PARKED ON A RESIDENTIAL STREET. • A DELIVERY DRIVER IN A UNIFORM IS WALKING TOWARDS A HOUSE CARRYING A PACKAGE] • COMPANY HAS 4 DELIVERY DRIVERS AND 4 DELIVERY ZONES. • * EACH DRIVER HAS VARYING EXPERIENCE LEVELS IN EACH ZONE, AFFECTING DELIVERY TIME (COST). • * THE COMPANY WANTS TO ASSIGN DRIVERS TO ZONES