Class 10 Power Sharing_extra practice.pdf

Class 10th - Power Sharing - Exam Pack - Most Important Questions
Exam Pack

Very Short Answer Type Questions
Short Answer Type Questions
Multiple choose Question
Long Answer Type Questions

a. Three
Que. Belgium shares its border with how many countries of Europe?
b. Four
c. Five
d. Six

a. Goa
Que. Sri Lanka is an island nation, just a few kilometres from the southern coast of
b. Tamil Nadu
c. Kerala
d. Lakshadweep

a. Sinhala was recognised as the only official language
Que. Which of the following was not a provision of the Act of 1956 passed in Sri Lanka?
b. Buddhism was to be protected by the state
c. Provinces were given autonomy
d. Sinhalas were favoured in government jobs

a. Tamil name for Sri lanka
Que. What does Elem stands for?
b. Tamil name for State
c. LTTE
d. Both (a) and (b)

Class 10th - Civics - Poll Session - Power Sharing
a. Northern parts
Que. By 1980s several political organisations were formed in Sri Lanka demanding an
independent Tamil Eelam in which of the following part of Sri Lanka?
b. Eastern parts
c. Western parts
d. Both a and b

a. The communist government
Que. Which of the following government in Belgium has the power regarding cultural,
educational and language related issues?
b. The community government
c. The central government
d. The province government

a. United Nations
Que. The headquarter of _________ is situated in Brussels.
b. European union
c. World Trade Organisations
d. Both (b) and (c)

a. Community Government
Que. The Government in which power is shared by two or more political parties, is
known as -
b. Unitary Government
c. Federal Government
d. Coalition Government

a. Central government, state government and local bodies.
Que. Modern democracies maintain a check and balance system. Identify the correct
option based on the horizontal power sharing arrangement.
b. Legislature, executive and Judiciary
c. Among different social groups
d. Among different pressure groups

a. Unitary division of power
Que. There are countries in which the constitution clearly lays down the powers of
different levels of government. This is called:
b. Federal division of power
c. Legal division of power
d. Authoritarian division of power

1. Ethnic
2. Majoritarianism
A social division based on shared culture. People belonging to
the same ethnic group believe in their common descent
because of similarities of physical type or of culture, or both.
They need not always have the same religion or nationality.
A belief that the majority community should be able to rule a
country in whichever way it wants, by disregarding the wishes
and needs of the minority

3. Civil war
4. Community government
A violent conflict between opposing groups within a
country that becomes so intense that it like a war.
Community government is an elected body by the people
belonging to one language, one culture or any common
property no matter where they live. Experimented in
Belgium.

5. Coalition government
6. Pressure groups
When a single political party is not able to secure majority.
In this case, two or more than two political parties come
together to form government by sharing power.
Pressure groups are those organisations that attempt to
influence the policies of the government to safeguard their
own interests. Ex : Trade union.

What is the complex ethnic composition of Belgium in terms of the
percentage each language spoken there?
● It has two main languages i.e. Dutch and French. 59% lives in the Flemish
region and speaks Dutch language, 40% people of Belgium live in the
Wallonia region and speak French. Remaining 1% speak German.
● In the capital city Brussels, 80% people speak French while 20% are
Dutch-speaking
● The minority French-speaking people are more rich and powerful than the
Dutch-speaking people.

Describe the ethnic composition of Sri Lanka.
● The major social groups in Sri Lanka are the Sinhala speakers (74%) and the
Tamil speakers (18%).
● Among Tamils, there are two subgroups. Sri Lankan Tamils, or the Tamil
natives of Sri Lanka (13%). Indian Tamils (5%) whose forefather came from
India as plantation workers during colonial period.
● Most of the Sinhala speakers are Buddhists.
● Most of the Tamils are either Hindus or Muslims.
● Christians are about 7%, who are both Tamil and Sinhala.

Give reasons why power sharing is desirable?
Prudential reasons:
● It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
● It is a good way to ensure the stability of political order.
● Imposing the will of the majority community, over others may look like an attractive
option in the short run, but in the long run it undermines the unity of the nation.
Moral reasons:
● Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy.
● People have the right to be consulted on how they are to be governed.
● A legitimate government is one where citizens through participation, acquires a
stake in the system.

What do you understand by the horizontal form of power-sharing?
● In this system power is shared among different organs of the
governments in which each organ of government, i.e. Judiciary,
Legislature, and Executive.
● Each organ checks the others which makes a balance of power
among various institutions.
● Judiciary → Legislature → Executive

Explain vertical form of power-sharing?
● In this system, power is shared among governments at different levels.
● Central/Union Government for the entire country at national level States
Governments/Provincial Or Regional Governments at state level while municipality
and Panchayats at the local level
● This division of powers involving higher and lower levels of government is called
vertical distribution of power sharing. Holds the Spirit of federalism.

What were the reasons for the alienation of Sri Lankan Tamils? What was the effect
of this on the country?
● Government adopted majoritarian measures to establish Sinhala Supremacy. In 1956, an Act was
passed to recognise Sinhala as the only official language thus, disregarding Tamil.
● Preferential politics that favoured Sinhala applicants for university positions and government
jobs.
● The state shall protect and foster Buddhism.
● Sri Lankan Tamils felt that none of the major political parties led by the Buddhist Sinhala leaders
was sensitive to their language and culture
● The relations between the Sinhala and Tamil communities strained overtime, and it soon turned
into a Civil War.

Describe the elements of the Belgian model for accommodating diversities.
● Introduction
● The number of Dutch and French-speaking ministers shall be equal in the central
government.
● State are not made subordinates to the central government.
● Brussels has a separate government in which both the communities have equal
representation.
● A third kind of government, community government has the power regarding
cultural, educational and language related issues.
● Conclusion.

What are the different forms of power sharing in modern democracies? Give an
example of each of these.
● Power Sharing among the Different Organs of Government (i.e. Horizontal
distribution of power) the system of checks and balances.
● Power Sharing among Governments at Different Levels (i.e. Vertical
distribution of power sharing) In this form of power sharing, power is shared
at the different levels of government.
● Power Sharing among Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Movements.
They form a Coalition Government and thus share power.
● Power Sharing Among Different Social Groups In a democracy, especially, in
multi-ethnic society, power is also shared among s social such as religious and
linguistic groups Community government.

Compare the situation of Belgium and Sri Lanka considering their
location, size and cultural aspects.
"Sharing of powers makes a country more powerful and united."Do you
agree with this statement and why?
"Both Belgium and Sri Lanka are democracies but they follow different
systems of power sharing." Support the statement by giving three
points of differences.
Why is power sharing desirable? Give any three prudential reasons.
What impact would lack of 'power sharing' have on the country?
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